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B040801Rasavāhinī(味之河) c3.5s

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.

Rasavāhinī

Paṇāmādikathā

1.

Satthuppasatthacaraṇaṃ saraṇaṃ janānaṃ,

Brahmādimoḷi maṇiraṃsi samāvahantaṃ,

Paṅkeruhābhamudukomalacāruvaṇṇaṃ;

Vandāmi cakkavaralakkhaṇamādadhānaṃ.

2.

Siddhaṃ jinena cirakālamatanditena,

Yaṃ bhāvako samadhigacchati khemamaggaṃ;

Yaṃ kapparukkha rucidāna maṇiva bhāti,

Taṃ dhammamagga masamaṃ paṇamāmi niccaṃ.

3.

Santindriyaṃ sugatasūnuvaraṃ visuddhaṃ,

Yaṃ dakkhiṇeyyamatadaṃ sucipuññakhettaṃ;

Tāṇesinaṃ saraṇamujjhitasabbadukkhaṃ,

Vandāmi saṅgha managhaṃ sirasā mahagghaṃ.

4.

Yampattamettha ratanattayathomanena,

Puññena tena duritaṃ sakalaṃ paṇujja,

Vakkhāmahaṃ sumadhuraṃ rasavāhinintaṃ,

Bho bho suṇantu sujanā bhimudāvahā sā.

5.

Tatthatatthūpapannāni, vatthūni arahā pure;

Abhāsuṃ dīpabhāsāya, ṭhapesuṃ taṃ purātanā.

6.

Mahāvihāre taṅgutta, vaṅkapariveṇavāsiko;

Raṭṭhapāloti nāmena, sīlācāra guṇākaro.

7.

Hitāya parivattesi, pajānaṃ pāḷibhāsato;

Punaruttādidosehi, tamāsi sabbamākulaṃ;

Anākulaṃ karissāmi, taṃ suṇātha samāhitā.

8.

Vitarāgā pure vocuṃ, yasmā tasmā hi bhāsitaṃ;

Etamādaraṇīyañhi, sādhu sādhūhi sabbadāti.

Jambudīpuppatti vatthūni.

Dhammasoṇḍakavaggo

  1. Dhammasoṇḍakassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Tattha tesaṃ vatthūna muppattiyo dvidhā bhavanti jambudīpe sīhaḷadīpecāti, tattha jambudīpe tāḷīsa, sīhaḷadīpe tesaṭṭhi, tesu tāva jambudīpuppattivatthūni āvi bhavissanti, tatopi dhammasoṇḍakassa vatthu ādi, kathaṃ, amhākaṃ kira bhagavato pubbe imasmiṃyeva bhaddakappe kassaponāma satthā loke udapādi, tassa kho pana bhagavato sāsanantaradhānato na cireneva kālena amhākaṃ bodhisatto bārāṇasīrañño aggamahesiyā kucchismiṃ nibbatti, tassu ppatti kālasamanantarameva sabbasattānaṃ manasi dhammasaññā udapādi, tasmāssa dhammasoṇḍotināma makaṃsu, so paneso kumāro mahantena parivārena vaḍḍhento sabbasippesu nipphattiṃ patvā pitarā uparajjena pūjito hutvā dānādayo dasakusalakammapathe pūrento pituaccayenāmaccehi rajjenābhisiñcito ahosi, so panesa dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā devanagarasadise bārāṇasīnagare cakkavattisadisaṃ bārāṇasīrajjaṃ kārento māsaddhamāsaccayena sirisayanagato evaṃ cintesi, mamevaṃ rajjasirimanubhavanaṃ na sobhati dhammaviyogena, divākara virahito nabho viyātiādinā nānākāraṇaṃ cintesi, tenettha.

1.

Puññena sīlādimayena pubbe,

Katena pattosmi atanditena,

Masakkasāre viya devarājā;

Rājattamiddhe puramuttamamhi.

2.

Rūpena hārīnayanussavena,

Saddena sammā savaṇāmatena,

Gandhena ghānussavasobhanena,

Rasaññapuññena rasenacāpi.

3.

Phassena gattassa suphassadena,

Samiddhipattosmi mahiddhikohaṃ,

Nevettakeneva pamādabhāva,

Mā pajjituṃ yuttarūpanti ñatvā.

4.

Dassāmi aṅgaapi jīvitañca,

Dhaññaṃ dhanaṃ cāpi pasannacitto,

Sossāmi dhammaṃ sivamādadhānaṃ,

Jineritaṃ jātijarāpahāṇaṃ.

5.

Na sobhati yathākāsaṃ, jalaṃ dhāmapatiṃvinā,

Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.

6.

Na sobhati hathā ratti, nisānāthaṃ vinā sadā,

Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 禮敬世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者。 《味之河》 禮敬序言 1 我禮敬導師那莊嚴的雙足,是眾生的皈依, 如梵天等頭頂上的寶珠放射光芒, 猶如蓮花般柔軟美麗的膚色, 具足輪寶等殊勝相好。 2 勝者長期精進不懈所成就, 修行者因此獲得寂靜之道; 如如意樹、如如意寶般閃耀, 我常常頂禮這無與倫比的法道。 3 諸根寂靜、清凈無染的善逝之子, 是值得供養的無上福田; 尋求庇護者的皈依,遠離一切苦, 我以頭面禮敬這無價的清凈僧伽。 4 因讚歎三寶所獲功德, 愿以此功德消除一切罪業, 我將宣說甘美的味之河, 請善人們聆聽,它能帶來喜悅。 5 往昔阿羅漢們用僧伽羅語, 講述了各種各樣的故事, 古人們將其儲存下來。 6 大寺僧院的旃俱多分院住持, 名叫羅塔帕拉的持戒功德藏。 7 為利益眾生從巴利語翻譯, 因重複等過失變得混亂; 我將整理使其無有混亂, 請專心地聽。 8 因為這是離欲者過去所說, 所以這話值得尊重, 一切善人都應當讚歎。 閻浮提(印度次大陸)所生故事 法愛好者品 法愛好者的故事之緣起 這些故事發生在兩處:閻浮提和獅子國(斯里蘭卡)。其中閻浮提有四十個故事,獅子國有六十三個故事。首先講述閻浮提的故事,從法愛好者的故事開始。怎麼說呢?在我們的世尊之前,在這賢劫中,出現了一位名叫迦葉的導師。在這位世尊的教法滅沒後不久,我們的菩薩投生在波羅奈國王的第一王后腹中。就在他出生的那一刻,所有眾生心中都生起了對法的覺知,因此他們給他取名為"法愛好者"。這位王子在眾多侍從的照料下成長,精通一切技藝,被父王冊封為副王,他完滿實踐佈施等十善業道。在父王去世后,大臣們為他舉行了加冕典禮。這位法愛好者大王在如天城般的波羅奈城(現今印度瓦拉納西)執掌如轉輪王般的波羅奈王權。每半月,他躺在莊嚴的床榻上這樣思維:沒有正法,我享受王權榮華是不相稱的,就像沒有太陽的天空一樣。他思考了種種原因,因此這裡說: 1 由於過去精進不懈, 修習戒等功德, 如帝釋天王在天界, 我在這最勝城中獲得王位。 2 以迷人的容貌和聲譽, 以令人愉悅的聲音, 以芬芳的香氣, 以美味的滋味。 3 以令身體愉悅的觸覺, 我獲得了大神通力, 但知道不應該僅以此 而陷入放逸。 4 我將以虔誠之心, 施予身體乃至生命, 以及財富穀物, 我要聽聞能帶來吉祥、 能斷除生死的佛陀之法。 5 如同沒有太陽的天空不莊嚴, 我的王權若無正法也不莊嚴。 6 如同沒有月亮的夜晚不莊嚴, 我的王權若無正法也不莊嚴。

7.

Alaṅkatopi ce hatthī, vinā dāṭhā na sobhati,

Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.

8.

Yathā kallolamālīyaṃ,

Vinā velā na sobhati,

Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ,

Vinā dhammā na sobhati.

9.

Yathā sumaṇḍito rājā,

Kupaṭo neva sobhati,

Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ,

Vinā dhammā na sobhati.

10.

Dhammameva suṇissāmi, dhamme me ramatī mano,

Na hi dhammā paraṃ atthi, dhammamūlaṃ tisampadanti.

Evaṃ cintetvā pātova sirigabbhā nikkhamma susajjite samussitasetacchatte rājapalleṅke amaccagaṇa parivuto nisīdi devarājāviya virocamāno, nisinno pana rājā amacce evamāha, yo panettha bhonto buddhabhāsitesu dhammesu kiñcidhammaṃ jānāti, so bhāsatu, sotumicchāmidhammanti, te sabbepi mayaṃ deva na jānāmāti āhaṃsu, taṃ sutvā a na tta ma no rājā evaṃ cintesi, yannūnāhaṃ hatthikkhandhe sahassaṃ ṭhapetvā nagare bheriṃcarāpeyyaṃ, yaṃ appevanāma koci dhanalobhena cātuppadikāyapi gāthāya dhammaṃ deseyya. Taṃ me dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatīti, tato so tathā katvāpi dhammadesakaṃ alabhanto puna dvisahassaṃ ticatupañcasahassantiyāvakoṭippakoṭiṃdammīti, tato gāma nigama janapade, tato seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ senāpati uparājaṭṭhānā dayopi, puna setacchattaṃ dammi, rājavesaṃ pahāya attānaṃ dāsaṃ sāvetvā dhammadesentassa dammiti vatvā bheri carāpetvāpi dhamma desakamalabhitvā saṃviggo kimme dhammaviyogena rajjenāti amaccānaṃ rajjaṃ nīyyātetvā saddhammagavesako dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā mahāvanaṃ pāvisi gāma nigama rājadhāni paramparāya, tenettha.

11.

Pure bheriṃ carāpetvā,

Dhammasoṇḍo narādhipo;

Saddhammajjhesakaṃ satthu,

Aladdhā dhanakoṭihi.

12.

Dāso homi pahāyāhaṃ,

Rājattaṃ desakassa me;

Iccāha so mahīpālo,

Aho dhammesu lolatā.

13.

Rajjaṃ nīyyātayitvāna, amaccānaṃ manoramaṃ,

Vanaṃ pāvisi so rājā, gavesaṃ dhammamuttamanti.

Mahāvanaṃ paviṭṭhakkhaṇe pana mahāsattassa puññatejena sakkassāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ dassesi, atha devarājā cintesi akāmaṃ me paṇḍukambala silāsanaṃ uṇhamahosi, kinnukho kāraṇanti lokaṃ olokento sakko devarājā dhammasoṇḍaka mahārājānaṃ sakalajambudīpaṃ vicinitvā saddhammajjhesakaṃ alabhitvā vanaṃ paviṭṭhabhāvaṃ addasa, dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā saddhammatthāya rajja dhana bandhu jīvitampi pahāya araññaṃ paviṭṭho, na so vatāyaṃ yovā sovā satto, imasmiṃyeva kappe buddho bhavissati, buddhabodhisatto cāyaṃ ajjeva mahāraññaṃ paviṭṭho saddhammaṃ aladdhā mahādukkhaṃ pāpuṇeyya, na cetaṃ yuttaṃ, ajja mayā tattha ganthabbaṃ dhammāmatarasena tamabhisiñcitvā rajje pahiṭṭhāpetunti cintetvā attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā bhayānakaṃ mahantaṃ rakkhasavesaṃ nimmiṇitvā mahāsattābhimukho avidūre attānaṃ dassesi, tenettha.

14.

Byagghacchasīhamahiso ragahatthidīpi,

Migākulaṃ kaṇṭakaselarukkhaṃ;

Narānamindo pavisitvakānanaṃ,

Itocito vibbhami dhammakāmo.

15.

Tassānubhāvena purindadassa,

Silāsanaṃ uṇhamahosi kāmaṃ;

Teneva so lokamudikkhamāno,

Addakkhi dhīraṃ vipine carantaṃ.

16.

Mayajja taṃ dhammarasena sammā,

Santappayitvā gamanaṃ varanti;

Mantvā subhīmañjanakūṭavaṇṇaṃ,

Mahāmukhaṃ niggata bhīmadāṭhaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 7 即使裝飾華麗的象,沒有象牙也不莊嚴, 我的王權若無正法,同樣也不莊嚴。 8 如同佈滿波浪的海, 若無海岸不莊嚴, 我的王權也是如此, 若無正法不莊嚴。 9 如同裝飾華美的國王, 若著劣衣不莊嚴, 我的王權也是如此, 若無正法不莊嚴。 10 我只愿聽聞正法,我的心喜樂於法, 因為沒有什麼勝過正法,一切成就皆以法為根本。 如是思維后,他清晨離開寢宮,坐在裝飾精美、撐起白傘的王座上,被大臣們環繞,如天王般莊嚴。國王坐定后對大臣們說:"諸位,若有人知道佛陀所說的任何法,請說出來,我想聽聞正法。"他們都回答說:"大王,我們都不知道。"聽到這話,國王不悅,這樣思維:"我何不在象背上放置一千金錢,讓人在城中敲鑼宣佈,或許有人因貪財而為我講說哪怕四句偈頌的法。這將長期有益於我的安樂。"於是他這樣做了,但找不到說法者,又增加到兩千、三千、四千、五千,直至俱胝又俱胝。然後又遍及村鎮地區,又提供長者、將軍、副王等職位,最後說愿給予白傘(王位),自己放棄王者裝束宣稱做奴隸給說法者。即使敲鑼宣佈這些,仍找不到說法者。他感到憂慮:"沒有正法,王位於我何用?"於是將王權交給大臣們,尋求正法的法愛好者大王便經過一個又一個的村鎮王城,進入大森林。因此這裡說: 11 昔日法愛好者, 人中之主敲鑼宣佈; 即使以俱胝財富, 也尋不得導師正法。 12 "我願放棄王位, 做為說法者之奴", 如是說這位國王, 啊!對法何等渴慕。 13 將可愛的王權, 交付給諸大臣, 這位國王進入森林, 尋求無上正法。 當大士剛進入大森林時,以其功德力,帝釋天的座位顯現熱相。天王思維:"我的赤黃色石座無故變熱,這是什麼原因?"觀察世間,帝釋天王看到法愛好者大王遍尋整個閻浮提找不到請法者而入林。法愛好者大王爲了正法捨棄王位、財富、親族乃至生命而入林。他不是普通眾生,將在這個劫中成佛,他是菩薩。今天他入大林若得不到正法將遭受大苦,這是不應該的。今天我應當前往那裡,用法甘露灌頂他,讓他重返王位。想到這裡,他變換形貌,化現成可怖的巨大夜叉形象,在離大士不遠處顯現自身。因此這裡說: 14 虎豹獅子野牛狂象豹, 獸群荊棘巖石樹木中; 人中之王入此森林時, 為求正法東西遊行。 15 因他威力天王帝釋的, 石座無故顯現熱相; 因此他觀察世間時, 見賢者遊行林中。 16 "今日我當以法味, 善加滿足他歸返"; 想已化現極可怖, 如山峰般巨口獠牙。

17.

Dittaggisaṅkāsa visālanettaṃ,

Majjhena bhaggaṃ cipiṭagganāsaṃ;

Kharatambadāṭhiṃ ghanamassuvantaṃ,

Nīlodaraṃ gajjitabhīmaghosaṃ.

18.

Karoruhaṃ tikkhasalohitāyataṃ,

Visāladhotāyatakhaggahatthaṃ;

Gadāyudhenaṅkitamaññabāhuṃ,

Daṭṭhoṭṭhabhīmaṃ savalīlalāṭaṃ.

19.

Manussamaṃsādanarattapānaṃ,

Bhayānakaṃ kakkhalayakkhavaṇṇaṃ;

Sumāpayitvāna vanantarasmiṃ,

Dassesi attaṃ sa narādhipassāti.

Atha mahāsatto attano avidūre ṭhitaṃ rakkhasaṃ addakkhi, taṃ disvānāssa bhayaṃvā chambhitattaṃvā citthutrāsamattaṃvā nāhosi, kimatra cintesi, apināma evarūpo pirakkhaso dhammaṃ jāneyya, yannūnāhaṃ tassa santike dhammaṃ suṇissāmi, tamme dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatīti cintesi. Cintetvā capana ajja mayā tamupasaṅkamma pucchitaṃ vaṭṭatīti gantvā rakkhasena saddhiṃ sallapanto āha.

20.

Asmiṃ vanasmiṃ tarusaṇḍa maṇḍite;

Suphullitānekalatākulākule;

Adhiggahīto si mahānubhāva,

Pucchāmi taṃ deva vadehi kaṅkhaṃ.

21.

Dhammaṃ gavesaṃ vanamāgatomhi,

Pahāya rajjaṃ api ñātisaṅghaṃ;

Jānāsi ce samma vadehi mayhaṃ,

Ekampi gāthaṃ sugatena desitaṃ.

Tato yakkho āha.

22.

Dhammaṃ pajānāmahamekadesaṃ,

Jineritaṃ sādhutaraṃ rasānaṃ,

Desemi cehaṃ tava dhamma maggaṃ,

Tuvañhi kiṃ kāhasi desakassāti.

Atha mahāsatto āha.

23.

Rajje ṭhito assamahaṃ sace bho,

Anapparūpaṃ pakaromi pūjaṃ;

Idāni eko vanamajjhapatto,

Karomi kiṃ dehamimaṃ ṭhapetvā.

24.

Yadicchasi tvaṃ mama maṃsalohitaṃ,

Karomahaṃ saṅgahamajja tena,

Na catthi aññaṃ tava accanīyaṃ,

Desehi dhammaṃ sugata ppasatthanti.

Tato yakkho āha.

25.

Bhutvāna maṃsaṃ suhitova santo,

Hantvā pipāsaṃ rudhiraṃ pivitvā;

Dhammaṃ kathetuṃ pabhavāmi tuyhaṃ,

Vattuṃ na sakkomi khudāparetoti.

Atha mahāsatto āha.

26.

Bhutvā tuvaṃ maṃ pathamañhi yakkha,

Pacchā tu desessasi kassa dhammaṃ;

Dhammassa mayhaṃ tava maṃsalābhaṃ,

Tvameva jānāhi yathā bhaveyyāti.

Evaṃ vutte sakko devānamindo sādhu mahārāja ahameva yuttaṃ jānāmīti vatvā tassāvidūre tigāvutubbedhaṃ añjanavaṇṇaṃ mahantaṃ pabbataṃ māpetvā mahārāja imamāruyha pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito mama mukhe patatu, ahaṃ patanthassa te dhammaṃ desessāmi, evaṃ sante tuyhaṃ dhammapaṭilābho, mayhaṃca maṃsapaṭilābho bhavissatīti. Taṃ sutvā mahāsatto anamatagge saṃsāre saṃsarato me sīhabyagghacchamacchakacchapavihaṅgādīnaṃ bhakkhabhūtassa jātīsu pamāṇaṃ natti, ajja mayā sambuddhassa dhammatthāya jīvitaṃ pariccajituṃ vaṭṭatīti cintetvā evamāha.

27.

Saṃsāravaṭṭesu vivaṭṭamānā,

Papponti dukkhaṃ janatā anekā;

Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,

Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.

28.

Tvamadinnahārī tica pāradāriko,

Pāṇātipātīsi musā abhāsi;

Tva majjapāyīti akāsi dosaṃ,

Paggayha dukkhaṃ bahuso dadanti.

29.

Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,

Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ;

Rukkhā papātā papatitvakeci,

Dubbandhiyā duggavisādanena.

30.

Byādhīhi nānākharavedanāhi,

Maranti sattā utuvedanāhi;

Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,

Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 17 眼如烈火般廣大, 中間凹陷鼻扁平; 獠牙粗糙銅色,濃須垂下, 腹部青黑,吼聲可怖。 18 手指長而尖利染血, 手持寬大明亮長劍; 另一臂持有鐵棒, 嘴唇可怖,額頭皺褶。 19 食人肉飲鮮血, 可怖粗暴夜叉形; 在森林中化現, 向人王顯現自身。 這時大士看見站在自己不遠處的夜叉,見到他時並無恐懼、戰慄或絲毫驚慌。他是這樣想的:"或許這樣的夜叉也知道正法,我不如向他聽聞正法,這將長期有益於我的安樂。"想到這裡,他又想:"今天我應該去接近他詢問。"於是前往與夜叉交談說道: 20 在這樹木莊嚴的森林中, 種種藤蔓盛開纏繞; 你具大威力者所居, 我問你天神請釋我疑。 21 我為尋求正法來到林中, 捨棄王位及親族眾; 賢友若知請為我說, 哪怕一偈善逝所說。 於是夜叉說: 22 我知一分正法, 勝者所說諸味中最勝, 我若為你說法道, 你將如何報答說法者? 這時大士說: 23 若我還在位時賢友, 必定獻上無量供養; 如今獨自處林中, 除此身軀別無所有。 24 若你想要我的血肉, 今日我願以此供養, 除此之外無他物, 請說善逝所贊法。 於是夜叉說: 25 吃飽你的肉之後, 飲血止渴滿足時; 我才能為你說法, 飢餓時無力言說。 這時大士說: 26 夜叉啊你若先吃我, 之後要向誰說法? 我得正法你得肉, 你自己想該如何。 聽到這話,帝釋天王說:"善哉大王,我知道該怎麼辦。"說完在離他不遠處化現出一座三伽浮塔高的青黑色大山,說道:"大王,請你登上這座山峰,從頂上跳入我口中,我會在你墜落時為你說法。這樣你將得到正法,我也將得到肉食。"聽到這話,大士想道:"在無始輪迴中流轉時,我曾作為獅子、虎、熊、魚、龜、鳥等被吃,次數無量。今天我應該爲了正覺者的法而捨棄生命。"於是說道: 27 眾生在輪迴中流轉, 遭受種種無量苦; 賢友啊為己為人, 這些都是空無益。 28 你偷盜又行邪淫, 殺生並且說妄語; 你飲酒造作過失, 承受多苦不斷增。 29 賢友啊為己為人, 這些都是空無益; 有些從樹上懸崖墜落, 因繩索或劇毒而死。 30 因各種病痛折磨, 眾生死於氣候之苦; 賢友啊為己為人, 這些都是空無益。

31.

Byagghacchamaccho ragakucchiyañhi,

Matassa me natthi pamāṇasaṅkhā;

Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,

Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.

32.

Etajja me ducca ja mattadānaṃ,

Na hoti devissariyādikāya;

Sabbaññubhāvaṃ pana pāpuṇitvā,

Saṃsārato nittaraṇāya satte.

33.

Tvaṃ samma mayhaṃ bahuso pakārī,

Tasmā tavetaṃ vacanaṃ karomi;

Asaṃkito desaya mayhadhammaṃ,

Samijjhate dāni manoratho teti.

Evañca pana vatvā mahāsatto pabbatamāruyha ṭhito āha, ahamajja rajjena saddhiṃ jīvitañca sarīramaṃsañca saddhammatthāya dammīti somanassappatto hutvā samma dhammaṃ desehīti vatvā tasmiṃ mahādāṭhaṃ mahāmukhaṃ vivaritvā ṭhite tassābhimukho upapati. Atha sakko devānamindo somanasso acchariyappatto attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā alaṅkatadibbattabhāvaṃ māpetvā ākāse taruṇasuriyo viya obhāsamāno ākāsato patantaṃ mahāsattaṃ ubhohi hatthehi daḷhaṃ patigaṇhitvā devalokaṃ netvā paṇḍukambala silāsane nisīdāpetvā dibbamayehi gandhamālādīhi pūjetvā sayaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā pasanno pasannākāraṃ katvā kassapadasabalena desitāya aniccādiparidīpikāya.

34.

Aniccāva ta saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;

Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukhoti.

Gāthāya dhammadesanena tassa manorathaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā devaloke mahantaṃ sirivibhavaṃ dassetvā ānetvā sakarajjeyeva patiṭṭhāpetvā appamatto hoti mahārājāti ovaditvā devalokameva agamāsīti.

35.

Iti amitasiriṃ vā jīvitaṃ vāpi santo,

Na sumariya pasatthaṃ dhammamevā caranti;

Tanutara vibhavānaṃ appamāyūnamambho,

Iha kusalapamādo ko nu tumhādisānanti.

Dhammasoṇḍakavatthuṃ paṭhamaṃ.

  1. Migaluddakassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbikathā

Ito kira eka tiṃsatime kappe sikhīnāma sammāsambuddho samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā paramātisambodhiṃ patvā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ saṃsārakantārā uttārento dhammaratanavassaṃ vassāpento dhammabheriṃpaharanto dhammaketuṃ ussāpento ekasmiṃ samaye viveka manubrūhanto araññāyatanaṃ pāvisi, pavisitvā capana supupphitanāgapunnāgādinānātarusaṇḍamaṇḍite suphullasumanamālatippabhutinānālatākule anekavidhadipadacatuppadasaṅghanisevite ramaṇīye sītalasilātale catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃpaññapetvā nisīdi chabbaṇṇaraṃsīhi disaṃ pūrayanto, tadā tattha devabrahmanāgasupaṇṇādayo sannipatitvā dibbamayehi gandhamālādīhi bhagavantaṃ pūjayamānā thomayamānā namassamānā aṭṭhaṃsu, tasmiṃ panasamāgame bhagavā madhurassaraṃ nicchārento brahmaghosena catusaccapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammaṃ deseti amatavassaṃ vassāpentoviya. Tadā eko migaluddako vanaṃ paviṭṭho migasūkare hantvā maṃsaṃ khādanto taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā addasa bhagavantaṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ. Disvā ekamantaṃ ṭhito dhammaṃ sutvā cittaṃ pasādetvā tato cuto devaloke nibbattitvā chasu kāmasaggesu manussesuca aparāparaṃ issariyaṃ anubhavanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā ekadivasaṃ dhammaṃ desentassa bhagavato catusaccapati saṃyuttaṃ dhammakathaṃ sutvā catupaṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā ekadivasaṃ bhikkhusaṅghamajjhagato attano katakammappakāsanena pītivācamudāhari.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 31 在虎熊魚獸腹中, 我死次數難計量; 賢友啊為己為人, 這些都是空無益。 32 今日我這難捨之施, 不為天界諸享樂; 而是為證一切智, 度眾生出輪迴苦。 33 賢友你於我多有助益, 因此我遵從你的話; 請無疑慮為我說法, 今日願望將得成就。 說完這些話,大士登上山峰站立說道:"今天我爲了正法獻出王位、生命和身體的血肉。"心生歡喜地說:"賢友請說法。"當夜叉張開大口獠牙站立時,他朝向他跳下。這時帝釋天王歡喜驚歎,捨棄化身,現出莊嚴天身,如朝陽般在空中放光,用雙手穩穩接住從空中墜落的大士,帶他到天界,讓他坐在赤黃色石座上,以天界的香花等供養他。自己聽聞正法後生起信心,表達敬意,用迦葉佛所說顯示無常等的偈頌: 34 諸行實無常,是生滅之法; 生已還滅去,寂滅乃為樂。 以此說法滿足他的願望,向他展示天界的大威德榮華,然後帶他返回自己的王國安置他,告誡說:"大王請保持不放逸",便迴天界去了。 35 如是智者不顧無量榮華與生命, 唯行聖者所讚歎之法; 啊!微少財富短暫壽命者, 你們這樣的人何故放逸善法? 法愛好者的故事第一 獵人的故事之緣起 據說在此三十一劫前,有位名叫尸棄的正等正覺者,圓滿三十波羅蜜,證得無上正等正覺,令包括天界在內的世界度脫輪迴曠野,降下正法寶雨,擊響正法之鼓,高舉正法之幢。有一次他為培養遠離,進入阿蘭若處。進入后,在裝飾著盛開的龍樹、龍眼樹等各種樹木,纏繞著盛開的茉莉花等各種藤蔓,為眾多兩足四足眾生所棲息的宜人清涼石板上,鋪設四重僧伽梨衣坐下,以六色光明照耀四方。那時天、梵、龍、金翅鳥等聚集在那裡,以天界的香花等供養世尊,讚頌禮拜而立。在那個集會中,世尊發出悅耳的聲音,以梵音宣說與四諦相應之法,如降下甘露之雨。那時有一個獵人進入森林,以殺鹿野豬食肉為生,來到那個地方,看見世尊在說法。看見後站在一旁聽聞正法,內心生起信心。此後命終投生天界,在六慾天界和人間反覆享受王權,在現在佛陀出世時投生在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯提)的良家,長大后在世尊的教法中出家,一天聽聞世尊宣說與四諦相應的法,證得具足四無礙解的阿羅漢果。有一天在比丘僧團中,以宣說自己的往業而發出歡喜之語。

1.

E ka tiṃ se ito kappe,

Loke uppajji nāyako;

Pattiṃsa lakkhaṇātiṇṇo,

Sambuddho sa sikhīvhayo.

2.

Jalanto dīparukkhova, sūriyova nabha muggato;

Merurājāva sambuddho, janesaggo patāpavā.

3.

Pūretvā dhammanāvāyaṃ, sa nātho sakalaṃ pajaṃ;

Patiṭṭhapento saṃsāra, kantārā santibhūmiyaṃ.

4.

Dhammaketuṃ samussento, hananto dhammadundubhiṃ;

Satte dukkhā pamocento, vasī tattha jino vasī.

5.

Ekasmiṃ samaye nātho,

Lokapajjotako jino;

Vivekakāmo sambuddho,

Surammaṃ kānanaṃ gato.

6.

Punnāganāgapūgādi, nānāpādapasaṃkulaṃ;

Latā liṅgitasākhāhi, sā modakusumāyutaṃ.

7.

Kusumā modasammatta, chappadāli nisevitaṃ;

Nānāmiga gaṇākiṇṇaṃ, mayūragaṇa naccitaṃ.

8.

Sītalacchodikāsādhu, supatitthajalāsayaṃ;

Āsāra sāradhārāhi, nijjharāsata saṃkulaṃ.

9.

Gantvāna so mahāraññaṃ,

Sītalaṃ sikatātalaṃ;

Silātale nisinnosi,

Vissajjento charaṃsiyo.

10.

Devā tattha samāgantvā, pūjesuṃ dvipaduttamaṃ;

Dibbehi gandhamālāhi, naccehi turiyehica.

11.

Devadevo tadā deva, saṅghamajjhe nisīdiya;

Catusacca madesesi, niccharaṃ madhuraṃ giraṃ.

12.

Tadāhaṃ luddako āsiṃ, migasūkaramārako;

Migamaṃsena jivāmi, tena posemi dārake [posentoputtadārake itikatthaci].

13.

Tadāhaṃ migavaṃ yāto,

Sabāṇo sasarāsano;

Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ,

Devasaṅghapurakkhataṃ.

14.

Candaṃva tārakākiṇṇaṃ, meruṃvaṇṇavamajjhagaṃ;

Virocamāna māsīnaṃ, catusaccappakāsakaṃ.

15.

Ekapasse ṭhito tattha, assosiṃ dhammamuttamaṃ;

Tattha cittaṃ pasādetvā, somanassaṃ pavedayiṃ.

16.

Ekatiṃse ito kappe,

Yaṃ puññaṃ pasutaṃ mayā;

Tenāhaṃ puññakammena,

Jātosiṃ devayoniyaṃ.

17.

Sampattimanubhutvāna, chakāmagge parāparaṃ;

Devasaṅghaparibbūḷho, vimāne ratanāmaye.

18.

Manussesuca yaṃ aggaṃ, tassa bhāgī bhavāmahaṃ;

Bhoge me ūnatā natthi, saddhammasavaṇe phalaṃ.

19.

Imasmiṃ bhaddake kappe,

Sāvattipuramuttame;

Aḍḍhe mahaddhane sāle,

Jātohaṃ udite kule.

20.

Mahatā parivārena, patto vuddhiṃca viññutaṃ;

Cārikaṃ caramānohaṃ, patto jetavanaṃ varaṃ.

21.

Addasaṃ saha sissehi, nisinnaṃ sugataṃ tadā;

Assosiṃ madhuraṃ dhammaṃ, catusaccappakāsakaṃ.

22.

Sutvāna madhuraṃ dhammaṃ, pabbajitvāna sāsane;

A jarā maraṃ sītibhūtaṃ, patto nibbāṇamuttamaṃ.

23.

Sutaṃ ekamuhuttaṃ me, tadā dhammaṃ sudesitaṃ;

Tenamhi caturāpāye, na jāto na kutobhayaṃ.

24.

Karamukkhippa vakkhāmi, karothe kagiraṃ mama;

Mamo pamaṃ karitvāna, dhammaṃ suṇātha sādhukanti.

Evañca pana vatvā satte dhammasavaṇe niyojesīti.

25.

Iti tanutarakālaṃ sādhu dhammaṃ suṇitvā,

Adhigatavibhavānaṃ ānubhāvaṃ suṇitvā;

Bhavavibhavasukhaṃ bho patthayantā kusītaṃ,

Jahatha suṇatha dhammaṃ dullabhaṃ dullabhassāti.

Migaluddakassa vatthuṃ dutiyaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 1 三十一劫之前, 世間生起導師; 具足三十二相, 名為尸棄正覺。 2 如照耀燈樹,如升空日輪; 如須彌山王,正覺具威光。 3 以法船滿載,救護一切眾; 安置輪迴苦,曠野至寂地。 4 高舉法幢旗,敲響法之鼓; 解脫眾生苦,勝者住其處。 5 一時那導師, 世間光明勝者; 正覺樂遠離, 前往美麗林。 6 龍樹及龍眼,各種樹叢生; 藤蔓纏繞枝,具足悅意花。 7 花香醉蜜蜂,六足眾棲息; 種種獸群聚,孔雀群翩舞。 8 清涼水池塘,水岸甚適宜; 瀑布百道流,傾瀉甘露水。 9 他到大森林, 清涼沙地上; 坐于石板上, 放射六色光。 10 諸天來集會,供養兩足尊; 以天界香花,歌舞及音樂。 11 天中天那時,坐于天眾中; 宣說四聖諦,發出悅耳音。 12 那時我是獵人,殺戮鹿與豬; 靠鹿肉為生,養活我妻兒。 13 那時我去打獵, 帶弓箭武器; 見無垢佛陀, 天眾所圍繞。 14 如月被星繞,如立須彌山; 光明而安坐,演說四聖諦。 15 站在一旁處,聽聞無上法; 於此生凈信,表達大歡喜。 16 從此三十一劫, 我所積福德; 以此福業力, 投生於天界。 17 反覆享受福,六慾天界中; 天眾所圍繞,住寶石宮殿。 18 人間諸殊勝,我皆得分享; 我財無缺乏,聞法之果報。 19 於此賢劫中, 最勝舍衛城; 富裕大財家, 我生高貴族。 20 有大眾圍繞,長大具智慧; 遊行時來到,殊勝祇園寺。 21 那時見善逝,與弟子同坐; 聽聞甘美法,開示四聖諦。 22 聽聞甘美法,于教法出家; 證得無老死,最上寂滅界。 23 我聞善說法,僅一剎那間; 由此四惡趣,不生無所懼。 24 我舉手宣說,你們聽我言; 以我為榜樣,善聽妙正法。 如是說已,他勸導眾生聽聞正法。 25 如是短時善聞法, 聽聞獲得福德力; 渴求有生諸福樂, 舍懈怠聞難得法。 獵人的故事第二。

  1. Tiṇṇaṃjanānaṃ vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpasmiṃ kira pubbe mahānidāgho ahosi, tadā nidāghasuriyena sakiraṇakarā vāpi pokkharaṇi nadī girikandaranijjharādīsu udakaṃ nissesaṃ katvā pītamiva udake parikkhīṇe macchakacchapādayo yebhuyyena vināsaṃ pattā. Atha mahāraññabhūmiyaṃ rukkhatiṇalabhādayo atīva milātā ahesuṃ. Migapakkhinopighammābhitattā pipāsito marīciṃ toyantimaññamānā itocitoca dhāvantā mahādukkhappattā ahesuṃ. Tadā eko suvapotako pipāsito tattha tattha pānīyaṃ pariyesanto mahāraññe ekasmiṃ pūtipādape saṭṭhiratane narakāvāṭe pānīyagandhaṃ ghāyitvā lobhena pātuṃ otiṇṇo atipānena bhāro tattheva patitvā uggantuṃ nāsakkhi. Athāparopi sappoca manussocāti dve janā tattheva patiṃsu, sappānāma vivekaṃ laddhāva attaṃ vijahanti. Tasmāyaṃ aladdhā vivekattaṃ uggantuṃ nāsakkhi. Anālambattā manussopi. Te uggantuṃ asakkontā maraṇabhayabhītā aññamañña maviheṭhentā tattheva vasiṃsu. Atheko barāṇasīvāsiko manusso vanaṃ paviṭṭho tatheva pānīyaṃ pariyesamāno taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā te tayopi disvā kampamānahadayo valliyā piṭakaṃ bandhitvā sikkāya pakkhipitvā otāretvā te tayopi uddhari, athānena te amhākaṃ jīvitaṃ dinnanti somanassā tassevamāhaṃsu, sāmi mayaṃ tumhe nissāya jīvitaṃ labhimha, tumhe ito paṭṭhāya amhākaṃ sahāyo, mayampi te sahāyā, amhākaṃ vasanaṭṭhānāni āgantukāmāti vatvā tesu tāva suvapotako āha, sāmi bārāṇasiyaṃ dakkhiṇadvāre mahānigrodho atthi, tatthāhaṃ vasāmi, tava tathārūpe kicce sati mama santikamāgamma suvāti saddaṃkarohīti vatvā mettithiraṃ katvā pakkāmi, sappopi sammāhaṃ tasseva nigrodhassā vidūre mahantaṃ vammikaṃ atthi, tattha vasāmi, tavatthe sati tatthāgantvā dīghātisaddaṃ karohīti vatvā tathevapakkāmi, manussopi bārāṇasiyaṃ asukāyanāma vīthiyā asukagehe vasāmi, tavatthe sati mama santikaṃ āgacchāti vatvā pakkāmi, athā parabhāge so upakārako puriso attano kicce sañjāte mama sahāyānaṃ santikaṃ gamissāmīti saṅketānusārena gantvā nigrodhamūle ṭhito suvassa saddamakāsi, taṃ sutvā suvapotako vegenāgantvā tena saddhiṃ paṭisammoditvāsamma cirenā gatosi, āgatakāraṇaṃ me ācikkhāti āha.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 三個人的故事之緣起 據說從前在閻浮提(印度次大陸)發生了大旱災,那時炎熱的太陽以光線將池塘、湖泊、河流、山洞瀑布等處的水完全吸乾似的。水乾涸后,魚和龜等大多滅亡。於是在大森林中,樹木草葉等都極度枯萎。鹿和鳥等被炎熱所逼,口渴難耐,誤以為海市蜃樓是水,東奔西跑,遭受極大痛苦。 那時有一隻小鸚鵡口渴,到處尋找飲水,在大森林中一棵腐朽的樹下聞到六十肘深的坑洞中有水的味道,因貪慾下去飲水,因飲水過多而沉重,掉在那裡無法爬出。此後又有一條蛇和一個人,這兩個也掉在那裡。蛇若得到安靜就會蛻皮。因此這條蛇因未得安靜而無法爬出。那人因無可攀援也是如此。他們無法爬出,害怕死亡,互不傷害,就住在那裡。 這時有一個波羅奈城(現今印度瓦拉納西)的居民進入森林,同樣在尋找飲水,來到那個地方看到這三位,心中震驚,用藤條編籃子繫上繩子放下去,把這三位救了上來。於是他們因"此人救了我們的性命"而歡喜,對他這樣說:"大德,我們因您而得到生命,從今以後您是我們的朋友,我們也是您的朋友,愿您來到我們的住處。" 其中首先鸚鵡說:"大德,在波羅奈城南門有一棵大榕樹,我住在那裡。當您有任何需要時,來到我這裡發出'鸚鵡'的聲音。"說完建立友誼后離去。蛇也說:"朋友,我住在那同一棵榕樹不遠處的一個大蟻穴中,當您有事時來那裡發出'長呼'的聲音。"說完同樣離去。那人也說:"我住在波羅奈城某條街某戶人家,當您有事時請來找我。"說完離去。 後來那位施恩者有事時想:"我要去見我的朋友們。"便按照約定去到榕樹下發出鸚鵡的聲音。聽到聲音后,小鸚鵡迅速飛來,與他寒暄后說:"朋友,你來得好晚啊,請告訴我你來的原因。"

Sopāha sammāhaṃ jīvitu masakkonto puttadārake ñātīnaṃ paṭipādetvā tava santikamāgatomhiti, suvapotakopi sādhu samma tayā kataṃ mama santikamāgacchantena, tayā mama jīvitaṃ dinnaṃ, mayāpi tava jīvanupāyaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, yāvāhaṃ āgacchāmi, tāvettha thokaṃ vissamāti vatvā pakkāmi jīvanupāyaṃ pariyesamāno, tasmiṃ kira samaye bārāṇasīrājā nagarato nikkhamma susajjituyyānaṃ pavisitvā sapariso kīḷitvā majjhantikasamaye suphullitaṃ pañcapadumasañchanvaṃ maṅgalapokkharaṇiṃ disvā nahāyitukāmo sabbābharaṇāni omuñcitvā rājapurise paṭipādetvā nahāyituṃ otari, tadā suvapotako taṃ ṭhānaṃ patto sākhantare nilīno rājapurisānaṃ pamādaṃ disvā rañño muttāhāraṃ ḍasitvā ākāsaṃ pakkhanditvā vegenāgantvā attano sahāyassa datvā appamatto imaṃ valañjehi sammāti vatvā adāsi, tato so naṃ gahetvā imaṃ kuhiṃ paṭisāmessāmīti cintonto mameko sahāyako antonagare vasati, tasmiṃ ṭhapessāmīti cintetvā yathāsaṅketamupagamma taṃ disvā paṭisanthāraṃ katvā suvapotakena kato pakāraṃ pakāsetvā imaṃ muttāhāraṃ sādhukaṃ ṭhapehīti vatvā adāsi, taṃkhaṇe rājā nahātvānulitto ābharaṇāni pilandhento muttāhāraṃ nāddasa. Tato rājapurisā antoca bahica parijane upaparikkhitvā muttāhāraṃ apassantā nagare bheriṃ carāpesuṃ, yo muttāhāraṃ passati, tassa rājā mahantaṃ yasaṃ dassatīti. Taṃ sutvā so mittadūbhī evaṃ cintesi, ahaṃcamhi dukkhito, yannūnāhaṃ muttāhāraṃ rañño dassetvā sukhena vaseyyaṃ, kimme etenāti tena kataṃ tathārūpaṃ upakāraṃ asallakkhento mahāmittadūbhī puriso rājapurise upasaṅkamma muttahāraṃ attano santike ṭhapitabhāvaṃ kathesi, bho mama santike eko puriso muttahāraṃ ṭhapesīti. Evaṃ asappurisasaṃsaggoti, tathāhi.

1.

Yathā saṃvaḍḍhito nimbo, madhukhīro dasiñcanā;

Na yāti madhuraṃ taṃ vo, pakāra masataṃ kataṃ.

2.

Sīsenu daka mādāya, vaḍḍhitopi nuhītaru;

Na yāti madhuraṃ taṃvo, pakāramasataṃ kataṃ.

3.

Niccaṃ khīrodapānena, vaḍḍhito siviso yathā;

Visaṃva parivatteti, tathā nīcopakārakaṃ.

4.

Yathāttanā kato aggi, sītalaṃ na dade khalu;

Tathā nīce kataṃ kāraṃ, aggīva dahate tanuṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 他說道:"朋友,我無法維持生計,將妻兒託付給親戚後來找你。"小鸚鵡也說:"朋友,你能來找我做得很好。你救了我的命,我也應該為你提供生計方法。在我回來之前,請在這裡稍作休息。"說完就飛走尋找生計方法。 據說那時波羅奈王從城裡出來,進入裝飾精美的園林與隨從遊玩。在正午時分看見開滿五色蓮花的吉祥蓮池,想要沐浴,便摘下所有飾物交給侍從們後下水沐浴。這時小鸚鵡來到那裡,藏在樹枝間看見侍從們疏忽大意,就叼走國王的珍珠項鍊飛上天空,迅速飛回給了自己的朋友,說道:"朋友,請小心使用這個。"說完就給了他。 之後他拿著項鍊思考:"我該把這個放在哪裡呢?"想到:"我有個朋友住在城裡,我要把它放在他那裡。"於是按照約定前往,見到他后寒暄,講述了鸚鵡所做的事情,說道:"請好好保管這條珍珠項鍊。"說完就交給他。 這時國王沐浴抹香戴上飾物時找不到珍珠項鍊。於是侍從們在內外檢查隨從們都找不到項鍊,就在城中敲鑼宣佈:"誰見到珍珠項鍊,國王將賜予他大官職。" 聽到這個,那個背叛朋友的人這樣想:"我很貧困,不如我把珍珠項鍊交給國王,過上安樂的生活。這項鍊對我有什麼用?"他不記念那樣的恩惠,這個大背信棄義的人去見侍從們,告訴他們珍珠項鍊放在自己那裡,說道:"先生們,有人把珍珠項鍊放在我這裡。"這就是與惡人交往的結果。因此: 1 如同培育楝樹,雖以甜乳灌溉; 百次如此對待,終不能變甘甜。 2 雖以頭頂聖水,培育不善之樹; 百次如此對待,終不能變甘甜。 3 如蛇常飲乳水,長養亦復如是; 只會轉生毒素,卑劣者負恩同。 4 如自己生的火,決不能變清涼; 向卑劣者行善,如火般燒自身。

5.

Tasmā upaparikkhitvā, hāvabhāvena buddhiyā;

Kātabbā metti jantūhi, nāmitto labhatesukhanti.

Athassa mittadubhino vacanena rājapurisā muttāhāraṃcataṃca gahetvā sabhaṇḍakaṃ purisaṃ dassesuṃ. Atha rājā sabhaṇḍakaṃ coraṃ disvā kuddho imaṃ netvā dakkhiṇadvāre jīvasūle uttāsethāti āṇāpesi, rājapurisā tassa rājāṇaṃ karonto agamaṃsu, tehi nīyamāno puriso dakkhiṇadvārā nikkhamma sappasahāyaṃ saritvā appevanāme tassa santikā kiñci sotthi bhaveyyāti pubbe vuttasaṅketā nusārena vammikaṃ disvā samma dīghāti saddamakāsi, so vammikā nikkhammataṃ tathā niyamānaṃ disvā saṃviggo dukkhappatto sahāyassame ajja avassayena upatthambhaṃ bhavituṃ vaṭṭatīti taṃ samassāsetvā attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā aññataravesena rājapurise upasaṅkamma imaṃ purisaṃ muhuttaṃmā mārethāti daḷhaṃ vatvā muhuttena rañño aggamahesiyā vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā sappavaṇṇena deviṃ ḍasitvā tāya visena mucchitakāle manussavaṇṇena vajjhappatto visosadhaṃ jānātitī vatvā taṃkhaṇeva sahāyassa santikaṃ gantvā raññā tava pakko sitakāle gantvā udakappasatena deviyā sarīre paharitvā nibbisaṃ karāhīti vatvā pakkāmi, atha rājā visavejja pariyesanto taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā vajjhappattaṃ ānethāti āṇāpetvā deviyā nibbisaṃ karothāti āha, so nāgarājena vuttanayena nibbisamakāsi, sā sukhitā arogā ahosi, rājā taṃ disvā tuṭṭho tassa khettavatthuyānavāhanādidānena mahāsakkāramakāsi, atha so rājānaṃ upasaṅkamma attanā kataṃ sabbaṃ pakāsesi. Tena vuttaṃ.

6.

Ekadāhaṃ mahārāja, vanaṃ kammena kenaci;

Gatoddasaṃ mahāvāṭe, patitaṃ suvapotakaṃ.

7.

Atho ragaṃ manussaṃca;

Dukkhappatte khudāpare;

Ukkhipiṃ karuṇāyāhaṃ;

Te me vocuṃ tadā tayo.

8.

Adāsi jīvamamhākaṃ, upakārosi no tuvaṃ;

Tava kicce samuppanne, amhākaṃ ehi santikaṃ.

9.

Evaṃ tehi pavuttohaṃ, agañchiṃ suvasantikaṃ;

Tena katūpakārohaṃ, manussassāpi santikaṃ.

10.

Tenāhaṃ maraṇappatto, addasaṃ uragādhipaṃ;

Sodāsi jīvitaṃ mayhaṃ, alatthaṃ [aladdha itisabbattha] vipulaṃ dhanaṃ.

11.

Sujano nāvamantabbo, khuddakoti narādhipa;

Suvoca uragocete, mittadhamme patiṭṭhitā.

12.

Kāraṇaññū manusseso,

Amhehi samajātiko;

Katūpakāro evampi,

Diso jāto narādhamo.

13.

Akasmā deva kuppanti, pasīdantinimittato;

Sīlaṃ hetamasādhūnaṃ, bālānamavijānataṃ.

14.

Manussāpi mahārāja, keci vissāsiyā na ve;

Tiracchānāpi honteva, ajimhamanasāsaṭhāti.

Evaṃ so attano pavattiṃ kathesi, rājā taṃ sutvā pasanno imassa purisassa mahantaṃ gehaṃ katvā mahāparihāraṃ karothāti āṇāpesi, so pana mama gehaṃ nigrodhassa ca vammikassa ca antare karothāti vatvā tathā kāretvā tattha vasanto rājūpaṭṭhānaṃ karonto tehi sahāyehi saddhiṃ sammodamāno yāvajīvaṃ vasitvā āyu pariyosāne tehi saddhiṃ yathākammaṃ gatoti.

15.

Iti patitasukhamhā aṅgato vā dhanamhā,

Paramatarapatiṭṭhā honti mittā sakhānaṃ;

Virahitasakhinaṃ bho natthi yasmābhivuddhi,

Ciṇutha kusaladhammaṃ mittavantā mahantaṃ.

Tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ vatthuṃ tatiyaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 5 因此應當以智慧,審察觀察行為; 與人結交友誼時,無友難得安樂。 於是根據這背信棄義者的話,侍從們拿著珍珠項鍊,將他和物品一起帶到國王面前。這時國王看見這帶著贓物的盜賊,發怒下令:"把他帶去南門處活活釘在尖樁上。"侍從們遵照國王的命令列事。當他被帶走時,經過南門,想起蛇朋友,想著"或許從他那裡能得到什麼救助",便按照先前約定看見蟻穴發出"長呼"的聲音。蛇從蟻穴出來,看見他被這樣押走,驚慌痛苦,想:"今天我應該給我的朋友幫助和支援。"於是安慰他,改變形貌,化作他人模樣接近侍從們說:"請暫且不要殺這個人。"說完后片刻間來到國王的第一王妃住處,以蛇形咬了王妃,當她因毒而昏迷時,以人形說:"那個死囚知道解毒藥。"立即去到朋友那裡說:"當國王召你時,你去用一百份水灑在王妃身上使其解毒。"說完就離開了。 這時國王尋找毒藥醫生,聽到這訊息後命令:"把死囚帶來。"說道:"給王妃解毒。"他按照龍王所說的方法解了毒,她恢復安康無恙。國王見此歡喜,以田地、住宅、車乘等賞賜,給予極大榮譽。於是他接近國王,說明了自己所做的一切。因此說: 6 大王我曾一時,因某事入森林; 見在大坑之中,掉落小鸚鵡。 7 還有蛇和一人, 遭受飢渴之苦; 我以慈悲心, 救起這三位。 8 你給予我們生命,你對我們有恩; 當你有事之時,請來我們身邊。 9 他們如是對我說,我去見鸚鵡; 得其相助后我,又去見那人。 10 當我瀕臨死亡,遇見龍王時; 他救了我性命,我獲大財富。 11 君王不應輕視,善人說卑微; 鸚鵡與龍王,皆立友誼法。 12 這個知恩之人, 與我們同等生; 雖受如此恩惠, 卻成卑劣背信者。 13 無故而發怒,因緣而歡喜; 此乃不善人,愚者無知性。 14 大王啊人類中,有些不可信; 畜生中也有,心直不狡詐。 如此他講述了自己的經歷,國王聽后歡喜,命令:"為這個人建造大房子,給予大供養。"他說:"請在榕樹和蟻穴之間為我建房。"如此建好后住在那裡,侍奉國王,與那些朋友和睦相處,終其一生住在那裡,壽命終了后與他們一起隨業而去。 15 如是從墮落或失財, 朋友成為最大依靠; 無友之人無增長, 應與友善修大善法。 三個人的故事第三。

  1. Buddheniyā vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe kira pubbe pāṭaliputtanagare sattāsītīkoṭinihitadhanaṃ ekaṃ seṭṭhikulaṃ ahosi, tassa pana seṭṭhino ekāyeva dhītā ahosi nāmena buddhenināma, tassā sattavassikakāle mātāpitaro kālamakaṃsu, tasmiṃ kule sabbaṃ sāpateyyaṃ tassāyeva ahosi, sā kira abhirūpā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā devaccharapaṭibhāgā piyāca ahosi manāpā, saddhā pasannā ratanattayamāmikā paṭivasati, tasmiṃ pana nagare seṭṭhisenāpatiuparājādayo taṃ attano pādaparicārikaṃ kāmayamānā manusse pesesuṃ paṇṇākārehi saddhiṃ, sā taṃ sutvā cintesi, mayhaṃ mātāpitaro sabbaṃ vibhavaṃ pahāya matā, mayā pana tathā agantabbaṃ, kiṃ me patikulena, kevalaṃ vittavināsāya bhavati, mayā pani maṃ dhanaṃ buddhasāsaneyeva nidahituṃ vaṭṭatīti cintesi, cintetvā ca pana tesaṃ na mayhaṃ patikulenatthoti paṭikkhipi, sā tato paṭṭhāya mahādānaṃ pavattentī samaṇabrahmaṇe santappesi, tenettha.

1.

Catuddisāyātajinatrajānaṃ,

Āpānabhūtaṃ gharamāsi tassā;

Yadicchita ppaccayalābha hetu,

Devaddumovāsi mahānubhāvo.

2.

Pupphūpahārādi vitānalaṅkatā,

Padīpa paññatta subhāsanāvalī;

Sukhāsanāsīna vasīhilaṅkatā,

Tassāsi tasmiṃ varadānasālā.

3.

Sudhotahatthā sucipuññacittā,

Sadādarā rakkhitapañcasīlā;

Buddhenināmā karuṇā guṇaggā,

Adā mahādānavaraṃ pasatthanti.

Athāparabhāge eko assavāṇijako assa-vāṇijjāya pubbantāparantaṃ gacchanto āgamma imissā gehe nivāsaṃ gaṇhi, atha so vāṇijo taṃ disvā dhītusinehaṃ pati ṭṭhā pe tvā gandhamālavatthālaṅkārādīhi tassā upakārako hutvā gamanakāle amma etesu assesu tava ruccanakaṃ assaṃ gaṇhāhīti āha, sāpi asse oloketvā ekaṃ sindhavapotakaṃ disvā etaṃ me dehīti āha, vāṇijo amma eso sindhavapotako, appamattā hutvā paṭijaggāhīti vatvā taṃ paṭipādetvā agamāsi. Sāpi taṃ paṭijaggamānā ākāsagāmibhāvaṃ ñatvā sammā paṭijaggantī evaṃ cintesi, puññakaraṇassa me sahāyo laddhoti, agatapubbāca me bhagavato samāraṃ mārabalaṃ vidhametvā buddhabhūtassa jayamahābodhibhūmi, yannūnāhaṃ tattha gantvā bhagavato jayamahābodhiṃ vandeyyanti cintetvā ba hū rajatasuvaṇṇamālādayo kārāpetvā ekadivasaṃ assa mabhiruyha ākāsena gantvā bodhimālake ṭhatvā āgacchantuayyā suvaṇṇamālā pūjetuṃti ugghosesi. Tenettha.

4.

Yato paṭṭhāyahaṃ buddha, sāsane suddhamānasā;

Pasannā tena saccena, mamānuggahabuddhiyā.

5.

Āgacchantu namassantu, bodhiṃ pūjentu sādhukaṃ;

Soṇṇamālāhi sambuddha, puttā ariyasāvakā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 佛德尼的故事之緣起 據說從前在閻浮提的華氏城(現今印度巴特那),有一個擁有八十七億財富的長者家族。這長者只有一個女兒,名叫佛德尼。她七歲時父母去世,家族所有財產都歸她所有。據說她容貌端正,具有最勝美色,宛如天女,可愛而討人喜歡,有信仰虔誠,皈依三寶而住。那時城中的長者、將軍、副王等人想要她作為侍妾,派人帶著禮物來。她聽后想道:"我的父母捨棄一切財富而死,我也應該如此。夫家對我有什麼用?那隻會導致財富損失。我應該把我的財富儲存在佛陀教法中。"想完后就回絕他們說:"我不需要夫家。"從那時起,她廣行大布施,供養沙門婆羅門。因此: 1 四方如來子眾來, 她家成為飲食處; 為求所需資具故, 如大威德天意樹。 2 花鬘等物作頂蓋, 燈光照耀美座列; 具德者坐安樂座, 殊勝佈施堂莊嚴。 3 手潔凈心具福德, 恭敬持守五戒律; 佛德尼名悲德最, 佈施廣大受稱讚。 後來有一個馬商人做馬匹買賣,從東方到西方,來到她家住宿。這商人見到她後生起對女兒的愛護,以香、花鬘、衣服、裝飾品等幫助她。臨走時說:"女兒,這些馬中你喜歡哪匹就拿去。"她看了馬後,看中一匹信度馬駒說:"請把這匹給我。"商人說:"女兒,這是信度馬駒,請小心照顧。"說完交給她就走了。她照顧它時知道它能飛行,好好照料它時這樣想:"我得到了一個行善的助手。我還沒去過世尊降伏魔羅魔軍成佛的大菩提聖地,不如我去那裡禮拜世尊的勝大菩提。"想完后讓人制作許多銀金花鬘等,一天騎上馬,乘空而行,站在菩提院中高聲說:"請聖者們前來,我要供養金花鬘。"因此: 4 從我于佛教,心凈起信時; 以此真實力,愿慈悲攝受。 5 愿聖眾前來,禮敬善供養; 以金花鬘獻,正覺聖弟子。

6.

Sutvā taṃ vacanaṃ ayyā, bahū sīhaḷavāsino;

Āgamma nabhasā tattha, vandiṃ suca mahiṃsucāti.

Tato ppatuti sā kumārikā buddhasāsane atīva pasannā niccameva assa mabhiruyha āgantvā ariyehi saddhiṃ mahābodhiṃ suvaṇṇamālāhi pūjetvā gacchati, atha pāṭaliputtanagaropavane vanacarā tassā abhiṇhaṃ gacchantiyā ca āgacchantiyā ca rūpasampattiṃ disvā rañño kathesuṃ. Mahārāja evarūpā kumārikā assa mabhiruyha āgantvā nibaddhaṃ vanditvā gacchati. Devassānurūpā aggamahesī bhavitunti, rā jā taṃ sutvā tenahi bhaṇe gaṇhatha naṃ kumāriṃ, mama aggamahesiṃ karomīti purise payojesi, tena payuttapurisā bodhipūjaṃ katvā āgacchantiṃ gaṇhāmāti tattha nilīnā gahaṇasajjā aṭṭhaṃsu, tadā sā kumārikā assa mabhiruyha mahābodhimaṇḍaṃ gantvā vītarogehi saddhiṃ pupphapūjaṃ katvā vanditvā nivatti, atha tesu eko dhammarakkhita ttheronāma tassā eva māha, bhagini taṃ antarāmagge corā gaṇhitukāmā ṭhitā, asukaṭṭhānaṃ patvā appamattā sīghaṃ gacchāti, sāpi gacchantī taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā corehi anubandhitā assassa paṇhiyā saññaṃ datvā pakkāmi, corā pacchato pacchato anubandhiṃsu. Asso vegaṃ ja ne tvā ākāsa mullaṅghi, kumārikā vegaṃ sandhāretuṃ asakkontī assassa piṭṭhito parigalitvā patantī mayā katūpakāraṃ sara puttāti āha, so patantiṃ disvā vegenā gantvā piṭṭhiyaṃ nisīdāpetvā ākāsato netvā sa ka ṭṭhā ne yeva patiṭṭhāpesi. Tasmā.

7.

Tiracchānagatāpevaṃ, sarantā upakārakaṃ;

Na jahantīti mantvāna, kataññū hontu pāṇinoti.

Tato sā kumārikā sattā sītikoṭidhanaṃ buddhasāsaneyeva cajitvā yāvajīvaṃ sīlaṃ rakkhitvā uposathakammaṃ ka tvā ta to cutā sutta ppabuddho viya devaloke nibbattīti.

8.

Atitaruṇavayā bho mātugāmāpi evaṃ,

Vividhakusalakammaṃ katva saggaṃ vajanti;

Kusalaphalamahantaṃ maññamānā bhavantā,

Bhavatha katha mupekkhā dānamānādikamme.

Buddheniyā vatthuṃ catutthaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 6 聽聞此言諸聖者,眾多僧伽羅住者; 乘空而來到此處,禮敬大地聖蹟處。 從那時起,這位少女對佛教法深生信仰,經常騎馬來此,與聖者們一起用金花鬘供養大菩提樹后離去。這時華氏城郊林中的林官看見她經常來往的美麗容貌,向國王報告說:"大王,如此美麗的少女騎馬來此,常來禮拜后離去。她適合作為陛下的第一王妃。"國王聽后說:"那麼你們去抓住這位少女,我要立她為第一王妃。"派遣了手下。那些被派遣的人準備在她做完菩提供養回來時抓她,埋伏待機而立。 那時少女騎馬來到大菩提院,與離垢者們一起做花供養禮拜后返回。這時其中一位名叫法護的長老對她說:"妹妹,在路上有盜賊想要抓你,到了某處要小心快速通過。"她繼續前行,到了那個地方時被盜賊追趕,便向馬的後跟發出訊號離去,盜賊在後面追趕。馬加快速度騰空而起,少女無法承受速度從馬背上滑落下來,喊道:"孩子請記得我對你的恩惠!"馬看見她墜落,迅速前去讓她坐在背上,從空中帶她回到原處安置她。因此: 7 畜生尚且如此,remembering恩惠; 不相棄捨者,眾生應知恩。 此後這位少女將八十七億財富全部舍施於佛教法中,終身持戒修持布薩功德,命終后如從睡夢醒來般投生天界。 8 啊!如是年輕女子眾, 修習種種善業后; 知善果大昇天去, 汝等何故舍施等。 佛德尼的故事第四。

  1. Ahituṇḍikassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Imasmiṃ kira bhaddakappamhi amhākaṃ kira bhagavato pubbe kassaponāma satthā loke uppajjitvā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ saṃsārasāgarā tāretvā sabbabuddhakiccāni niṭṭhapetvā atthaṃ gato divasakaroviya setabyamhi anupādisesāya nibbāṇadhātuyā parinibbāyi, tadā sakalajambudīpavāsino manussā sannipatitvā ekekaṃ suvaṇṇiṭṭhakaṃ koṭiagghanakaṃ ratanavicittaṃ bahicinanatthāya ekekaṃ aḍḍhakoṭiagghanakaṃ abbhantarūpapūraṇatthaṃ manosilāya mattikākiccaṃ karontā yojanabbedhaṃ thūpaṃ katvā mahantaṃ sakkāraṃ karonti. Tadā eko ahituṇḍiko gāmanigamarājadhānīsu sappe kīḷāpetvā jīvikaṃ kappento ekaṃ gāmakaṃ patvā tattha sappe kīḷāpetvā santuṭṭhehi gāmavāsīhi dinnavividhopāyano khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ khā di tvā bhuñjitvā tattheva nivāsaṃ gahetvā nisīdi. Tasmiṃ kira gāmake manussā yebhuyyena ratanattayamāmakā. Tasmā te rattibhāge sayantā 『『namo buddhāyāti』』 evamādiṃ vadanti. So pana ahituṇḍiko micchādiṭṭhiko tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇaṃ na jānāti. Tasmā tesaṃ taṃ vacanaṃ sutvā sayampi ke ḷiṃ kurumāno parihāsavasena 『『namo buddhāyāti』』 vadati, athekadivasaṃ so attano kīḷāpanasamatthaṃ ekaṃ sappaṃ bhattha tattha pariyesamāno āhiṇḍati. Tadā eko nāgarājā kassapadasabalassa thū paṃ ga ntvā vanditvā ekaṃ vammikaṃ pavisati. Taṃ di svā ahituṇḍiko vegenā gantvā nāgarājaṃ gaṇhituṃ mantaṃ parijapi, so mantaṃ sutvā kujjhitvā taṃ māretukāmo anubandhi, taṃ di svā ahituṇḍiko ve ge na palāyanto ekasmiṃ pāsāṇe pakkhalitvā patamāno pubbevuttaparihāsa vacanaparicayena 『『namo buddhāyāti』』 vadanto pati. Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ anubandhantassa nāgarañño sotapathe amataṃviya pati. Atha so ratanattayagāravena tasmiṃ kodhaṃ nibbāpetvā samma mā bhāyi. Ahaṃ ratanattayamantānubhāvapāsena baddho. Tasmā tu vaṃ ḍasituṃ mayhaṃ ananurūpaṃ. Ajja ta yi pasannomhi, paṇṇākāraṃ tedammi, gaṇhāti tīṇi suvaṇṇapupphāni adāsi. Evaṃ ratanattayaṃ nāma ghorāsivisānampi sappānaṃ manaṃ pīṇeti. Honti cettha.

1.

Buddhoti vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, buddhoti pada muttamaṃ;

Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.

2.

Dhammotivacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, dhammoti padamuttamaṃ;

Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.

3.

Saṅghoti vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, saṅghoti padamuttamaṃ;

Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.

4.

Tassa mukhaṃ mukhaṃ nāma, yaṃ vattati mukhe sadā;

Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.

5.

Tassa mano mano nāma, yaṃ ce manasi vattati;

Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.

6.

Tameva kavacaṃ dehe, tameva maṇi kāmado;

Tameva surabhī dhenu, tameva surapādapo.

7.

Tasseva sotaṃ sotaṃva, yaṃ suṇāti jano ayaṃ

Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.

8.

Evaṃ vidho rago ghoro, haḷāhaḷaviso sadā;

Buddhoti vacanaṃ sutvā, santuṭṭho dāsi jīvitaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 弄蛇者的故事之緣起 據說在這賢劫中,在我們世尊之前,有一位名叫迦葉的導師出現於世,度脫天人世間越過輪迴大海,完成一切佛陀事業后寂滅,如日輪沉落,在賽特比城(Setabya)中入無餘涅槃界。那時全閻浮提的居民聚集,每人貢獻價值一億的黃金磚,裝飾寶物用於外層,價值半億的用於內部填充,以硃砂泥作泥工,建造一由旬高的佛塔,作大供養。 那時有一個弄蛇者在村鎮王城中表演蛇戲謀生,來到一個村子,在那裡表演蛇戲后,收到滿意的村民贈送的各種食物飲品,吃喝后就在那裡住下。據說那個村子的人們大多皈依三寶。因此他們夜晚睡覺時都說"禮敬佛陀"等語。但這個弄蛇者是邪見者,不知三寶功德。因此聽到他們這些話后,自己也開玩笑似地說"禮敬佛陀"。 有一天,他在尋找一條能表演的蛇時四處遊蕩。這時有一條龍王去禮拜迦葉佛塔後進入一個蟻穴。弄蛇者看見后快速前去,唸咒想抓龍王。龍王聽到咒語后發怒想要殺他而追趕。弄蛇者看見后快速逃跑,在一塊石頭上滑倒時,因先前開玩笑習慣而喊道"禮敬佛陀"而摔倒。 這話落入追趕的龍王耳中如甘露一般。於是他因對三寶的敬重平息對他的憤怒說:"朋友不要害怕。我被三寶咒語力量的繩索束縛。因此咬你於我不合適。今天我對你生信,給你禮物,請收下。"給了他三朵金花。如是三寶之名even連可怕毒蛇的心也能令其歡喜。這裡有: 1 佛陀之語最殊勝,佛陀之名最無上; 世間再無其他聲,能與此聲同甘美。 2 正法之語最殊勝,正法之名最無上; 世間再無其他聲,能與此聲同甘美。 3 僧伽之語最殊勝,僧伽之名最無上; 世間再無其他聲,能與此聲同甘美。 4 其口實為真正口,常在口中所誦唸; 難得佛陀之聖言,能賜一切諸成就。 5 其心實為真正心,若能安住意念中; 難得佛陀之聖言,能賜一切諸成就。 6 此即身上之鎧甲,此即如意之寶珠; 此即如意之母牛,此即天界之寶樹。 7 其耳實為真正耳,此人所聽聞之聲; 難得佛陀之聖言,能賜一切諸成就。 8 如是可怕龍蛇類,常具劇毒哈拉哈; 聽聞佛陀之聖名,歡喜施予其生命。

9.

Soṇṇapupphattayaṃcāpi, mahagghaṃ bahalaṃ adā;

Passa buddhoti vācāya, ānubhāvamahantatanti.

Atha nāgarājā tassa tāni suvaṇṇapupphāni datvā evamāha. Samma etesu ekaṃ tava puññattāya ekaṃ mama puññatthāya pūjehi. Itarena yāvajīvaṃ sukhena jīvanto puttadāre posento dānādīsu appamajjanto jīvikaṃ kappehi. Mā hīnakamme byavaṭo hohi, micchādiṭṭhiñca pajahāti ovaditvā pakkāmi. Ahituṇḍikopi somanassappatto tena vuttanayeneva dvihi pupphehi cetiyaṃ pūjetvā ekena sa ha ssaṃ labhitvā te na puttadāre posento kapaṇaddhikavaṇibbakādīnaṃ dānaṃ dento ahituṇḍikakammaṃ pahāha kusalameva upacinanto āyupariyosāne saggaparāyano ahosi.

10.

Iti aviditasatto kiñci buddhānubhāvaṃ,

Labhati dhanavisesaṃ yassa nāmappakāsā;

Viditajananikāyo kinnu tassānubhāvaṃ,

Na lapati jinanāmaṃ kicca maññappahāyāti.

Ahituṇḍikassa vatthuṃ pañcamaṃ.

  1. Saraṇattherassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Sāvatthiyaṃ kira sumano nāme ko gahapati ahosi. Tassa bhariyā sujampatikā nāma. Te agāraṃ ajjhāvasantā aparabhāge puttaṃca dhītaraṃca labhiṃsu. Atha tesaṃ daharakāleyeva mātāpitaro kālaṃ karontā jeṭṭhakaṃpakkositvā mayaṃ putta tuvaṃ patirūpe ṭhāne nivesituṃ nāsakkhimha, yaṃ no ghare vibhavaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ gaṇha. Imāyaca te kaṇiṭṭhikāya vuddhiṃtvameva jānāhīti vatvā jeṭṭhakassa hatthe kaṇiṭṭhikāya hatthaṃ ṭhapetvā kālamakaṃsu. Atha so mātāpitunnaṃ accayena āḷāhanakiccaṃ katvā vasanto kālantarena kaṇiṭṭhikaṃ patirūpena kulena sambandhitvā sayampi dārapariggahamakāsi. Athāparabhāge tassa kaṇiṭṭhikā gabbhinī hutvā ekadivasaṃ sāmikaṃ āha, sāmi mama bhātaraṃ daṭṭhukāmāmhīti. Sopi sādhu bhaddeti anurūpena paṇṇākārena tāya saddhiṃ nikkhami. Tadā pana bhagavā sunivattho supāruto bhikkhusaṅghaparivuso piṇḍāya nagaraṃ pāvisi chabbaṇṇaghanabuddharaṃsiyo vissajjento, ta to te bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannacittā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā aṭṭhaṃsu, atha sattā tesaṃ jayampatikānaṃ upanissayasampattiṃdisvā te saraṇesuca sīlesuca patiṭṭhāpetvā evamāha, kadāci vo dukkhe uppanne tathāgato anussaritabboti. Tathāhi.

1.

Yaṃkiñci bhayamuppannaṃ, rājacorādisambhavaṃ;

Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchantota dupaddavaṃ.

2.

Yaṃ ve upaddavaṃ hoti, yakkhapetā disambhavaṃ;

Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.

3.

Sīhabyagghataracchādi, puṇḍarīkādisambhavaṃ;

Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.

4.

Yamātapaggi vātādi, udakāsanisambhavaṃ;

Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.

5.

Pajjarādīhi rogehi, visamo tuhisambhavaṃ;

Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 9 並賜三朵金花妙,價值珍貴且厚重; 請看"佛陀"此言語,威力廣大不可量。 於是龍王給他這些金花后這樣說:"朋友,這些金花中一朵為你積福,一朵為我積福供養。用另一朵終身快樂生活,養活妻兒,不要懈怠佈施等善行。不要從事卑賤行業,也要捨棄邪見。"教誡后離去。弄蛇者歡喜,按照他所說用兩朵花供養佛塔,用一朵得到一千金錢,用它養活妻兒,對貧窮、流浪者等佈施,捨棄弄蛇行業,只積累善業,壽終后往生天界。 10 如是不知實相者,略知佛陀威神力, 僅因名號顯揚時,即得殊勝諸財富; 眾人若知其威力,捨棄諸事唱佛名。 弄蛇者的故事第五。 歸依長老的故事之緣起 據說在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦)有一個名叫須摩那的居士。他的妻子名叫善夫婦。他們住在家中,後來得到一子一女。後來他們年幼時父母臨終,叫來長子說:"兒子,我們沒能讓你安置在適當的地方。我們家裡的財產,你全部拿去。你要負責照顧你這個妹妹的成長。"說完把妹妹的手放在長子手中就去世了。 於是他在父母去世后舉行火化儀式,過了一段時間后,為妹妹尋找合適的家族聯姻,自己也娶妻。後來他的妹妹懷孕,有一天對丈夫說:"夫君,我想見我的哥哥。"他也說:"好的,賢妻。"帶著適當的禮物與她一同出發。 那時世尊穿著整齊,披著袈裟,比丘僧眾圍繞著去城中托缽,放出六色密集佛光。於是他們看見世尊後心生歡喜,以五體投地禮拜而立。這時世尊看見這對夫婦具有善緣,使他們安住在歸依和戒律中說道:"當你們遇到苦難時,應當憶念如來。"因此: 1 若有任何恐懼起,由王賊等所生起; 應當憶念正等覺,災禍自會得消除。 2 若有災禍生起時,由夜叉餓鬼生起; 應當憶念正等覺,災禍自會得消除。 3 獅虎熊豹等野獸,白象等獸所生起; 應當憶念正等覺,災禍自會得消除。 4 日照火風等因緣,水雷等難所生起; 應當憶念正等覺,災禍自會得消除。 5 熱病等諸疾病苦,毒藥刀兵所生起; 應當憶念正等覺,災禍自會得消除。

6.

Maccunā ce yadā yuddhaṃ, kare tenāpi jantunā;

Saritabbo tadā buddho, patthentenattano jayanti.

Tato te bhagavato vacanaṃ paṭinanditvā vanditvā agamaṃsu. Atha jeṭṭhako āgate te disvā yathānurūpaṃ sakkāra makāsi. Tassā sāmiko katipāhaṃ tattha vasitvā bhariyaṃ jeṭṭhakassa paṭipādetvā mama gāme kiccaṃ atthīti vatvā pakkāmi. Athassā bhātā bhariyaṃ pakkositvā āha bhadde imissā sabbaṃ kattabbaṃ karohīti. Sā tato paṭṭhāya tassā udakanna pānā dinā veyyāvaccaṃ kurumānā etissā hatthapādagīvūpagesu ābharaṇesu lobhaṃ uppādetvā taṃ vūpasametuṃ asakkontī āhārū pacchedaṃ katvā gilānāviya mañcakaṃ upagūhitvā nipati. Atha so gehaṃ gantvā taṃ tathā sayitaṃ disvā mañcake nisinno kiṃ bhadde aphāsukanti pucchi, sā tuṇhī hutvā katipayavāre pucchitā na sakkā kathetunti āha. Puna sāmikena gāḷhaṃ nibandhite sā cintesi, ujukaṃ mayā tassā piḷandhanaṃ patthemīti vutte na ppatirupaṃ, tassā pañcamadhura maṃsaṃ patthemīti vutte taṃ māressati, tadā piḷandhanāni mayhamevāti, tato sāmi tava kaṇiṭṭhikāya pañcamadhuramaṃsaṃ patthemi, alabhamānāya me jīvitaṃ natthīti āha, taṃ sutvā so anekapariyāyena manussamāraṇaṃ nāma bhāriyanti vatvā nivārentopi nivāretuṃ nāsakkhi, atha tāya paṭibaddhacitto kāmamucchito mohamūḷho hutvā sādhu labhissasīti tassā vacanaṃ sampaṭicchi. Tathāhi.

7.

Hāyanti idhalokatthā, hāyanti pāralokikā;

Hāyanti mahatā atthā, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.

8.

Esā mātā pitā eso, bhaginī bhātaro ime;

Garutabbe na jānanti, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.

9.

Kāraṇākāraṇantetaṃ, kattabbaṃvā na vā idaṃ;

Kāmandhattā na jānanti, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.

10.

Pāṇaṃ vā atipātenti, honti vā pāradārikā;

Bhāsanti alikaṃ vācaṃ, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.

11.

Sandhicchedādikaṃ theyyaṃ, majjapānaṃca pesunaṃ;

Karonti sāhasaṃ sabbaṃ, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 6 若與死神作戰時,生命與其相搏鬥; 應當憶念佛世尊,希求自己得勝利。 之後他們歡喜世尊的話,禮拜后離去。長兄看見他們到來后做了適當的供養。她的丈夫在那裡住了幾天後,把妻子託付給長兄說:"我村裡有事。"就離開了。這時她的哥哥叫來妻子說:"賢妻,要為她做一切該做的事。"從那時起,她為妹妹做飲水等服侍時,對她手腳頸部的飾品生起貪慾,無法平息,就斷絕飲食,裝病躺在床上。 這時丈夫回家看見她這樣躺著,坐在床邊問:"賢妻,你不舒服嗎?"她保持沉默,問了幾次后說:"不能說。"丈夫再三追問后,她想:"如果我直接說想要她的飾品不合適,如果說想要她的五種甜肉,他會殺她,那時飾品就是我的了。"於是說:"夫君,我想要你妹妹的五種甜肉,得不到我就活不下去了。"聽到這話,他用各種方式說殺人是重罪,雖然勸阻但無法阻止。這時他被對她的愛情繫縛,被慾望迷醉,被愚癡迷惑,說:"好,你會得到的。"答應了她的話。因此: 7 失去此世利益事,失去來世利益事; 失去廣大利益事,落入女人掌控者。 8 此是母亦是父親,姐妹兄弟皆在此; 不知應當尊重誰,落入女人掌控者。 9 是因或是非因緣,此事應做不應做; 因欲盲目不能知,落入女人掌控者。 10 或是殺害眾生命,或是侵犯他人妻; 或說虛妄不實言,落入女人掌控者。 11 入室盜竊等偷盜,飲酒兩舌挑撥離; 作盡一切暴行事,落入女人掌控者。

12.

Aho acchariyaṃ loke, sarantānaṃ bhayā vahaṃ;

Bhariyāya vasaṃ gantvā, sodariṃhantumicchatīti.

Atha so sāhasiko puriso bhagini eva māha, ehi amma amhākaṃ mātāpitunnaṃ iṇaṃ sādhessāma, appevanāma no disvā iṇāyikā iṇaṃ dassantīti, taṃ sutvā tāya sampaṭicchite sukhayānake nisīdāpetvā iṇāyikānaṃ gāmaṃ gacchanto viya mahāaṭaviṃpatvā yānaṃ maggā okkamma ṭhapetvā viravantimeva naṃ hatthe gahetvā chindissāmīti cintetvā kese gahetvā bhūmiyaṃ pātesi, tasmiṃ khaṇe tassā kammajavātā caliṃsu. Sā bhātulajjāya sāmi kammajavātā me caliṃsu, yā vā haṃ vijāyāmi, tāva upadhārehīti vadantīpi apanetuṃ asakkontī puttaṃ vijāyi, atha so taṃ samīpe vaṭarukkhamūle māressāmīti cikure gahetvā ākaḍḍhi, tasmiṃ kāle sā sāmi tava bhāgineyyassa mukhaṃ oloketvā tassa sinehenāpi maṃ na mārehīti vadantī yāci, atha so kakkhaḷo tassā taṃ kāruṇikavacanaṃ asuṇanto viya māretuṃ ussahateva, tato sā kumārikā attano asaraṇā cintesi, mama saddenā gantvā yo koci mama bhātu anayaṃ kareyya, taṃ na ppatirūpanti bhātusinehena nissaddā attanā gatitasaraṇaṃ āvajjamānā nipajji, athassā bhā ta ri mettānubhāvenaca anussaritasaraṇānubhāvenaca tasmiṃ nigrodhe adhivatthā devatā evarūpo mātugāmo ettha māritā abhavissā, addhāhaṃ devasamāgamaṃ pavisituṃ na labhissāmīti cintetvā etissā sā mi ko viya taṃ ta jje tvā palāpetvā tvaṃ mā bhāyīti samassāsetvā yā na ke sa pu ttaṃ kumāriṃ nisīdāpetvā taṃ divasameva sāvatthimāgamma antonagare sā lā ya naṃ nipajjāpetvā antaradhāyi. Tathāhi.

13.

Sabbasampattidātāraṃ, sabbalokekanāyakaṃ;

Manasāpi yo vibhāveti, taṃ ve pālenti devatā.

14.

Muhuttampica yo mettaṃ, bhāveti yadi sādhukaṃ;

Taṃ ve pālenti devāpi, tosayanti upāyanāti.

Tato tassā pana sāmiko nagarā nikkhamma gacchanto attano bhariyaṃ disvā tvaṃ kadā āgatā, kenānītāsīti pucchi. Sā devatāya ānītabhāvaṃ ajānantī kiṃ tvaṃ bhaṇasi, nanu tayā ānītāmhīti, sopi kiṃbhoti bhaṇasi, tava bhātugāme diṭṭhakālato ppatuti ajja cattāro māsā jātā, ettakaṃ kālaṃ tvaṃ na diṭṭhapubbā, kathaṃ tvaṃ mayā saddhiṃāgatāti pucchi. Sā taṃ sutvā tenahi māññassa imaṃ rahassaṃ kathehi sāmīti vatvā bhā ta rā attano kataṃ sabbaṃ vitthārena kathesi. Taṃ sutvā tassa sāmiko saṃviggo bhayappatto hutvā taṃ attano gehaṃ pāpesi, tato katipāhaṃ tāya vissamite te ubhopi satthāraṃ nimantetvā mahādānaṃ datvā vanditvā ekamante nisīdiṃsu, atha sā bhagavato saraṇasīlānubhāvena attano jīvitapaṭilābhaṃ pakāsetvā attano puttaṃ bhagavantaṃ vandāpetvā saraṇotināmamakaṃsu, satthā te saṃ ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvā tadanurūpaṃ dhammaṃ desesi, desanāvasāne ubhopi sotāpannā ahesuṃ, athassā putto saraṇakumāro vīsatime vasse buddhasāsane pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patto saraṇattheronāma paññāyīti.

15.

Khaṇamapi manasevaṃ devadevaṃ sarantā,

Paramatarapatiṭṭhaṃ pāpuṇantīti mantvā;

Bhavagati guṇarāsiṃ jānamānā janā bho;

Bhajatha saraṇasīlaṃ sabbathā sabbakālanti.

Saraṇattherassa vatthuṃ chaṭṭhamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 12 啊!世間真稀有,憶念者生畏懼; 隨順妻子意願,欲殺親生妹妹。 於是這暴虐的人對妹妹說:"來吧女兒,我們去向父母的債主討債,或許他們見了我們會還債。"聽到這話她同意后,讓她坐在舒適的車上,假裝往債主村莊去,到了大森林后,將車從路上轉開停下,想著要抓住她大聲喊叫的手來砍,抓住她的頭髮將她推倒在地。這時她的分娩之風動起。她因對哥哥的羞愧說:"夫君,我的分娩之風起了,請等我生產完。"雖然這樣說也無法推遲,生下了兒子。這時他要在附近的榕樹下殺她,抓著她的頭髮拖行。這時她說:"夫君,請看看你外甥的面容,看在對他的愛憐上不要殺我。"懇求道。但他殘酷無情,像沒聽見她悲憫的話一樣執意要殺她。 這時少女想到自己無人依靠:"如果我喊叫,有人去傷害我哥哥就不好了。"因為對哥哥的愛而保持沉默,躺著憶念自己所皈依的對象。這時因她對哥哥的慈心力量和所憶念的皈依力量,住在這榕樹中的神祇想:"如果這樣的女子在這裡被殺,我一定無法進入天眾集會。"想著就化作她丈夫的樣子恐嚇他使他逃跑,安慰她說:"你不要怕。"讓母子坐上車,當天就來到舍衛城,讓她躺在城內一座房子里就消失了。因此: 13 能賜一切成就者,一切世間唯一導; 若人心中能明瞭,諸天神眾護佑他。 14 縱使片刻修慈心,若能善加以修習; 諸天神眾護佑他,歡喜供養獻禮物。 之後她的丈夫從城裡出來時看見自己的妻子問:"你什麼時候來的?誰帶你來的?"她不知是神明帶來的說:"你說什麼?不是你帶我來的嗎?"他說:"你說什麼?從在你哥哥村裡見你起已經過了四個月。這麼長時間沒見過你,你怎麼會和我一起來?"她聽后說:"那麼夫君,不要對別人說這秘密。"然後詳細講述了哥哥對她做的一切。 聽到這些,她的丈夫驚恐害怕,把她帶回自己家。幾天後她休息好了,他們倆邀請佛陀,做大布施,禮拜後坐在一旁。這時她說明因佛陀的皈依戒律威力而得回生命,讓自己的兒子禮拜佛陀,取名為"皈依"。佛陀知道他們的意向后隨順說法,說法結束時兩人都證得預流果。後來她的兒子皈依童子二十歲時在佛教中出家,增長觀智,證得阿羅漢果,被稱為皈依長老。 15 剎那心中如是憶念天中天, 思維能得最上依止處; 了知輪迴功德蘊眾生啊, 一切時中皈依持戒行。 皈依長老的故事第六。

  1. Vessāmittāya vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe kira kosambinagare kosambirañño vessāmittānāma aggamahesī ahosi. Tadā bhagavā kosambiyaṃ paṭivasati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ cārikaṃ caramāno. Tasmiṃ samaye sā raññā saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā anopamāya buddhalīḷāya madhurena sarena desentassa bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā pasannā saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya buddhamāmikā hutvā viharati. Athā parabhāge tassa rañño rajjatthāya paccantarājā yuddhasajjo rajjaṃ vā detu, yuddhaṃvāti paṇṇaṃ pahiṇi. Taṃ sutvā rājā mahatiyā senāya parivuto yuddhabhūmiṃ gacchanto mahesiyā saddhiṃ gantvā khandhāvāraṃ nivāsetvā tassā evamāha. Bhadde saṅgāmasīse jayaparājayo nāma na sakkā viññātuṃ. Sace me parājayo abhavissa, puretarameva rattapatākaṃ ussāpessāmi, tena abhiññāṇena tvaṃ kosambimeva gacchāhīti anusāsitvā saṅgāma maṇḍalaṃ gantvā mahāraṇaṃ karonto attano parājayabhāvaṃ ñatvā mātugāmaṃ saritvā rattaddhajaṃ ussāpetvā yujjhanto raṇe pati. Atha sā rattapatākaṃ disvā parājito nūna me sāmikoti bhayena palāyitumārabhi. Atha taṃ corarañño manussā disvā nūnāyaṃ rañño aggamahesīti ñatvā attano rājānaṃ dassesuṃ, rājā taṃ disvā paṭibaddhacitto mametaṃ abhisekaṃ karothāti amacce āṇāpesi. Amaccā taṃ abhisekatthāya yāciṃsu, sā na me bhaṇe abhisekenatthoti na icchi. Amaccā tamatthaṃ rañño ārocesuṃ. Rājā naṃ pakkosāpetvā kasmā na icchasīti pucchi. Sā evamāha.

1.

Suṇohi sādhukaṃ deva, bhāsamānāya me vaco;

Bhattā mayhaṃ mato ajja, sabbasampattidāyako.

2.

Katvāna sobhisekaṃ maṃ, attano hadayaṃ viya;

Pāleti taṃ sarantassā, sokaggi dahate manaṃ.

3.

Mahārāja sacaññassa, assa maggamahesikā;

Tamhā dukkhā na muccāmi, tenāhaṃ taṃ na patthaye.

4.

Sokagginā padittāhaṃ, soke sokaṃ kathaṃ khipe;

Jalantaggimhī ko nāma, palālaṃ pakkhipe budho.

5.

Piyavippayogadukkhaṃ, taṃ cintayantī punappunaṃ;

Tamhā dukkhā na muccāmi, tasmāhaṃ taṃ na patthayeti.

Taṃ sutvā rājā kodhenābhibhūto sace nābhisiñcissasi, aggimhi taṃ pakkhipissāmīti vatvā mahantaṃ dārucitakaṃ kārāpetvā aggiṃ datvā ekapajjote jāte etta pavisāti āha. Atha sā yācantī rājānaṃ āha.

6.

Pāpo nippāpinaṃ rāja, pātanaṃ khalu pāvake;

Hoti pāpaphalaṃ tassa, paccatteca paratthaca.

7.

Purātanehi bhūpāla, samaṇabrahmaṇesuca;

Mātāpitusu bālesu, rogenā turaitthisu;

Nappasattho vadho deva, tasmāhaṃ na vadhārahāti.

Taṃ sutvāpi rājā asaddahanto manusse āṇāpesi. Etāya hatthapāde gahetvā aggimhi pakkhipathāti te tathā kariṃsu, atha sā aggimhi pakkhipamānā natthettha me koci paṭisaraṇoti saraṇameva saraṇaṃ karomīti cintetvā 『『buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti』』 vadantī manasāca anussarantī aggimhi pati, tathāvidhopi aggi tassā sarīre lomakūpamattampi uṇhākāraṃ kātuṃ nāsakkhi. Padumagabbhaṃ paviṭṭhā viya sītibhūtasarīrā ahosi. Rājā taṃ acchariyaṃ disvā saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto vegena taṃ upasaṅkamitvā ubhohi hatthehi paggayha ure nipajjāpetvā rājāsane nisīdāpetvā añjaliṃ gaggayha ṭhito kasmā te taṃ aggi sarīraṃ mā paridahīti pucchi. Sā taṃ kāraṇaṃ kathentī eva māha.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 吠舍蜜多的故事之緣起 據說在閻浮提的憍賞彌城(現今印度北方邦阿拉哈巴德),有憍賞彌王的第一王妃名叫吠舍蜜多。那時世尊與大比丘僧團一起遊行到憍賞彌住下。這時她與國王一起去精舍,聽聞世尊以無比莊嚴、甜美聲音說法,生起信心,安住于皈依,成為佛陀的信徒而住。 後來邊境國王為奪取他的王位,整軍備戰發信說:"要麼給我王位,要麼開戰。"聽到這訊息,國王率領大軍前往戰場,與王妃一起到達后安營紮寨,對她這樣說:"賢妻,戰場上勝負難料。如果我戰敗,會先豎起紅旗,你看到這個標記就回憍賞彌。"教導後進入戰場,在激烈戰鬥中知道自己戰敗,想起女人,豎起紅旗繼續戰鬥直到戰死。 這時她看見紅旗想:"我的夫君一定戰敗了",害怕地開始逃跑。這時盜賊王的手下看見她,知道她是第一王妃就帶去見他們的國王。國王看見她生起愛戀,命令大臣:"為我給她灌頂。"大臣請求她接受灌頂,她說:"大人,我不需要灌頂。"不願意。大臣把這事告訴國王。國王叫她來問:"為什麼不願意?"她這樣說: 1 請仔細聽我說,大王我所言; 今日我夫君亡,賜我一切成就。 2 為我作灌頂禮,如自己的心意; 憶念他照顧我,憂火焚燒我心。 3 大王若我又作,他人第一王妃; 此苦我難脫離,是故我不願求。 4 我被憂火焚燒,憂上更加憂苦; 燃燒大火堆中,智者誰投稻草。 5 離愛別苦如是,一再想念於心; 此苦我難脫離,是故我不願求。 聽到這話,國王被憤怒壓倒說:"如果你不接受灌頂,我就把你扔進火里。"說完讓人堆起大柴堆點火,火焰升騰時說:"進去吧。"這時她懇求國王說: 6 惡人害善人,大王投火中; 當得惡果報,今世及來世。 7 古時諸國王,對沙門婆羅; 父母及愚人,病者與婦女; 不讚殺害事,我不該被殺。 聽到這話,國王仍不相信,命令手下:"抓住她的手腳扔進火里。"他們照做了。這時她被扔進火里時想:"這裡沒有任何人可作我的庇護,我只以皈依為皈依。"想著說:"我皈依佛,我皈依法,我皈依僧",心中也憶念著,掉進火中。如此猛烈的火焰對她的身體連一個毛孔都無法生熱。她的身體如入蓮花蕊般清涼。國王看見這個奇蹟,驚恐毛豎,急速靠近她,雙手扶起讓她躺在自己胸前,讓她坐在王座上,合掌而立問:"為什麼火不能燒你的身體?"她解釋原因說:

8.

Mātā pitāca ñātīca, parivārāca sohadā;

Manto sadhādayocāpi, mahesakkhāca devatā.

9.

Eteca ññeca bhūpāla, sattānaṃ bhaya māgate;

Rakkhituṃ neva sakkonti, hitvāna saraṇattayaṃ.

10.

Agāhaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ, buddho me saraṇaṃ iti;

Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.

11.

Agāhaṃ dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ, dhammo me saraṇaṃ iti;

Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.

12.

Agāhaṃ saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ, saṅgho me saraṇaṃ iti;

Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.

13.

Evaṃ mahānubhāvantaṃ, paccakkhaṃ ehipassikaṃ;

Nāno paddava viddhaṃsiṃ, nānāsampattidāyakaṃ.

14.

Saraṇattayañhi yo satto, na samādāya gaṇhati;

Idhavā paratthavā loke, so sukhaṃ nānubhossati.

15.

Saraṇattayañhi yo satto, susamādāya gaṇhati;

Idhavāparatthavā loke, so sukhā na vihāyati.

16.

Tasmā tuvampi bhūpāla, gaṇhāhi saraṇattayaṃ;

Taṃ te bhavati sabbattha, tāṇaṃ leṇaṃ parāyaṇanti.

Taṃ sutvā rājā ativiya pasannamānaso taṃ khamāpetvā mahantaṃ sakkārasammānaṃ katvā ajjappaṭṭhāya tvaṃ mama mātāti taṃ mātuṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā saraṇa magamāsi. Tasmiṃ sannipatitvā ṭhitamahājanā taṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā saraṇesuca sīlesuca patiṭṭhāya dānādīni puññakammāni katvā yathākammaṃ gatāti.

17.

Iti saraṇavaraṃ sā kevalaṃ uggahetvā,

Jalitadahanamajjhe sītibhāvaṃ alattha;

Paramasaraṇasīlaṃ pālayantā kathaṃ vo,

Na labhatha bhavabhogaṃ nibbutiñcāpi anteti.

Vessāmittāpa vatthuṃ sattamaṃ.

  1. Mahāmandhātuvatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Ito kira ekanavutikappamatthake vipassīnāma sammāsambuddho loke uppajjitvā pavattavaradhammacakko sadevakehi lokehi pūjiyamāno bandhumatīnagare paṭivasati. Tadā so mandhātā tasmiṃ nagare tunnakāro hutvā nibbatti. Tunnakārakammena jīvikaṃ kappento viharati. Tadā sakalanagaravāsino buddhapamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantetvā mahādāna madaṃsu. Atha so evaṃ cintesi, sabbepime nagaravāsino dānaṃ dadanti. Ahamekova seso duggatattā, yajjāhamajja bījaṃ na ropemi, imamhā dukkhā na parimuccissāmīti. So vegena tunnakārakammaṃ pariyesitvā kiñcimūlaṃ labhitvā tena ekassāpi dānaṃ dātuṃ okāsa maladdhā āpaṇaṃ gantvā rājamāsake gahetvā caṅkoṭakaṃ pūretvā ādāya buddhapamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa bhattaggaṃ gantvā ṭhito evaṃ cintesi, natthi dāni okāsaṃ ekassāpi bhikkhuno patte okirituṃ, addhāhaṃ ime ākāse vikirissāmīti appevanāma patamānānaṃ ekassāpi bhikkhuno patte ekampi pateyya, taṃ me bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hibhāya sukhāyāti pasannamānaso uddhaṃ khipi, ta to patamānā te parivārikadevatānañca bhagavato ānubhāvenaca bahi apatitvā bhagavantamādiṃ katvā sabbesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ patteyeva patiṃsu. Atha so taṃ acchariyaṃ disvā pasannamānaso sirasi añjaliṃ paggayha ṭhito evaṃ patthanamakāsi.

1.

Iminā me adhikārena, pasādena yatissare;

Kāmabhogīnahaṃ aggo, bhaveyyaṃ jātijātiyaṃ.

我來為您 譯這段巴利文: 8 父母親與諸親屬,隨從以及善心友; 咒語吉祥等諸事,大力威神諸天眾。 9 此等及其他眾生,大王當恐怖來臨; 除了三寶皈依外,無能救護眾生者。 10 我以佛為皈依處,佛陀是我皈依說; 以此威力大王知,烈火不能焚我身。 11 我以法為皈依處,正法是我皈依說; 以此威力大王知,烈火不能焚我身。 12 我以僧為皈依處,僧伽是我皈依說; 以此威力大王知,烈火不能焚我身。 13 如是大威神力具,現前請來親見證; 能破種種諸災難,能賜種種諸成就。 14 若有眾生不善受,不持三寶為皈依; 此世他世兩世中,彼不能得安樂受。 15 若有眾生善受持,善持三寶為皈依; 此世他世兩世中,彼不離於安樂住。 16 是故大王你也應,受持三寶為皈依; 此將成為你一切,保護庇護歸依處。 聽到這些,國王心生極大信心,向她道歉,給予極大的尊敬和供養,說:"從今以後,你是我的母親。"把她安置在母親的地位,並去皈依。聚集在那裡的大眾看見這個神變,安住于皈依和戒律中,做佈施等功德,隨業而去。 17 如是她僅持最勝皈依法, 烈火中央獲得清涼樂; 護持最上皈依與戒行, 如何不得輪迴樂涅槃。 吠舍蜜多的故事第七。 大曼陀都的故事之緣起 據說在九十一劫之前,名為毗婆尸的正等正覺者出現於世,轉動殊勝法輪,受天人世間禮敬,住在盤頭摩底城。那時他作為裁縫師投生在那座城市。以裁縫工作維生而住。那時全城居民邀請以佛陀為首的比丘僧團,做大布施。這時他這樣想:"所有這些城中居民都在佈施。只有我因貧窮而剩下,如果今天我不種下種子,就不能從這苦中解脫。"他快速尋找裁縫工作,得到一些錢,因為沒有機會給一個人佈施,就去店裡買了皇家豆子,裝滿籃子帶著去佛陀為首的比丘僧團的供養處站著這樣想:"現在沒有機會往任何一位比丘的缽里放,我一定要把這些撒在空中,或許落下時能落入一位比丘的缽里,這將使我長久得到利益安樂。"心生歡喜向上撒。這些豆子因護法神和世尊的威力,沒有落在外面,全都落入從世尊開始所有比丘的缽中。這時他看見這個奇蹟,心生歡喜,舉手合掌而立如此發願: 1 以此殊勝善業緣,對聖尊者生凈信; 愿我生生世世中,成為欲樂第一者。

2.

Paharitvā yadā pāṇiṃ, olokemi nabhotalaṃ;

Sattaratanasampannaṃ, vassaṃ vassatu sabbadāti.

So tato paṭṭhāya devamanussesu saṃsaranto mahantaṃ dibbasampattiṃ anubhavitvā imasmiṃ bhaddakappe ādimhi mahāsammato nāma rājā ahosi. Tassa putto rojo nāma. Tassa putto vararojo nāma, tassa putto kalyāṇo nāma, tassa putto varakalyāṇo nāma. Varakalyāṇassa putto uposatho nāma. Uposathassa putto mandhātā nāma hutvā nibbatti. So sattahi ratanehi catūhi ca iddhīhi samannāgato cakkavattirajjaṃ kāresi, tassa vāmahatthaṃ sammiñjitvā dakkhiṇahatthena appoṭṭhite ākāsato dibbameghā viya jaṇṇuppamāṇaṃ sattaratanavassaṃ vassati. Evarūpo acchariyo ahosi. So caturāsītivassasahassāni kumārakīḷaṃ kīḷi. Caturāsītivassasahassāni oparajjaṃ kāresi. Caturāsītivassasahassāni cakkavattirajjaṃ kāresi, āyu panassa asaṅkhyeyyaṃ ahosi. So ekadivasaṃ kāmataṇhaṃ pūretuṃ asakkonto ukkaṇṭhitākāraṃ dassesi, amaccā deva kinnakho ukkaṇṭhā sīti pucchiṃsu. So bhaṇe mayhaṃ puññakamme olokiyamāne imaṃ rajjaṃ nappahoti, katarannu kho ṭhānaṃ ramaṇīyanti. Devaloko mahārājāti. So cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiritvā parisāya saddhiṃ cātumahārājikadevalokaṃ agamāsi, athassa cattāro mahārājāno dibbamālagandha- hatthā devagaṇaparivutā paccuggamanaṃ katvā taṃ ādāya cātumahārājikadevalokaṃ gantvā rajjaṃ adaṃsu, tassa parisāya parivutassa tasmiṃ rajjaṃ karontassa dīgho addhā vītivatto. So tatthapi taṇhaṃ pūretu masakkonto ukkaṇṭhitā kāraṃ dassesi. Tato cattāro mahārājāno kinnukho mahārāja ukkaṇṭhitoti pucchiṃsu. Imamhā devalokā katarannu kho ṭhānaṃ ramaṇīyanti, deva paresaṃ upaṭṭhākamanussasadisā mayaṃ. Tāvatiṃsadevaloko ito sataguṇena ramaṇīyoti. Mandhātā cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiritvā attano parisaparivuto tāvatiṃsābhimukho pāyāsi, athassa sakko devarājā dibbamālagandhahattho devagaṇaparivuto paccuggamanaṃ katvā taṃ hatthe gahetvā ito ehi mahārājāti āha. Tato rañño devagaṇaparivutassa gamanakāle pariṇāyakaratanaṃ cakkaratanaṃ ādāya saddhiṃparisāya manussapathaṃ otaritvā attano gharaṃ pāvisi. Sakko mandhātuṃ sakkabhavanaṃ netvā devatā dve koṭṭhāse katvā attano rajjaṃ majjhe bhinditvā adāsi. Tato paṭṭhāya dvepi rājano rajjaṃ kāresuṃ. Evaṃ kāle gacchante sakko saṭṭhisatasahassādhikāni tissoca vassakoṭiyo āyuṃ khepetvā cavi. Añño sakko nibbatti, sopi tatheva devarajjaṃ kāretvā āyukkhayena cavi, etenu pāyena chattiṃsa sakkā caviṃsu, mandhātā pana manussaparihārena devarajjaṃ kāresiyeva, tassevaṃ kāle gacchante bhīyyoso mattāya kāmataṇhā uppajji, so kimme upaḍḍharajjena. Sakkaṃ māretvā ekarajjaṃ karissāmīti cintesi. Sakkaṃ pana māretuṃ na sakkā, kāmataṇhā panesā vipattimūlā. Tathāhi.

3.

Varamatra sukhantyatra, atricchāvihato naro;

Idhavā paratthavā kiñci, na sātaṃ vindate sadā.

4.

Taṇhāya jāyate soko,

Taṇhāya jāyate bhayaṃ;

Taṇhāya vippamuttassa,

Natthi soko kuto bhayaṃ.

5.

Taṇhādāso naro ettha, rājacorādisambhavaṃ;

Hattacchedādikaṃ dukkhaṃ, pāpuṇāti vihaññati.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 2 當我擊掌時望,仰觀虛空之際; 愿七寶具足雨,恒常降注不絕。 從那時起他在天人中輪迴,享受大天福后,在此賢劫初期成為名叫大三末多的國王。他的兒子名叫羅阇,其子名叫勝羅阇,其子名叫賢善,其子名叫勝賢善。勝賢善的兒子名叫布薩他。布薩他的兒子投生為曼陀都。他具足七寶和四神通,作轉輪王統治,他左手屈曲右手擊掌時,從空中如天云般降下膝蓋高的七寶之雨。他是如此稀有奇特的人。 他玩童戲八萬四千年。作副王八萬四千年。作轉輪王八萬四千年,他的壽命無量。有一天他無法滿足欲愛,顯示出厭倦的樣子,大臣們問:"大王為何厭倦?"他說:"大人,當我觀察我的福德時,這個王位不夠,哪個地方更快樂?""天界,大王。"他拋起輪寶,與隨從一起去四大天王天。這時四大天王手持天花香,天眾圍繞來迎接他,帶他到四大天王天給他王位。他被眾人圍繞在那裡統治很長時間。 他在那裡也無法滿足渴愛,顯示出厭倦的樣子。於是四大天王問:"大王為何厭倦?""比這天界哪個地方更快樂?""我們如同別人的僕從。三十三天比這裡快樂百倍。"曼陀都拋起輪寶,隨從圍繞朝三十三天前進。這時天帝釋手持天花香,天眾圍繞來迎接,牽著他的手說:"大王請來這裡。" 這時當國王被天眾圍繞前進時,主藏臣寶帶著輪寶和隨從返回人間回到自己家。帝釋帶曼陀都到帝釋宮,把諸天分成兩部分,把自己的王位一分為二給他。從那時起兩人一起統治。時間如此流逝,帝釋用盡三億六千萬年壽命後命終。另一個帝釋出生,他也同樣作天王后壽盡命終。如此三十六個帝釋命終,而曼陀都仍以人間享受方式統治天界。 隨著時間流逝,他的欲愛更加增長,他想:"半個王位於我何用?殺了帝釋我要獨自統治。"但無法殺死帝釋,這欲愛實在是災禍之根。因此: 3 此中知足為最樂,過貪之人遭損害; 此世他世諸安樂,永遠不得真快樂。 4 從貪生起諸憂愁, 從貪生起諸恐怖; 若人解脫于貪愛, 無有憂愁何恐怖。 5 貪愛奴僕眾生類,王賊等難所生起; 斷手等苦諸痛楚,遭受逼惱無暫停。

6.

Yena lobhena jātena, sadā jīyanti pāṇino;

Khettaṃ vatthuṃ hiraññaṃca, gavāssaṃ dāsaporisaṃ;

Sabbatthāmena so lobho, pahātabbova viññunāti.

Tato atricchāvihatassa tassa āyusaṅkhāro parihāyi, jarā sarīraṃ pahari, manussasarīrañhi nāma na devalokebhijjati, tatha so devalokā bhassitvā bandhumatīnagaruyyānaṃ pāvisi, uyyānapālo tassa āgatabhāvaṃ rājakulaṃ nivedesi. Rājā rājakulā āgantvā uyyāneyeva āsanaṃ paññāpesi. Tato mandhātā uyyāne paññattavarāsane nipanno anuṭṭhānaseyyaṃ kappesi. Tato amaccā deva tumhākaṃ parato kinnu kathesāmāti pucchiṃsu, mama parato tumhe imaṃ sāsanaṃ mahājanassa katheyyātha, mandhātumahārājā dvisahassadīpaparivāresu catūsu mahādīpesu cakkavattirajjaṃ kāretvā cātumahārājikesu rajjaṃ kāretvā chattiṃsasakkānaṃ āyuparimāṇena devaloke rajjaṃ kāretvā kālamakāsīti. So evaṃ vatvā kālaṃkatvā yathākammaṃ gatoti imamatthaṃ pakāsetuṃ bhagavā catumahāparisamajjhe imā gāthāyo āha.

7.

Yāvatā candimasuriyā, pariharanti disā bhanti virocanā;

Sabbeva dāsā mandhātā, ye pāṇā pathavinissitā.

8.

Na kahāpaṇavassena, titti kāmesu vijjati;

Appassadā dukhā kāmā, iti viññāya paṇḍito.

9.

Api dibbesu kāmesu, ratiṃso nādhigacchati;

Taṇhākkhayarato hoti, sammāsambuddhasāvakoti.

Taṃ sutvā bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.

10.

Iti gatiniyatānaṃ bodhiyā uttamānaṃ;

Sakavasamupanetvā deti dukkhātitaṇhā;

Aniyatagatikānaṃ kā kathā mādisānaṃ;

Jahatha tamiti mantvā bho bhajavho tivatthuṃti.

Mahāmandhātuvatthuṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 6 因此貪慾而生起,眾生常受諸損失; 田地房舍與金銀,牛馬奴僕諸財物; 此貪應當以全力,智者斷除不留余。 因此被過度貪慾所害,他的壽命衰減,衰老襲擊身體。因為人身不能在天界毀壞,所以他從天界墜落到盤頭摩底城的園林。園丁把他來到的訊息報告王家。國王從王宮來到園林設定座位。這時曼陀都躺在園林中設定的高貴座位上,進入不起之臥。這時大臣們問:"大王,我們該在您之後說什麼?" "在我之後你們要向大眾宣說這個教誡:'大王曼陀都統治了兩千島嶼環繞的四大洲作轉輪王,又在四大天王天統治,又以三十六個帝釋的壽量在天界統治後命終。'"他這樣說完命終后隨業而去。 爲了顯明這個道理,世尊在四眾集會中說這些偈頌: 7 日月所行處,光明照諸方; 大地眾生類,皆為曼陀奴。 8 非以金錢雨,能滿諸欲樂; 少味多憂苦,智者應覺知。 9 即使天界欲,亦不得滿足; 正覺弟子樂,滅盡諸渴愛。 聽聞此後,許多人證得預流果等。 10 如是決定趣向最上菩提者, 貪愛引入自己勢力生憂苦; 何況我等未定趣向之人眾, 思維舍彼貪愛修三妙事業。 大曼陀都的故事第八。

  1. Buddhavammavāṇijakavatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe kira pāṭaliputtanagare buddhavammo nāma vāṇijako ahosi vāṇijakakammena jīvamāno. So aparabhāge satthavāhehi saddhiṃ gāmanigamajanapada rājadhānīsu vāṇijjaṃ payojayamāno vicarati, tasmiṃ samaye bhagavānekabhikkhusahassaparivuto janapadacārikaṃ carati bahū devamanusse saṃsārakantārā uttārento. Tadā so bhagavantaṃ addasa dvattiṃsalakkhaṇānubyañjanapatimaṇḍitaṃ jalamānasuvaṇṇameruṃ viyavirocamānaṃ mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivutaṃ, disvā paramapītiyā phuṭasarīro añjaliṃ paggayha bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā sāyaṇhe bhagavantaṃ bhattena nimantesi buddhasāsane aparicitabhāvena. Athassa bhagavā vikālabhojanā paṭiviratā tathāgatāti āha. Atha so bhagavantaṃ vanditvā kiṃ bhante bhagavantā vikāle bhuñjissantīti, athassa kathaṃ paṭicca bhagavā aṭṭhavidhaṃ pānaṃ tathāgatānaṃ vikāle bhuñjituṃ kappati. Seyyathidaṃ, ambapānaṃ jambupānaṃ cocapānaṃ mocapānaṃ phārusakapānaṃ madhupānaṃ muddikapānaṃ sālūkapānanti. Taṃ sutvā vāṇijo sahasakkārārasehi muddikapānaṃ katvā buddhapamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa adāsi, sabhikkhusaṅgho satthā paribhuttapānīyaraso tassa dhammaṃ desetvā janapadacārikaṃ pakkāmi. Sopi pasannamānaso hutvā nivatto saddhiṃ vāṇijakehi tesu tesu janapadesu vāṇijjaṃ payojento mahāvattanīyaṃnāma kantāraṃ pāpuṇi, tatta tesaṃ sabbesuyeva sakaṭesu pānīyaṃ parikkhayamagamāsi. Tattha sabbamanussānaṃca balīvaddānaṃca pānīyaṃ nāhosi. Atha so vāṇijo pipāsābhibhūto tesu tesu sakaṭesu pānīyaṃ pariyesanto vicarati. Athekasmiṃ sakaṭe manussā taṃ disvā kāruññena etthāgaccha, imasmiṃ koḷambe thokaṃ pānīyaṃ atthi pivāti vadiṃsu. Ta to so gantvā pānīyaṃ pivi. Tassa taṃ rasaṃ muddikapānarasasadisaṃ ahosi, pivantova so evaṃ cintesi. Sammāsambuddhassa tadā me dinnamuddikapānassa nissando ajja sampatto bhavissatīti accherabbhutacitto somanassajāto gantvā sayameva cāṭiyā pidhānaṃ vivari. Sakalāpi sā cāṭi muddikapānena paripuṇṇā ahosi. Tato so ra sava ntaṃ ojavantaṃ aparikkhayaṃ dibbapānasadisaṃ pānīyaṃ disvā paramāya pītiyā phuṭasarīro ugghosesi sabbe pānīyaṃ pivantūti. Taṃ sutvā sabbe sannipatitvā pānīyaṃ disvā abbhutacittā jātā. Vāṇijo tesaṃ majjhe buddhānubhāvaṃ pakāsento āha.

1.

Passathedaṃ bhavanto bho, ānubhāvaṃ mahesino;

Acintanīyamaccheraṃ, sandiṭṭhika makālikaṃ.

2.

Pasannamanasā buddhe, dinnaṃ pānīyakaṃ mayā;

Vipaccati idāneva, taṃ dānaṃ munivāhasā.

3.

Ojavantaṃ sukhannaṃva, sītalaṃ madhuro dakaṃ;

Dibbapānaṃva devānaṃ, jātamabbhutamakkhayaṃ.

4.

Sīlavantesu ko nāma, na dadeyya vicakkhaṇo;

Idha loke paratteca, sukhadaṃ dāna muttamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 佛護商人的故事之緣起 據說在閻浮提的華氏城(現今印度比哈爾邦巴特那)有一個名叫佛護的商人以經商為生。他後來與商隊首領們一起在村鎮、地區、王城中經商往來。這時世尊與一千比丘圍繞著在地方遊行,幫助許多天人度過輪迴的荒野。 那時他看見世尊具足三十二相好莊嚴,如閃耀的金須彌山般光輝,被大比丘僧團圍繞。看見后全身充滿最上喜悅,舉手合掌靠近世尊禮拜,因為不熟悉佛教,在傍晚請世尊用餐。這時世尊說:"如來已離非時食。"於是他禮拜世尊問:"尊者,世尊在非時不食用什麼?" 於是世尊因這話說明如來在非時可飲用八種飲料。即:芒果飲、蒲桃飲、香蕉飲、芭蕉飲、波盧沙果飲、蜜飲、葡萄飲、蓮藕飲。聽到這些,商人立即以各種調味料製作葡萄飲供養以佛陀為首的比丘僧團。師尊和比丘僧團飲用后為他說法,繼續遊行各地。 他也心生歡喜,回去與商人們在各地經商,到達名叫大道的荒野。在那裡他們所有車上的水都用盡了。那裡所有人和牛都沒有水。這時商人被渴所逼,在各輛車上尋找水。這時一輛車上的人看見他,憐憫地說:"來這裡,這個水罐里還有一點水可以喝。"於是他去喝水。對他來說那味道如同葡萄飲。正在喝時他這樣想:"這一定是當時我供養正等正覺者葡萄飲的果報今天成熟了。"生起稀有驚奇之心,歡喜地去自己打開罐子的蓋子。整個罐子都裝滿了葡萄飲。 這時他看見這有味道、有營養、用不完、如天飲般的飲料,全身充滿最上喜悅,大聲宣告:"所有人都來喝水!"聽到這話,所有人聚集看見水後生起驚奇之心。商人在他們中間宣說佛陀的威力說: 1 請看諸位長者,大仙人威力事; 不可思不可思,現見非時現。 2 我以清凈之心,供佛飲料水; 今時即得果報,牟尼導師恩。 3 具足營養美味,清涼甘美水; 如同天人飲料,生起奇蹟無盡。 4 持戒功德者前,明智誰不施; 此世與他世中,佈施最上樂。

5.

Yathi cchitaṃ gahetvāna, pivantu madhuro dakaṃ;

Bhājanānica pūretvā, yantu sabbe yathicchitanti.

Evañca pana vatvā sabbe manusseca balīvaddeca muddikaraseneva santappesi. Tato tato āgatāpi pānīyaṃ pivantoca pānīyaṃ akkhayaṃ ahosi. Tato vāṇijo satthavāhehi saddhiṃ vāṇijjaṃ payojetvā sakanagaraṃ āgacchanto bhagavantaṃ passitvā gamissāmīti veḷuvanaṃ gantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā katānuñño ekamante nisīdi. Satthāpi tena saddhiṃ madhurapaṭisanthāramakāsi. Upāsakopi bhante tumhākaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā pasanno vanditvā gamissāmīti āgatomhi, evañce vañca pāṭihāriyanti vitthārena kathesi. Athassa bhagavā dhammaṃ desesi. So dhammaṃ sutvāna satthāraṃ svātanāya nimantetvā mahādānaṃ datvā attano gehameva agamāsi. So tato paṭṭhāya dānādīni puññāni katvā tato cuto devaloke dvādasayojanike kanakavimāne devaccharāparivuto devissariyasamannāgato nibbatti. Tassa pubbakammapakāsanatthaṃ tattha tattha ratanabhājanesu dibbamayehi muddikapānehi paripuṇṇaṃ ahosi. Pānīyaṃ pivitvā devā naccanti vādenti kīḷantīti.

6.

Na vipulajinasāraṃ jānamāno janevaṃ,

Labhati vipulabhogaṃ toyamattassa dānā;

Viditaguṇagaṇā bho tīsu vatthūsu tumhe,

Labhatha khalu visesaṃ sīlavantesu dānāti.

Buddhavammavāṇijakassa vatthuṃ navamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 5 隨意取用飲,甘美之水味; 盛滿諸器皿,隨意盡帶去。 這樣說完后,用葡萄汁使所有人和牛都滿足。即使後來的人喝水,水也用不完。之後商人與商隊首領們做完生意,在回本城時想:"我要去見世尊。"就去竹林精舍禮拜世尊,得到允許後坐在一旁。世尊也與他作親切的交談。優婆塞說:"尊者,我看見您的神變心生歡喜,來禮拜后要回去。"並詳細講述了這樣那樣的神變。 這時世尊為他說法。他聽聞法后邀請世尊明天應供,做大布施后回到自己家。從那時起他做佈施等功德,命終后投生天界十二由旬的金宮殿中,被天女圍繞具足天界威力。為顯示他過去業的果報,在那裡各處寶器中裝滿天界葡萄飲。諸天飲用后跳舞、奏樂、遊戲。 6 不知勝者深妙法,眾生如是飲水施; 知眾功德三寶事,持戒佈施得殊勝。 佛護商人的故事第九。

  1. Rūpadeviyā vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Atīte kira vipassissa bhagavato kāle tasmiṃ nagare ekā gāmadārikā vihāre āhiṇḍantī ekaṃ gilānabhikkhuṃ disvā kampamānahadayā upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā bhante kote ābādho sarīraṃ pīḷetīti pucchi. Tenāpi bhagini kharābādho me pīḷetīti vutte sā tenahi bhante ahaṃ taṃ rogaṃ vūpasamessāmīti nimantetvā gehaṃ gantvā taṃ pavattiṃ mātāpitunnaṃ kathetvā tehi anuññātā puna divase nānaggarasena bhesajjāhāraṃ sampādesi, tato so bhikkhu punadivase cīvaraṃ pārupitvā bhikkhāya caranto tassā gehaṃ gantvā aṭṭhāsi. Sā theraṃ āgataṃ disvā somanassajātā pattaṃ gahetvā āsanaṃ paññāpetvā adāsi. Tattha nisinnaṃ taṃ āhārena sādhukaṃ parivisitvā sakkāra makāsi. Athassā saddhābalena bhuttamatteyeva so ābādho vūpasami. Tato so vūpasantarogo dutiyadivase tassā gehaṃ nā gamāsi. Atha sā vihāraṃ gantvā taṃ vanditvā kasmānāgatatthāti pucchitvā tena me bhagini byādhi vūpasami, tasmā nāgatosmīti vutte sā sādhu bhanteti somanassajātā gehameva agamāsi. Sā tena puññakammena kālaṃ katvā devaloke nibbatti. Tassā tattha dvādasayojanikaṃ kanakavimānaṃ nibbatti. Sā tattha devissariyaṃ anubhavantī chabuddhantaraṃ khepetvā amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle jambudīpe devaputtanagare udiccabrahmaṇakule jeṭṭhabrāhmaṇassa bhariyāya kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi, sā paripāka manvāya mātukucchito nikkhami. Tassā mātukucchito nikkhantakālato paṭṭhāya divase divase aṭṭhaṭṭhanālimattaṃ taṇḍulaṃ nibbattati. Tassā rūpasampattiṃ disvā pasannā mātāpitaro rūpadevīti nāma makaṃsu. Pacchā taṃ patirūpena dārakena niyojesuṃ. Athassā taṇḍula- nālimattaṃ gahetvā pacituṃ āraddhe icchiticchitamaṃsādibyañjanañja sappinavanītadadhikhīrādigorasañca jīramaricādikaṭukabhaṇḍañca kadalipanasamadhuguḷādiupakaraṇañca bhājanāni pūretvā nibbattati, tāya hatthena gahitaṃ kiñci khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃvā pūtibhāvaṃ na gacchati, bhattukkhaliṃ gahetvā sakalanagaravāsino bhojentiyāpi ekakaṭacchumattaṃ bhattaṃ gahitaṭṭhānaṃ na paññāyati. Evaṃ aparikkhayapuññā ahosi, sakaladevaputtanagare candasuriyāva pākaṭā ahosi, atha sā pañcasatabhikkhū nimantetvā niccaṃ sakanivesaneyeva bhojeti, tadā tesaṃ antare paṭisambhidāpatto mahāsaṅgharakkhitattheronāma imissā puññānubhāvaṃ dibbacakkhunā disvā na jānāti esā atthanā pubbe katakammaṃ. Yannūnāhaṃ assā pakāseyyanti ekadivasaṃ tassā nivesane bhuñjitvā anumodanaṃ karonto jānāsi bhagini tayā pubbe katakammanti pucchi, na jānāmi bhante. Sotumicchāmīti, athassā so pubbakammaṃ pakāsento.

1.

Ekanavute ito kappe,

Vipassīnāma nāyako;

Ahosi loke lokeka,

Nāyako chinnabandhano.

2.

Tadā tasmiṃ pure ramme, āsi tvaṃ gāmadārikā;

Āhiṇḍantī vihārasmiṃ, addakkhi jinasāvakaṃ.

3.

Rogāturaṃ kisaṃ paṇḍuṃ, assasantaṃ muhuṃ muhuṃ;

Disvāna kampitā cittā, nimantetvāna taṃ muniṃ.

4.

Bhesajjañceva bhattañca, adā tvaṃ tena so yati;

Abyābādho anīghoca, ahosi anupaddavo.

5.

Tato tvaṃ tena kammena, sukatena tato cutā;

Jātāsi devalokasmiṃ, sabbakāmasamiddhinī.

6.

Tattha te puññatejena, pāsādo ratanāmayo;

Maṇithūpisatākiṇṇo, kūṭāgārehi laṅkato.

我來為您 譯這段巴利文: 容貌天女的故事之緣起 據說在過去毗婆尸世尊時期,在那座城裡有一個村女在寺院中游逛時看見一位生病的比丘,心生憐憫走近禮拜后問:"尊者,什麼病痛折磨您的身體?"當他說:"妹妹,我被嚴重的病痛折磨。"她說:"那麼尊者,我要使這病平息。"邀請他后回家告訴父母這事,得到允許后第二天準備各種美味的藥食。 這時那位比丘第二天穿上袈裟托缽時來到她家站著。她看見長老來到心生歡喜,接過缽設座后供養。在那裡坐下後,她用食物好好供養他作供養。這時因她信心的力量,他吃完后病就平息了。因此病癒后第二天他沒去她家。這時她去寺院禮拜他問:"為什麼不來?"當他說:"妹妹,我的病已經好了,所以沒來。"她說:"善哉,尊者。"心生歡喜回家。 她因這功德命終后投生天界。她在那裡得到十二由旬的金宮殿。她在那裡享受天界威力度過六佛期間,在我們世尊時期投生在閻浮提天子城高種婆羅門家長子的妻子腹中。她胎兒成熟后從母胎出生。從她出生時起,每天都出現八缽量的米。父母看見她容貌莊嚴心生歡喜,給她取名"容貌天女"。後來為她安排適當的丈夫。 這時當她取一缽量的米開始煮時,如意所需的肉等調味品、酥油、生酥、酸奶、牛乳等乳製品、姜、胡椒等調味料、香蕉、麵包果、蜜糖等用品都裝滿器皿而出現。她手碰過的任何硬食軟食都不會腐壞。即使用飯匙供養全城居民,取一勺飯的地方也看不出來。如此她的福報用不盡,在整個天子城如日月般出名。 這時她邀請五百比丘經常在自己家供養。那時其中有一位名叫大僧護的證得無礙解的長老用天眼看見她的福德威力,不知道她自己過去所做的業。想:"我應該為她說明。"有一天在她家吃完飯做隨喜時問:"妹妹,你知道你過去所做的業嗎?"她說:"不知道,尊者。我想聽。"這時他為她顯示過去業說: 1 九十一劫以前時, 毗婆尸名為導師; 出現於世為世間, 唯一導師斷諸縛。 2 那時美城你曾為, 一位村中女子身; 遊逛寺院遇見了, 勝者弟子修行者。 3 病痛消瘦面色黃, 頻頻喘息苦難當; 見已心生大憐憫, 邀請牟尼入家中。 4 藥物飲食汝供養, 因此比丘得安康; 無病無惱無衰損, 平安無事樂安康。 5 其後你以此善業, 所作善事命終后; 投生天界具福報, 一切欲樂皆圓滿。 6 那時因你福德力, 寶石所成之宮殿; 珠寶柱列百成行, 尖頂樓閣為莊嚴。

7.

Nekagabbhasatākiṇṇo, sayanāsanamaṇḍito;

Accharāsatasaṃkiṇṇo, naccagītādisaṃkulo.

8.

Rambhāmbajambusannīra, pūgapunnāgapāṭalī;

Nāgāditarusaṇḍehi, maṇḍituyyānapantihi.

9.

Padumuppalakaḷāra, kundakānanamaṇḍite;

Madhumattālipālīhi, sārasīsarasaṃkule.

10.

Devaputtehi nekehi, tathā devaccharāhica;

Niccussave mahābhoge, vimāne mananandane.

11.

Tvamevaṃ devalokamhi, vindamānā mahāyasaṃ;

Addhānaṃ vītināmetvā, nibbute gotame jine.

12.

Jambudīpe idāni tvaṃ, nibbattā udite kule;

Puññapaññāguṇāvāsā, rūpenaggā piyaṃvadā.

13.

Etaṃ te devalokasmiṃ, devissariyamabbhutaṃ,

Imaṃ te idha lokasmiṃ, sabbaṃ mānusikaṃ sukhaṃ.

14.

Vipassimunino kāle, tvaṃ tassekassa bhikkhuno;

Adā dānaṃ gilānassa, tassa taṃ phalamīdisaṃ.

15.

Kātabbañhi sadā puññaṃ, icchantena sukhappadaṃ;

Tasmā tvaṃ sabbadā bhadde, ussukkā kusale bhavāti.

Evaṃ so tassa purimattabhāve katakammaṃ pakāsetvā idāni puññakamme appamādā bhavāti anusāsi. Sā therassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paramasomanassā tato paṭṭhāya dānādīsu niratā puññāni karontī teneva somanassena sotāpannā ariyasāvikā ahosīti.

16.

Iti taruṇakumārī puññakammesu sāraṃ,

Aviditaguṇamattā datva bhikkhussa dānaṃ;

Divimanujasukhaṃ sālattha tumhe bhavantā,

Viditakusalapākā kiṃ na labbhetha santiṃ.

Rūpadeviyā vatthuṃ dasamaṃ.

Dhammasoṇḍakavaggo pathamo.

Nandiyarājavaggo

  1. Nandiyarājassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Ito kira kappasatasahassamatthake padumuttaro nāma satthā loke udapādi sadevakaṃ lokaṃ saṃsārakantārā uttārento. Tasmiṃ kira samaye eko kuṭumbiko satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā pasannamānaso buddhapamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantetvā mahādānaṃ sajjetvā attano bhavanaṃ devabhavanamiva alaṅkaritvā buddhārahaṃ mahāsanaṃ paññāpetvā gantvā bhagavantaṃ yāci kāloyaṃ bhante bhagavato bhattaggassa upasaṅkamanāyāti. Atha bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto mahatā buddhānubhāvena gantvā nisīdi paññattavarabuddhāsane, tato kuṭumbiko haṭṭho udaggo sapariso bhagavantaṃ parivisati anekehi madhurannapānādīhi. Tadā tassa bhagavato sāsane dhutaṅgadharānaṃ aggo vasabhattheronāma mahāsāvako sapadānavattena piṇḍāya caramāno tassa kuṭumbikassa gehadvāre aṭṭhāsi, atha so theraṃ disvā bhante satthā antogehe nisinno, tumhepi pavisathāti yāci, thero apavisitvāva agamāsi, kuṭumbiko bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā tamattaṃ vatvā kiṃ bhante sadevake loke bhagavatāpi uttaritaro guṇena saṃvijjatīti āha. Athassa satthā puttopamaṃ dassetvā therassa guṇe vaṇṇento evamāha.

1.

Pālenti nimmalaṃ katvā, pātimokkhādisaṃvaraṃ;

Samādinnadhutaṅgāca, appicchā munisūnavo.

2.

Nicca mantakayuddhamhi, naddhā yodhāva dappitā;

Puññānaṃ vatthubhūtā te, devamānusakā dinaṃ.

3.

Dhāremahaṃ vaṇṇavantaṃ, sīveyyampica cīvaraṃ;

Buddhaputtā mahānāgā na dhārenti tathāvidhaṃ.

4.

Dhārenti te paṃsukūlaṃ, saṅghāṭetvā pilotike;

Vaṇacchādanacolaṃva, icchālobha vivajjitā.

5.

Sādiyāmi sadā hambho, upāsakanimantanaṃ;

Neva sādenti sambuddha, putto pāsakayācanaṃ.

6.

Sapadānena yaṃ laddhaṃ, lūkhaṃvāpi paṇītakaṃ;

Tena tussanti me puttā, rasagedhavivajjitā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 7 百間房室密佈滿,臥具座椅為莊嚴; 百天女眾密集聚,歌舞音樂常盈滿。 8 香蕉芒果蒲桃樹,檳榔龍腦及木槿; 龍樹等類諸樹林,莊嚴園林成行列。 9 蓮花青蓮芽苞開,昆陀花林為裝飾; 蜜蜂群集常飛舞,天鵝水鳥聚湖中。 10 眾多天子在其中,以及天女諸眷屬; 常行盛大歡樂會,宮殿令人心歡喜。 11 你在天界如是住,享受大名聲福報; 時光流逝經長久,直至瞿曇佛涅槃。 12 現今投生閻浮提,出生高貴之家族; 福智功德之所依,容貌第一語親切。 13 此是你在天界中,稀有天界威神力; 此是你在人間界,一切人間安樂事。 14 毗婆尸牟尼時期,你對一位病比丘; 佈施供養作功德,今得如是諸果報。 15 應當恒常修功德,若欲獲得安樂果; 是故賢女汝當常,精勤努力修善業。 如此他顯示她前世所做的業后,現在教誡她說:"對功德業要不放逸。"她聽聞長老的說法後生起最上歡喜,從那時起熱衷於佈施等,修諸功德,以此歡喜心成為預流聖弟子。 16 如是年輕少女行善業精華, 不知功德量施比丘供養; 獲得天人安樂諸位賢者, 已知善業果報豈不得寂靜。 容貌天女的故事第十。 法行者品第一。 歡喜王品 歡喜王的故事之緣起 據說在十萬劫之前,名為蓮華佛的導師出現於世,幫助天人世間度過輪迴的荒野。這時據說有一個居士聽聞世尊說法心生歡喜,邀請以佛為首的比丘僧團,準備大布施,將自己的住所裝飾如天宮般,設定適合佛陀的高座,去請世尊說:"尊者,這是世尊前往供養處的時候。" 這時世尊與比丘僧團圍繞,以大佛威力前往坐在設定的殊勝佛座上。這時居士心生歡喜,與眷屬一起用各種甜美飲食供養世尊。那時在世尊教法中持頭陀行第一的婆娑跋長老大弟子依次乞食來到那居士家門前。這時他看見長老說:"尊者,世尊在屋內坐著,請您也進來。"長老沒有進去就走了。居士走近世尊說了此事後問:"尊者,在天人世間是否有比世尊更殊勝功德者?"這時世尊示現子喻讚歎長老的功德說: 1 清凈守護無瑕垢,波羅提木叉諸律; 受持頭陀行少欲,牟尼之子諸聖者。 2 常在最後戰鬥中,如勇士般生勇猛; 為諸功德之根基,天人供養之福田。 3 我身披著美錦衣,色彩鮮豔之袈裟; 佛子大龍聖弟子,不著如是華麗衣。 4 披著糞掃衣為衣,縫補破布作僧伽; 如同覆蓋瘡傷布,遠離貪慾諸渴愛。 5 我常接受優婆塞,供養邀請諸善事; 佛子不受優婆塞,邀請供養諸佈施。 6 次第乞食所得者,無論粗劣或精美; 我子知足常滿意,遠離味著諸貪求。

7.

Nipajjāmi ahaṃ sādhu, santhate sayane subhe;

Na te seyyaṃ pakappenti, saṃsārabhayabhīrukā.

8.

Ṭhānā sanagamanena, kappenti iriyāpathaṃ;

Nekabhūmisamākiṇṇa, pāsādesu vasāmahaṃ.

9.

Buddhaputtā tathācchannaṃ, na kadā pavisanti te;

Rukkhamūle susānasmiṃ, abbhokāse ramanti te.

10.

Bhāvetvā bhavanāsāya, hetuṃ bhāvanamuttamaṃ;

Ahaṃ gāme vasissāmi, pāpento janataṃ sivaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 7 我常安臥睡眠樂,柔軟鋪設妙床褥; 彼等不求如是臥,畏懼輪迴諸過患。 8 住立行走諸威儀,調整身體諸動作; 我住許多層樓閣,眾多住處皆莊嚴。 9 佛子從不入如是,遮蔽覆蓋諸住處; 樹下墓地露天處,彼等歡喜常安住。 10 修習斷除諸有愛,最上禪修為因緣; 我住村落度眾生,引導大眾趣寂靜。

11.

Ramanti mama puttā te, pantasenāsane kakā;

Tesaṃ mahattaro santo, theroyaṃ vasabho mahā;

Dhutapāpo dhutaṅgaggo, ñātoyaṃ mama sāsaneti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 11 我子獨住遠離處,常樂寂靜修行道; 彼等長老最尊勝,此婆娑跋大長老; 除惡持頭陀第一,我教法中廣知名。

Evaṃ bhagavā hatthaṃ ukkhipitvā candamaṇḍale paharanto viya therassa guṇe pakāsesi, tato so tassa guṇakathaṃ sutvā sayampitaṃ ṭhānantaraṃ kāmayamāno yannūnāhaṃ anāgate aññatarassa sammāsambuddhassa sāsane dhutaṅgadharānaṃ aggo bhavissāmīti taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthento bhagavato pādamūle nipajji, satthā taṃ kāraṇaṃ upaparikkhitvā ito kappasatasahassamatthake gotamo nāma satthā uppajjissati. Tvaṃ tadā dhutaṅgadharānaṃ aggo hutvā kassa poti paññāyissatīti byākaraṇa madāsi. Tato paṭṭhāya so somanasso puññakammaṃ katvā tato cuto devamanussesu devissariyaṃ anubhavanto vipassīsammāsambuddhakāle ekasāṭako nāma brāhmaṇo hutvā mahādānaṃ adāsi. Tato cuto kassapasammāsambuddhe parinibbute bārāṇasīnagare bārāṇasīseṭṭhi hutvā nibbatto dānādīni puññāni katvā tato cavitvā saṃsāre saṃsaranto dasavassasahassā yukesu manussesu bārāṇasiyaṃ eko kuṭumbiko hutvā nibbatti. So panāyaṃ kuṭumbiko araññe jaṅghāvihāraṃ anuvicaranto paccantime janapade araññāyatane aññataraṃ paccekabuddhaṃ addasa. So ca paccekabuddho tattha cīvarakammaṃ karonto anuvāte appahonte saṃharitvā ṭhapetuṃ āraddho. Kuṭumbiko taṃ disvā bhante kiṃ karothāti pucchi. So paccekabuddho appicchatāya tena puṭṭho na kiñci vutto hoti. So cīvaradussaṃ nappahotīti ñatvā attano uttarasāṭakaṃ paccekabuddhassa pādamūle ṭhapetvā agamāsi. Paccekabuddho taṃ gahetvā anuvātakaṃ āropento cīvaraṃ katvā pārupi. Kuṭumbiko jīvitapariyosāne kālaṃ katvā tāvatiṃsabhavane nibbattitvā tattha yāvatāyukaṃ dibbasampattiṃ anubhavitvā tato cavitvā bārāṇasito tiyojanamattake ṭhāne aññatarasmiṃ nagare nibbatti, tassa mātāpitaro nandiyoti [nandītināmaṃ itisabbattha] nāmaṃ akaṃsu, tassa satta bhātaro ahesuṃ, sesā cha bhātaro nānākammantesu byāvaṭā mātāpitunnaṃ posenti. Nandiyo pana akammasīlo geheyeva vasati. Tasmā tassa sesā kujjhanti. Mātāpitaropi nandiyaṃ āmantetvā ovadanti. So tuṇhī hoteva. Athāparasmiṃ samaye gāme nakkhattaṃ saṅghuṭṭhaṃ, tadā so mātaraṃ āha. Amma sāṭakaṃ dehi, nakkhattaṃ kīḷissāmīti, sā dhota- vatthaṃ nīharitvā adāsi, amma thūlaṃ idanti, sā aññaṃ nīharitvā adāsi, tampi paṭikkhipi. Atha naṃ mātā āha. Tāta yādise mayaṃ gehe jātā, natthi ito sukhumatarassa paṭilābhāya puññanti, labhanaṭṭhānaṃ gamissāmi ammāti. Putta ahaṃ ajjeva tava bārāṇasīnagare rajjapaṭilābhaṃ icchāmīti āha. So sādhu ammāti mātaraṃ vanditvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Mātuyā panassa evaṃ ahosi. Kahaṃ so gamissati, pubbeviya idhavā etthavā gehe nisīditvā āgacchatīti, so pana puññaniyāmena codiyamāno gāmato nikkhamitvā bārāṇasiṃ gantvā senaguttassa gehe paṭivasati, athekadivasaṃ so tassa kammakārehi saddhiṃ sallapanto nisīditvā pacalāyanto supinaṃ addasa. Mukhena antaṃ nikkhamitvā sakalajambudīpe pattharitvā antokucchimeva pāvisi. Pabuddho so bhīto mahāsaddamakāsi. Atha naṃ mahāsenagutto pucchi. Nandiyo supinaṃ addasanti āha. Atha tena kīdisanti puṭṭho kathesi, tato senagutto taṃ attano kulūpagaṃ paribbājikaṃ pucchi ko tassa vipākoti. Paribbājikā yadi bho itthī passati.

我來為您 譯這段巴利文: 如此世尊舉手如擊打月輪般顯示長老的功德。這時他聽聞其功德后,自己也希望得到這地位,想:"愿我在未來某位正等正覺者的教法中成為持頭陀行第一者。"發願得到這地位后俯伏在世尊足下。世尊觀察此因緣后授記說:"從今往後十萬劫,將有名為瞿曇的導師出世。那時你將成為持頭陀行第一者,以某某名號而聞名。" 從那時起他心生歡喜行諸功德,命終后在天人間享受天界威力。在毗婆尸正等正覺者時期成為名叫一衣婆羅門者做大布施。此後命終,在迦葉正等正覺者涅槃后投生波羅奈城(現今印度瓦拉納西)為波羅奈長者。行佈施等功德後命終,在輪迴中流轉時,在壽命一萬年的人間投生波羅奈為一居士。 這位居士在林中行走時,在邊地森林處看見一位辟支佛。那位辟支佛在那裡做袈裟,因緣邊不夠而開始收起放置。居士看見后問:"尊者,您在做什麼?"那位辟支佛因少欲,被問也不說什麼。他知道袈裟布不夠,就把自己的上衣放在辟支佛足下而去。辟支佛取用它做緣邊完成袈裟后穿上。 居士命終后投生忉利天,在那裡盡壽享受天界安樂,此後命終投生在離波羅奈三由旬處的一座城市。他的父母給他取名歡喜。他有七個兄弟,其餘六個兄弟從事各種工作養活父母。但歡喜無所事事只住在家裡。因此其他人對他生氣。父母也叫歡喜來教導他。他只是保持沉默。 這時另一天村裡舉行節日,這時他對母親說:"母親,給我衣服,我要去過節。"她拿出洗凈的衣服給他。"母親,這太粗糙了。"她又拿出另一件給他,他也拒絕了。這時母親對他說:"孩子,像我們這樣出生的家庭,沒有獲得比這更細軟的福德。""我要去能得到的地方,母親。""孩子,我今天就希望你在波羅奈城得到王位。"他說:"善哉,母親。"禮拜母親右繞后離開。 但他母親這樣想:"他會去哪裡?像以前一樣坐在這裡家裡就會回來。"但他被善業的力量推動,離開村子去波羅奈住在軍護家。有一天他與其僕人們交談坐著打盹時看見一個夢。從口中出來的腸子遍佈整個閻浮提后又回到腹中。醒來后他害怕發出大聲。這時大軍護問他:"歡喜,你看見夢了嗎?"他說是的。當被問是什麼樣的夢時他說了。這時軍護問他的親近的女遊行者這夢有什麼果報。女遊行者說:"大德,如果女人看見...

Sattadivasabbhantareyeva abhisekaṃ labhati, yadi puriso passati, tatheva rājā hotīti kathesi. Senagutto tassā taṃ kathaṃ sutvā imaṃ mama ñātiṃ karomīti attano satta dhītare pakkositvā paṭipāṭiyā pucchi. Nandiyassa santike vasathāti, sesā sabbā na icchiṃsu, na mayaṃ jānāma etaṃ adhunāgataṃ kulavantaṃ vā dukkulavantaṃvāti. Atha kaṇiṭṭhikaṃ pucchi. Sā yassa maṃ mātāpitaro dassanti. Tesaṃ vacanaṃ na bhindissāmīti sampaṭicchi, atha senagutto nandiyaṃ pakkositvā attano dhītaraṃ datvā tassa mahāsampatti madāsi. Tato sattame divase nandiyo tattha tattha āhiṇḍanto rañño maṅgaluyyānaṃ passissāmīti gantvā dhaṅgalasilāpaṭṭesasīsaṃ pārupitvā nipajji, so ca bārāṇasīrañño kālaṅkatassa sattamo divaso hoti. Amaccāca purohitoca rañño sarīrakiccaṃ kāretvā rājaṅgaṇe nisīditvā mantayiṃsu. Rañño ekāva dhītā atthi, putto panassa natthi. Arājikaṃ rajjaṃ na tiṭṭhati. Phussarathaṃ vissajjessāmāti. Te kumudapattavaṇṇe cattāro sindhave yojetvā setacchattapamukhaṃpañcavidharājakakudhabhaṇḍaṃ rathasmiṃyeva ṭhapetvā rathaṃ vissajjetvā pacchato turiyāni paggaṇhāpesuṃ. Ratho pācīdvārena nikkhamitvā uyyānābhimukho ahosi. Paricayena uyyānābhimukho gacchati. Nivattemāti keci āhaṃsu. Purohito mā nivārayitthāti āha. Ratho kumārakaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā ārohaṇasajjo hutvā aṭṭhāsi. Purohito pārupaṇakaṇṇaṃ apanetvā pādatalāni olokento tiṭṭhatu ayaṃ dīpo. Dvisahassadīpa parivāresu catūsu mahādīpesu ekarajjaṃ kātuṃ samatthotivatvā tassa dhitiṃ upadhāretuṃ tikkhattuṃ turiyāni paggaṇhāpesi. Atha kumāro mukhaṃ vivaritvā oloketvā kena kāraṇena āgatatthāti āha, deva tumhākaṃ rajjaṃ pāpuṇātīti, rājā kahanti, devattaṃ gato sāmīti, kati divasā atikkantāti, ajja sattamo divasoti. Putto vā dhītā vā natthīti, dhītā atthi deva. Putto na vijjatīti, tenahi karissāmi rajjanti, te tāvadeva abhisekamaṇḍapaṃ kāretvā rājadhītaraṃ sabbālaṅkārehi alaṅkāritvā uyyānaṃ netvā kumārassa abhisekaṃ akaṃsu, athassa katābhisekassa satasahassagghanakaṃ vatthaṃ ānesuṃ, so kimidaṃ tātāti āha, nivāsanavatthaṃ devāti, nanu tātā thūlaṃti, manussānaṃ paribhogavatthesu ito sukhumataraṃ natthi devāti, tumhākaṃ rājā evarūpaṃ nivāsesīti, āma devāti. Na maññe puññavā tumhākaṃ rājāti vatvā handa suvaṇṇabhiṅkāraṃ āharatha, labhissāma vatthanti, te suvaṇṇabhiṅkāraṃ āhariṃsu, so uṭṭhāya hatthe dhovitvā mukhaṃ vikkhāletvā hatthena udakaṃ ādāya puratthimadisāya abbhukkiri, tāvadeva ghanapathaviṃ bhinditvā soḷasakapparukkhā uṭṭhahiṃsu, puna udakaṃ hatthena gahetvā dakkhiṇaṃ pacchimaṃ uttaranti evaṃ catassopi disā abbhukkiri, sabbadisāsu soḷasa soḷasa hutvā catusaṭṭhikapparukkhā uṭṭhahiṃsu, so ekaṃ dibbadussaṃ nivāsetvā ekaṃ pārupitvā nandiyarañño vijite suttakantikā itthiyo mā suttaṃ kantantūti bheriṃ carāpethāti vatvā chattaṃ ussāpetvā alaṅkatapaṭiyatto hatthikkhandhavaragato nagaraṃ pavisitvā pāsādamabhiruyha mahāsampattiṃ anubhavi. Aho tadā paccekabuddhassa dinnānuvātakassa vipāko. Tenāhu porāṇā.

12.

Yathā sāsapamattamhā, bījā nigrodhapādapo;

Jāyate satasākhaḍḍho, mahānīlambudopamo.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 女**者說如果在七天之內看見就能得到灌頂,如果男人看見也同樣會成為國王。軍護聽了她的話后說:"我要讓這人成為我的親屬。"叫來自己的七個女兒依次問:"你們願意與歡喜一起生活嗎?"其他人都不願意,說:"我們不知道這個新來的人是良家還是賤族。"這時問最小的女兒。她答應說:"父母把我嫁給誰,我就不違揹他們的話。"這時軍護叫來歡喜,把自己的女兒嫁給他,給他很多財富。 此後第七天,歡喜到處走動時想要去看國王的慶典園林,去那裡用布包頭躺在石板上。那是波羅奈王去世的第七天。大臣和祭司處理完國王的喪事後坐在王宮庭院商議說:"國王只有一個女兒,沒有兒子。沒有國王的國家不能維持。我們要放出吉祥車。"他們把白蓮花色的四匹信度馬套上車,把傘蓋等五種王族標誌放在車上,放出車后在後面奏樂。車從東門出去朝園林方向行駛。因為熟悉所以朝園林方向去。有人說:"讓它回來。"祭司說:"不要阻止。"車子繞著那青年右轉后停在準備讓他登上的地方。 祭司掀開他的包頭布看他的腳掌說:"讓他統治這洲。他有能力統治四大洲和兩千小洲。"說完后為測試他的決心讓人奏樂三次。這時青年揭開面孔看著問:"你們為什麼來?""陛下,王位屬於您。""國王在哪裡?""陛下已經去世。""過了幾天?""今天是第七天。""有子嗣嗎?""有一個公主,沒有王子。""那麼我來做國王。"他們立即搭建灌頂臺,裝飾王女帶所有裝飾品到園林為青年舉行灌頂。 這時給灌頂完的他帶來價值十萬的衣服,他問:"這是什麼,大德?""陛下,這是內衣。""大德,這不是太粗糙了嗎?""陛下,在人間所用的衣服中沒有比這更細軟的了。""你們的國王穿這樣的衣服嗎?""是的,陛下。"他說:"我想你們的國王沒有福德。來,拿金水瓶來,我們會得到衣服。"他們拿來金水瓶。他起身洗手漱口,手取水向東方灑,立即破開厚土長出十六棵如意樹。再次手取水向南西北如是向四方灑水,在所有方向各十六棵共六十四棵如意樹長出。他穿上一件天衣披上一件后說:"讓人宣佈在歡喜王的國土內女人們不要紡線。"然後升起王傘,裝飾整齊騎上最上等的象進城登上宮殿享受大富貴。啊!這是當時施與辟支佛袈裟緣邊的果報。因此古人說: 12 如同芥子般小種,生長尼拘陀大樹; 生出百枝極高大,如同深藍大雲團。

13.

Tatheva puññakammamhā, aṇumhā vipulaṃ phalaṃ;

Hotīti appapuññanti, nāvamaññeyya paṇḍitoti.

Evaṃ gacchante kāle ekadivasaṃ devī rañño sampattiṃ disvā aho tapassīti kāruññākāraṃ dassesi. Kimidaṃ devīti ca puṭṭhā atimahatī te deva sampatti. Atītamaddhānaṃ kalyāṇaṃ katattā. Idāni anāgatassatthāya kusalaṃ karothāti āha. Kassa dassāma. Sīlavantā natthīti. Asuñño deva jambudīpo arahantehi, tumhe dānaṃ sajjetha, ahaṃ arahante lacchāmīti āha. Punadivase rājā mahārahaṃ dānaṃ sajjāpesi. Devī sace imissā disāya arahanto atthi, idhā gantvā amhākaṃ bhikkhaṃ gaṇhantūti uttarahimavantābhimukhī pupphāni uddhaṃ khipitvā urena nipajji. Atha tāni pupphāni ākāsato gantvā himavantapadese vasantānaṃ padumavatiyā puttānaṃ pañcasatānaṃpaccekabuddhānaṃ jeṭṭhakamahāpadumapaccekabuddhassa pādamūle patiṃsu. Tathāhi.

14.

Aho passatha bho dāni, vimhayaṃ puññakammuno;

Acetanāpi pupphāni, dūtakiccesu byāvaṭā.

15.

Kattukāmena lokasmiṃ, sakalaṃ attano vasaṃ;

Sabbatthāmena kattabbaṃ, puññaṃ paññavatā sadāti.

Tato mahāpadumapaccekabuddho taṃ ñatvā sesabhātare āmantesi. Mārisā nandiyarājā tumhe nimantesi. Adhivāsetha tassa nimantananti. Te adhivāsetvā tāvadeva ākāsenā gantvā uttaradvāre otariṃsu. Manussā pañcasatā deva paccekabuddhā āgatāti rañño ārocesuṃ, rājā saddhiṃ deviyā gantvā vanditvā patte gahetvā paccekabuddhe pāsādaṃ āropetvā tattha tesaṃ dānaṃ datvā bhattakiccāvasāne rājā saṅghattherassa devī saṅghanavakassa ca pādamūle nipajjitvā ayyā paccayehi na kilamissantu, mayaṃ puññena na hāyissāma, amhākaṃ idha vāsāya paṭiññaṃ dethāti paṭiññaṃ kāretvā uyyāne nivāsaṭṭhānādayo kāretvā yāvajīvaṃ paccakabuddhe upaṭṭhahitvā tesu parinibbutesu sādhukīḷanaṃ kāretvā candanā garuādīhi sarīrakiccaṃ kāretvā dhātuyo gahetvā cetiyaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā evarūpānampi mahānubhāvānaṃ mahesīnaṃ maraṇaṃ bhavissati, kimaṅgaṃ pana mādisānanti saṃvegajāto jeṭṭhaputtaṃ rajje patiṭṭhāpetvā sayaṃ pabbajaṃ pabbaji, devīpi raññe pabbajite ahaṃ kiṃkarissāmīti pabbajitvā dvepi uyyāne vasantā jhānābhiññaṃ nibbattetvā jhānasukhena vītināmentā āyupariyosāne brahmaloke nibbattiṃsu. Te amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā buddhasāsane pabbajiṃsu, tadā nandiyarājā dhutaṅgadharānaṃ aggo mahākassapattheronāma hutvā cando viya suriyo viyaca loke pākaṭo hutvā bhagavati pari- nibbute buddhasāsanaṃ ativiya sobheti. Bhariyāpissa bhaddakāpiḷānī nāma ahosīti.

16.

Datvā pureko vipine caranto,

Paccekabuddhassanuvātamattaṃ;

Katvā saraṭṭhaṃ kurudīpasobhaṃ,

Mahānubhāvo vasudhā dhiposi.

17.

Tumheca bhonto khalu sīlavante,

Dadātha dānāni anappakāni;

Taṃ vo patiṭṭhāca bhavantarasmiṃ,

Cintāmaṇiṃ kappataruṃva sāranti.

Nandiyarājassa vatthuṃ pathamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 13 如是微小的功德業,能結廣大殊勝果; 智者不應輕視此,微小功德之果報。 時日流逝,有一天王后看見國王的富貴說:"啊!苦行者啊!"顯出憐憫的樣子。被問"這是什麼意思,王后?"時說:"陛下,您有極大的富貴。這是因為過去做善事的緣故。現在也應為未來做善業。"國王問:"佈施給誰?沒有持戒者。"她說:"陛下,閻浮提不空缺阿羅漢。您準備佈施,我會找到阿羅漢。"第二天國王準備了貴重的佈施。王后向北雪山方向拋撒花朵,俯臥在地說:"如果這方向有阿羅漢,請來這裡接受我們的供養。" 這時那些花經空中飛去落在住在雪山地區蓮華女的五百辟支佛子中大蓮華辟支佛的足下。因此: 14 啊!請看今日此稀有,眾善業之大威力; 無心識的眾花朵,能作使者傳訊息。 15 在世欲令隨己意,一切事物皆如願; 智者應當盡全力,常常精進修功德。 這時大蓮華辟支佛了知此事後告訴其他兄弟說:"賢友們,歡喜王邀請你們。請接受他的邀請。"他們接受后立即從空中來到北門降下。人們向國王報告說:"陛下,五百位辟支佛來了。"國王與王后一起去禮拜,接過缽把辟支佛們請上宮殿,在那裡供養他們。用餐完畢后國王在僧團上座腳下,王后在僧團下座腳下俯伏說:"尊者們不會缺乏資具,我們不會減損功德,請答應住在這裡。"使他們答應后在園林中建造住處等,終生侍奉辟支佛。 在他們涅槃后舉行善妙慶典,用檀香、沉香等處理遺體,取捨利建塔。想到"如此大威德的聖者都會死亡,何況像我這樣的人?"生起厭離,立長子為王自己出家。王后見國王出家后想:"我還能做什麼?"也出家。兩人住在園林中修得禪那神通,以禪樂度日,壽命終了后投生梵天界。 他們在我們世尊時代投生婆羅門家,在佛陀教法中出家。那時歡喜王成為持頭陀行第一的大迦葉長老,如月亮太陽般在世間顯赫,在世尊涅槃后使佛陀教法極其輝煌。他的妻子則是跋陀迦毗羅尼。 16 昔施林中獨行者,辟支佛衣之緣邊; 使國土如拘盧洲,大威德王為地主。 17 諸位賢者當佈施,廣大供養諸持戒; 此為來世之依止,如如意寶如意樹。 歡喜王的故事第一。

  1. Aññataramanussassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Amhākaṃ bhagavati parinibbute pāṭaliputtasamīpe aññatarasmiṃ gāme aññataro duggatamanusso vasati, so panekadivasaṃ aññataraṃ gāmaṃ gacchanto dve sāṭake nivāsetvā mahantaṃ aṭaviṃpāpuṇi, tadevaṃ gacchantaṃ disvā etassa vatthaṃ gaṇhissāmīti eko coro anubandhi, so dūratova āgacchantaṃ coraṃ disvā cintesi, ahametasmā palāyituṃ vā tena saddhiṃyujjhituṃ vā na sakkomi, ayamāgantvā avassaṃ anicchantassāpi me vatthaṃ gaṇhissati. Mayāpissa niratthakena harituṃ na sakkā, dānavasenassa dassāmīti sanniṭṭhāna makāsi, atha coro āgantvā vatthakaṃ parāmasi, atha so puriso cittaṃ pasādetvā imaṃ mama vatthadānaṃ bhavabhogasukhatthāya paccayo hotūti vatthaṃ datvā ducchāditattā mahāmaggaṃ pahāya aññena jaṅghāmaggena gacchanto āsivisena daṭṭho kālaṃ katvā himavantappadese dvādasayojanike kanakavimāne nekaccharāsahassaparivuto nibbatti. Vimānaṃ panassa parivāretvā tiyojanike ṭhāne kapparukkhā nibbattiṃsu, so mahantaṃ dibbasampattiṃ disvā somanassaṃ pavedento āha.

1.

Pariṇāmitamattena, dānassa sakasantakaṃ;

Dadāti vipulaṃ bhogaṃ, dibbamissariyaṃ varaṃ.

2.

Dvādasayojanubbedhaṃ, duddikkhaṃ cakkhumūsanaṃ;

Kūṭā gāravarupetaṃ, sabbasovaṇṇayaṃ subhaṃ.

3.

Mama puññena nibbattaṃ, nekarāgaddhajākulaṃ,

Tatheva parisuddhehi, vitānehi ca laṅkataṃ.

4.

Pāsādapariyantamhi, dibbavatthāni lambare;

Vāteritā te sobhanti, avhentāva sudhāsino.

5.

Pāsādassa samantā me, bhūmibhāge tiyojane;

Icchiticchitadātāro, jātāsuṃ surapādapā.

6.

Tattha naccehi gītehi, vādehi turiyehi ca;

Ne kaccharāsahassehi, modāmi bhavane mama.

7.

Na sammā dinnavatthassa, akkhette phalamī disaṃ;

Khette sammā dadantassa, ko phalaṃ vaṇṇayissatīti.

8.

Evaṃ vidhampi kusalaṃ manujo karitvā,

Pappoti dibbavibhavaṃ munivaṇṇanīyaṃ;

Mantvāna bho dadatha dānavaraṃ susīle,

Saddhāya suddhamanasāssa visesabhāgīti.

Aññataramanussassa vatthuṃ dutiyaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 某人的故事之緣起 在我們世尊涅槃后,在波咤厘子城(現今印度巴特那)附近的一個村莊里住著一個貧窮人。有一天他穿著兩件衣服去另一個村莊時到達一片大森林。這時一個盜賊看見他走過來想:"我要搶他的衣服"就跟蹤他。他遠遠看見盜賊走來時想道:"我既不能從他那裡逃跑也不能與他搏鬥。他來了一定會違揹我的意願搶走衣服。我也不能讓他無意義地搶走,我要以佈施的形式給他。"做出這樣的決定。 這時盜賊走來抓住衣服,這時那人使心生信凈想:"愿這衣服佈施成為我獲得輪迴福樂的因緣"而給了衣服。因為衣著不整而離開大路從小路走時被毒蛇咬死,投生在雪山地區十二由旬的金色宮殿中,有數千天女圍繞。圍繞他的宮殿三由旬處長出如意樹。他看見這大天界富貴生起歡喜說道: 1 僅以自己所擁有,佈施之心調柔善; 能得廣大諸受用,殊勝天界之威力。 2 高聳十二由旬量,目不能視炫眼目; 尖頂宮殿甚莊嚴,純金打造極美麗。 3 因我功德而生起,種種旗幟皆飄揚; 如是清凈諸天蓋,裝飾莊嚴極美好。 4 宮殿邊緣四周圍,天衣垂掛甚美麗; 隨風飄動顯光彩,如呼喚住天宮者。 5 我宮四周三由旬,大地範圍廣闊處; 隨欲所求皆能得,生出天界如意樹。 6 其中歌舞與音樂,伴隨天樂諸樂器; 數千天女眾圍繞,我享快樂我宮中。 7 正確佈施所得果,非福田中如是大; 正田正確行佈施,誰能讚歎如是果? 8 人若能作如是善,得天受用聖讚歎; 諸賢當知施第一,對持戒者凈信心, 以信清凈之心意,得殊勝分享善果。 某人的故事第二。

  1. Visamalomakumārassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Atīte kira imasmiṃ jambudīpe kassapo nāma sammāsambuddho pāramiyo pūretvā sabbaññutaṃ patto lokassa dukkhāpanudo sukhāvaho paṭivasati lokaṃ nibbāṇamahānagaravare paripūrento. Tasmiṃ samaye aññataro puriso satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā pasanno bhikkhusaṅghassa dānaṃ dento sīlaṃ rakkhanto uposathakammaṃ karonto nānāvidhāni puññakammāni katvā suttappabuddhoviya gantvā devaloke nibbatti sabbaratanamaye dibbavidhāne devaccharāsahassaparivuto. Tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā tato cuto amhākaṃ bhagavati parinibbute jambudīpe pāṭaliputtanagare āṇācakkavattidhammāsokamahānarindassa aggamahesiyā kucchimhi nibbatti. Tassa nāmaṃ karonto sīse lomaṃ visamaṃ hutvā jātatthā visamalomakumāroti sañjāniṃsu. So kamena viññutaṃ patto balasampanno ahosi. Mahāthāmo abhirūpoca ahosi. Dassanīyo pāsādiko yasaparivārasampanno paṭivasati. Tato aparena samayena dhammāsokamahānarindo caturāsītisahassarājaparivuto anantabalavāhano kī ḷā pa ro himavantaṃ gantvā yathābhirantaṃ kīḷitvā āgacchanto candabhāgaṃ nāma gaṅgaṃ sampāpuṇi. Sā pana yojanavitthatā tigāvutagambhīrā ahosi. Tadā sā adhunāgatehi oghehi mahāpheṇasamākulā bahūmiyo ubhokūle uttarantī mahāvegā [mahāvegāgacchantī itisabbattha] gacchanti. Tadā rājā gaṅgaṃ disvā ko nāmettha puriso evaṃvidhaṃ mahāgaṅgaṃ tarituṃ samattho bhavissatīti āha. Taṃ sutvā visamaloma kumāro āgantvā vanditvā ahaṃ deva gaṅgaṃ taritvā gantuñca āgantuñca sakkomīti āha. Rājā sādhūti sampaṭicchi. Atha kumāro gāḷhaṃ nivāsetvā makaradantiyā kese bandhitvā gaṅgākūle ṭhito aṭṭhārasahatthaṃ abbhuggantvā usabhamattaṭṭhāne patitvā taritu mārabhi. Tato caṇḍasotaṃ chinditvā taranto gamanā gamanakāle gaṇhanatthāya āgate caṇḍasuṃsumāre pāṇinā paharitvā cuṇṇavicuṇṇaṃ karonto vīsasataṃ māretvā uttāretvā talamuggamma rājānaṃ vanditvā aṭṭhāsi. Rājā taṃ kāraṇaṃ disvā bhayappatto eso kho maṃ māretvā rajjampi gahituṃ samattho. Etaṃ māretuṃ vaṭṭatīti cintetvā nagaraṃ sampatto kumāraṃ pakkosāpetvā amacce āha. Imaṃ bhaṇe bandhanāgāre karothāti. Te tathā kariṃsu, athassa bandhanāgāre vasantassa cattāro māsā atikkantā. Tato rājā catumāsaccayena dīghato saṭṭhihatthappamāṇe saṭṭhiveḷukalāpe āharāpetvā gaṇṭhiyo sodhāpetvā anto ayosāraṃ pūretvā rājaṅgaṇe ṭhapāpetvā visamalomakumāraṃ bandhanāgārato āhārāpetvā [āṇāpetvā itisabbattha] amacce evamāha. Bhaṇe svāyaṃ kumāro iminā khaggena ime veḷukalāpe caturaṅgulaṃ katvā chindatu. No ce chindituṃ sakkoti. Taṃ mārethāti āha, taṃ sutvā kumāro ahaṃ bandhanāgāre ci ra vu ttho jighacchāpīḷito āhārena kilamiṃ, yannūnāhaṃ āhāraṃ bhuñcitvā chindeyyanti. Te natthi dāni tuyhaṃ āhāranti āhaṃsu. Tenahi pokkharaṇiyā pānīyaṃ pivissāmīti āha. Te sādhūti pokkharaṇiṃ nesuṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 亂髮童子的故事之緣起 過去在這閻浮提中,迦葉正等正覺者圓滿波羅蜜獲得一切智,除去世間苦惱帶來快樂,住世令涅槃大城充滿。那時有一個人聽聞導師說法生信,供養比丘僧眾,持戒,行布薩等種種功德,如從睡夢中醒來般投生天界,住在純寶所成的天宮中有千天女圍繞。在那裡盡其壽命後命終,在我們世尊涅槃后投生閻浮提波咤厘子城(現今印度巴特那)法輪王正法阿育大王的第一王后腹中。 為他取名時因為頭髮生長不齊,稱他為亂髮童子。他漸漸長大具足力量。他有大力,容貌端正,令人喜見生起凈信,具足隨從威勢而住。此後某時法輪王阿育大王與八萬四千王圍繞,帶無量軍力去雪山遊戲,盡興遊戲后返回時到達名為月分的恒河。那河一由旬寬三伽浮他深。那時因新來的水流充滿大浪花,兩岸都溢出許多水,以大流速流動。 這時國王看見恒河說:"誰能度過這樣的大河?"聽到這話亂髮童子走來禮拜說:"陛下,我能渡河來回。"國王說:"好。"這時童子緊繫下衣,用髮簪束髮,站在河岸上跳起十八肘落在一牛距離處開始渡河。然後劃開急流渡河時,為抓住來去的兇猛鱷魚用手打擊使它們粉碎,殺死兩百條渡到對岸,登上岸邊禮拜國王站立。 國王見此事生起怖畏想:"他能殺我奪取王位。應該殺他。"到達城市后召喚童子對大臣說:"諸位,把他關進監獄。"他們這樣做了。他在監獄住了四個月過去。此後國王四個月后令人取來六十束長六十肘的竹子,清除節處,裡面填滿鐵心,放在王宮庭院,從監獄召來亂髮童子對大臣這樣說:"諸位,今天讓這童子用劍把這些竹束切成四指寬。如果不能切斷就殺了他。"聽到這話童子說:"我在監獄住很久,被飢餓折磨缺乏食物,不如我吃了食物再切。"他們說:"現在你沒有食物。"他說:"那麼讓我喝蓮池的水。"他們說:"好"帶他去蓮池。

Kumāro pokkharaṇiṃ otaritvā nahāyitvā nimuggo yāvadatthaṃ kalalaṃ bhuñcitvā pānīyaṃ pivitvā uṭṭhāya asipattaṃ gahetvā mahājanānaṃ [mahājanānaṃpassantameva itisabbattha] passantānameva aṭṭhāsītihatthaṭṭhānaṃ ākāsaṃ ullaṅghitvā sabbaveḷukalāpe caturaṅgulamattena khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ kurumāno otaritvā mūle thūlaayasalākaṃ patvā kiṇīti saddaṃ sutvā asipattaṃ vissajjetvā rodamāno aṭṭhāsi. Tato rājapurisehi kimattaṃ rodasīti vutte ettakānaṃ purisānamantare mayhaṃ ekopi suhado natti. Sace bhaveyya, imesaṃ veḷukalāpānamantare ayo sāraṃ atthibhāvaṃ katheyya, ahaṃ pana jānamāno ime veḷu kalāpe aṅgulaṅgulesu chindeyyanti āha. Tato rājā kumārena katakammaṃ oloketvā pasanno uparājaṭṭhānaṃ bahuñca vibhavaṃ dāpesi, evamassa balasampattilābho nāma na jātigottakulapadesādīnaṃ balaṃ. Na pāṇātipātādiduccaritānaṃ balaṃ. Kassetaṃ balanti. Kassapasammāsambuddhakāle bhikkhusaṅghassa dinnadānādisucaritakammavipākaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ.

1.

Kassapassa munindassa, kāle aññataro naro;

Sambuddhamupasaṃkamma, sutvā dhammaṃ sudesitaṃ.

2.

Paṭiladdhasaddho hutvā, sīlavantāna bhikkhunaṃ;

Madhurannapāne pacure, adāsi sumano tadā.

3.

Adāsi cīvare patte, tatheva kāyabandhane;

Adā khīrasalākañca, bahū kattarayaṭṭhiyo.

4.

Adā supassayaṃ dānaṃ, mañcapīṭhādikaṃ tathā;

Pāvāra kambalādīni, adā sītanivāraṇe.

5.

Adā bhesajjadānāni, ārogyatthāya bhikkhunaṃ;

Evaṃ nānāvidhaṃ puññaṃ, katvāna tidivaṃ gato.

6.

Tattha dibbavimānamhi, uppanno so mahiddhiko;

Devaccharāparivuto, devasenāpurakkhato.

7.

Dibbehi naccagītehi, dibbavāditatantihi;

Modamāno anekehi, dibbasampattiyā saha.

8.

Yāvatāyuṃ tahiṃ ṭhatvā, jambudīpe manorame;

Pure pāṭaliputtamhi, dhammāsokassa rājino.

9.

Putto hutvāna nibbatti, mahāthāmo mahābalo;

Mahāyaso mahābhogo, āsi buddhādimāmako.

10.

Kātabbaṃ kusalaṃ tasmā, bhavasampatti micchatā;

Pāletabba matho sīlaṃ, bhāvetabbañca bhāvananti.

Tato kumāro uparājaṭṭhānaṃ labhitvā sampattiṃanubhavamāno moggaliputtatissattheramādiṃ katvā mahābhikkhusaṅghassa cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayadānā divasena sakkāraṃ katvā sīlaṃ rakkhitvā uposathakammaṃ katvā āyupariyosāne yathākammaṃ gatoti.

11.

Evaṃvidhaṃ sucaritaṃ sumano karitvā,

Bhāgissa nekavibhavassa bhavābhavesu;

Tumhepi bho sucaritaṃ vibhavānurūpaṃ,

Katvāna nibbutipadaṃ karagaṃ karothāti.

Visamalomakumārassa vatthuṃ tatiyaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 童子下入蓮池洗浴,潛入盡情食用泥土喝水後起來,拿起劍在眾人觀看時跳起八十八肘高空,把所有竹束切成四指寬的小段,下來到底部遇到粗鐵條聽到"叮"的聲音后扔掉劍站著哭泣。這時王臣問"你為什麼哭?"他說:"在這麼多人中我沒有一個善意者。如果有的話,就會告訴我這些竹束中有鐵心。如果我知道的話,就會把這些竹束一指一指地切斷。"這時國王看見童子所做之事生信,賜給他副王位置和許多財富。 如是他力量成就不是因為出身種姓家族等的力量,不是殺生等惡行的力量。這是誰的力量?是迦葉正等正覺者時供養比丘僧眾佈施等善行業的果報。因此說: 1 迦葉牟尼聖導師,時有一人求親近; 至上正覺聞妙法,善說之法生凈信。 2 獲得凈信心清凈,對諸持戒比丘眾; 甜美飲食極豐富,歡喜佈施無吝惜。 3 佈施衣缽與腰帶,如是施與乳食具; 佈施眾多傘杖具,利益僧眾行佈施。 4 佈施臥具等資具,床椅座具亦如是; 毛氈氈褥諸物品,佈施為除寒冷苦。 5 佈施種種醫藥品,為使比丘得安康; 如是種種諸功德,命終生於三天界。 6 彼生天界宮殿中,具足大神通威力; 天女眾多來圍繞,天眾前導顯榮耀。 7 天界舞蹈與歌聲,天界樂器絃樂聲; 歡喜享樂諸天人,天界富樂共受用。 8 住彼盡壽後命終,生於悅意閻浮提; 波咤厘子城中生,法阿育王之太子。 9 生為太子具大力,威力廣大具名聲; 大富大貴多財富,成為佛法之護持。 10 是故欲得諸富樂,應當精進修善業; 守護持戒不放逸,修習禪定證菩提。 此後童子獲得副王位享受富貴,以目犍連子帝須長老為首的大比丘僧眾供養衣食住處病藥等資具,持戒行布薩,壽命終了隨業而去。 11 如是修習諸善行,歡喜獲得眾富樂; 輪迴生處具大財,諸位賢者亦如是, 隨力修習諸善行,愿得涅槃寂靜處。 亂髮童子的故事第三。

  1. Kañcanadeviyā vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe kira devaputtanagaraṃ nāma dassanīyaṃ ekaṃ nagaraṃ ahosi. Tasmiṃ samaye manussā yebhuyyena pattamahaṃ nāma pūjaṃ karonti, bhagavatā paribhuttapattaṃ gahetvā katānekapūjāvidhānā ussavaṃ karonti. Taṃ pattamahanti vuccati. Tasmiṃ samaye devaputtanagare rājā sabbaratanamayaṃ rathaṃ sabbālaṅkārehi alaṅkārāpetvā kumudapattavaṇṇe cattāro sindhave yojetvā susikkhitasippācariyehi sattaratanapariniṭṭhite asītihatthaveḷagge satthunā paribhuttaṃ selamayapattaṃ muttājālādīhi alaṅkaritvā veḷaggaṃ āropetvā veḷuṃ rathe ṭhapāpetvā nagaraṃ devanagaraṃ viya alaṅkaritvā dhajapatākādayo ussāpetvā toraṇaggha kapantiyoca puṇṇaghaṭadīpamālādayoca patiṭṭhāpetvā anekehi pūjāvidhānehi nagaraṃ padakkhiṇaṃ kāretvā nagaramajjhe susajjitaratanamaṇḍape pattadhātuṃ ṭhapetvā sattame divase mahādhammasavaṇaṃ kārāpesi. Tadā tasmiṃ janapade bahū manussāca devatāca yakkharakkhasanāgasupaṇṇādayoca manussavesena yebhuyyena taṃ samāgamaṃ otaranti, evamacchariyaṃ taṃ pūjāvidhānaṃ ahosi.

Tadā eko nāgarājā uttamarūpadharaṃ agatapubbapurisaṃ ekaṃ kumārikaṃ dhammaparisantare nisinnaṃ disvā tassā paṭibaddhacitto anekākārehi taṃ yā ci tvā tassā aladdhamāno kujjhitvā nāsāvātaṃ vissajjesi imaṃ māressāmīti. Taṃ tassā saddhābalena kiñci upaddavaṃ kātuṃ samattho nāhosi. Athassā nāgo pādato paṭṭhāya yāvasakalasarīraṃ bhogena veṭhetvā sīse phaṇaṃ katvā bhāyāpento aṭṭhāsi. Anaññavihitāya tāya dhammasavaṇabalena aṇumattampi dukkhaṃ nāhosi. Pabhātāya rattiyā taṃ disvā manussā kimetanti kāraṇaṃ pucchiṃsu, sāpi tesaṃ kathetvā evaṃ saccakiriyamakāsi. Tathāhi.

1.

Brahmacārī ahosāhaṃ, sañjātā idha mānuse;

Tena saccena maṃ nāgo, khippameva pamuñcatu.

2.

Kāmāturassa nāgassa, nokāsamakariṃyato;

Tena saccena maṃ nāgo, khippameva muñcatu.

3.

Visavātena khittassa, kupitassoragassahaṃ;

Akuddhā tena saccena, so maṃ khippaṃ pamuñcatu.

4.

Saddhammaṃ suṇamānāhaṃ, garugāravabhattiyā;

Assosiṃ tena saccena, khippaṃ nāgo pamuñcatu.

5.

Akkharaṃvā padaṃvāpi, avināsetvāva ādito;

Assosiṃ tena saccena, khippaṃ nāgo pamuñcatūti.

Saccakiriyāvasāne nāgarājā tassā atīva pasanno bhogaṃ viniveṭhetvā phaṇasataṃ māpetvā taṃ phaṇagabbhe nisīdāpetvā bahūhi nāgamānavakehi saddhiṃ udakapūjaṃ nāma pūja makāsi, taṃ disvā bahū nagaravāsino acchariyabbhutajātā aṭṭhārasakoṭidhanena pūja makaṃsu. Tathāhi.

6.

Natthi saddhāsamo loke, suhado sabbakāmado;

Passathassā balaṃ saddhā, pūjentevaṃ naro ragā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 金天女的故事之緣起 相傳在閻浮提有一座名叫天子城的美麗城市。那時人們大多舉行名為缽大節的供養,取世尊用過的缽做各種供養儀式舉行慶典。這稱為缽大節。那時天子城的國王用純寶所成的車裝飾各種裝飾物,套上四匹白蓮花色的信度馬,由熟練工匠製成七寶莊嚴的八十肘高竹竿,用珍珠網等裝飾世尊用過的石缽,把缽放在竹竿頂端,把竹竿立在車上,把城市裝飾得如天城一般,升起旗旛,建立門拱列和滿瓶燈鬘等,以多種供養方式繞城右轉,在城中央精心佈置的寶石臺上安放缽舍利,第七天舉行大法會。 那時在那地方許多人天、夜叉、羅剎、龍、金翅鳥等多半以人形下來參加集會,如此稀有是那供養儀式。 那時一個龍王看見在聽法眾中坐著一位容貌殊勝從未見過的少女,對她生起愛著,以種種方式求她不得,生氣後放出鼻息想:"我要殺死她。"因她信力所以不能對她造成任何傷害。這時龍從她腳開始直到全身盤繞,張開頭頂蓮蓋想要恐嚇她而立。她一心專注,以聽法力連微小的苦也沒有。天亮時人們看見問:"這是什麼事?"她也告訴他們后這樣發誓: 1 我在人間生活時,修習清凈梵行道; 以此真實誓言力,愿龍速疾放我去。 2 慾火所燒龍王者,我不曾給絲毫機; 以此真實誓言力,愿龍速疾放我去。 3 毒氣噴射惱怒龍,我心不起絲毫怒; 以此真實誓言力,愿龍速疾放我去。 4 我以恭敬尊重心,至誠聽聞正妙法; 以此真實誓言力,愿龍速疾放我去。 5 從始至終未曾失,一字一句正法音; 以此真實誓言力,愿龍速疾放我去。 發誓結束時龍王對她極其歡喜,鬆開盤繞化現百個頭頂,讓她坐在頭頂蓮蓋中,與許多龍族青年一起做名為水供養的供養。看見這事城中許多居民生起稀有未曾有,以十八俱胝財富做供養。因此: 6 世間無比信為勝,善友能施諸所欲; 請看信心之威力,龍眾如是來供養。

7.

Idha lokeva sālattha, bhavabhoga manappakaṃ;

Tasmā saddhena kātabbaṃ, ratanattayagāravanti.

Athevaṃ sā paṭiladdhamahāvibhavā yāvajīvaṃ komāriya brahmacāriṇī hutvā āyupariyosāne kālaṃ katvā tasmiṃyeva nagare rañño aggamahesiyā kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhitvā dasamāsaccayena mātukucchito nikkhami. Nikkhantadivase panassā sakaladevaputtanagare ratanavassaṃ vassi. Tenassā kañjanadevīti nāmaṃ kariṃsu. Samantapāsādikā ahosi. Abhirūpā devaccharapaṭibhāgā. Mukhato uppalagandho vāyati. Sarīrato candanagandho vāyati. Sakalasarīrato bālasuriyo viya raṃsiyo nicchārentī caturatanagabbhe padīpakiccaṃ nāma natthi. Sabbo gabbho sarīrā lokena eko bhāso hoti, tassā rūpasampatti sakalajambudīpe pākaṭā ahosi. Tato sakalajambudīpavāsī rājāno tassā atthāya piturañño paṇṇākārāni pahiṇiṃsu. Sā pana pañcakāme ananulittā pitaraṃ anujānāpetvā bhikkhunū passayaṃ gantvā pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇīti.

8.

Sutvāna sādaravasena kumārikevaṃ;

Dhammañhi sīlamamalaṃ paripālayantī;

Laddhāna nekavibhavaṃ vibhavaṃ payātā,

Mā bho pamajjatha sadā kusalappayogeti.

Kañcanadeviyā vatthuṃ catutthaṃ.

  1. Byagghassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe cūlaraṭṭhā sanne bārāṇasīnagare ekaṃ paṃsupabbataṃ vinivijjhitvā mahāmaggo hoti, tattha vemajjhe eko byaggho attano andhapitaraṃ pabbataguhāyaṃ katvā posento vasati. Tasseva pabbatassa vanadvāre tuṇḍilo nāma eko suvapotako rukkhasmiṃ vasati. Te ubhopi aññamaññaṃ piyasahāyā ahesuṃ, tasmiṃ samaye paccantagāmavāsī eko manusso attano mātugāmena saddhiṃ kalahaṃ katvā bārāṇasiṃ gacchanto taṃ vanadvāraṃ sampāpuṇi. Atha suvapotako parihīnattabhāvaṃ dukkhitaṃ taṃ disvā kampamānahadayo taṃ pakkositvā bho kuhiṃ gacchasīti āha, tena parakhaṇḍaṃ gacchāmīti vutte tuṇḍilo bho imasmiṃ vanakhaṇḍamajjhe eko byaggho vasati. Kakkhalo pharuso sampattasampatte māretvā khādati. Mā tvaṃ tena gacchāti āha. Svāyaṃ dubbhago manusso hitakāmassa tassa vacanaṃ anādiyitvā gacchāmevāti āha. Tuṇḍilo tenahi samma yadi anivattamāno gacchasi. Eso byaggho mama sahāyo. Me vacanaṃ tava santikā sutvā na gaṇhātīti. Tassa taṃ anādiyanto so suvarāje paduṭṭhacitto muggarena paharitvā māretvā araṇiṃ aggiṃ katvā maṃsaṃ khādi. Asappurisasaṃsaggo nāme sa idha lokaparalokesu dukkhāvahoyeva. Tathāhi.

1.

Mayā kataṃ mayhamidaṃ, iti vessānaraṃ naro;

Samāliṅgati sappemo, dahatevassa viggahaṃ.

2.

Madhukhīrādidānena, pemasā paripālito;

Sorago kupitovassa, ḍasatevassa viggahaṃ.

3.

Evaṃ nihīnajaccena, pāpena akataññunā;

Narā dhamena dīnena, katopi khaṇasaṅgamo.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 7 此世即得諸善利,生生受用無窮盡; 是故具信當恭敬,對三寶眾生凈信。 如是她獲得大財富后終生保持童女梵行,壽命終了后死後在那城中投生為國王第一王后腹中,過十個月從母胎出生。在她出生那天整個天子城降下寶雨。因此給她取名金天女。她極其美麗端莊,容貌如天女般,口中散發青蓮花香,身上散發旃檀香,全身放射如初升太陽般的光芒,在四寶所成的房間里不需要燈光。整個房間因她身體的光明成為一片光明。她的容貌美麗聞名整個閻浮提。因此整個閻浮提的國王們都送禮物給她的父王。但她不染著五欲,請求父親允許後去比丘尼寺出家,增長觀智與無礙解一起證得阿羅漢果。 8 少女如是恭敬心,聽聞正法守凈戒; 獲得無量諸財富,超越世間得解脫, 諸位切莫放逸心,常當精進修善業。 金天女的故事第四。 虎的故事之緣起 在閻浮提小國附近的波羅奈城(現今印度瓦拉納西)有一條穿過泥土山的大路,在中間有一隻老虎在山洞中養育自己瞎眼的父親而住。就在那山的林門處有一隻名叫圓胖的鸚鵡幼鳥住在樹上。他們兩個互為親密朋友。那時一個住在邊境村的人與自己的妻子吵架後去波羅奈,到達那林門。這時鸚鵡幼鳥看見他失去生計痛苦的樣子,心生憐憫叫他來問:"喂,你去哪裡?"當他說"我要去另一邊"時,圓胖說:"喂,在這片林中間住著一隻老虎。他兇猛粗暴殺死來到這裡的人吃掉。你不要從那裡去。"這個不幸的人不理會那善意者的話說:"我就要去。"圓胖說:"那麼朋友,如果你決意要去,那隻老虎是我的朋友。我告訴他聽到你要來的訊息他不會理會。"他不理會他的話對鸚鵡王生氣用木棒打死後用鉆木取火吃了肉。與惡人交往在此世他世只能帶來痛苦。因此: 1 此火是我所生起,人如是想生愛著; 歡喜親近火焰時,反會燒燬己身體。 2 蜜乳等施生愛養,毒蛇發怒不知恩; 反倒咬傷施主身,恩將仇報如毒蛇。 3 如是卑劣出身者,邪惡忘恩負義人; 暫時相遇生苦惱,雖行善法亦無益。

4.

Asādhuko ayaṃtevaṃ, jānamānena jantunā;

Muhuttampi na kātabbo, saṅgamo so anatthadoti.

Tato so asappuriso maṃsaṃ khāditvā gacchanto vanakhaṇḍamajjhaṃ sampāpuṇi. Atha byaggho taṃ disvā mahānādaṃ karonto gahaṇatthāya uṭṭhāsi. So byagghaṃ disvā bhayappatto tuṇḍilassa vacanaṃ saritvā ahaṃ bho tava sahāyatuṇḍilassa santikā āgatomhīti āha, taṃ sutvā byaggho attamano ehi sammāti taṃ pakkositvā attano vasanaṭṭhānaṃ netvā khāditabbāhārena taṃ santappetvā pitusantike nisīdāpetvā puna vanakhaṇḍa magamāsi. Athassa pitā puttassa gatakāle tena saddhiṃ sallapanto tassa vacanānusārena tuṇḍilaṃ māretvā khāditabhāvaṃ aññāsi. Tato so puttassa āgatakāle tava sahāyo tena māritoti āha. Taṃ sutvā byaggho anattamano vegena tassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā samma tuṇḍilāti saddaṃ katvā apassanto luñcitapattaṃcassa disvā nissaṃsayaṃ tena mārito me sahāyoti socanto paridevanto āgañchi. Atha so asappuriso tasmiṃ tattha gate tassa pitaraṃ pāsāṇena paharitvā māretvā byagghaṃca dāni māressāmīti byagghāgamanamaggaṃ olokento nilīno aṭṭhāsi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe byagghopi āgañchi. So tassā gatakāle tassa tejena bhīto gantvā jīvitaṃ me sāmi dehīti pādamūle urena nipajji, byaggho pana tena katakammaṃ disvā tasmiṃ cittaṃ nibbāpetvā mama sahāyassa sāsanamādāyāgatassa dubbhituṃ na yuttanti cintento taṃ samassāsetvā gaccha sammāti sukhaṃ pesesi. Evañhi sappurisasamāgamo nāma idha lokaparalokesu sukhāvahoyeva, vuttaṃhi.

5.

Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;

Sabbattha santhavo tena, seyyo hoti na pāpiyo.

6.

Sukhāvaho dukkhanudo, sadā sabbhi samāgamo;

Tasmā sappuriseheva, saṅgamo hotu jantunaṃ.

Tato so byaggho tena mettacittānubhāvena kālaṃ katvā sagge nibbattoti.

7.

Evaṃvidhopi pharuso paramaṃsabhojī;

Byaggho dayāyupagato sugatiṃ sumedho;

Tasmā karotha karuṇaṃ satataṃ janānaṃ,

Taṃ vo dadāti vibhavañca bhavesu bhoganti.

Byagghassa vatthuṃ pañcamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 4 知此不善之眾生,即使片刻短暫時; 也不應與其交往,必定帶來諸損害。 然後那個惡人吃了肉繼續前進到達林中間。這時老虎看見他發出大吼起身要抓他。他看見老虎害怕想起圓胖的話說:"喂,我是從你的朋友圓胖那裡來的。"聽到這話老虎高興說:"來吧,朋友"叫他來帶到自己住處,用食物款待他,讓他坐在父親旁邊后又去林中。這時他的父親在兒子離開時與他交談,從他的話中知道他殺死圓胖吃了它。然後在兒子回來時說:"你的朋友被他殺了。"聽到這話老虎不高興快速去他的住處叫道:"朋友圓胖!"看不見他,看見他被拔掉的羽毛,想:"毫無疑問我的朋友被他殺了"悲傷哀嘆而來。 這時那個惡人在他去那裡時用石頭打死他的父親后想:"現在我要殺老虎"在老虎來的路上躲著觀察。這時老虎也來了。他在老虎來時因其威力害怕去說:"主人請給我活命"俯臥在他腳下。但老虎看見他所做之事平息對他的憤怒想:"對帶著我朋友口信來的人行惡不適合"安慰他說:"去吧,朋友"讓他平安離開。如是與善人交往在此世他世只能帶來快樂,所說: 5 應當親近諸善士,應與善士結交情; 如是交往諸善士,增長善法不增惡。 6 與善交往常快樂,能除眾苦得安樂; 是故眾生應交往,唯與善人為友伴。 然後那隻老虎以慈心威力死後投生天界。 7 如是兇暴食肉虎,具慧生起大悲心; 因此投生善趣中,是故常應修慈悲, 此能帶來諸受用,生生世世得福樂。 虎的故事第五。

  1. Phalakakhaṇḍadinnassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Sāvatthiyaṃ kireko manusso uttarāpathaṃ gacchāmīti addhānamaggapaṭipanno gimhānamāse majjhaṇhe bahalātapena kilanto hutvā rukkhacchāyaṃ pavisitvā tambulaṃ khādanto phalake nisīdi. Atha uttarāpathenāgacchānto eko tatheva ātapena kilanto āgantvā purimassa santike nisīditvā bho pānīyaṃ atthīti pucchi. Itaro pānīyaṃ natthīti āha. Athassa so mayhampi bho tambulaṃ dehi pipāsitomhiti vatvāpi na labhi. Catukahāpaṇena ekaṃ tambulapaṇṇaṃ kiṇitvā laddho tattheva nisīditvā khāditvā pipāsaṃ vinodetvā tena upakārena tassa sinehaṃ katvā attano gamanaṭṭhāna magamāsi, athā parabhāge so paṭṭanaṃ gantvā nāvāya vaṇijjatthāya gacchanto samuddamajjhaṃ pāpuṇi. Tato sattame divase nāvā bhijji. Manussā macchakacchapānaṃ bhakkhā jātā. So eva puriso arogo hutvā ekaṃ phalakakhaṇḍaṃ ure katvā samuddaṃ tarati. Athe taropi tatheva nāvāya bhinnāya seso hutvā samuddaṃ taranto purimena samāgami. Atha te sattadivasaṃ samudde tarantā aññamaññaṃ sañjāniṃsu. Tesu kahāpaṇe datvā tambulaṃ gahito ekaṃ phalakakhaṇḍaṃ ure katvā tarati. Itarassetaṃ natthi. Atha so kahāpaṇe gahetvā dinnatambulamattasso pakāraṃ saritvā attano phalakakhaṇḍaṃ tassa adāsi. So tasmiṃ sayitvā taranto taṃ pahāya agamāsi, aparo anādhārakena taranto ossaṭṭhaviriyo udake osīditumārati. Tasmiṃ khaṇe samudde adhivatthā maṇimekhalā nāma devadhītā osīdantaṃ taṃ disvā sappurisoti tassa guṇānussarantī vegenā gantvā taṃ attano ānubhāvena samuddatīraṃ pāpesi. Itaraṃpi sā etasseva guṇānubhāvena tīraṃ pāpesi. Atha phalakenotiṇṇapuriso taṃ disvā vimhito kathaṃ purato ahosi sammāti pucchi. So na jānāmi. Apica kho sukheneva tīraṃ pattosmīti āha. Atha devadhītā dissamānakasarīreneva attanā ānītabhāvaṃ ārocentī āha.

1.

Yo mātaraṃ pitaraṃvā, dhammena idha posati;

Rakkhanti taṃ sadā devā, samudde vā thalepi vā.

2.

Yo ce buddhañca dhammañca, saṃghañca saraṇaṃ gato;

Rakkhanti taṃ sadā devā, samudde vā thalepi vā.

3.

Pañcavidhaṃ aṭṭhavidhaṃ, pātimokkhañca saṃvaraṃ;

Pāleti yo taṃ pālenti, devā sabbattha sabbadā.

4.

Kāyena vācā manasā, sucarittaṃ caratī dha yo;

Pālenti taṃ sadā devā, samudde vā thalepi vā.

5.

Yo sappurisadhammesu, ṭhito dha katavediko;

Pālenti taṃ sadā devā, samudde vā thalepi vā.

Tato so āha.

6.

Neva dānaṃ adāsāhaṃ, na sīlaṃ paripālayiṃ;

Kena me puññakammena, mamaṃ rakkhanti devatā;

Pucchāmi saṃsayaṃ tuyhaṃ, taṃ me akkhāhi devateti.

Devatā āha.

7.

Agādhā pārage bhīme, sāgare duritā kare;

Bhinnanāvo taranto tvaṃ, hadaye katvā kaliṅgaraṃ.

8.

Ṭhatvā sappurise dhamme, attāna manavekkhiya;

Khaṇasanthavassa purisassa, adāsi phalakaṃ sakaṃ.

9.

Taṃ tuyhaṃ mittadhammañca, dānañca phalakassa te;

Patiṭṭhāsi samuddasmiṃ, evaṃ jānāhi mārisāti.

Evañca vatvā sā te dibbāhārena santappetvā dibbavatthālaṅkārehi alaṅkaritvā attano ānubhāvena sāvatthinagareyeva te patiṭṭhāpesi. Tato paṭṭhāya tameva ārammaṇaṃ katvā te dānaṃ dadantā sīlaṃ rakkhantā uposathakammaṃ karontā āyupariyosāne saggaparāyaṇā ahesuṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 施木板片者的故事之緣起 據說在舍衛城有一個人說"我要去北方"上路時,在夏季正午被強烈陽光所困,進入樹蔭嚼著檳榔坐在木板上。這時從北方來的一個人同樣被陽光所困來到前者旁邊坐下問:"喂,有水嗎?"另一個說:"沒有水。"然後他說:"喂,請給我檳榔,我渴了。"說了也沒得到。他用四錢買一片檳榔葉,得到后就坐在那裡嚼著消除口渴,因這幫助對他生起好感後去了自己要去的地方。 此後某時他去港口乘船經商到達海中。七天後船破了。人們成為魚和龜的食物。只有那個人安然無恙把一塊木板放在胸前渡海。這時另一個人也同樣因船破為倖存者在渡海時遇見前者。這樣他們在海中漂流七天彼此認出對方。他們中給錢買檳榔的人把一塊木板放在胸前漂流。另一個人沒有這個。這時他想起給錢買檳榔的恩惠把自己的木板給了他。他躺在上面渡海時離開他走了,另一個人無依無靠渡海失去精力要沉入水中。 這時住在海中名叫寶腰帶的天女看見他沉下去時想"善人"憶念他的功德快速去以自己的威力把他帶到海岸。她也因他的功德威力把另一個人帶到岸邊。這時靠木板渡海的人看見他驚訝問:"朋友,你怎麼在前面?"他說:"我不知道。但是我安然到達岸邊。"這時天女顯現身體告知是她帶來的說: 1 若有依法養育者,此世尊敬父與母; 諸天常護此等人,無論海上或陸地。 2 若人皈依三寶尊,佛法僧伽為依止; 諸天常護此等人,無論海上或陸地。 3 五戒八戒諸律儀,波羅提木叉防護; 若人護持此戒律,諸天護持常普遍。 4 身語意業修善行,此世行持諸善業; 諸天常護此等人,無論海上或陸地。 5 若人安住善士法,知恩感恩常憶持; 諸天常護此等人,無論海上或陸地。 然後他說: 6 我未佈施修功德,亦未持戒護律儀; 以何功德善業力,諸天護我常守護? 我今請問生疑惑,請為我說其因緣。 天女說: 7 無底彼岸生怖畏,大海危險難度越; 船破渡海汝漂流,把木板片置胸前。 8 安住善士正法中,不為自身作打算; 暫時相識一人者,施與自己木板片。 9 汝此友愛之功德,佈施木板善業力; 在此大海作依止,如是當知善士道。 這樣說后她用天界食物款待他們,用天衣裝飾裝扮他們,以自己的威力把他們安置在舍衛城。從此以後他們以此為緣佈施持戒行布薩,壽命終了投生天界。

10.

Evaṃ parittakusalenapi sāgarasmiṃ,

Sattā labhanti saraṇaṃ khalu devatāhi;

Tumhepi sappurisataṃ na vināsayantā,

Mā bho pamajjatha sadā kusalappayogeti.

Phalakakhaṇḍadinnassa vatthuṃ chaṭṭhamaṃ.

  1. Corasahāyassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Amhākaṃ bhagavati parinibbute jambudīpe devadahanagare eko manusso dukkhito tattha tattha vicaranto paccante aññataraṃ gāmaṃ gantvā tattha ekasmiṃ kulagehe nivāsaṃ kappesi. Tattha manussā tassa yāgubhattaṃ datvā posesuṃ, tato so tattha manussehi mittasanthavaṃ katvā katipāhaṃ tattha vasitvā aññaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā aparabhāge corakammaṃ karonto jīvikaṃ kappeti. Athekadivasaṃ corentaṃ taṃ rājapurisā gahetvā rañño dassesuṃ. Rājā taṃ bandhanāgāre karothāti āṇāpesi, te taṃ bandhanāgāraṃ netvā saṅkhalikāhi bandhitvā ārakkhakānaṃ paṭipādetvā agamaṃsu, bandhanāgāre vasantassa tassa dvādasasaṃvaccharāni atikkantāni. Tato aparabhāge tassa pubbasahāyo paccantagāmavāsī manusso kenaci kammena devadaha māgato tattha tattha āhiṇḍanto bandhanāgāre baddhaṃ taṃ addasa. Disvā tassa hadayaṃ kampi, so roditvā paridevitvā kiṃ te mayā kattabbaṃ sammāti pucchi. Tato tena samma bandhanāgāre vasantassa me idāni dvādasasaṃvaccharāni atikkantāni, ettakaṃ kālaṃ dubbhojanādinā mahādukkhaṃ anubhomi. Yāvāhaṃ āhāraṃ pariyesitvā bhuñjitvā āgamissāmi. Tāva maṃ ito muñcanupāyaṃ jānāhīti vutte so sappuriso.

1.

Rūpena kintu guṇasīlavivajjitena,

Micchālayassa kitavassa dhiyā kimatthaṃ;

Dānā dicāgavigatena dhanena kiṃ vā;

Mittena kiṃ byasanakālaparammukhenāti.

Evañca pana vatvā sādhu samma karomi te vacananti ārakkhakānaṃ santikaṃ gantvā bhonto yāveso bhattaṃ bhuñjitvā āgacchati. Tāvāhaṃ tassa pāṭibhogo bhavissāmi. Vissajjetha nanti āha, tehi na sakkā bho etaṃ vissajjetuṃ, api ca kho yāvāyaṃ āgacchati. Tāva tvaṃ ayasaṅkhalikāya baddho nisīdissasi, evaṃ taṃ vissajjessāma, no ce na sakkāti āhaṃsu, so evampi hotu sammāti vatvā tassa pādato saṅkhalikaṃ muñcitvā attano pāde katvā bandhanāgāraṃ pavisitvā itaraṃ muñcāpesi. Sopi asappuriso bandhanā mutto na puna taṃ ṭhāna magamāsi, aho akataññuno pakatiṃ ñātuṃ bhāriyaṃ. Yathāha.

2.

Vāripūre yathā sobbhe, nevanto visamaṃ samaṃ;

Paññāyatevaṃsādhussa, bhāvaṃ manasi sambhavaṃ.

3.

Bhāsanti mukhato ekaṃ, cintenti manasā paraṃ;

Kāyenekaṃ karontevaṃ, pakatāyamasādhunaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 10 如是少許善業力,眾生大海得護佑; 天神護佑作依怙,諸位切莫失善道, 常當精進修善業,莫使善人德性失。 施木板片者的故事第六。 盜賊朋友的故事之緣起 在我們世尊涅槃后,閻浮提天生城有一個人貧苦,到處漫遊到邊境的一個村子,在那裡一戶人家住下。那裡的人給他粥飯養活他。然後他與那裡的人結為朋友住了幾天後去了別處,後來以盜賊為生。某天他偷盜時被王臣抓住帶到國王面前。國王命令說:"把他關進監獄。"他們把他帶到監獄用鐵鏈鎖住交給看守后離去。他在監獄住了十二年過去。 此後某時他以前住在邊境村的朋友因某事來到天生城,到處遊走看見他被關在監獄。看見時他心震動,哭泣悲嘆問:"朋友,我能為你做什麼?"然後他說:"朋友,我在監獄住已過十二年,這麼長時間因惡食等受大苦。在我找食物吃后回來之前,請想辦法讓我從這裡出去。"那善人說: 1 容貌無有德行者,何用惡人虛偽智; 無施捨心財富者,何用背棄苦難友。 這樣說后說:"好,朋友,我照你說的做"去到看守那裡說:"諸位,在他吃飯回來之前,我做他的保證人。請放他走。"他們說:"喂,不能放他走。但是在他回來之前你可以帶著鐵鏈坐著,這樣我們就放他走,不然不行。"他說:"即使這樣也好,朋友"說完解開他腳上的鎖鏈鎖在自己腳上進入監獄讓另一個釋放。但那個不善人從鎖鏈中解脫后再也不來那個地方。啊,知道忘恩負義者的本性真是困難。如說: 2 如滿水池中水,深淺難分辨; 善人心中德,如是難知曉。 3 口說此一事,心想他一事; 身行又一事,此為惡人性。

4.

Tesaṃ yo bhāvamaññāsi, sova paṇḍitajātiko;

Bahussutopi soyeva, paracittavidūpi so.

Athassa bandhanāgāre vasantassa dvādasasaṃvaccharāni atikkantāni. Ettakaṃ kālaṃ jighacchāpīḷitena tena āhārattāya paro na yācitapubbo, anucchiṭṭhāhāraṃ labhanadivasato alabhanadivasāyeva bahutarā honti, atha dvādasasaṃvaccharātikkame rañño putto nibbatti. Tadā rājā attano vijite sabbabandhanāgārāni vivarāpesi. Antamaso migapakkhinopi bandhanā muñcāpesi. Dvāre vivaṭamatteyeva bandhanāgāre manussā icchiticchitaṭṭhānaṃ agamaṃsu. So panekova tehi saddhiṃ agantvā ohīyi. Ārakkhakehi tvaṃ bho kasmā na gacchasīti vutte ahaṃ bho paññātabhāvena idāni na gamissāmi. Atīva parihīnagattosmi. Andhakāre gamissāmīti vatvā andhakāre āgate nikkhamma antonagare vissāsikānaṃ abhāvena kuto āhāraṃ labhissāmīti cintento nikkhamma rattandhakāre āmakasusāna magamāsi. Etthāhāraṃ labhissāmīti. Tattha so adhunā nikkhittamatamanussaṃ disvā manussaṭṭhinā maṃsaṃ chinditvā sīsakapāle pakkhipitvā tīhi manussasīsehi katauddhane ṭhapetvā citakato omukkaalātehi aggiṃ katvā susānaṃ nibbāpanatthāyā bhataudakena manussaṭṭhinā ālolento maṃsaṃ pacitvā otāretvā sākhābhaṅgena hirikopīṇaṃ paṭicchādetvā nivatthapilokikaṃ vātāvaraṇaṃ katvānisīdi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe tattha pippalīrukkhe adhivatthā devatā tassa taṃ kiriyaṃ disvā pucchissāmi tāva nanti taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha. Bho tvaṃ ghanataratimirākule mahārattiyaṃ tattha tattha vikiṇṇanaraṭṭhisamākiṇṇe soṇasigālādikuṇapādakākule manussamaṃsabhakkhayakkharakkhasākule tattha tattha pajjalantānekacitakabhayānake susāne manussamaṃsaṃ pacitvā kiṃkarosīti pucchantī āha.

5.

Rattandhakāre kuṇapādakehi,

Samākule sīvathikāya majjhe;

Manussamaṃsaṃ pacasī dha sīse,

Vadehi kiṃ tena payojanaṃ teti.

Atha so āha.

6.

Na yāgahetu na ca dānahetu,

Susānamajjhamhi pacāmi maṃsaṃ;

Khudāsamaṃ natthi narassa aññaṃ,

Khudāvināsāya pacāmimambhoti.

Tato devatā taṃ tathā hotu, iminā pilotikena vātāvaraṇaṃ karosi. Kimatthametanti pucchantī.

7.

Nivatthasākho hirisaṃvarāya,

Pilotikaṃ tattha pasārayanto;

Karosi vātāvaraṇañca samma,

Kimatthametaṃ vada pucchito meti.

So tassā cikkhanto āha.

8.

Subhā subhāmissitasītavāto,

Sayaṃ acittova acittabhāvā;

Dehaṃ phusitvāna asādhukassa,

Akataññuno mittapadhaṃsakassa.

9.

Samāvahanto yadi me sarīre,

Phusāti [phusātisāsaṅgatimajjadāni itikattaci] taṃ vāyu mamā visitvā;

Dukkhaṃ dadātīti visaṃva taṃ bho,

Parivajjituṃ baddhamimaṃ kucelanti.

Devatā āha.

10.

Ki makāsi bho so katanāsako te,

Dhanañca dhaññaṃ tava nāsayī ca;

Mātā pitā bandhavo khetta vatthū,

Vināsitā tena vadehi kiṃ teti.

Tato so āha.

11.

Yaṃ rājato hoti bhayaṃ mahantaṃ,

Sabbassa haraṇādivadhādikañca;

Akataññunā sappurisena hoti,

Ārāva so bho parivajjanīyo.

12.

Yamatthi corāribhayañhi loke,

Atho dakenāpi ca pāvakena;

Akataññunā taṃ sakalampi hoti,

Ārāva so bho parivajjanīyo.

13.

Pāṇātipātampi adinnadānaṃ,

Parassa dārūpagamaṃ musā ca;

Majjassa pānaṃ kalahañca pesunaṃ,

Samphaṃ giraṃ dhuttajanehi [akkhadhuttādiyogaṃ itikatthaci] yogaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 4 誰能知曉彼等性,此人堪稱真智者; 多聞博學亦如是,能知他心唯此人。 他在監獄住滿十二年。這麼長時間他被飢餓所逼從未向他人乞食,得不到食物的日子比得到剩飯的日子更多。十二年過去時國王生了一個兒子。那時國王命令打開他統治地內所有監獄。甚至連被關的野獸鳥類也都釋放。門一打開監獄裡的人都去了想去的地方。但只有他一個人沒有和他們一起走留了下來。 看守問:"喂,你為什麼不走?"他說:"諸位,我現在不能公開走。我身體極其消瘦。等天黑了再走。"等天黑后出來想:"在城裡沒有熟人從哪裡能得到食物?"就在夜黑時去了生尸林想:"在這裡能得到食物。"在那裡他看見一具剛放下的屍體,用人骨切下肉放在頭蓋骨里,用三個人頭做爐灶,用火葬堆的火炭生火,用帶來水的人骨攪動煮肉,取下後用樹枝遮蓋下體,用破布擋風而坐。 這時住在那裡辣椒樹上的天神看見他的行為想:"我要問問他"走近他這樣說:"喂,你在濃黑的深夜,到處散落人骨,狗、豺狼等腐食者出沒,食人肉夜叉羅剎聚集,到處燃燒著許多火葬堆可怕的尸林中煮人肉做什麼?"問道: 5 漆黑夜裡腐食者,聚集尸林中央地; 汝煮人肉頭顱中,請說為此何目的? 然後他說: 6 非為粥食非佈施,尸林中央我煮肉; 人無他苦如飢餓,為除飢餓我煮此。 然後天神說好吧,你用這破布擋風是為什麼?問道: 7 穿著樹葉遮羞恥,破布鋪展於此處; 朋友汝作擋風物,請說目的我問汝。 他對她解釋說: 8 清凈不凈混合風,本無心識無情物; 若觸及我此身軀,忘恩負義背德者。 9 若風觸我此身軀,經過吹來生痛苦; 如毒帶來諸苦惱,是故遮擋破布衣。 天神說: 10 此負心者為汝作,何事損汝財穀物; 父母親族田產等,被毀請說為何事? 然後他說: 11 從王生起大恐懼,掠奪殺戮等諸事; 皆由忘恩負義人,故應遠離此等人。 12 世間盜賊敵人怖,及以水火諸災禍; 皆由忘恩負義生,故應遠離此等人。 13 殺生偷盜及邪淫,妄語飲酒作斗諍; 兩舌惡口賭博等,與惡人友諸惡事。

14.

Sabbaṃ anatthaṃ asivaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ,

Apāyikaṃ [apāyikaṃ itikatthaci] dukkhamananta maññaṃ;

Akataññunā sappurisena hoti;

Ārāva so bho parivajjanīyoti.

Vatvā attanā asappurisasaṃsaggenānubhūtaṃ sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ kathesi, tato devatā ahampi bho satthuno maṅgalasuttadesanādivase imasmiṃyeva rukkhe nisinno.

Asevanā ca bālānaṃ, paṇḍitānañca sevanā;

Pūjā ca pūjanīyyānaṃ, etaṃ maṅgala muttamanti.

Gāthāya bālassa dose assosiṃti vatvā tassa pasanno taṃ attano vimānaṃ netvā nahāpetvā dibbavatthālaṅkārehi alaṅkaritvā dibbannapānaṃ datvā mahantaṃ sakkārasammānaṃ katvā attano ānubhāvena tasmiṃ nagare rajje abhisiñcāpesi. So tattha rajjaṃ karonto dānādīni puññāni katvā āyupariyosāne yathākammaṃ gatoti.

15.

Evaṃ asādhujanasaṅgamasannivāsaṃ,

Sañcajja sādhusucisajjanasaṅgamena;

Dānādi nekakusalaṃ paripūrayantā,

Saggā pavaggavibhavaṃ abhisambhunāthāti.

Corasahāyassa vatthuṃ sattamaṃ.

  1. Maruttabrāhmaṇassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe candabhāgā nāma gaṅgātīre homagāmaṃ nāma atthi. Tasmiṃ eko marutto nāma brāhmaṇo paṭivasati. Tadā so vohāratthāya takkasīlaṃ gantvā gehaṃ āgacchanto antarāmagge ekāya sālāya kuṭṭharogā turaṃ sunakhaṃ disvā tasmiṃ kāruññena nīlavallitakkambilena madditvā pāyesi. Sunakho vūpasantarogo pākatiko hutvā brāhmaṇena attano katūpakāraṃ sallakkhento teneva saddhiṃ agamāsi. Aparabhāge brāhmaṇassa bhariyā gabbhaṃ paṭilabhi, paripuṇṇagabbhāya tāya vijāyanakāle dārako tiriyampatitvā antogabbheyeva mato. Tadā taṃ satthena khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chinditvā nīhariṃsu, atha brāhmaṇo taṃ disvā nibbindahadayo gharāvāsaṃ pahāya isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā araññe viharati. Athassa bhariyā aññena saddhiṃ saṃvasantī ayaṃ maṃ pahāya pabbajitoti brāhmaṇe paduṭṭhacittā bho brāhmaṇaṃ mārehīti sāmikena saddhiṃ mantesi. Tesaṃ mantanaṃ sunakho sutvā brāhmaṇeneva saddhiṃ carati. Athekadivasaṃ tassā sāmiko tā pa saṃ māressāmīti dhanu kalāpaṃ gahetvā nikkhami, tadā tāpaso phalāphalatthāya araññaṃ gato. Su na kho assameyeva o hī yi. Puriso tāpasassāgamanamaggaṃ olokento gacchantare nilīno acchi. Sunakho tassa pamādaṃ oloketvā dhanuno guṇaṃ khāditvā chindi. So puna guṇaṃ pākatikaṃ katvā āropesi. Evaṃ so āropitaṃ āropitaṃ khādateva, atha so pāpapuriso tāpasassāgamanaṃ ñatvā taṃ māressāmīti dhanunā saddhiṃ agamāsi. Athassa sunakho pāde ḍasitvā pātetvā tassa mukhaṃ khāditvā dubbalaṃ katvā bhuṅkāramakāsi, evañhi sappurisā attano upakārakānaṃ paccupakāraṃ karonti. Vuttañhi.

1.

Upakāraṃ karonto so, sunakho katavediko;

Sattūpaghātakaṃ katvā, isino dāsi jīvitaṃ.

2.

Tiracchānāpi jānanti, guṇamattani kataṃ sadā;

Iti utvāna medhāvī, kataññū hontu pāṇinoti.

Tato tāpaso sunakhassa saddenā gantvā tassa taṃ vippakāraṃ disvā kāruññena paṭijiggitvā vūpasantavaṇaṃ balappattaṃ posetvā tattheva vasanto jhānābhiññaṃ nibbattetvā āyupariyosāne brāhmalokaparāyaṇo ahosīti.

3.

Sutvāna sādhu sunakhena katūpakāraṃ,

Mettiṃdisassa pakataṃ isinā ca sutvā;

Sammā karotha karuṇañca parūpakāraṃ,

Taṃ sabbadā bhavati vo bhavabhogahetūti.

Maruttabrāhmaṇassa vatthuṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 14 一切不善及不祥,不悅無盡諸苦惱; 皆由忘恩負義人,故應遠離此等人。 說完后他講述了自己因與不善人交往所經歷的一切苦。然後天神說:"喂,我也在世尊講說吉祥經那天坐在這同一棵樹上。 不親近愚人,親近智慧者; 供養應供者,此為最吉祥。 我聽聞這偈頌中說明愚人的過失。"說完后對他生信,帶他到自己的天宮,讓他沐浴,用天衣裝飾裝扮他,給他天界飲食,給予極大尊敬供養,以自己的威力讓他在那城中受王位灌頂。他在那裡統治時行佈施等功德,壽命終了隨業而去。 15 如是應離不善人,親近清凈善知識; 圓滿佈施諸善業,獲得天界涅槃樂。 盜賊朋友的故事第七。 馬魯塔婆羅門的故事之緣起 在閻浮提月分河(現今巴基斯坦Chenab河)岸邊有一個名叫祭祀村的村子。在那裡住著一個名叫馬魯塔的婆羅門。那時他為經商去得叉尸羅(現今巴基斯坦塔克西拉),回家途中在一個休息亭看見一隻患麻風病的狗,對它生起悲憫用青草和白蓖麻搗碎給它吃。狗病癒恢復正常,記得婆羅門對它的恩惠就跟著他一起走。 後來婆羅門的妻子懷孕,她懷胎滿月時分娩,嬰兒橫躺胎中死亡。那時用刀把他切成塊取出。婆羅門看見後心生厭離,捨棄俗家生活出家為仙人住在林中。然後他的妻子與另一個人同居,因為"他拋棄我出家"而對婆羅門生噁心,與丈夫商量說:"喂,殺死那婆羅門。"狗聽見他們的商量一直跟著婆羅門。 某天她的丈夫想"我要殺死苦行者"帶著弓箭出發,那時苦行者去林中找水果。狗就留在庵處。那人在苦行者回來的路上灌木叢中躲著。狗觀察他的疏忽咬斷弓弦。他又把弦修好上弦。就這樣他每上一次弦狗就咬斷,然後那惡人知道苦行者要來想"我要殺他"帶著弓走來。這時狗咬住他的腳把他撲倒咬他的臉使他衰弱后大聲吠叫,如是善人對施恩者報恩。如說: 1 知恩報恩狗,為報施恩人; 殺害諸敵人,救護仙人命。 2 畜生亦能知,他人施恩德; 智者如是說,眾生當知恩。 然後苦行者聽見狗的聲音走來看見他的傷害生起悲憫照顧他,等傷癒有力時養育他,就住在那裡修得禪定神通,壽命終了投生梵天界。 3 聽聞善狗報恩德,仙人慈悲如是作; 當行悲憫利益他,此為生生受用因。 馬魯塔婆羅門的故事第八。

  1. Pānīyadinnassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe aññatarasmiṃ janapade kire ko manusso raṭṭhato raṭṭhaṃ janapadato janapadaṃ vicaranto anukkamena candabhāgānadītīraṃ patvā nāvaṃ abhiruhitvā paratīraṃ gacchati. Athāparā gabbhinitthī tāya eva nāvāya gacchati, atha nāvā gaṅgāmajjhappattakāle tassā kammajavātā caliṃsu. Tato sā vijāyitumasakkontī kilantā pānīyaṃ me detha, pipāsitāmhiti manusse yāci. Te tassā vacanaṃ asuṇantā viya pānīyaṃ nādaṃsu, atha so jānapadiko tassā karuṇāyanto [karuṇāyapānīyaṃ, karuṇāyantopānīyaṃ, karuṇāyatoyaṃ iticakatthaci] toyaṃ gahetvā mukhe āsiñci, tasmiṃ khaṇe sā laddhassāsā sukhena dārakaṃ vijāyi, atha te tīraṃ patvā katipayadivasena attano attano ṭhānaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Athāparabhāge so jānapadiko aññatarakiccaṃ paṭicca tassā itthiyā vasananagaraṃ patvā tattha tattha āhiṇḍanto nivāsanaṭṭhānaṃ alabhitvā nagaradvāre sālaṃ gantvā tattha nipajji. Tasmiṃyeva divase corā nagaraṃ pavisitvā rājagehe sandhiṃ chinditvā dhanasāraṃ gahetvā gacchantā rājapurisehi anubandhā gantvā tāyeva sālāya chaḍḍetvā palāyiṃsu. Atha rājapurisā āgantvā core apassantā taṃ jānapadikaṃ disvā ayaṃ coroti gahetvā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhaṃ bandhitvā puna divase rañño dassesuṃ. Raññā kasmā bhaṇe corakamma makāsīti pucchito nāhaṃ deva coro, āgantukomhīti vutte rājā core pariyesitvā alabhanto ayameva coro, imaṃ mārethāti āṇāpesi. Rājapurisehi taṃ gāḷhaṃ bandhitvā āghātanaṃ nīte sā itthī taṃ tathā nīyamānaṃ disvā sañjānitvā kampamānahadayā muhuttena rañño santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā deva eso na coro āgantuko muñcathetaṃ devāti āha. Rājā tassā kathaṃ asaddahanto yajjetaṃ mocetu micchasi. Tassagghanakaṃ dhanaṃ datvā muñcāpehīti, sā sāmi mama gehe dhanaṃ natthi. Apica mama sattaputtehi saddhiṃ maṃ dāsiṃ karohi, etaṃ muñca devāti āha, atha rājā tvaṃ etaṃ adhunāgatoti vadasi. Etaṃ nissāya puttehi saddhiṃ attānaṃ dāsattaṃ sāvesi. Kimeso te ñāti vā, udāhu upakārakoti pucchanto āha.

1.

Kiṃte bhoti ayaṃ poso, tuvaṃ pucchāmi saṃsayaṃ;

Bhātā vā te pitā hoti, pati vā devaro tava.

2.

Ñāti sālohito kinnu, udāhu iṇadāyako;

Athopakārako kinnu, kasmāssa desi jīvitaṃti.

Tato sā āha.

3.

Eso me puriso deva, katapubbopakārako;

Atāṇamekikaṃ [attānamekikaṃ itikatthaci] ceso, dukkhitaṃ maraṇe ṭhitaṃ.

4.

Vijāyitu masakkontiṃ, gabbhiniṃ dukkhavediniṃ;

Toyena maṃ upaṭṭhāsi, tenāhaṃ sukhitā tadā.

5.

Bhaṅgakallolamālāya, uttarantaṃ mahaṇṇavaṃ;

Pahāya pātuṃ kūpassa, yāti loko pipāsito.

6.

Tatheva vijjamānesu, janesu manujādhipa,

Ekasseva manasmiṃhi, guṇaṃ tiṭṭhati sādhukaṃ.

7.

Pahatvāna mataṃ hatthiṃ, maṃsatthī keci jantuno;

Anubandhanti maṃsatthaṃ, sasaṃ dhāvanta mekakaṃ.

8.

Tatheva vijjamānesu, janesu manujādhipa;

Guṇavanta manubandhanti, sappurisaṃ katavedikaṃ.

9.

Tasmā sappurise dhamme, patiṭṭhāsmi narādhipa;

Anussaranti etena, katapubbū pakārakaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 施水者的故事之緣起 據說在閻浮提某個地方,有一個人從一國遊歷到另一國,從一地到另一地,漸次到達月分河(現今巴基斯坦Chenab河)岸邊,乘船去對岸。這時另有一個孕婦也乘同一條船。當船到河中間時她的產痛發作。然後她無法生產疲憊不堪說:"給我水喝,我渴了"向人們求水。他們像沒聽見她的話一樣不給她水。這時那鄉下人對她生起悲憫取水倒在她口中,那一刻她得到安慰順利生下孩子。然後他們到達岸邊,過了幾天各自到達自己的地方。 後來某時那鄉下人因某事到那女人居住的城市,在那裡四處遊走找不到住處,去城門的休息亭在那裡躺下。就在那天晚上盜賊們進城,在王宮打開入口拿走貴重財物,在離開時被王臣追趕,逃到那休息亭丟下東西逃走。然後王臣們來看不見盜賊,看見那鄉下人說"這是盜賊"抓住他把手臂緊緊綁在背後,第二天帶到國王面前。 國王問:"喂,你為什麼做盜賊的事?"他說:"陛下我不是盜賊,我是外來者。"國王找不到盜賊說:"就是這個盜賊,殺了他"下令。當王臣們把他緊緊綁住帶到刑場時,那女人看見他這樣被帶走認出他,心中震動立刻去國王那裡頂禮說:"陛下,這不是盜賊是外來者,請釋放他,陛下。" 國王不相信她的話說:"如果你想釋放他,給相應的財物就放了他。"她說:"主人,我家裡沒有財物。但請把我和我的七個兒子作為奴隸,釋放他,陛下。"這時國王說:"你說他是剛來的,你卻願意和兒子一起當奴隸。他是你的親戚還是恩人?"問道: 1 夫人我問汝疑惑,此人究竟為何人; 是汝兄弟或父親,丈夫或是夫弟否? 2 血親眷屬債主否,抑或施恩之恩人; 為何汝愿捨生命,救護此人請告知。 然後她說: 3 此人陛下昔日時,曾對我行大恩德; 孤獨無助我一人,處於死亡苦難中。 4 難產之時懷胎時,受苦無法生孩兒; 彼以清水供養我,因此我得安樂時。 5 波濤洶涌大海中,人們渡越大海時; 棄海欲

10.

Ahañca mama puttā ca, etenamha sukhāpitā;

Jīvitampi pariccajja, muccanīyo ayaṃ mayāti.

Tato rājā dovārikaṃ pakkositvā tampi pucchitvā adhunāgatabhāvaṃ ñatvā tassā sappurisadhamme santuṭṭho tesaṃ ubhinnampi mahantaṃ yasaṃ anuppadāsi. Te laddhayasā ta to paṭṭhāya dānādīni puññakammāni katvā saggaparāyaṇā ahesunti.

11.

Dhamme patiṭṭhitamanā api mātugāmā,

Evaṃ labhanti vibhavañca pasaṃsanañca;

Dhammañca sādhucaritaṃ manasīkaronto,

Dhammesu vattatha sadā sucisajjanāti.

Pānīyadinnassa vatthuṃ navamaṃ.

  1. Sahāyassa pariccattajīvitakassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Bhagavati parinibbute sāvatthiyaṃ somabrāhmaṇo somadattabrāhmaṇoti dve brāhmaṇā vasanti. Tattha somadattabrāhmaṇena saddhiṃ somabrāhmaṇo yebhuyyena dūtaṃ kīḷati. Athekadivasaṃ somadatto somabrāhmaṇaṃ tena parājetvā tassa uttarāsaṅgañca lañchanamuddikañca gahetvā attano gehaṃ gacchanto somabrāhmaṇassa ehi gehaṃ gacchā- māti āha. Tato somo nāhaṃ samma ekasāṭako hutvā antaravīthiṃ otarituṃ sakkomi. Gamanato ettheva me ṭhānaṃ varataranti āha, somadattena evaṃ sati samma imaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ gaṇhāti tassa taṃ datvā idāni samma ehīti vuttopi nāgacchati. Puna tena bho kasmā nāgacchasīti puṭṭho samma mama hatthe muddikaṃ apassantā me puttadārādayo mayā saddhiṃ kalahaṃ karontīti āha, atha so evaṃ sante yadā te pahoti. Tadā mayhaṃ dehīti muddikampi datvā taṃ gahetvā gehaṃ agamāsi. Atha te ettakena sahāyā ahesuṃ. Aparabhāge somadattabrāhmaṇaṃ ayaṃ paradārakammaṃ akāsīti manussā gahetvā rañño dassesuṃ. Rājā tassa rūpasampattiṃ disvā rājāṇaṃ akatvā mā bho puna evamakāsīti ovaditvā vissajjesi. Rājā naṃ yāvatatiyavāraṃ ovadanto vissajjetvā catutthevāre gacchathetaṃ āghātanaṃ netvā mārethāti āṇāpesi. Evaṃ pāpakamme niratā anekākārena ovadantāpi na sakkā nivāretuṃ. Tathāhi.

1.

Soṇā ceva sigālā ca, vāyasā nīlamakkhikā;

Iccete kuṇape sattā, na sakkā te nisedhituṃ.

2.

Tathā pāṇātipātesu, paradāre surāya ca;

Musāvādesu theyyesu, sattasattā na vāriyāti.

Tato rājapurisā taṃ bandhitvā pakkamiṃsu. Tadā somabrāhmaṇo somadattaṃ tathā nīyamānaṃ disvā kampamānahadayo rājapurisānaṃ santikaṃ gantvā imaṃ bho muhuttaṃ mā māretha. Yāva rājānaṃ jānāpessāmīti vatvā rañño santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā ṭhito deva mama jīvitaṃ somadattassa brāhmaṇassa dassāmi. Etaṃ muñcatha. Yadi māretukāmā, maṃ mārethāti āha. Rājā tuṇhī [tuṭṭho itikatthaci] ahosi, rājapurisā somadattaṃ muñcitvā somabrāhmaṇaṃ āghātanaṃ netvā māresuṃ, aho kataññuno kataveditā.

Hoti cettha.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 10 我與我諸子,蒙彼得安樂; 捨棄己生命,我當救護他。 然後國王叫來守門人詢問,知道他是剛來的,對她的善人之法感到滿意,給予他們兩人很大的榮耀。他們得到榮耀后從此行佈施等功德,死後投生天界。 11 女人心安住正法,如是獲得財與譽; 心常憶念諸善行,凈心善人住正法。 施水者的故事第九。 捨命朋友的故事之緣起 世尊入涅槃后,在舍衛城住著兩個婆羅門,蘇摩婆羅門和蘇摩達多婆羅門。其中蘇摩達多婆羅門經常與蘇摩婆羅門玩骰子。某天蘇摩達多贏了蘇摩婆羅門,拿走他的上衣和戒指,去自己家時對蘇摩婆羅門說:"來,我們回家。"然後蘇摩說:"朋友,我只穿一件衣服不能進入街道。比起走不如讓我待在這裡。"蘇摩達多說:"既然如此朋友拿這上衣。"給他那衣服后說:"朋友現在來吧"他也不來。 再被他問:"喂,為什麼不來?"他說:"朋友,我的妻子兒女看不見戒指在我手上會與我爭吵。"然後他說:"既然如此,等你有錢時還給我"把戒指也給了他帶他回家。這樣他們成為這樣的朋友。 後來人們抓住蘇摩達多婆羅門說"他犯邪淫"帶到國王面前。國王看見他的容貌不執行王法勸誡說:"喂,不要再這樣做"就放了他。國王三次勸誡放走他,第四次下令說:"把他帶到刑場殺了。"如是沉迷惡行的人即使多方勸誡也不能阻止。確實: 1 狗和野干鴉,以及蒼蠅等; 執著腐尸者,不能加禁止。 2 如是殺生者,邪淫飲酒等; 妄語與偷盜,執著難禁止。 然後王臣們把他綁起來離去。這時蘇摩婆羅門看見蘇摩達多這樣被帶走心中震動,去到王臣那裡說:"喂,暫時不要殺他。等我告訴國王。"說完去到國王面前頂禮站立說:"陛下,我要把生命給蘇摩達多婆羅門。請放了他。如果要殺就殺我。"國王沉默了。王臣們釋放蘇摩達多把蘇摩婆羅門帶到刑場殺了。啊,知恩報恩者。 這裡有:;

3.

Kakūpakāra mattānaṃ, sarantā keci mānusā;

Jīvitaṃ denti somova, somadattassa attanoti.

So tena jīvitadānena devaloke nibbattitvā mahante kanakavimāne devaccharāsahassaparivuto dibbasampattimanubhonto paṭivasati. Tadā somadattabrāhmaṇo eso maṃ maraṇappattaṃ mocesīti vatvā tassatthāya dānaṃ datvā pattiṃ adāsi. Tāvadevassa tato bahutaraṃ devissariyaṃ ahosi devānubhāvañca. Tato so somadevo attano devissariyaṃ olokento sahāyassa attano jīvitadānaṃ addasa. Disvā attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā māṇavakavaṇṇena somadattabrāhmaṇaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paṭisanthāraṃ katvā attānaṃ devaloke nibbattabhāvaṃ pakāsetvā taṃ gahetvā attano ānubhāvena devalokaṃ netvā yathākāmaṃ sampatti manubhavāti vatvā sattāhaṃ devassariyaṃ datvā sattame divase netvā tassa geheyeva patiṭṭhāpesi. Tattha hi dibbasampatti manubhūtassa manussasampatti paṭikkulā hoti. Tato so dibbasampattimanussaranto kiso dubbalo uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajāto ahosi. Athekadivasaṃ devaputto taṃ olokento tathā dukkhappattaṃ disvā na sakkā manussena dibbasampattimanubhavitunti icchiticchitasampattidāyakaṃ ekaṃ cintāmaṇiṃ datvā tassa bhariyampi attano ānubhāvena rūpavanthaṃ yasavantaṃ vaṇṇavantaṃ atikkantamanussitthivaṇṇaṃ akāsi, aparabhāge te jayampatikā paccakkhato diṭṭhadibbasampattivibhavā dānaṃ datvā sīlaṃ rakkhitvā sahāyadevaputtassa santikeyeva nibbattiṃsūti.

4.

Mandena nanditamanā upakārakena,

Pāṇampi denti sujanā iti cintayitvā;

Mittaddu mā bhavatha bho upakārakassa;

Pāsaṃsiyā bhavatha sādhujanehi niccaṃti.

Sahāyassa pariccattajīvitakassa vatthuṃ dasamaṃ.

Nandiyarājavaggo dutiyo.

Yakkhavañcitavaggo

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 3 某些憶恩德,人中極少數; 如蘇摩捨命,為救蘇摩達。 他因此捨命佈施投生天界,住在巨大金色天宮,有千位天女圍繞享受天界榮華。這時蘇摩達多婆羅門說:"他救我脫離死亡"為他佈施迴向功德。立即他得到更多天界榮耀和天界威力。然後那蘇摩天子觀察自己的天界榮耀看見朋友為自己捨命。看見后捨棄本身以少年形象接近蘇摩達多婆羅門,寒暄后顯示自己投生天界的事實,帶他以自己的威力去天界說:"隨意享受天界榮華"給他七天天界榮耀,第七天帶他回到他家安置。因為在那裡享受過天界榮華的人覺得人間榮華可厭。然後他憶念天界榮華變得消瘦衰弱面色蒼白。 這時天子觀察他看見他如此痛苦想:"人不能享受天界榮華"給他一顆如意寶珠能賜予想要的榮華,也以自己的威力使他的妻子變得美麗尊貴容色超越人間女子。後來這對夫婦親眼見到天界榮華威力,佈施持戒后投生到朋友天子那裡。 4 善人知微小,恩德報恩深; 捨命救恩人,如是應思量; 莫負友恩德,常為善人讚。 捨命朋友的故事第十。 歡喜王品第二。 夜叉欺騙品。

  1. Yakkhavañcita vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Bhagavati parinibbutamhi kosalarañño kira janapade tuṇḍagāmonāma ahosi. Tattheko buddhadāso nāma manusso 『『yāvajīvaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Buddho me saraṇaṃ tāṇaṃ leṇaṃ parāyaṇanti』』 evaṃ jīvitapariyantaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato paṭivasati, tasmiṃ samaye eko janapadavāsiko tattha tattha āhiṇḍanto taṃ tuṇḍagāmaṃ patvā tasseva ghare nivāsaṃ kappesi, tassa pana jānapadikassa sarīre eko yakkho āvisitvā pīḷeti, tadā tassa gāmassa pavisanakāle yakkho buddhadāso pāsakassa guṇatejena tassa gehaṃ pavisituṃ asakkonto taṃ muñcitvā bahigāme sattāhaṃ aṭṭhāsi tassāgamanaṃ olokento. Tato so jānapadiko sattadivasaṃ tattha vasitvā sattame divase sakaraṭṭhaṃ gantukāmo gāmā nikkhami. Atha taṃ tathā nikkhantaṃ disvā yakkho aggahesi, atha so taṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ kuhiṃgatosīti pucchi. Yakkho bho tavatthāya ettha vasantassa me sattāhaṃ atikkantanti. Tato so ko te mayā attho, kiṃ te dammīti, atha yakkhena bho ahaṃ khudāya pīḷito bhattena me atthoti vutto so evaṃ sati kasmā maṃ antogehe vasantaṃ na gaṇhīti āha. Yakkhena bho tasmiṃ ghare buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato eko upasako atthi, tassa sīlatejena gehaṃ pavisitumasakkonto aṭṭhāsinti vutto jānapadiko saraṇaṃ nāma kinti ajānanto kinti vatvā so saraṇaṃ aggahesīti yakkhaṃ pucchi. Yakkho 『『buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī』』ti vatvā saraṇaṃ aggahesīti āha. Taṃ sutvā jānapadiko idāni imaṃ vañcessāmīti cintetvā tenahi yakkha ahampi buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti āha. Evaṃ vuttamatteyeva yakkho mahāsaddaṃ karonto bha ye na bhamanto palāyi, evaṃ sammāsambuddhassa saraṇaṃ idhaloke bhayo paddava nivāraṇatthaṃ hoti, paraloke saggamokkhāvahaṃ. Tathāhi.

1.

Buddhoti vacanaṃ etaṃ, amanussānaṃ bhayāvahaṃ;

Buddhabhattikajantūnaṃ, sabbadā mudamāvahaṃ.

2.

Sabbopaddavanāsāya, paccakkhadibbamosadhaṃ;

Dibbamantaṃ mahātejaṃ, mahāyantaṃ mahabbhutaṃ.

3.

Tasmā so dāruṇo yakkho,

Disvā taṃ saraṇe ṭhithaṃ;

Ubbiggo ca bhayappatto,

Lomahaṭṭho ca chambhīto.

4.

Bhamanto dhāvitaṃ disvā, timirova suriyuggate,

Simbalitūlabhaṭṭhaṃva, caṇḍavātena khaṇḍitaṃ.

5.

Yaṃ dukkhaṃ rājacorāri, yakkhapetā disambhavaṃ;

Nicchantena manussena, gantabbaṃ saraṇattayaṃti.

Tato jānapadiko saraṇāgamane mahāguṇaṃ mahānisaṃsaṃ oloketvā buddhe sagāravo sappemo 『『jīvitapariyantaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī』』ti saraṇaṃ gantvā teneva saraṇāgamanānubhāvena jīvitapariyosāne suttappabuddhoviya devaloke nibbattīti.

6.

Disvāna evaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ taṃ,

Apenti yakkhāpi mahabbhayena;

Pāletha sīlaṃ saraṇañca tasmā,

Jahātha duritaṃ sugatiṃ bhajavhoti.

Yakkhavañcitavatthuṃ pathamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 欺騙夜叉的故事之緣起 世尊入涅槃后,據說在拘薩羅王的地方有一個名叫頓達的村子。那裡有一個名叫布達達薩的人,終身皈依佛陀說:"我終身皈依佛,佛是我的庇護、避難所和依怙"這樣終身皈依佛而住。那時一個鄉下人到處遊蕩到那頓達村住在他家。但那鄉下人身上有一個夜叉附身折磨他。那時在他進入村子時,夜叉因優婆塞的功德力量不能進入他的房子,放開他在村外站了七天等他出來。 然後那鄉下人在那裡住了七天,第七天想回自己的地方從村子出來。這時看見他這樣出來夜叉抓住他,然後他問:"你這麼長時間去哪裡了?"夜叉說:"喂,爲了你我在這裡等了七天。"然後他說:"你要我做什麼?我給你什麼?"然後夜叉說:"喂,我飢餓所逼需要食物。"他說:"既然如此為什麼不在屋內抓我?"夜叉說:"喂,那房子里有一個皈依佛的優婆塞,因他的戒德力量我不能進入房子所以站在外面。"鄉下人不知什麼是皈依問夜叉:"他說什麼話皈依的?"夜叉說:"他說'我皈依佛'而皈依。" 聽到這個鄉下人想:"現在我要欺騙他"說:"那麼夜叉我也皈依佛。"剛說完夜叉發出大聲恐懼顫抖逃走。如是正等正覺的皈依在此世間能避免恐怖災難,來世能得天界解脫。確實: 1 佛陀此一語,非人生恐怖; 信佛眾生等,常生歡喜心。 2 消除諸災難,現見神藥效; 天咒大威力,大機大奇蹟。 3 是故兇惡夜叉見, 彼人安住皈依中; 驚恐戰慄毛豎立, 顫抖恐懼心不安。 4 奔走逃避如見之, 如暗遇見日昇起; 如木棉絮被吹散, 狂風吹散諸塵埃。 5 王賊敵人等,夜叉餓鬼苦; 欲脫諸苦者,應當三皈依。 然後鄉下人看見皈依有大功德大利益,對佛生起恭敬愛樂說:"我終身皈依佛"而皈依,以此皈依威力命終如從睡眠醒來般投生天界。 6 如是見彼行皈依, 夜叉驚恐遠離去; 是故持戒行皈依, 舍離惡行生善趣。 欺騙夜叉的故事第一。

  1. Micchadiṭṭhikassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Bhagavati dharamāne rājagahanagare kira eko brahmabhattiko micchādiṭṭhiko paṭivasati, tattheva sammādiṭṭhikopi. Tesaṃ ubhinnampi dve puttā ahesuṃ. Te ekato kīḷantā vaḍḍhanti. Athāparabhāge guḷakīḷaṃkīḷantānaṃ sammādiṭṭhikassa putto 『『namo buddhayā』』ti vatvā guḷhaṃ khipanto divase divase jināti. Micchādiṭṭhikassa putto 『『namo brahmuno』』ti vatvā khipanto parājeti, tato micchādiṭṭhikassa putto niccaṃ jinantaṃ sammādiṭṭhikaṃ kumāraṃ disvā samma tvaṃ niccameva jināsi, kiṃ vatvā guḷaṃ khipasīti pucchi. Sohaṃ samma 『『namo buddhāyā』』ti vatvā khipāmīti āha. Sopi tato paṭṭhāya 『『namo buddhāyā』』ti vatvā khipati, atha te yebhuyyena dūte samasamāva honti. Aparabhāge micchādiṭṭhikassa putto pitarā saddhiṃ dārūnamatthāya vanaṃ gantvā sakaṭena dāruṃ gahetvā āgacchanto nagaradvārasamīpe sakaṭaṃ vissajjetvā tiṇe khādanatthāya goṇe vissajjesi, goṇā tiṇaṃ khādanto aññehi gorūpehi saddhiṃ antonagaraṃ pavisiṃsu. Athassa pitā goṇe pariyesanto sakaṭaṃ olokehīti puttaṃ nivattetvā nagaraṃ paviṭṭho ahosi, atha sāyaṇhe jāte manussā nagaradvāraṃ pidahiṃsu, tato kumāro bahinagare dārusakaṭassa heṭṭhā sayanto niddūpagato ahosi. Atha tassā rattiyā sammādiṭṭhiko ca micchādiṭṭhiko cāti dve yakkhā gocaraṃ pariyesamānā sakaṭassa heṭṭhā nipannaṃ kumāraṃ addasaṃsu, tesu micchādiṭṭhiko imaṃ khādāmīti āha. Athāparo mā eva makāsi, 『『namo buddhāyā』』ti vācako esoti, khādāmevetanti vatvā itarena yāvatatiyaṃ vāriyamānopi gantvā tassa pāde gahetvā ākaḍḍhi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe dārako pubbaparicayena 『『namo buddhāyā』』ti āha taṃ sutvā yakkho bhayappatto lomahaṭṭho hatthaṃ vissajjetvā paṭikkamma aṭṭhāsi. Aho acchariyaṃ buddhānubhāvaṃ abbhutaṃ, evaṃ attaṃ anīyyātetvā paricayena 『『namo buddhāyā』』ti vuttassapi bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ upaddavaṃ vā na hoti. Pageva attaṃ nīyyātetvā yāvajīvaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatassāti. Vuttañhi.

1.

Yathāpi sikhino nādaṃ, bhujaṅgānaṃ bhayāvahaṃ;

Evaṃ buddhoti vacanaṃ, amanussānaṃ bhayāvahaṃ.

2.

Yathā mantassa jappena, vilayaṃ yāti kibbisaṃ;

Evaṃ buddhoti vacanena, apayanti [pahāyanti itisabbattha] pisācakā.

3.

Aggiṃ disvā yathā sitthaṃ, dūratova vilīyati;

Disvānevaṃ saraṇagataṃ, petā pentiva [petāpentāva itikatthaci] dūrato.

4.

Pavaraṃ buddhaicceta, makkharadvayamabbhutaṃ;

Sabbo paddavanāsāya, thirapākāra muggataṃ.

5.

Sattaratanapāsādaṃ, tameva vajiraṃ guhaṃ;

Tameva nāvaṃ dīpaṃ taṃ, tameva kavacaṃ subhaṃ.

6.

Tameva sirasi bhāsantaṃ, kirīṭaṃ ratanāmayaṃ;

Lalāṭe tilakaṃ rammaṃ, kappūraṃ nayanadvaye.

7.

Tāḍaṅkaṃ kaṇṇayugale, soṇṇamālā gale subhā;

Ekāvaḷi tārahāra, bhārā jattusu laṅkatā.

8.

Aṅgadaṃ bāhumūlassa, karagge valayaṃ tathā;

Aṅgulisvaṅguliyañca, khaggaṃ maṅgalasammataṃ.

9.

Soṇṇā tapatta muṇhīsaṃ, sabāṇaṃva sarāsanaṃ;

Tameva sabbālaṅkāraṃ, tameva duritāpahaṃ.

10.

Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso,

Lokalocanasatthuno;

Saraṇaṃ tassa ganteva,

Guṇanāmaṃ ehipassikaṃ.

11.

Namoti vacanaṃ pubbaṃ, buddhāyeti giraṃ tadā;

Supantena kumārena, micchādiṭṭhikasūnunā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 邪見者的故事之緣起 據說世尊在世時,在王舍城(現今印度比哈爾邦王舍城)住著一個崇拜梵天的邪見者,也有一個正見者。他們兩人各有兩個兒子。他們一起玩耍長大。後來在玩彈球遊戲時,正見者的兒子說"南無佛陀"投球每天都贏。邪見者的兒子說"南無梵天"投球總是輸,然後邪見者的兒子看見正見者童子常常獲勝問:"朋友你總是贏,你投球時說什麼?"他說:"朋友我說'南無佛陀'而投。"他也從那時起說"南無佛陀"而投,這樣他們大多數時候平分秋色。 後來邪見者的兒子和父親一起去森林取柴,用車載柴回來時在城門附近放下車,放牛去吃草。牛吃草時和其他牛一起進了城。然後他父親找牛說:"你看著車"讓兒子留下自己進城。傍晚時人們關閉城門,然後童子在城外車下躺著睡著了。 這時夜裡一個正見和一個邪見兩個夜叉尋找食物看見躺在車下的童子。其中邪見者說:"我要吃了他。"另一個說:"不要這樣做,他是說'南無佛陀'的人。"說"我就要吃他"雖被另一個阻止三次還是去抓他的腳拉他。這時童子因過去習慣說"南無佛陀"。聽到這個夜叉恐懼毛豎立放開手退後站立。"啊,不可思議佛陀的威力,奇妙!如此未專心致志只因習慣說'南無佛陀'也不生恐懼戰慄災難。何況專心終身皈依佛的人。"如說: 1 如同孔雀鳴,令蛇生恐怖; 如是佛陀語,令非人恐懼。 2 如同誦咒語,能消諸罪業; 如是佛陀語,鬼魅皆遠離。 3 如見火蠟塊,遠處即融化; 如是見皈依,餓鬼遠處避。 4 殊勝佛此語,二種大神奇; 消除諸災難,堅固城墻升。 5 七寶之宮殿,金剛堅固洞; 彼即船與燈,彼即妙甲冑。 6 彼即頭上照,寶石所成冠; 額上妙點珠,眼中冰片香。 7 雙耳垂環飾,頸上金項鍊; 單串星寶鏈,肩上美莊嚴。 8 臂環手腕上,指鐲于手指; 指環各指上,吉祥寶劍佩。 9 金傘與頭冠,箭囊與弓箭; 彼即諸裝飾,彼即除罪惡。 10 是故智慧人, 世間眼導師; 皆當歸依彼, 功德名號顯。 11 南無初語言,佛陀后聲稱; 睡眠童子時,邪見者之子。

12.

Sutvā vuttaṃ pisā cāpi, manussakuṇape ratā;

Na hiṃsanti aho buddha, guṇasāramahantatāti.

Atha sammādiṭṭhikayakkho micchādiṭṭhikassa yakkhassa evamāha, ayuttaṃ bho tayā kataṃ. Buddhaguṇe pahāro dinno, daṇḍakammaṃ tayā kātabbaṃti, tena kiṃmayā samma kātabbanti vutte bubhukkhitassa āhāraṃ dehīti āha. Tato so sādhūti vatvā yāvāhaṃ āgacchāmi, tvaṃ tāvettha vacchāhīti vatvā bimbisārarañño kañcanataṭṭake vaḍḍhitaṃ rasabhojanaṃ āharitvā kumārassa pituvaṇṇena dārakaṃ bhojetvā puna kumārena vuttabuddhavacanañca attanā katavāyāmaṃ cāti sabbaṃ taṭṭake likhitvā idaṃ raññoyeva paññāyatūti adhiṭṭhāya agamaṃsu, atha pabhātāya rattiyā rañño bhojanakāle rājapurisā tattha taṭṭakaṃ adisvā nagaraṃ upaparikkhantā sakaṭe dārakañca taṭṭakañca disvā taṭṭakena saddhiṃ taṃ gahetvā rañño dassesuṃ. Rājā taṭṭake akkharādīni disvā vācetvā tassa guṇe pasanno mahantena yasena saddhiṃ seṭṭhiṭṭhānamadāsi.

13.

Jinassa nāmaṃ supinena pevaṃ,

Na hoti bhītiṃ lapanena yasmā;

Tasmā munindaṃ satataṃ sarātha,

Guṇe sarantā saraṇañca yāthāti.

Micchādiṭṭhikassa vatthuṃ dutiyaṃ.

  1. Pādapīṭhikāya vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe mahābodhito kira dakkhiṇapasse etaṃ paccantanagaraṃ ahosi. Tattha saddhāsampanno ratanattayamāmako eko upāsako paṭivasati. Tadā eko khīṇāsavo bhagavatā paribhuttaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ thavikāya pakkhipitvā gatagataṭṭhāne pūjento anukkamena taṃ nagaraṃ sampāpuṇitvā sunivattho supāruto pattaṃ gahetvā antaravīthiṃ paṭipajji yugamattadaso pabbajjālīlāya janaṃ paritosento. Atha so upāsako tathā gacchantaṃ theraṃ disvā pasannamānaso upagantvā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā pattaṃ gahetvā bhojetvā nibaddhaṃ mama gehaṃ āgamanamicchāmi, mamānukampāya ettheva vasatha sāmīti yācitvā nagarāsanne ramaṇīye vanasaṇḍe nadīkūle paṇṇasālaṃ katvā therassa taṃ nīyyātetvā catupaccayehi paṭijagganto mānento pūjento vasati. Theropi tattha phāsukaṭṭhāne bhagavatā paribhuttapādapīṭhadhātuṃ nidhāya vālukāhi thūpaṃ katvā niccaṃ gandhadhūpadīpapupphapūjādīhi pūjayamāno vāsaṃ kappeti. Tasmiṃ samaye tasso pāsakassa anantaragehavāsiko eko issarabhattiko attano devataṃ nibaddhaṃ namassati. Taṃ disvāssa upāsako buddhaguṇe vatvā akhette samma mā viriyaṃ karohi. Pajahetaṃ diṭṭhiṃti āha. Tato so kerāṭiko issarabhattiko ko te satthu guṇānubhāvo, amhākaṃ issarassa guṇova mahantoti vatvā tassa aguṇaṃ guṇanti kathento āha.

1.

Tipuraṃ so vināsesi, lalāṭanayanagginā;

Asureca vināsesi, tisūlena mahissaro.

2.

Jaṭākalāpamāvattaṃ, naccatī dinasandhiyaṃ;

Vādeti bherivīṇādiṃ, gītaṃcāpi sa gāyati.

3.

Bhariyāyo tassa tisso, jaṭāyekaṃ samubbahe;

Ekamekena passena, passamāno carekakaṃ.

4.

Hatthicammambaradharo, teneva vāritā tapo;

Asādisehi puttehi, rūpena ca supākaṭo.

5.

Ratiyā ca madhupāne ca, byāvaṭo sabbadā ca so;

Manussaṭṭhidharo sīsa, kapālenesa bhuñjaki.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 12 聞說鬼魅眾,貪食人尸者; 亦不加傷害,佛德廣大哉。 然後正見夜叉對邪見夜叉說:"喂,你做了不應做的事。你冒犯了佛陀功德,你應受懲罰。"他說:"朋友我該做什麼?"說:"給飢餓者食物。"然後他說:"好"說:"等我回來,你在這裡等。"去取了頻毗娑羅王(現今摩揭陀國王)金盤中的美味飲食,化作童子父親的樣子喂童子,然後把童子說的佛語和自己所做的努力都寫在盤上說:"只讓國王知道"發願后離去。天亮時國王用餐時,侍從們找不到盤子巡察城市看見車上有童子和盤子,帶著盤子把他帶到國王面前。國王看見盤上文字讀後對他的功德生信,給他很大榮耀和商主地位。 13 如是睡夢中稱佛名, 隨口唸誦無恐懼; 是故常念聖牟尼, 憶念功德行皈依。 邪見者的故事第二。 足踏板的故事之緣起 據說在閻浮提大菩提樹南邊有這個邊境城市。那裡住著一個具足信心皈依三寶的優婆塞。那時一位漏盡者把世尊用過的足踏板放在袋中,到處供養,漸次到達那城市,整齊著衣持缽進入街道,目視一尋之地以出家威儀令人歡喜。 然後那優婆塞看見長老這樣走來心生歡喜靠近五體投地頂禮,拿他的缽供養飲食請求說:"我希望您常來我家,請慈悲住在這裡,尊者。"在城市附近美麗的林中河岸造一草廬給長老,以四資具護持、尊敬、供養而住。長老也在那舒適處安置世尊用過的足踏板舍利,用沙土造塔常以香、燃香、燈、花等供養而住。 那時那優婆塞隔壁住一個崇拜自在天的人常常禮拜他的神。看見這個優婆塞說佛陀的功德說:"朋友不要在非福田上努力。請捨棄這見解。"然後那狡詐的自在天信徒說:"你的導師有什麼功德威力?我們的自在天的功德才大。"說他的過失為功德說: 1 他以額眼火焰力,毀滅三城摧壞盡; 以其三叉寶戟刺,破壞阿修羅眾生。 2 打結髮辮成螺髻,日暮時分舞蹈行; 鼓鐃鈸琴音樂奏,歌唱之聲常不停。 3 妻室彼有三位數,螺髻結成一盤形; 依偎一一身體側,獨自遊行觀看間。 4 身披象皮為衣裳,以此遮蔽苦行熱; 無比子女皆圍繞,容貌莊嚴極顯著。 5 常貪愛慾飲蜜酒,日日從事不暫停; 人骨為鬘戴頭上,顱骨為器受供品。

6.

Na jāto na bhayaṃ tassa, maraṇaṃ natthi sassato;

Īdiso me mahādevo, natthaññassīdiso guṇoti.

Taṃ sutvā upāsako samma tuyhaṃ issarassa ete guṇā nāma tāva hontu. Aguṇā nāma kittakā hontīti vatvā bhagavato sakalaguṇe saṃharitvā kathento āha.

7.

Loke sabbasavantīnaṃ, ādhāro sāgaro yathā;

Sabbesaṃ guṇarāsīnaṃ, ādhārova tathāgato.

8.

Carācarānaṃ sabbesaṃ, ādhārāva dharā ayaṃ;

Tathā guṇānaṃ sabbesaṃ, ādhārova tathāgato.

9.

Evaṃ santo viyattoca [viyanto itikatthaci], evaṃ so karuṇāparo;

Eva middhividhā tassa, evamevaṃ guṇā iti.

10.

Buddhopi sakkoti na yassa vaṇṇe,

Kappampi vatvā khayataṃ gametuṃ;

Pageva ca brahmasurā surehi,

Vattuṃ na hānantaguṇassa vaṇṇanti.

Evaṃ vadantā pana te ubhopi amhākaṃ devo uttamo amhākaṃ devo uttamoti kalahaṃ vaḍḍhetvā rañño santikamagamaṃsu, rājā tesaṃ kathaṃ sutvā tenahi tumhākaṃ devatānaṃ mahantabhāvaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyena jānissāma. Dassetha tehi no iddhiṃti nagare bheriṃ carāpesi. Ito kira sattāhaccayena imesaṃ dvinnaṃ satthārānaṃ pāṭihāriyāni bhavissanti. Sabbe sannipatantūti taṃ sutvā nānādisāsu bahū manussā samāgamiṃsu, atha micchādiṭṭhikā ajja amhākaṃ devassa ānubhāvaṃ passāmāti mahantaṃ pūjaṃ karonto tattha sāraṃ nāddasaṃsu, sammādiṭṭhikāpi ajja amhākaṃ bhagavato ānubhāvaṃ passissāmāti vāḷukāthūpaṃ gantvā gandhamālādīhi pūjetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā añjalimpaggayha aṭṭhaṃsu. Atha rājāpi balavāhanaparivuto ekamante aṭṭhāsi. Nānāsamayavādinopi ajja tesaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ passissāmāti mañcātimañcaṃ katvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Tesaṃ samāgame sammādiṭṭhikā vāḷukāthūpa mabhimukhaṃ katvā añjalimpaggayha sāmi amhākaṃ bhagavā sabbabuddhakiccāni niṭṭhāpetvā anupādisesāya nibbāṇadhātuyā parinibbāyi. Sāriputtamahāmoggallānādayo asītimahāsāvakāpi parinibbāyiṃsu, natthettha amhākaṃ aññaṃ paṭisaraṇanti vatvā saccakiriyaṃ karontā āhaṃsu.

11.

Āpāṇakoṭiṃ buddhassa, saraṇaṃ no gatā yadi;

Tena saccena yaṃ dhātu, dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃ.

12.

Āpāṇakoṭiṃ dhammassa, saraṇaṃ no gatā yadi;

Tena saccena yaṃ dhātu, dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃ.

13.

Āpāṇakoṭiṃ saṅghassa, saraṇaṃ no gatā yadi;

Tena saccena yaṃ dhātu, dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃ.

14.

Rāmakāle munindassa, pādukā cāsi abbhutā;

Tena saccena yaṃ dhātu, dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃ.

15.

Chaddantakāle munino, dāṭhā charaṃsirañjitā;

Tena saccenayaṃ dhātu, nicchāretu cha raṃsiyo.

16.

Jātamatto tadā buddho, ṭhito paṅkajamuddhani;

Nicchāresāsabhiṃvācaṃ, aggo seṭṭhotiādinā;

Tena saccenayaṃ dhātu, dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃ.

17.

Nimitte caturo disvā, nikkhanto abhinikkhamaṃ;

Tena saccena yaṃ dhātu, dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃ.

18.

Mārasenaṃ palāpetvā, nisinno bujjhi bodhiyaṃ;

Tena saccena yaṃ dhātu dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃ.

19.

Dhammacakkaṃ pavattesi, jino sipatane tadā;

Tena saccena yaṃ dhātu, dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃ.

20.

Nandopanandabhogindaṃ, nāgaṃ nālāgirivhayaṃ;

Āḷavakā dayo yakkhe, brahmāno ca bakā dayo.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 6 不生亦無懼,永恒無死亡; 如是大天神,功德無與比。 聽到這個優婆塞說:"朋友且讓你的自在天有這些功德。那過失又有多少呢?"說著總括世尊一切功德說: 7 如同大海水,容納諸河流; 如是如來佛,容攝諸功德。 8 如同此大地,承載動不動; 如是如來佛,攝持諸功德。 9 如是賢智者,如是大悲者; 如是神通力,如

21.

Saccakādinigaṇṭheca, kūṭadantā dayo dvije;

Damesi tena saccena, dassetu pāṭihāriyaṃti.

Evañca pana vatvā upāsakā amhākaṃ anukammaṃ paṭicca mahājanassa micchādiṭṭhibhedanattaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ dassetha sāmīti ārādhesuṃ. Atha buddhānubhāvañca therānubhāvañca upāsakānaṃ saccakiriyānubhāvañca paṭicca vāḷukāthūpaṃ dvidhā bhinditvā pādapīṭhadhātu ākāsa mabbhuggantvā chabbaṇṇaraṃsiyo vissajjentī vilāsamānā aṭṭhāsi. Atha mahājanā celukkhepasahassāni pavattentā sādhukīḷhaṃ kīḷantā mahānādaṃ pavattentā mahantaṃ pūjamakaṃsu. Micchādiṭṭhikāpi imaṃ acchariyaṃ disvā vimhitamānasā micchādiṭṭhiṃ bhinditvā ratanattayaparāyaṇā saraṇa magamaṃsūti.

22.

Phuṭṭhopi pādena jinassa evaṃ,

Kaliṅgaro pā si mahānubhāvo;

Lokekanāthassa anāsavassa,

Mahānubhāvo hi acintanīyoti.

Pādapīṭhikāya vatthuṃ tatiyaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 21 薩遮等尼乾,屈擔等婆羅; 調伏以此諦,請示神通力。 如是說完,優婆塞們說:"請慈悲我們顯現神通,為破除大眾邪見,尊者。"然後由於佛陀威力、長老威力和優婆塞們諦實語威力,沙塔分為兩半,足踏板舍利升上虛空,放射六色光芒莊嚴而立。然後大眾舉衣千重歡呼稱善,發出大聲做大供養。邪見者們看見這稀有事心生驚異,破除邪見皈依三寶而行皈依。 22 如是佛足所觸物, 木板亦具大威力; 世間唯一無漏尊, 大威神力不可思。 足踏板的故事第三。

  1. Uttarasāmaṇerassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

So kira purimabuddhesu [purimabuddhe itisabbattha] katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññaṃ upacinanto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle vijjādharo hutvā himavati paṭivasati. Tadā sumedho nāma sammāsambuddho viveka manubrūhanto himavantaṃ gantvā ramaṇīye padese pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisīdi. Tadā vijjādharo ākāsena gacchanto chabbaṇṇaraṃsīhi virājamānaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā tīhi kaṇikārapupphehi pūjesi, pupphāni buddhānubhāvena satthu upari chattākārena aṭṭhaṃsu, so tena bhīyyoso mattāya pasannacitto hutvā aparabhāge kālaṃkatvā tāvatiṃsabhavane nibbattitvā uḷāraṃ dibbasampattimanubhavanto yāvatāyukaṃ tattha ṭhatvā tato cuto devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahanagare brāhmaṇamahāsālassa putto hutvā nibbatti. Uttarotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So uttamarūpadharo viññutaṃ patto brāhmaṇavijjāsu nipphattiṃ patvā jātiyā rūpena vijjāya sīlācārena ca lokassa mahanīyo jāto, tassa taṃ paññāsampattiṃdisvā vassakāro magadhamahāmatto attano dhītaraṃ dātukāmo hutvā attano adhippāyaṃ pavedesi. So nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya taṃ paṭikkhipitvā kālenakālaṃ dhammasenāpatiṃ payirupāsanto tassa santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vattasampanno hutvā theraṃ upaṭṭhahati. Tena ca samayena therassa aññataro ābādho uppanno hoti, tassa bhesajjatthāya uttarasāmaṇero pātova pattacīvara mādāya vihārato nikkhamma antarāmagge taḷākassa tīre pattaṃ ṭhapetvā udakasamīpaṃ gantvā mukhaṃ dhovati, tadā aññataro ummaggacoro katakammo ārakkhapurisehi anubaddho aggadvāreneva nagarato nikkhamitvā palāyanto attanā gahitaṃ ratanabhaṇḍikaṃ sāmaṇerassa patte pakkhipitvā palāyi. So sāmaṇeropi pattasamīpaṃ [sattusamīpaṃ itipi katthaci] upagato hoti, coraṃ anubandhantā rājapurisā sāmaṇerassa patte bhaṇḍikaṃ disvā ayaṃ coro, iminā coriyaṃ katanti sāmaṇeraṃ pacchābāhaṃ bandhitvā vassakārassa brāhmaṇassa dassesuṃ. Vassakāro ca tadā rañño vinicchaye niyutto hutvā chejjabhejjaṃ anusāsati. So eso pubbe mama vacanaṃ nādiyi. Suddhapāsaṇḍiyesu pabbajīti ca baddhāghātattā taṃ kammaṃ asodhetvāva jīvantamevetaṃ sūle uttāsethāti āṇā pesi, rājapurisā taṃ nimbasūle uttāsesuṃ. Sāmaṇero sūlagge nisinno upajjhāyassa me ko bhesajjaṃ āharissatīti sāriputtattheraṃ sari. Tato thero taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā sammāsambuddhassa kathesi, bhagavāpi mahāsāvakaparivuto tassa ñāṇaparipākaṃ oloketvā taṃ ṭhānamagamāsi. Tato bhagavato nikkhantabhāvā sakalanagare kolāhalaṃ ahosi, mahājanakāyo sannipati. Atha bhagavā vipphurantahatthatale nakhamaṇimayūkhasambhinnapītābhāsatāya paggharantajātihiṅgulakasuvaṇṇarasadhārāviya jālāvaguṇṭhitamudutalunaṅgulaṃ hatthaṃ uttarassa sīse ṭhapetvā uttara idaṃ te pubbe katapāpakammassa phalaṃ uppannaṃ, tattha tayā paccavekkhaṇabalena adhivāsanā kātabbāti āha. Teneva āha.

1.

Atīte kira ekasmiṃ, gāme tva masi dārako;

Dārekehi samāgamma, kīḷanto keḷimaṇḍale.

2.

Gahetvā sukhumaṃ sūkaṃ, tadā tvaṃ nimbajalliyā;

Uttāsesi tattha sūle, jīvamānakamakkhikaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 優多羅沙彌的故事之緣起 據說他在前佛時代積累功德,在各處生中積累導向解脫的福德,在須彌陀佛時代成為持明者住在雪山。那時名為須彌陀的正等正覺佛為修習遠離而去雪山,在美麗之處結跏趺坐。那時持明者從空中飛過看見世尊放射六色光芒莊嚴,以三朵金鐘花供養,花因佛陀威力在佛陀上空形成傘蓋形狀,他因此更加歡喜,後來命終投生忉利天界享受殊勝天界榮華,壽盡后從那裡死去在天人中輪迴,在此佛出世時生為王舍城(現今印度比哈爾邦王舍城)婆羅門大富者之子。名為優多羅。 他具足殊勝相貌,到達成年通達婆羅門明論,以出身、容貌、學識、戒行為世人所尊敬。看見他智慧圓滿,摩揭陀大臣婆沙咖想把自己女兒嫁給他,表達了自己的意願。他因傾向出離而拒絕,時常親近法將(舍利弗)聽法獲得信心出家,具足戒行服侍長老。那時長老生病,為他取藥優多羅沙彌一大早拿著缽衣從精舍出來,在路上池塘邊放下缽去水邊洗臉。那時一個地下盜賊做完壞事被守衛追趕從城門出來逃跑,把自己偷的珠寶包裹放在沙彌的缽里逃走。那沙彌也走近缽邊,追趕盜賊的王的侍從們看見沙彌缽中的包裹說"這是盜賊,他做了盜竊"把沙彌背後綁起來帶到婆沙咖婆羅門面前。 婆沙咖當時受命在國王法庭判決死罪輕罪。他"這人以前不聽我的話,在純凈外道中出家"抱著仇恨心不查明事實下令說:"把他活活釘在木樁上。"王的侍從們把他釘在亞麻木樁上。沙彌坐在樁尖上想"誰給我的和尚帶藥呢"憶念舍利弗長老。然後長老知道這事告訴正等正覺佛,世尊也與大弟子眾觀察他智慧成熟去那地方。因世尊出行全城喧譁,大眾雲集。然後世尊放光的手掌指甲光芒散發黃色光輝,如流出天然硃砂金液般的光焰覆蓋柔軟如新芽的手放在優多羅頭上說:"優多羅這是你過去所做惡業的果報,你應以觀察力忍受。"因此說: 1 據說過去某村中,你那時是個童子身; 與諸童子相聚集,遊戲嬉戲遊樂時。 2 那時你取細木刺,塗抹亞麻樹樹汁; 木刺釘掛活蜜蜂,如今受報現此時。

3.

Aparampi te pāpakammaṃ, pavakkhāmi suṇohi me;

Ovadantiṃ hitena tvaṃ, atīte sakamātaraṃ.

4.

Jīvasūle nisīdāti, kopenābhisapī tuvaṃ;

Imehi dvīhi pāpehi, saraṃ saṃsārasāgare.

5.

Pañcajātisate acchi, jīvasūlamhi nimbaje;

Ayaṃ te carimā jāti, etthāpica vipacci soti.

Evamādinā nayena tassa ajjhāsayānurūpena dhammaṃ desesi, uttaro amatābhisekasadisena satthuno hatthasamphassasañjātapasādasomanassatāya uḷāraṃ pītipāmojjaṃ paṭilabhitvā yathāparicitaṃ vipassanāmaggaṃ samārūḷho ñāṇassa paripākaṃ gatattā satthu desanāvilāsena maggapaṭipāṭiyā sabbakilese khepetvā chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Dhammaṃ sutvā tattha samāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃ caturāsītipāṇasahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosīti vadanti. Uttaro pana chaḷabhiñño hutvā sūlato uṭṭhahitvā ākāse ṭhatvā pāṭihāriyaṃ dassesi. Mahājanā acchariyabbhutacittā jātā ahesuṃ. Tāvadevassa vaṇorundhi, so bhikkhūhi āvuso tādisaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavanto kathaṃ tvaṃ vipassanaṃ anuyuñjituṃ sakkhīti puṭṭho pageva me āvuso saṃsāre ādīnavo saṅkhārānañca sabhāvo sudiṭṭho. Tasmāhaṃ tādisaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavantopi asakkhiṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā visesaṃ adhigantuṃti āha. Athāparabhāge so bhikkhusaṅghamajjhe attano pubbacaritā padānaṃ pakāsento imā gāthā abhāsi.

6.

Sumedho nāma sambuddho, dvattiṃsavaralakkhaṇo;

Vivekakāmo sambuddho, himavanta mupāgami.

7.

Ajjhogahetvā himavantaṃ, aggo kāruṇiko muni;

Pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvāna, nisīdi purisuttamo.

8.

Vijjādharo tadā āsiṃ, antalikkhacaro ahaṃ;

Tisūlaṃ sukataṃ gayha, gacchāmi ambare tadā.

9.

Pabbatagge yathā aggi, puṇṇamāseva candimā;

Vanaṃ obhāsate buddho, sālarājāva phullito.

10.

Vanaggā nikkhamitvāna, buddharaṃsī vidhāvare;

Nalaggivaṇṇasaṅkāsā, disvā cittaṃ pasādayiṃ.

11.

Vicinaṃ addasaṃ pupphaṃ, kaṇikāraṃ devagandhikaṃ;

Tīṇi pupphāni ādāya, buddhaseṭṭhaṃ apūjayiṃ.

12.

Buddhassa ānubhāvena, tīṇi pupphāni me tadā;

Uddhavaṇṭā adhopattā, chāyaṃ kubbanti satthuno.

13.

Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhica;

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagañchahaṃ.

14.

Tattha me sukataṃ byamhaṃ, kaṇikārīti ñāyati;

Saṭṭhiyojana mubbedhaṃ, tiṃsayojanavitthataṃ.

15.

Sahassakhaṇḍaṃ satabheṇḍu, dhajālu haritāmayaṃ;

Satasahassāni byūhāni, byamhe pāturahaṃsu me.

16.

Soṇṇamayā maṇimayā, lohitaṅkamayā pica;

Phalikā pica pallaṅkā, yadicchaka yadicchakā.

17.

Mahārahañca sayanaṃ, tūlikaṃ vikatīyakaṃ;

Uddalomikaekantaṃ, bimbohanasamāyutaṃ.

18.

Bhavanā nikkhamitvāna, caranto devacārikaṃ;

Yadā icchāmi gamanaṃ, devasaṃghapurakkhato.

19.

Pupphassa heṭṭhā tiṭṭhāmi, uparicchadanaṃ mama;

Samantā yojanasataṃ, kaṇikārehi chāditaṃ.

20.

Saṭṭhituriyasahassāni, sāyaṃ pātaṃ upaṭṭhahuṃ;

Parivārenti maṃ niccaṃ, rattindivamatanditā.

21.

Tattha naccehi gītehi, tālehi vāditehi ca;

Ramāmi khiḍḍāratiyā, modāmi kāmakāmahaṃ.

22.

Tattha bhutvā ca pitvā ca, modāmi tidase tadā;

Nārīgaṇehi sahito, modāmi byamhamuttame.

23.

Satānaṃ pañcakkhattuñca, devarajja makārayiṃ;

Satānaṃ tīṇikkhattuṃca, cakkavattī ahosahaṃ;

Padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ, gaṇanāto asaṃkhiyaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 3 另一惡業我今說,請你傾聽我所言; 過去你對親生母,給予忠告善意時。 4 你以瞋怒咒詛她,愿你坐在活木樁; 以此兩種惡業果,輪迴大海中漂流。 5 五百生中常遭受,亞麻木樁之痛苦; 此為你最後一生,於此業報已成熟。 如此以適合他根性的方式說法,優多羅得到如甘露灌頂般世尊手觸所生信心喜悅,獲得殊勝喜悅歡喜,如往常修習觀禪之道,因智慧成熟藉著導師說法的加持次第斷盡一切煩惱成為六通羅漢。據說聽法的八萬四千天人眾生得法現觀。優多羅成為六通羅漢后從木樁起來,住在虛空顯現神通。大眾生起稀有驚異之心。他的傷口立即癒合,比丘們問:"朋友你遭受如此痛苦時如何能修習觀禪?"他說:"朋友我早已善見輪迴過患和諸行本性。所以即使遭受如此痛苦我也能增長觀禪證得殊勝。"然後後來他在比丘眾中宣說自己過去行跡說這些偈: 6 須彌陀正等覺,三十二相具足; 正覺喜遠離者,來到雪山之處。 7 最勝大悲牟尼,深入雪山之中; 結跏趺坐而坐,人中最上之尊。 8 我時為明咒者,飛行虛空自在; 善造三叉寶戟,時乘虛空而行。 9 如山頂上火光,如滿月放光明; 佛如沙羅王樹,開花照耀森林。 10 佛光從林梢出,光芒遍照四方; 如紅蓮花顏色,見已心生歡喜。 11 尋得金鐘樹花,香如天界花香; 我取三朵鮮花,供養最勝佛陀。 12 以佛威神力故,我的三朵鮮花; 花莖向下花向上,為導師作遮蔭。 13 以此善業功德,及發願心所致; 舍離人身之後,往生忉利天界。 14 于彼造善宮殿,名為金鐘花宮; 高六十由旬量,三十由旬寬廣。 15 千柱百椽莊嚴,旗旛綠寶所成; 十萬重樓宮闕,我宮殿中顯現。 16 黃金及摩尼寶,紅寶石所製成; 水晶等諸座椅,隨心所欲而成。 17 極其珍貴臥具,棉被種種裝飾; 一邊羊毛織物,配以枕頭靠墊。 18 從宮殿中出遊,遊行天界諸處; 我欲往詣何方,天眾前導而行。 19 立於花朵之下,為我作遮蓋傘; 周圍百由旬內,金鐘花遍覆蓋。 20 六萬樂器伴奏,朝暮恭敬侍奉; 常時圍繞於我,日夜不知疲倦。 21 于彼舞蹈歌唱,鼓樂演奏音聲; 我樂嬉戲歡樂,隨欲受諸娛樂。 22 于彼飲食享樂,三十三天歡喜; 與眾天女相伴,樂住最勝宮中。 23 五百次為天王,統領諸天界眾; 三百次作轉輪,統領閻浮提眾; 地方王位廣大,其數不可計算。

24.

Bhavābhave saṃsaranto, mahābhogaṃ labhāmahaṃ;

Bhoge me ūnatā natthi, buddhapūjāyi daṃ phalaṃ.

25.

Dve me bhave saṃsarāmi, devatte atha mānuse;

Aññaṃ gatiṃ na jānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

26.

Dve me kule pajānāmi, khattiye cāpi brāhmaṇe;

Nīce kule na jānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

27.

Hatthiyānaṃ assayānaṃ, sivikaṃ sandamānikaṃ;

Labhāmi sabbameve taṃ, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

28.

Dāsīgaṇaṃ dāsagaṇaṃ, nāriyo ca alaṅkatā;

Labhāmi sabba meve taṃ, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

29.

Koseyyakambaliyāni, khomakappāsikānica;

Labhāmi sabbamevetaṃ, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

30.

Navavatthaṃ navaphalaṃ, navaggarasabhojanaṃ;

Labhāmi sabbamevetaṃ, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

31.

Imaṃ khāda imaṃ bhuñja, imamhi sayane saya;

Labhāmi sabbamevetaṃ, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

32.

Sabbattha pūjito homi, yaso accuggato mama;

Mahesakkho ghadā homi, abhejjapariso sadā;

Ñātīnaṃ uttamo homi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

33.

Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ na jānāmi, pariḷāho na vijjati;

Atho cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ, hadaye me na vijjati.

34.

Suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hutvāna, saṃsarāmi bhavābhave;

Vevaṇṇiyaṃ na jānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

35.

Devalokā cavitvāna, sukkamūlena codito;

Sāvatthiyaṃ pure jāto, mahāsāle suaḍḍhake.

36.

Pañcakāmaguṇe hitvā, pabbajiṃanagāriyaṃ;

Jātiyā sattavassohaṃ, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

37.

Upasampādayī buddho, guṇamaññāya cakkhumā;

Taruṇova pūjanīyo haṃ, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

38.

Dibbacakkhuṃ visuddhaṃ me, samādhikusalo ahaṃ;

Abhiññāpāramippatto, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

39.

Paṭisambhidā anuppatto, iddhipādesu kovido;

Saddhamme pāramippatto, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

40.

Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, yaṃ buddhamabhipūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

41.

Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ, bhavā sabbe samūhatā;

Nāgova bandhanaṃ chetvā, viharāmi anāsavo.

42.

Svāgataṃ vata me āsi, buddhaseṭṭhassa santikaṃ;

Tisso vijjā anuppatto, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

43.

Paṭisambhidā catasso ca, vimekkhā pica aṭṭhime;

Chaḷabhiññā sacchikatā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃti;

Taṃ sutvā bahū kusalakammaparāyaṇā ahesuṃ.

44.

Sahetukā pacchimikāpi sattā,

Pāpaṃ na sakkonti jahātumevaṃ;

Anicchamānehi janehi dukkhaṃ,

Ārāva pāpaṃ parivajjanīyaṃti.

Uttarasāmaṇerassa vatthuṃ catutthaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 24 生生世世輪迴中,我獲得大財富; 我財富無缺少,此是供佛果報。 25 我輪迴兩種生,或天界或人間; 不知其他趣處,此是供佛果報。 26 我生兩種家族,剎帝利婆羅門; 不知生卑賤家,此是供佛果報。 27 象乘與馬車乘,轎子及華麗車; 我得此一切物,此是供佛果報。 28 女僕眾男僕眾,裝飾美麗婦女; 我得此一切物,此是供佛果報。 29 絲綿毛織衣裳,麻布與棉織物; 我得此一切物,此是供佛果報。 30 新衣與新鮮果,新鮮美味飲食; 我得此一切物,此是供佛果報。 31 此可食此可飲,此床可供安臥; 我得此一切物,此是供佛果報。 32 處處受人尊敬,名聲達到最高; 常具大威勢力,眷屬永不分離; 親族中最尊貴,此是供佛果報。 33 不知冷與熱惱,無有煩惱逼迫; 而且內心痛苦,我心中不存在。 34 具足金色之身,生生世世輪迴; 不知容色衰變,此是供佛果報。 35 從天界命終后,善根力所推動; 生於舍衛城中,富貴大家族中。 36 舍離五欲之樂,出家無家生活; 七歲童子之身,證得阿羅漢果。 37 佛陀知我功德,為我授具足戒; 年少即受尊敬,此是供佛果報。 38 清凈天眼具足,善巧入于禪定; 證得神通究竟,此是供佛果報。 39 獲得無礙解通,神足通中善巧; 正法達到究竟,此是供佛果報。 40 三萬大劫之前,我曾供養彼佛; 不知墮惡趣處,此是供佛果報。 41 我諸煩惱燒盡,一切有已斷除; 如象斷諸繫縛,我住無漏之境。 42 我善來親近此,最勝佛陀之處; 獲得三明神通,完成佛陀教法。 43 四無礙解通達,八解脫亦證得; 六神通已實證,完成佛陀教法。 聽聞此後許多人致力於善業。 44 有因最後之眾生, 不能如是舍惡業; 不願之人受痛苦, 應當遠離諸惡業。 優多羅沙彌的故事第四。

  1. Kavīrapaṭṭana vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Jambudīpe kira coḷaraṭṭhe kāvīrapaṭṭanaṃ nāma ahosi. Tattha māhissarikā bahū micchādiṭṭhikā vasanti. Tatthekasmiṃ devālaye cittakammaṃ karontā ekasmiṃ phalake issarassa onamitvā vandanākāraṃ bhagavato rūpaṃ akaṃsu. Tasmiṃ samaye tattha bahū upāsakā taṃ devakulaṃ gantvā tattha tattha cittakammāni olokentā tasmiṃ phalake taṃ cittakammaṃ addasaṃsu. Disvāna te aho amhehi apassitabbaṃ passitaṃ. Sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyāsadevamanussāya pajāya ca aparimāṇesu cakkavāḷesu bhagavato uttaritaraṃ ṭhapetvā samasamopi natthi. Sakalehi sattanikāyehi vandanīyo pūjanīyo bhagavā. Ananurūpaṃ tassa etehi kataṃti rodantā paridevantā rājadvāraṃ gantvā ugghosesuṃ, taṃ sutvā rājā te pakkosāpetvā kasmā tumhe ugghosethāti pucchi, te eva māhaṃsu. Deva amhākaṃ bhagavā devātidevo sakkātisakko brahmātibrahmā meruva acalo sāgaro gambhīro ākāsova ananto pathavīva patthaṭotiādīhi bhagavato guṇaṃ vaṇṇesuṃ. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne.

1.

Battiṃsalakkhaṇadharo, sunakkhattova candimā;

Anubyañjanasampanno, sālarājāva phullito.

2.

Raṃsijālaparikkhitto, dittova kanakācalo;

Byāmappabhāparivuto, sataraṃsi divākaro.

3.

Soṇṇā nano jinavaro, samaṇīva siluccayo;

Karuṇāpuṇṇahadayo, vivaṭṭo viya sāgaro.

4.

Lokavissutakittīva, sineruva naguttamo;

Yasasā vitato dhīro, ākāsasadiso muni.

5.

Asaṅgacitto sabbattha, anilo viya nāyako;

Patiṭṭhā sabbabhūtānaṃ, mahīva munisuttamo.

6.

Anūpalitto lokena, toyena padumaṃ yathā;

Kuvādagacchadahano, aggikkhandhova sobhati.

7.

Agado viya sabbattha, kilesavisanāsako;

Gandhamādanaselova, guṇagandhavibhūsito.

8.

Guṇānaṃ ākaro dhīro, ratanānaṃva sāgaro;

Sindhūva vanarājīnaṃ, kilesamalahārako.

9.

Vijayīva mahāyodho, mārasenappamaddano;

Cakkavattīva so rājā, bojjhaṅgaratanissaro.

10.

Mahābhisakkasaṅkāso, dosabyādhitikicchako;

Sallakatto yathā vejjā, diṭṭhigaṇḍaviphālako.

11.

Satthā no bhagavā deva, mahābrahmehi vandito;

Devindasurasiddhehi, vandanīyo sadā darā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 迦毗羅城的故事之緣起 據說在閻浮提的朱羅國(現今印度東南部)有一座名為迦毗羅的城市。那裡住著許多信奉大自在天的邪見者。在那裡一座天廟中畫畫時,在一塊木板上畫了向大自在天頂禮的世尊形象。那時許多優婆塞去那天廟,觀看各處壁畫時看見那木板上的畫。看見后說:"啊!我們看見了不應該看的。在天界、魔界、梵界,包括沙門、婆羅門、天人眾生中,乃至無量世界中,除了世尊最上之外,沒有與他相等者。世尊應受一切眾生禮拜供養。這些人對他做了不恰當的事。"他們哭泣悲嘆去到王門大聲呼喊,國王聽到召他們來問:"你們為什麼呼喊?"他們這樣說,大王說:"我們的世尊是天中之天、帝釋中之帝釋、梵天中之梵天,如須彌山不動,如大海深邃,如虛空無邊,如大地廣闊。"等等讚歎世尊功德。因此《譬喻經》說: 1 具足三十二相好,如星月般莊嚴身; 具足諸隨好莊嚴,如開花沙羅王樹。 2 光明網路所圍繞,如金山般放光明; 一尋光明所圍繞,如百光晝日之王。 3 勝者金色如山王,如山嶽般莊嚴立; 悲心充滿於心中,如大海般廣無邊。 4 名聲世間皆聞知,如須彌山最高峰; 智者名聲遍十方,如虛空般無邊際。 5 心無執著遍一切,如風吹拂無障礙; 為諸眾生作依止,如大地般承載眾。 6 不為世間所染著,如蓮花不著水滴; 能焚盡諸邪見論,如火聚般甚光明。 7 如良藥治一切病,能除煩惱毒遍處; 如香醉山具香氣,功德香氣所莊嚴。 8 智者功德之源泉,如大海藏諸珍寶; 如河流凈諸林木,能除煩惱諸垢穢。 9 如大勇士獲勝利,能破魔軍諸軍眾; 如轉輪王具威德,七覺支寶之君主。 10 如大醫王現世間,能治煩惱諸病苦; 如外科醫善治病,能破邪見諸腫瘤。 11 我等導師世尊尊,為大梵天所頂禮; 天王修羅成就者,常日恭敬而禮拜。

12.

Sabbesu cakkavāḷesu, ye aggā ye ca pūjitā;

Tesamaggo mahārāja, bhagavā no patāpavāti.

Ayuttaṃ deva devakulehi kataṃti āhaṃsu. Taṃ sutvā rājā bho sabbepi manussā attano attano devatānaṃ mahantabhāvaṃ kathenti. Tumhākaṃ pana satthuno mahantabhāvaṃ kathaṃ amhākaṃ jānāpethāti, upāsakā na garu tvaṃ mahārāja phalakaṃ āharāpetvā suddhavatthena veṭhetvā taṃ attano muddikāya lañchitvā surakkhitasugopite ekasmiṃ devakule ṭhapetvā sattāhaccayena āharāpetvā taṃ oloketha, tadā no satthuno mahantānubhāvaṃ jānāthāti āhaṃsu, atha rājā tesaṃ vuttaniyāmeneva kārāpetvā antodevakule ṭhapetvā sabbadvārāni pidahitvā lañchetvā rakkheyyāthāti niyojesi. Tato te upāsakā sabbe sannipatitvā sattāhaṃ dānaṃ dentā sīlaṃ rakkhantā uposathakammaṃ karontā sabbasattesu mettiṃ bhāventā sabbasattānaṃ attanā katapuññesu pattiṃ dentā tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ pūjaṃ karontā evaṃ ugghosesuṃ. Amhākaṃ katakusalanissandena loke mahiddhikā mahānubhāvā sabbe devā ca lokaṃ pālentā cattāro mahārājāno ca amhākaṃ satthuno upaṭṭhānāya [upaṭṭhāya itisabbattha] ṭhitabhāvaṃ dassentūti saccakiriyaṃ akaṃsu. Atha tesaṃ puññānubhāvena tasmiṃ khaṇe sakkassa devarañño paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ dassesi. Tato so manussalokaṃ olokento micchādiṭṭhīhi kataṃ taṃ vippakāraṃ disvā saṃviggo āgantvā issaraṃ bhagavato pāde vanditvā sayitākāraṃ katvā taṃ pavattiṃ upāsakānaṃ kathetvā sakaṭṭhānameva agamāsi. Tato sattame divasepātova te sabbepi rañño santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā evamāhaṃsu. Deva issaro amhākaṃ bhagavato pāde sirasā vanditvā nipannoti. Atha rājā tesaṃ kathaṃ sutvā nagare bheriṃ carāpetvā mahājane sannipātetvā tehi parivuto devakulaṃ gantvā lañchaṃ bhindāpetvā dvāraṃ vivaritvā phalakaṃ āharāpetvā veṭhitasāṭake mocāpesi. Atha rājā ca mahājano ca taṃ mahantaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā micchādiṭṭhiṃ pahāya sabbe satthuno saraṇa magamaṃsu. Atha rājā taṃ devakulaṃ bhindāpetvā mahantaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ vihāraṃ kārāpetvā yāvajīvaṃ puññakammaṃ katvā devaloke nibbatti.

13.

Anabbhutaṃ satthu dharīyamāne,

Karonti disvā kusalāni iddhiṃ;

Ye taṃ muninde parinibbutamhi,

Karonti puññāni mahabbhūtaṃ yeti.

Kāvīrapaṭṭanavatthuṃ pañcamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 12 一切諸世界中,最上受供養者; 他們之最尊者,大王我等世尊。 "大王,天廟所做不當。"他們這樣說。聽到這個國王說:"諸位,所有人都說自己的神明最偉大。你們如何讓我們知道你們導師的偉大呢?"優婆塞們說:"大王這不難,請取來那木板用潔凈布包裹,用你的璽印封印,放在一個守衛嚴密的天廟中,七日後取出觀看,那時你就會知道我們導師的大威力。"於是國王按照他們說的做了,放在天廟內關閉所有門並封印命人守衛。 然後那些優婆塞們全部聚集,七日中佈施、持戒、持齋、修習慈心、迴向功德給一切眾生、供養三寶,這樣宣說:"以我們所作善業果報,愿世間大威力大神通的一切天神和護世四大天王顯現他們前來侍奉我們導師的情形。"他們作此諦實語。然後以他們功德威力,那時帝釋天王的黃金石座顯現熱相。於是他觀察人間看見邪見者們所做的這不當之事,心生警惕來到向大自在天的世尊足下禮拜,顯現臥躺相,告訴優婆塞們這事後回到自己處所。 然後第七日一大早他們都去到國王處禮拜說:"大王,大自在天以頭禮拜我們世尊足下躺臥。"於是國王聽了他們的話在城中敲鼓召集大眾,與眾人圍繞去到天廟,打開封印打開門取出木板解開包裹布。然後國王和大眾看見這大神變,捨棄邪見全都皈依導師。然後國王命人拆除那天廟建造莊嚴精舍,終身行善業死後投生天界。 13 導師舍利留存時, 見已行善非稀有; 牟尼入般涅槃后, 修諸功德大稀有。 迦毗羅城的故事第五。

  1. Coraghātakavatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Ekasmiṃ kira samaye amhākaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ upanissāya jetavane viharati dhammadesanāya mahājanassa saggamokkhasampadaṃ dadamāno. Tasmiṃsamaye pañcasatā corā aṭavito nagaraṃ āgantvā rattibhāge corakammaṃ katvā tena puttadāre posenti. Athekadivasaṃ corā corakammatthāya nagaraṃ pavisantā nagaradvāre ekaṃ dukkhitaṃ janapadamanussaṃ passitvā hambho kattha vasatīti pucchiṃsu, so attajanā janapadavāsibhāvaṃ pakāsesi. Athassa te kasmā bho iminā dukkhavāsena vasissasi, ehi amhehi saddhiṃ corakammaṃ karonto vatthālaṅkārasampanno puttadāraṃ posehi. Iminā kapaṇavāsena na vasāti āhaṃsu. So panime yuttaṃ kathentīti tesaṃ vacanaṃ sampaṭicchi. Atha te evaṃ sati amhehi saddhiṃ āgacchāhīti vatvā naṃ gahetvā antonagaraṃ paviṭṭhā tattha tattha vilumpantā corakammaṃ akaṃsu. Tadā jānapadiko laddhavibhavo imameva varataranti tehi saddhiṃ corakammaṃ karonto jīvikaṃ kappesi, athekadivasaṃ rājapurisā katakamme te sabbeva gahetvā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhaṃ bandhitvā kosalarañño dassesuṃ, rājā te disvā evamāha, bhaṇe tumhākaṃ antare yo etesaṃ māretvā jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpessati, tassa jīvitadānaṃ dammīti, taṃ sutvā te corā sabbe aññamaññañātisuhadasambandhabhāvena taṃ na icchiṃsu. So pana janapadavāsī manusso ahamete sabbe māressāmīti rañño vatvā tenānuññāto te sabbe māresi. Taṃ disvā tuṭṭho rājā tassa coraghātakammaṃ adāsi. So core ca vajjhappatte ca mārento pañcavīsativassāni vasanto aparabhāge mahallako ahosi. Atha so mandabalattā katipayapahārenāpi coraṃ māretuṃ na sakkoti, rājā taṃ ñatvā aññassa coraghātakammaṃ adāsi. Atha so coraghātakammā [coraghātakamma itipikatthaci] parihīno attano gehe vasati. Tadā aññataro manusso mantaṃ parivattetvā nāsāvātena manussamāraṇakamantaṃ jānāti. Tathāhi hatthapādakaṇṇanāsasīsādīsu yaṃkiñci chejjabhejjaṃ kattukāmo mantaṃ parivattetvā nāsāvātaṃ vissajjeti. Taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ chijjati bhijjati, evaṃ mahānubhāvo so manto, atha so taṃ purisaṃ upaṭṭhahitvā mantaṃ labhitvā rañño sāsanaṃ pesesi . Ahaṃ ito pubbe mahallakattā corānaṃ hatthapādādayo dukkhena chejja bhejjaṃ karomi, māretabbepi dukkhena māremi. Idāni panāhaṃ tathā na karomi, mama mantānubhāvena chejjabhejjakammaṃ karissāmīti. Rājā taṃ sāsanaṃ sutvā sādhūti taṃ pakkosāpetvā ṭhānantaraṃ tasseva pākatika makāsi. So tato paṭṭhāya taṃ kammaṃ karonto puna pañcavassāni atikkāmesi. So mahallako khīṇāyuko dubbalo maraṇamañcaparāyaṇo hutvā maraṇavedanādukkhena mahantena bhayānakena saddena vissaraṃ viravanto nimīlitena cakkhunā bhayānakaṃ narakaggijālāpajjalantaayakūṭamuggaradhare nirayapāle ca passanto nipanno hoti, tato tassa paṭivissakagehe manussā tassa bhayānakasaddasavaṇena gehaṃ chaṭṭetvā palāyiṃsu. Tasmiṃ kira divase mahāsāriputtatthero dibbacakkhunā lokaṃ olokentā taṃ coraghātakaṃ tadaheva kālaṃkatvā niraye nibbattamānaṃ disvā mayi tattha gate panesa mayi pasādena sagge nibbattatīti ñatvā ajja mayā tassānuggahaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā tassa gharadvāra magamāsi.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 26.處決盜賊者的故事之緣起 據說一時我們的世尊住在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦)附近的祇園精舍,以說法給予大眾天界解脫成就。那時五百盜賊從森林來到城裡,夜間做賊養活妻兒。一天盜賊們為行竊進城時,在城門見到一個痛苦的鄉下人,問他:"喂,你住在哪裡?"他表明自己是鄉下人。然後他們對他說:"喂,你為什麼要過這種痛苦的生活,來和我們一起做賊,穿著裝飾豐富養活妻兒。不要過這種貧困生活。"他想:"這些人說得有理",接受了他們的話。然後他們說:"如此你就跟我們來吧",帶他進入城內到處偷盜行竊。那時鄉下人得到財物認為這更好,就和他們一起做賊謀生。 一天,王的侍從抓獲他們所有人,緊緊綁住手臂帶到憍薩羅王面前。國王見了說:"喂,你們當中誰能處死這些人,我就給他活命。"聽到這話,那些盜賊因彼此親友關係都不願意。但那鄉下人對國王說"我要殺死這些人",得到國王允許后殺死了所有人。國王見了很高興,給了他處決盜賊的工作。他處決盜賊和死刑犯二十五年後變成老人。然後因體力衰弱即使多次擊打也不能殺死盜賊,國王知道后把工作給了別人。 於是他失去處決工作住在自己家裡。那時有一個人轉念咒語知道用鼻氣殺人的咒語。即是想要切割手腳耳鼻頭等任何部位時,轉念咒語放出鼻氣,那個部位就會被切斷破壞,如此這咒語有大威力。然後他侍奉那人獲得咒語後派人向國王傳話:"我以前因為年老要費力切斷盜賊手腳等,要殺也很費力。現在我不會這樣,我要用咒語威力來做切割工作。"國王聽到這訊息說"很好",召他來恢復他原來的職位。從那以後他做這工作又過了五年。 他年老壽命將盡衰弱,臥床臨死,以死亡痛苦發出巨大可怕聲音哭叫,閉著眼睛看見可怕的地獄火焰燃燒和手持鐵錘的獄卒而臥著。因此他鄰居家的人聽到他可怕的聲音都丟下房子逃走。據說那天大舍利弗長老以天眼觀察世間,看見那處決者今天命終即將投生地獄,知道"如果我去那裡他因對我生信會投生天界",想"今天我應該幫助他"在上午穿好衣服去到他家門。

Atha so theraṃ disvā kuddho kopena taṭataṭāyamānadeho ajja taṃ vijjhitvā phāletvā māressāmīti nipannova mantaṃ parivattetvā nāsāvātaṃ vissajjesi, thero tasmiṃ khaṇe nirodhasamāpanno nirodhā vuṭṭhāya suriyo viya virocamāno aṭṭhāsi, atha so therassa tayo vāre tatheva katvā kiñci kātuṃ asakkonto ativiya vimhitacitto there cittaṃ pasādetvā attano paṭiyattaṃ pāyasaṃ therassa dāpesi, thero maṅgalaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vihārameva agamāsi, coraghātako therassa dinnadānaṃ anussaranto tasmiṃ khaṇe kālaṃ katvā sagge nibbatti. Aho vītarāgānaṃ buddhaputtānaṃ ānubhāvo. Evaṃ narake nibbattamānopissa balena sagge nibbattoti. Tathāhi.

1.

Dānaṃ tāṇaṃ manussānaṃ, dānaṃ duggativāraṇaṃ;

Dānaṃ saggassa sopānaṃ, dānaṃ santikaraṃ paraṃ.

2.

Icchiticchitadānena, dānaṃ cintāmaṇī viya;

Kapparukkhova sattānaṃ, dānaṃ bhaddaghaṭoviya.

3.

Sīlavantassa dānena, cakkavattisirimpi ca;

Labhanti sakkasampattiṃ, tathā lokuttaraṃ sukhaṃ.

4.

Pāpakammesu nirato, ṭhitoyaṃ narakāyane [narakāvane itipikatthaci];

Sāriputtassa therassa, piṇḍapātassa vāhasā.

5.

Apāyaṃ parivajjetvā, nekadukkhasamākulaṃ;

Devasaṅghaparibbūḷho, gato devapuraṃ varaṃ.

6.

Tasmā sukhette saddhāya, detha dānāni kāmadaṃ;

Dānaṃ dentehi sīlampi, pālanīyaṃtisundaranti [pālanaṃcātisundaraṃ itipikatthaci].

Atha bhikkhū dhammasabhāyaṃ sannipatitvā nisinnā bhagavantaṃ pucchiṃsu, kiṃbhante so pāpo catūsu apāyesu katarasmiṃ nibbattoti. Atha satthā ajjesa bhikkhave sāriputtassa dinnadānānubhāvena devaloke nibbatto, tasseva nissandena anāgate paccekabuddho bhavissatīti byākāsīti.

7.

Bho sāriputte nihitappadānaṃ,

Khaṇena pāpeti hi saggamaggaṃ;

Tasmā sukhettesu dadātha dānaṃ,

Kāmattha ce saggamokkhaṃ parattha.

Coraghātakavatthuṃ chaṭṭhamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 於是他見到長老生氣,身體顫抖躺著想:"今天我要刺穿切碎殺死你",轉念咒語放出鼻氣。長老那時入滅盡定,從滅盡定出定如太陽般光耀而立。然後他對長老如此做三次,不能做什麼非常驚訝,對長老生起信心令人供養自己準備的乳粥給長老。長老祝福后回到精舍,處決者憶念給長老佈施那時命終投生天界。啊!離欲佛子的威力多麼大啊。如此將要投生地獄的人因他的力量而投生天界。因此: 1 佈施是人之保護,佈施能遮惡趣道; 佈施是生天階梯,佈施最能造寂靜。 2 佈施如如意寶珠,能滿一切所愿求; 佈施如眾生如意,又如吉祥寶瓶水。 3 對持戒者行佈施,能得轉輪聖王位; 能得帝釋天王樂,乃至出世安樂果。 4 此人樂於作惡業,立於地獄林之中; 因舍利弗大長老,托缽食物之力故。 5 避脫充滿諸苦惱,無量痛苦之惡趣; 為諸天眾所圍繞,往生殊勝天界城。 6 是故信心善田中,佈施能滿諸所愿; 佈施之人亦當守,美好清凈諸戒行。 然後比丘們在法堂集會坐下問世尊:"尊者,那個罪人投生在四惡趣中哪一趣?"然後導師說:"比丘們,今天他因給舍利弗佈施的威力投生天界,以此餘勢將來會成為辟支佛。" 7 對舍利弗行佈施, 剎那能得生天道; 是故應施善福田, 若欲天界解脫果。 處決盜賊者的故事第六。

  1. Saddhopāsakassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Atīte kira kassapadasabalassa kāle eko puriso saddho ratanattayesu pasanno ucchuyantakammena jīvikaṃ kappento paṭivasati. Atha so ekaṃ gilānabhikkhuṃ disvā tassa uḷuṅkamattaṃ sappiṃ adāsi, tathevekassa bhikkhussa ekaṃ guḷapiṇḍaṃ adāsi, athāparasmiṃdivase ekaṃ chātajjhattaṃ sunakhaṃ disvā tassa bhattapiṇḍena saṅgaha makāsi, athekassa iṇaṭṭhakassa ekaṃ kahāpaṇaṃ adāsi, athekadivasaṃ dhammaṃ suṇamāno dhammadesakassa bhikkhussa sāṭakaṃ pūjesi, so ettakaṃ puññakammaṃ katvā bhavesu caramānohaṃ samuddapabbatādīsupi yaṃ yaṃ icchāmi. Taṃ taṃ samijjhatūti patthanaṃ akāsi, so aparabhāge kālaṃ katvā teheva kusalamūlehi suttappabuddho viya devaloke nibbattitvā tattha mahantaṃ dibbasampattiṃ anubhavitvā tato cuto amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle sāvatthiyaṃ mahaddhane mahāsālakule nibbattitvā tato so viññutaṃ patto kālena kālaṃ dhammaṃ suṇanto gharāvāse ādīnavaṃ pabbajjāya ca ānisaṃsaṃ sutvā pabbajito na cireneva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. So aparabhāge satthāraṃ vanditvā pañcasatabhikkhuparivāro ugganagaraṃ agamāsi, tattha seṭṭhino bhariyā saddhā ahosi pasannā. Sā theraṃ pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ bhikkhāya carantaṃ disvā turitaturitā gantvā therassa pattaṃ gahetvā saddhiṃ pañcasatehi bhikkhūhi bhojetvā theraṃ tattha nibaddhavāsatthaṃ yācitvā pañcasatakūṭāgārāni kārāpetvā alaṅkaritvā pañcasatabhikkhū tattha vāsentī nibaddhaṃ catupaccayehi upaṭṭhānamakāsi. Tato thero taṃ pañcasu sīlesu patiṭṭhāpetvā tattha yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā aññatta gantukāmo anupubbena paṭṭanagāmaṃ agamāsi, tattha vasitvā tato nāvaṃ abhiruyha pañcasatabhikkhūhi parivuto samuddapiṭṭhena gacchati, samuddaṃ tarantassa tassa sāgaramajjhe udaravāto samuṭṭhahitvā pīḷeti, taṃ disvā bhikkhū bhante idaṃ pubbe kena vūpasamessatīti pucchiṃsu, thero pubbe me āvuso uluṅkamatte sappipīte rogo vūpasammatīti āha, bhikkhū bhante samuddapiṭṭhe kathaṃ sappiṃ labhissāma, adhivāsethāti āhaṃsu, taṃ sutvā therena [theronanoāyasmantā itisabbattha] na no āyasmantā sappi dullabhā, mama pattaṃ gahetvā samuddodakaṃ uddharitvā ānethāti vutte bhikkhū tathā akaṃsu. Uddhaṭamattameva taṃudakaṃ parivattetvā sappi ahosi, atha bhikkhū taṃ disvā acchariyabbhutacittā jātā therassa sappiṃ upanāmesuṃ, therena sappino [sappinā itisabbattha] pītamatte so ābādho vūpasami, athassa bhikkhūhi ki metaṃ bhante acchariyaṃ, na no ito pubbe evarūpaṃ diṭṭhapubbaṃti vutte thero tenahi katapuññānaṃ puññavipākaṃ passissathāti vatvā samuddaṃ olokesi idaṃ sappi hotūti. Athassa cakkhupathe samudde sabbodakaṃ parivattetvā sappi ahosi. Athassa bhikkhū abbhutacittā aññampi īdisaṃ puññaṃ atthi bhanteti pucchiṃsu, tato thero tenahi passathāyasmantā mama puññanti vatvā samantā tattha tattha ghanaselapabbate olokesi, sabbāni tāni guḷapiṇḍāni ahesuṃ, tato cakkhupathe samantā bhattabhājanāni dassesi sabyañjanaṃ sopakaraṇaṃ. Tato himavantaṃ olokesi, sabbaṃ taṃ suvaṇṇamayaṃ ahosi.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 27.信心優婆塞的故事之緣起 據說過去迦葉正等覺者時,有一個對三寶有信心的人以製糖維生。他看見一個生病比丘,給他一勺酥油,又給一個比丘一塊糖。另一天見到一隻飢餓的狗,以飯糰佈施幫助它,又給一個負債者一個銅錢。一天聽法時供養說法比丘一件衣服。他做了這些功德后,在諸有中流轉時發願:"愿我在海洋山嶽等處所欲皆成就。" 後來他命終以這些善根如從睡眠醒來般投生天界,在那裡享受殊勝天界快樂。從那裡命終在我們世尊時代舍衛城大富長者家投生。他長大后時常聽法,聽聞在家過患和出家功德后出家不久證得阿羅漢果。後來他禮敬世尊后與五百比丘隨從去優竭羅城。那裡長者妻子有信心清凈。她見長老與五百比丘一起托缽,急忙去取長老的缽,供養他與五百比丘,請求長老常住於此,建造裝飾五百樓閣,令五百比丘住在那裡,常以四資具侍奉。然後長老令她安住五戒,在那裡隨意住后想去別處,次第來到港口村。住在那裡后與五百比丘隨從乘船在海面上行。 在渡海中他腹痛發作痛苦,比丘們見了問:"尊者,這以前用什麼平息?"長老說:"朋友們,以前喝一勺酥油病就平息。"比丘們說:"尊者,在海面上如何得到酥油?請忍耐。"聽到這個,長老說:"諸位賢者,酥油不難得,請取我的缽舀海水來。"比丘們如此做。那水剛舀起就變成酥油。然後比丘們見了生起希有驚異心,奉上酥油給長老。長老一喝酥油病就平息。然後比丘們說:"尊者這是什麼神奇,我們以前從未見過這樣的事。"長老說:"那麼你們要看善業的善果",說著觀看海洋說"愿這變成酥油。"然後在他眼界內的海水全都變成酥油。然後比丘們驚異地問:"尊者還有其他這樣的功德嗎?"然後長老說:"那麼諸位賢者請看我的功德",說著觀看四周的堅固山嶽,全都變成糖塊。然後在眼界內顯現四周有帶咖喱菜和配料的飯食容器。然後觀看雪山,全都變成黃金。

Athābhimukhaṭṭhāne mahantaṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ olokesi, sakalavanasaṇḍaṃnānāvirāgavatthehi sañchannaṃ ahosi, bhikkhū taṃ taṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā atīva vimhitā bhante kena te puññakammena etādisāni pāṭihāriyāni bhavissantīti pucchiṃsu, thero kassapadasabalassa kāle attanā kataṃ sabbaṃ taṃ kusalaṃ pakāsesi. Tenettha.

1.

Imasmiṃ bhaddake kappe, kassapo nāma nāyako;

Sabbalokahitatthāya, loke uppajji cakkhumā.

2.

Tadāhaṃ ucchuyantamhi, niyutto guḷakārako;

Tena kammena jīvāmi, posento puttadārake.

3.

Kilantindriyamaddakkhiṃ, bhikkhuṃ rogāturaṃ tadā;

Bhikkhācārakavattena, ghatatthaṃ [ghatamattamupāgataṃ itisabbattha] samupāgataṃ.

4.

Uluṅkamattaṃ sappissa, adadaṃ tassa bhikkhuno;

Saddahanto dānaphalaṃ, dayāyu daggamānaso.

.5

Tena kammena saṃsāre, saṃsaranto bhavābhave;

Yatthicchāmi ghataṃ tattha, uppajjati anappakaṃ.

6.

Icchāmahaṃ samuddasmiṃ, phalampi ghatamattano;

Taṃ taṃ sabbaṃ ghataṃ hoti, ghatadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

7.

Suṇātha mayhaṃ aññampi, puññakammaṃ manoramaṃ;

Tadā disvānahaṃ bhikkhuṃ, rogena paripīḷitaṃ.

8.

Guḷapiṇḍaṃ gahetvāna, patte tassa samākiriṃ;

Tena so sukhito āsi, rogaṃ byapagataṃ tadā.

9.

Tena me guḷadānena, saṃsaraṃ devamānuse;

Yatthatthosmi guḷenāhaṃ, tattha taṃ sulabhaṃ mama.

10.

Selāca vipulā mayhaṃ, honti cittānuvattakā;

Mahantaguḷapiṇḍāva, guḷadāne idaṃ phalaṃ.

11.

Athāpi me kataṃ puññaṃ, suṇātha sādhu bhikkhavo;

Chātajjhattaṃ phandamānaṃ, disvāna sunakhaṃ tadā.

12.

Bhattapīṇḍena saṅgaṇhiṃ, tampi dānaṃ phalāvahaṃ;

Tato paṭṭhāya nāhosi, annapānena ūnatā.

13.

Sulabhannapāno sukhito, ahosiṃjātijātiyaṃ;

Ajjāpi yadi icchāmi, bhojanena payojanaṃ.

14.

Cakkhupathe samantā me, jāyantukkhaliyo bahū;

Athāparampi kusalaṃ, akāsiṃtaṃ saṇātha me.

15.

Iṇaṭṭhakassa posassa, adāsekaṃ kahāpaṇaṃ;

Tena me puññakammena, anomabhavasampadaṃ.

16.

Pacuraṃ jātarūpañca, labhāmi jātijātiyaṃ;

Sacajja dhanakāmohaṃ, ghanaselopi pabbato;

Hoti hemamayaṃ sabbaṃ, iṇato mocane phalaṃ.

17.

Aññampi mama puññaṃ bho, suṇātha sutisobhanaṃ;

Kassapassa bhagavato, sāsanekaṃ bahussutaṃ.

18.

Desentaṃ munino dhammaṃ, sutvā pīṇitamānaso;

Pūjesiṃsāṭakaṃ mayhaṃ, dhammassa dhammasāmino.

19.

Tenāhaṃ puññakammena, saṃsaraṃ devamānuse;

Labhāmi pacuraṃ vatthaṃ, yaṃ lokasmiṃ varaṃ paraṃ.

20.

Icchamāno sace ajja [jānamānopahaṃajja; jānadhānocahaṃajja itikatthaci], himavantampi pabbataṃ;

Nānāvirāgavatthehi, chādayissaṃ samantato.

21.

Sace icchāmi ajjeva, vatthenacchādayā mite;

Jantavo catudīpasmiṃ, vatthadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

22.

Etesaṃ puññakammānaṃ, vāhasā kāmabhūmiyaṃ;

Sampatti manubhutvāna, sāvatthipura muttame.

23.

Jāto kule mahābhoge,

Vuddhippatto sukhedhito;

Tassa dhammaṃ suṇitvāna,

Pabbajitvāna sāsane.

24.

Lokuttaraṃ aggarasaṃ, bhuñcanto munivāhasā;

Kilese pajahitvāna, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

25.

Kusalaṃ nā vamantabbaṃ, khuddakanti kadācipi;

Anantaphaladaṃ hoti, nibbāṇampi dadāti taṃ.

Athassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā bhikkhū ca mahājano ca dānādikusalakammaṃ katvā yebhuyyena saggaparāyaṇā ahesuṃti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 然後觀看前方大片林地,整片林地被各色衣服覆蓋。比丘們見到這些神變非常驚異問:"尊者,以什麼功德會有這樣的神變?"長老說明自己在迦葉正等覺者時所作的一切善業。因此: 1 在此賢劫中,有導師名迦葉; 為利一切世間,具眼者出世間。 2 那時我在甘蔗廠,受雇為製糖者; 以此工作謀生,養育諸子眷屬。 3 我見到疲憊衰敗,比丘為病所苦; 為乞食而行走,為求酥油而來。 4 我給那位比丘,一勺量的酥油; 信樂佈施果報,慈悲最上之心。 5 以此業輪迴中,流轉于諸有中; 何處我欲酥油,生起無量酥油。 6 我欲于大海中,得到酥油果報; 一切皆成酥油,此是施油果報。 7 聽我另一美好,功德善業之事; 那時我見比丘,為病痛所逼迫。 8 我取了糖塊來,放入他的缽中; 由此他得安樂,病痛當時消退。 9 以此施糖功德,輪迴天界人間; 何處我需糖塊,彼處易得糖塊。 10 廣大山嶽於我,隨心意而轉變; 如大糖塊一般,此是施糖果報。 11 我還作另功德,比丘請善聽聞; 見到飢餓顫抖,當時一隻狗兒。 12 以飯糰佈施,彼施亦有果報; 從此以後不缺,飲食之所需求。 13 易得飲食安樂,生生世世皆然; 今日若我所欲,飲食隨意而來。 14 我眼界四周中,生多食物容器; 還有其他善業,請聽我來說明。 15 給與負債之人,一個銅錢布施; 以此功德善業,獲得殊勝成就。 16 生生世世獲得,豐富的黃金財; 今若我欲財富,堅實山嶽大地; 全變黃金所成,此是救債果報。 17 另我一善功德,請聽美妙之事; 在迦葉世尊時,教中一多聞者。 18 說牟尼之法時,我心歡喜滿足; 供養我的衣服,給法之法主者。 19 以此功德善業,輪迴天界人間; 獲得豐富衣服,世間最上殊勝。 20 若今我所欲求,乃至雪山之上; 以種種彩色衣,四周盡皆覆蓋。 21 若今我欲以衣,佈施覆蓋眾生; 四大洲諸眾生,此是施衣果報。 22 以此諸善業力,于欲界之世間; 享受諸多成就,最上舍衛城中。 23 生於大富家中, 長大享受安樂; 聽聞其說法已, 出家入其教中。 24 以牟尼威力故,受用出世上味; 斷除諸煩惱已,證得阿羅漢果。 25 不應輕視善業,以為是小善事; 能生無量果報,乃至證得涅槃。 然後聽了他的說法后,比丘們和大眾行佈施等善業,大多數成為趣向天界者。

26.

Manopasādenapi appapuññaṃ,

Evaṃ mahantaṃ bhavatīti ñatvā;

Mā appapuññanti pamajjathambho;

Sarātha deviṃ idha lājadāyiṃ.

Saddhopāsakassa vatthuṃ sattamaṃ.

  1. Kapaṇassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Amhākaṃ bhagavati parinibbute bārāṇasīnagaravāsī eko duggatapuriso paragehe bhatiṃkatvā jīvikaṃ kappeti, tasmiṃ samaye nagaravāsino yebhuyyena tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne maṇḍapādayo kārāpetvā mahādānaṃ denti, taṃ disvā duggato evaṃ cintesi, ahaṃ pubbe akatapuññattā paragehe bhatiṃ katvā kicchena kasirena jīvāmi. Nivāsanapārupanampi vāsaṭṭhānamattammi dukkhato labhāmi. Idāni buddhuppādo vattati bhikkhusaṅghopi.

Sabbe ime dānaṃ datvā saggamaggaṃ sodhenti. Mayāpi dānaṃ dātuṃ vaṭṭati. Tamme dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Api ca mayhaṃ taṇḍulanālimattampi natthi, akatavīriyena taṃ matthakaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkā, etadatthāyāhaṃ uyyogaṃ katvā dānaṃ dassāmīti cintetvā tato paṭṭhāya bhatiṃ pariyesamāno gantvā tattha tattha bhatiṃ katvā laddhanivāpe ca bhikkhācariyāya laddhatilataṇḍulādayo ca ekattha saṃharitvā manusse samādāpetvā tasmiṃ maṇḍapaṃ kārāpetvā vanakusamādīhi taṃ alaṅkaritvā bhikkhū nimantetvā maṇḍape nisīdāpetvā sabbesaṃ pāyasaṃ [pāyāsaṃ itisabbattha] paṭiyādetvā bhojesi. Atha so maraṇakāle attanā kataṃ taṃ dānavaraṃ anussari. So tena kusalakammena suttappabuddho viya devaloke nibbatti. Tasmiṃ tena katapuññānurūpaṃ mahantaṃ kanakavimānaṃ nibbatti. Samantā tigāvutaṭṭhāne devatā nānā vidhāni turiyāni gahetvā upahāraṃ karonti. Niccaṃ devaccharāsahassāni [devaccharāsahassaṃ itisabbattha] taṃ parivāretvā tiṭṭhanti. Evaṃ so mahantaṃ sampattiṃ anubhavati. Athekadivasaṃ suvaṇṇaselavihāravāsī mahāsaṅgharakkhitatthero pattapaṭisambhido devacārikaṃ caramāno taṃ devaputtaṃ anupamāya devasampattiyā virocamānaṃ disvā upasaṅkamma ṭhito tena katakammaṃ pucchi. Sopissa yathābhūtaṃ byākāsi, tenattha.

1.

Sabbasovaṇṇayo āsi, pāsādo ratanāmayo;

Soṇṇasiṅgasatākiṇṇo, duddikkho ca pabhassaro.

2.

Kūṭāgāra satākiṇṇo, soṇṇamālāsamākulo;

Muttākalāpālambanti, tattha tattha manoramā.

3.

Nekagabbhasatākiṇṇo, sayanāsanamaṇḍito;

Vibhatto bhabbabhāgehi, puññavaḍḍhakinā kato.

4.

Naccanti pamadā tattha, bherimaṇḍalamajjhagā;

Gāyanti kāci kīḷanti, vādenti kāci tantiyo.

5.

Tato tigāvute ṭhāne, pāsādassa samantato;

Sahaccharā devaputtā, gahetvā ātatādayo.

6.

Modanti parivāretvā, naccagītādinā sadā;

Ullaṅghantica selenti, silāghanti samantato.

7.

Evaṃ mahiddhiko dāni, tuvaṃ vandova bhāsati;

Pucchāmi taṃ devaputta, kiṃ kammamakarī purā.

Devaputto āha.

8.

Ahosiṃ duggato pubbe, bārāṇasīpuruttame;

Dānaṃ denti narā tattha, nimantetvāna bhikkhavo.

9.

Jīvanto bhatiyā sohaṃ, dānaṃ dente mahājane;

Tuṭṭhahaṭṭhe pamudite, evaṃ cintesahaṃ tadā.

10.

Sampannavatthālaṅkārā, dānaṃ denti ime janā;

Paratthapi pahaṭṭhāva, sampattimanubhonti te.

11.

Buddhuppādo ayaṃ dāni, dhammo loke pavattati;

Susīlā dāni vattanti, dakkhiṇeyyā jinorasā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 26 知道以心清凈,即使小小功德; 能生如此巨大,果報莫輕忽啊; 請憶那施炒米,天女之故事事。 信心優婆塞的故事第七。 28.貧人的故事之緣起 我們的世尊般涅槃后,在波羅奈城(現今印度瓦拉納西)住著一個貧窮的人,在別人家做工為生。那時城中居民大多在各處建造帳篷等作大布施。見到這個貧人這樣想:"我因過去不作功德,在別人家做工辛苦艱難地生活。連穿的衣服和住處也難以獲得。現在是佛陀出世的時期也有比丘僧團。 這些人都佈施開闢生天之道。我也應該佈施。這將長期有益安樂於我。但我連一缽米也沒有,不努力就不能成就。為此我要努力佈施。"這樣想后從那時起尋找工作,到處做工,把工資得到的和托缽得到的芝麻米等積聚一處,請人幫忙在那裡建造帳篷,用林中吉祥草等裝飾,請比丘們坐在帳篷里,為所有人準備乳粥供養。然後他臨終時憶念自己所作的殊勝佈施。他以那善業如從睡眠醒來般投生天界。按照他所作功德在那裡生起巨大金宮。四周三由旬處天人持各種樂器來供養。常有千天女眾圍繞。如此他享受大成就。 一天住在金石寺已證得無礙解的大僧護長老遊行天界時,見到那天子以無比天界成就光耀,走近站著問他所作善業。他如實告知。因此: 1 全是黃金所成,宮殿寶石裝飾; 百金角所莊嚴,難視且放光明。 2 百樓閣所莊嚴,金鬘相交錯雜; 珍珠串垂懸掛,處處皆悅意心。 3 百內室所莊嚴,臥具座具莊嚴; 分配各處所中,功德巧匠所造。 4 少女們跳舞于,鼓樂圈中央處; 或有人在歌唱,或有彈琴奏樂。 5 從那三由旬處,宮殿四周之中; 千天女與天子,手持琵琶等樂。 6 歡喜常圍繞中,歌舞等娛樂事; 跳躍又遊戲著,四周皆讚歎聲。 7 如今有如此大,神通如你說者; 我問你天子啊,過去作何業行。 天子說: 8 我昔在最上勝,波羅奈城貧窮; 人們在那佈施,邀請諸比丘眾。 9 我靠工資生活,見大眾行佈施; 歡喜心滿意足,那時我如是想。 10 這些人衣裝備,莊嚴作佈施事; 來世亦歡喜著,享受諸成就事。 11 現今佛出世間,正法住於世間; 具戒者流佈著,勝者子應供者。

12.

Anāvaṭṭhito [avaṭṭhitoca; andhaṭṭhitoca itipikattaci] saṃsāro, apāyā khalu pūritā;

Kalyāṇavimukhā sattā, kāmaṃ gacchanti duggatiṃ.

13.

Idāni dukkhito hutvā, jīvāmi kasirenahaṃ;

Daliddo kapaṇo dīno, appabhogo anālayo.

14.

Idāni bījaṃ ropemi, sukhette sādhusammate;

Appevanāma tenāhaṃ, parattha sukhito siyā.

15.

Iti cintiya bhikkhitvā, bhatiṃ katvāna nekadhā;

Maṇḍapaṃ tattha kāretvā, nimantetvāna bhikkhavo.

16.

Āyāsena adāsāhaṃ, pāyasaṃ amatāya so;

Tena kammavipākena, devaloke manorame.

17.

Jātomhi dibbakāmehi, modamāno anekadhā;

Dīghāyuko vaṇṇavanto, tejassīca ahosahanti.

Evaṃ devaputto attanā katapuññakammaṃ vittārena kathesi, theropi manussalokaṃ āgantvā manussānaṃ attanā paccakkhato diṭṭhadibbasampattiṃ pakāsesi. Taṃ sutvā mahājano kusalakammaṃ katvā yebhuyyena sagge nibbattoti.

18.

Anālayo duggatadīnakopi,

Dānaṃ dadanto dhigato visesaṃ;

Saggā pavaggaṃ yadi patthayavho,

Hantvāna maccheramalaṃ dadāthāti.

Kapaṇassa vatthuṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 12 輪迴無有停止,惡趣實已充滿; 眾生背離善法,隨欲趨向惡趣。 13 現今我成痛苦,艱難度日生活; 貧窮卑微可憐,少財無有住處。 14 現今我播種子,良田善妙認可; 愿以此因緣故,來世得到安樂。 15 如是思維乞討,多方做工得來; 建造帳篷其中,邀請諸比丘眾。 16 我以辛勞佈施,乳粥為不死故; 以此業果報故,可意天界之中。 17 我生享天欲樂,多方得到歡喜; 長壽具美容色,又具威光我成。 如此天子詳細講述自己所作功德,長老也回到人間向人們宣說自己親眼所見的天界成就。聽了這個大眾行善業大多投生天界。 18 無家貧窮卑微, 佈施得到殊勝; 若愿天界解脫, 除慳垢行佈施。 貧人的故事第八。

  1. Devaputtassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Ito pubbe nāradassa kira sammāsambuddhassa kāle ayaṃ dīpo aññatarena nāmena pākaṭo ahosi, so panekasmiṃ kāle dubbhikkho ahosi dussasso, mahāchātakabhayaṃ satte pīḷeti. Tasmiṃ samaye nāradassa bhagavato eko sāsaniko sāvako aññatarasmiṃ gāme piṇḍāya caritvā yathā dhotapattova nikkhami. Athaññatarasmiṃ gehe manussā ekaṃ taṇḍulanāḷiṃpoṭalikāya bandhitvā udake pakkhipitvā pacitvā udakaṃ gahetvā pivanto jīvanti, tadā theraṃ disvā vanditvā pattaṃ gahetvā tena taṇḍulena bhattaṃ pacitvā patte pakkhipitvā therassa adaṃsu. Atha tesaṃ saddhābalena sā ukkhali bhattena paripuṇṇā ahosi, te taṃ abbhutaṃ disvā ayyassa dinnadāne vipāko ajjeva no diṭṭhoti somanassajātā mahājanaṃ sannipātetvā te bhattaṃ bhojetvā pacchā sayaṃ bhuñjiṃsu. Bhattassa gahitagahitaṭṭhānaṃ pūrateva. Tato paṭṭhāya te sampattamahājanassa dānaṃ dadantā āyupariyosāne devaloke nibbattiṃsu, atha so thero bhattaṃ ādāya gantvā aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīditvā bhuñjitumārati. Tasmiṃ kira rukkhe nibbatto eko devaputto āhārena kilanto bhuñjamānaṃ theraṃ disvā attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā mahallakavesena tassa samīpe aṭṭhāsi. Thero anāvajjitvāva bhuñjati. Devaputto carimālopaṃ ṭhapetvā bhuttakāle ukkāsitvā attānaṃ ṭhitabhāvaṃ jānāpesi. Thero taṃ disvā vippaṭisāri hutvā carimaṃ bhatthapiṇḍaṃ tassa hatthe ṭhapesi, tato so bhattapiṇḍaṃ gahetvā ṭhito cintesi. Ito kira mayā pubbe samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ vā kapaṇaddhikānaṃ vā antamaso kākasunakhā dīnampi āhāraṃ adinnapubbaṃ bhavissati, tenavāhaṃ devo hutvāpi bhattaṃ na labhāmi. Handāhaṃ imaṃ bhattapiṇḍaṃ therasseva dassāmi, taṃ me bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya cāti. Evañca pana cintetvā bhattapiṇḍe āsaṃ pahāya theraṃ upasaṅkamma sāmi dāsassa vo alaṃ idha lokena saṅgahaṃ. Paralokena me saṅgahaṃ karothāti vatvā tassa patte okiri. Athassa bhatthapiṇḍaṃ [bhatthapiṇḍaṃ itisabbattha] patte patitamatteyeva tigāvutaṭṭhāne dibbamayāni bhattabhājanānipaññāyiṃsu. Devaputto theraṃ pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā tato dibbabhojanaṃ gahetvā pathamaṃ dānaṃ datvā pacchā sayaṃ bhuñci. Tato deputto dutiyadivasato paṭṭhāya therassa ca sampattamahājanassa ca mahādānaṃ dento āyupariyosāne 0 devaloke nibbattitvā chasu kāmasaggesu aparāparaṃ dibbasampatti manubhavamāno padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle tato cuto bārāṇasiyaṃ anekavibhavassa micchādiṭṭhikassa kuṭumbikassa gehe nibbatti. Devotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Aparabhāge viññutaṃ pattassa tassa mātāpitaro kālamakaṃsu. Sovaṇṇamaṇimuttādipūritakoṭṭhāgārādayo oloketvā mama mātāpitaro micchādiṭṭhikattā ito dānādikiñcikammaṃ akaritvā paralokaṃ gacchantā kākaṇikamattampi agahetvā gatā, ahaṃ pana taṃ gahetvāva gamissāmīti sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā bheriṃ carāpetvā kapaṇaddhikavanibbake sannipātetvā sattāhabbhantare sabbaṃ sāpateyyaṃ dānamukhena datvā araññaṃ pavisitvā isippabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā pañca bhiññā aṭṭha samāpattiyo nibbattetvā ākāsacārī ahosi.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 29.天子的故事之緣起 據說從前在那羅陀正等覺者時期,這個島以另一個名字聞名。那時發生饑荒,收成不好,大飢餓恐怖折磨眾生。那時那羅陀世尊的一個教法弟子在某村托缽后空缽而出。那時某家人將一缽米包在小包里放入水中煮熟,取水喝以維生。那時見到長老后禮拜,取其缽用那米煮飯放入缽中給長老。然後以他們的信心力那鍋充滿了飯,他們見到這個神奇事情后歡喜想:"給尊者的佈施果報今天就顯現給我們了",召集大眾給他們飯後自己才吃。取了飯的地方仍然充滿。從那以後他們對來的大眾佈施,壽命終了投生天界。 然後那長老帶著飯去到某樹下坐下要吃。據說投生在那樹的一個天子飢餓疲倦,見到正在吃的長老,捨棄本身變成老人相站在他旁邊。長老沒有注意繼續吃。天子等到最後一口時咳嗽讓他知道自己站在那裡。長老見了后懊悔把最後一團飯放在他手中。然後他拿著飯糰站著想:"從前我可能沒有佈施過食物給沙門婆羅門或貧窮旅人,乃至烏鴉狗等,因此我即使成為天人也得不到飯。好,我要把這飯糰給長老,這將長期有益安樂於我。" 這樣想后捨棄對飯糰的欲求,走近長老說:"尊者,你的奴僕在此世得到幫助已足夠。請以來世幫助我。"說完倒入他的缽中。然後他的飯糰剛落入缽中,三由旬處顯現天界的飯食容器。天子以五體禮拜長老后從那裡取天界食物,先佈施后自己才吃。從那以後天子從第二天起對長老和來的大眾作大布施,壽命終了再投生天界,在六慾天中一再享受天界成就。 在蓮華佛時代從那裡命終投生在波羅奈城一個有許多財富的邪見居士家。他們給他取名提婆(天)。後來他長大父母去世。他看見裝滿金銀珠寶等的倉庫等想:"我父母因邪見不做佈施等任何功德就去世了,連一銅錢也沒帶走。但我要帶著它們而去。"他這樣決定后敲鑼召集貧窮旅行乞丐,在七天內把所有財產用於佈施,進入森林出家修仙人行,修習遍處業處生起五神通八等至成為能在空中行走者。

Atha tasmiṃsamaye padumuttaro nāma bhagavā haṃsavatīnagare paṭivasanto devabrahmādiparivuto catusaccapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammaṃ desento nisinno hoti, tadā so tāpaso ākāsena gacchanto mahājanasamāgamañca bhagavato sarīrato nikkhantachabbaṇṇaraṃsiyo ca disvā kimetaṃti vimhito ākāsā otaritvā mahatiyā buddhalīḷāya nisīditvā dhammaṃ desentaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso parisantare nisinno dhammaṃ sutvā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā attano assamameva agamāsi. Atha so tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā āyupariyosāne tāvatiṃsabhavane nibbatto tiṃsakappe dibbasampattimanubhavanto chasu kāmasaggesu aparāpariyavasena saṃsari. Ekapaññāsaattabhāve sakko devarājā ahosi, ekakavīsatiattabhāve cakkavatti hutvā manussasampatti manubhavitvā imasmiṃbuddhuppāde bhagavati parinibbute sāvatthiyaṃ aññatarasmiṃ kulagehe nibbattitvā sattavassiko ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ addasa. Disvā taṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā aniccasaññaṃ paṭilabhitvā tattha nisinnova arahattaṃ pāpuṇi, tato so pattapaṭisambhido attanā katapuññakammaṃ olokento taṃ pubbacariyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ majjhe pakāsento āha. Tasmā.

1.

Nārado kira sambuddho, pubbe āsi naruttamo;

Lokaṃ dukkhā pamocento, dadanto amataṃ padaṃ.

2.

Tasmiṃ tu samaye tassa, sāvako chinnabandhano;

Bhikkhitvā dīpake laddha, māhāraṃ paribhuñjituṃ.

3.

Rukkhamūla mupā gañchi, tatthāsiṃ rukkhadevatā;

Bubhukkhitā udikkhantī, aṭṭhāsiṃ tassa santike.

4.

Adāsi me bhattapiṇḍaṃ, karuṇāpūritantaro;

Gahetvāna ṭhito piṇḍaṃ, sahamāno khudaṃ tadā.

5.

Adinnattā mayā pubbe, kiñci dānaṃ supesale;

Jighacchāpīḷito homi, jātopi devayoniyaṃ.

6.

Ajja khettaṃ suladdhaṃme, deyyadhammopi vijjati;

Bījamettha ca ropemi, bhavato parimuttiyā.

7.

Iti cintiya vanditvā, dāsassa sāmi vo alaṃ;

Saṅgahaṃ idha lokasmiṃ, karotha pāralokikaṃ.

8.

Iti vatvā adāsāhaṃ, bhuñci sopi dayāparo;

Tenāhaṃ puññakammena, sudhannamalabhiṃ khaṇe.

9.

Tato cuto chadevesu, vindanto mahatiṃsiriṃ;

Cirakālaṃ vasiṃ tattha, deviddhīhi samaṅgitā.

10.

Satasahasse ito kappe, padumuttaranāmako;

Uppajji lokanāyako, dhammarājā tathāgato.

11.

Mahiddhiko tadā āsiṃ, tāpaso kānane vane;

Sampattapañcā bhiññāṇo, ākāsena carāmahaṃ.

12.

Tadā kāsena gacchanto, ramme haṃsavatīpure;

Buddharaṃsiparikkhittaṃ, ketumālāvilāsitaṃ.

13.

Devasaṅghaparibbūḷhaṃ, desentaṃ addasaṃ jinaṃ;

So taṃ disvāna nabhasā, ṭhitohaṃ parisantare.

14.

Dhammaṃ sutvā udaggohaṃ, kālaṃ katvāna satthuno;

Tato cuto papannosmi, tāvatiṃse manorame.

15.

Tiṃsakappasahassāni, caranto devamānuse;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, labhāmi vipulaṃ sukhaṃ.

16.

Ekapaññāsatikkhattuṃ, devarajjamakārayiṃ;

Athekavīsatikkhattuṃ, cakkavattī ahosahaṃ.

17.

Padesarajjaṃ kāsāhaṃ, bahukkhattuṃ tahiṃ tahiṃ;

Imasmiṃ bhaddake kappe, nibbutetu [nibbutesu itisabbattha] tathāgate.

18.

Codito puññakammena, sāvatthipuramuttame;

Uppajjitvā kule seṭṭhe, jātiyā sattavassiko.

19.

Sutvā dhammaṃ kathentassa, bhikkhussaññatarassahaṃ;

Bhavassantaṃ karitvāna, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 那時名為蓮華的世尊住在漢薩瓦蒂城(今緬甸部分地區),被天人梵天等圍繞坐著說與四諦相應的法。那時那苦行者在空中行走,見到大眾集會和從世尊身體放出的六色光芒,驚訝"這是什麼"從空中下來,見到世尊以大佛威儀坐著說法,心生歡喜坐在眾中聽法,禮敬世尊后回到自己的庵室。然後他在那裡住到壽命盡,命終后投生忉利天,三萬劫享受天界成就,在六慾天中一再流轉。五十一次成為帝釋天王,二十一次成為轉輪王享受人間成就。在此佛出世時世尊般涅槃后,投生在舍衛城某家族,七歲時見到一位比丘說法。見已走近聽法,獲得無常想,就在那裡坐著證得阿羅漢果。然後他證得無礙解,觀察自己所作功德,在比丘眾中宣說那往昔行為。因此: 1 據說那羅陀佛,往昔最勝丈夫; 解救世間諸苦,佈施不死果位。 2 那時他的弟子,已斷諸結縛者; 在島上行乞得,食物要去受用。 3 來到一樹根下,我是樹神住彼; 飢餓觀望站立,在他的近旁邊。 4 他給我飯糰食,內心充滿慈悲; 我拿著飯糰立,那時忍受飢餓。 5 因我往昔未曾,佈施任何善士; 即使生在天界,也受飢餓逼迫。 6 今日得善福田,應施之物具足; 在此播種子下,為解脫諸有故。 7 如是思維禮敬,"尊者仆此足矣; 請作來世利益,不要此世幫助。" 8 如是說已佈施,他也慈悲食用; 以此功德善業,剎那得善食物。 9 從彼命終之後,六天得大吉祥; 長久住于其中,具足天神威力。 10 從此十萬劫前,有名蓮華世尊; 出世為世間導,如來正法之王。 11 我時大神通力,林野苦行之人; 已證五神通者,我在空中游行。 12 那時從空經過,可愛漢薩瓦城; 佛光輝所圍繞,幢幡光彩照耀。 13 天眾所圍繞中,我見勝者說法; 見彼從空而下,立於眾人之中。 14 聽法心歡喜后,導師時期命終; 從彼投生轉至,可意忉利天中。 15 三萬劫之間中,流轉天界人間; 不知惡趣之事,獲得廣大安樂。 16 五十一次之中,我作天界之王; 又二十一次中,我成轉輪聖王。 17 我在諸處多次,統領地方王國; 在此賢劫之中,如來涅槃之後。 18 為善業所促使,最上舍衛城中; 投生最勝家族,七歲年紀之時。 19 聽聞某位比丘,為我宣說妙法; 我證有之盡頭,證得阿羅漢果。

20.

Sudinnaṃ me tadā dānaṃ, sussutaṃ dhammamuttamaṃ;

Dukkhassantaṃ akāsāhaṃ, tassa kammassa vāhasāti.

Evañca pana vatvā bahū jane kusalakamme niyojesīti.

21.

Dānenapevaṃ carimāya piṇḍiyā,

Savaṇāya dhammassa muhuttakena;

Labhanti sattā tividhampi sampadaṃ,

Phalaṃ vade ko bahudāyakassa bho.

Devaputtassa vatthuṃ navamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 20 我那時善佈施,善聞最上妙法; 我作諸苦之盡,以此業力所致。 如是說后令眾多人安住于善業。 21 如是以最後一團施食, 片刻聽聞微妙正法故; 眾生獲得三種成就事, 誰能說盡多施之果報。 天子的故事第九。

  1. Sīvalittherassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Ito kira kappasatasahassamatthake padumuttaro nāma satthā loke udapādi dhammadesanāya satte amatamahānibbāṇaṃ pāpento, tasmiṃ samaye bhagavā haṃsāvatiyaṃ sarājikāya parisāya majjhe ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ lābhīnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Tadā rājā taṃ disvā taṃ ṭhānaṃ kāmayamāno buddhapamukhassa saṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā bhagavato pādamūle sirasā nipajji, tadāssa bhagavā anāgate gotamassa bhagavato sāsane taṃ ṭhānaṃ labhissasīti vatvā byākāsi. Taṃ sutvā mudito rājā puññāni katvā devaloke nibbatti. Tato aparabhāge bārāṇasiyaṃ seṭṭhiputto hutvā paccekabuddhasahassaṃ catupaccayadānena yāvajīvaṃ paṭijaggitvā devaloke nibbatto mahantaṃ sampatti manubhavitvā tato cuto vipassissa bhagavato kāle bandhumatīnagare aññatarasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatti. So tasmiṃ samaye senaguttaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā rañño kammaṃ karoti, tadā nagaravāsino upāsakagaṇā vipassīsammāsambuddhaṃ upasaṅkamma vanditvā bhagavā bhante sasāvako amhākaṃ anuggahaṃ karotūti svātanāya nimantetvā mahādānaṃ datvā sabbe ekacchandā bhagavanta muddissa mahārahaṃ mahāpariveṇaṃ kārāpetvā pariveṇamahe mahādānaṃ dadantā dānagge asukaṃ nāma natthīti na vattabbanti vatvā dānaṃ paṭiyādetvā dānaggaṃ olokentā navadadhiñca paṭalamadhuñca apassantā purise pakkositvā sahassaṃ datvā dadhimadhuṃ khippaṃ pariyesitvā ānethāti pesesuṃ, te sahassaṃ gahetvā dadhimadhuṃ upadhāretuṃ tattha tattha vicarantā dvārantare aṭṭhaṃsu, tadā ayaṃ senagutto rañño sabhattaṃ dadhimadhuṃ ādāya gacchanto mahādvāraṃ sampāpuṇi, atha te dadhimadhuṃ disvā bho kahāpaṇaṃ gahetvā imaṃ dehīti yāciṃsu. Tena [tenadassāmi itipikattaci] na dassāmīti vutte yāvasahassaṃ vaḍḍhetvā yāciṃsu. Tato senagutto imaṃ appagghaṃ sahassena yācatha, ki manena karothāti pucchi, tehi sambuddhatthāyāti vutte tenahi ahameva dassāmīti jīramaricādīhi sakkharamadhuphāṇitādayo yojetvā dānaggaṃ upanāmesi. Taṃ satthu ānubhāvena buddhapamukhassa aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassassa pahoṇakaṃ ahosi. Tato so tena puññakammena devamanussalokesu sampatti manubhavitvā aparabhāge amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle koliyanagare mahālilicchavirañño upanissāya suppiyāya nāma aggamahesiyā kucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi. So sattamāsasattasaṃvaccharāni mātukucchiyaṃ vasitvā sattadivasāni mūḷhagabbho dukkhamanubhavi. Mātukucchito nikkhamantassa tassa mātāpitaro sīvalīti nāma makaṃsu. Evaṃ mahāpuññassa ettakaṃ kālaṃ mātukucchimhi dukkhānubhavanaṃ attanāva katena pāpabalena ahosi, so kira atīte rājā hutvā attano sapattaraññā saddhiṃ saṅgāmento mātarā saddhiṃ mantesi. Sā nagaraṃ rundhitvā amitte gaṇhituṃ sakkāti upāya madāsi, sopi tassā vacanena nagaraṃ rundhitvā sattame divase aggahesi, tena pāpakammabalena mātāputtānaṃ evaṃ mahantaṃ dukkhaṃ ahosīti. Tato sā puttaṃ vijāyanakāle sattame divase bhagavantaṃ anussaritvā sukhena bhāraṃ muñci. Tuṭṭhā sā sattame divase buddhapamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ adāsi, athassā putto sattavassikakāle gehā nikkhamma satthāraṃ disvā pabbajjaṃ yāci.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 30.舍利弗長老的故事之緣起 據說從此十萬劫前有名為蓮華的導師出世,以說法引導眾生到達大涅槃。那時世尊在漢薩瓦蒂城中有王族的眾會中把一位比丘置於獲得最多供養者的首位。那時國王見到后想要那個地位,對以佛為首的僧團作大布施,以頭頂禮世尊足下。那時世尊對他說:"在未來喬達摩世尊的教法中你將獲得那個地位"並作授記。聽到后歡喜的國王行諸功德投生天界。 此後在波羅奈城成為長者子,終生以四資具供養千位辟支佛后投生天界,享受大成就。從那裡命終在毗婆尸世尊時投生在般豆馬蒂城某家族。那時他在軍隊統帥位置為國王工作。那時城中優婆塞眾走近毗婆尸正等覺者禮拜說:"世尊,請您與眾弟子攝受我們",邀請明日供養。作大布施后一致同意為世尊建造殊勝大精舍,在精舍慶典中作大布施時說:"不能說佈施處缺少某物。"準備佈施時觀察佈施處見到沒有新鮮酸奶和蜜,叫人給千錢說:"快去找酸奶和蜜來。"他們拿著千錢到處尋找酸奶蜜站在門口。 那時這軍隊統帥帶著國王的酸奶和蜜來到大門。然後他們見到酸奶和蜜說:"拿錢給我們這個。"他說不給時,一直加到千錢要求。然後軍隊統帥問:"你們用千錢求這少價值的東西要做什麼?"他們說為正等覺者時,他說:"那麼我自己來佈施。"他把薑黃和胡椒等配上糖蜜糖漿等送到佈施處。以佛的威力足夠六十八萬比丘以佛為首受用。 然後他以那功德在天人兩界享受成就,後來在我們世尊時代託生在拘利城(今印度北方)大力車王身邊須毗耶名的第一皇后腹中。他在母胎中住七年七個月,七天胎難受苦。從母胎出來時父母給他取名舍利弗。如是大福德者如此長時在母胎受苦是因自己所作惡業力。據說他過去做國王時與敵對國王作戰時與母親商議。她獻計說包圍城市就能抓到敵人。他也依她的話包圍城市七天後抓到,以那惡業力母子有如此大苦。然後她生產時第七天憶念世尊后安樂生產。歡喜的她第七天對以佛為首的比丘僧團作大布施。然後她的兒子七歲時離開家見到導師請求出家。

Satthā sāriputtattherassa niyojesi, tato sāriputtattherena upajjhāyena moggallānamācariyaṃ katvā pabbaji, atha so khuraggeyeva arahattaṃ patvā buddhasāsanaṃ sobhesi, so pubbe katapuññānubhāvena mahāpuñño ahosi lābhīnañca aggo. Athekasmiṃ samaye bhagavā revatattheraṃ dassanāya khadiravanavihāraṃ gacchanto tiṃsabhikkhusahassehi saddhiṃ tiṃsayojanikaṃ chaṭṭitakantāraṃ sampāpuṇi nirūdakaṃ appabhakkhaṃ. Yebhuyyena devatā sīvalitthere pasannā. Tasmā bhagavā sīvalittheraṃ purato cārikaṃ katvā devatāhi kārāpite vihāre vasanto devatāhi sajjitadānaṃ paribhuñjanto revatattheraṃ saṃpāpuṇitvā gatakammaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā jetavanamāgamma lābhīnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne taṃ ṭhapesīti. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne.

1.

Padumuttaro nāma jino, sabbadhammesu cakkhumā;

Ito satasahassamhi, kappe uppajji nāyako.

2.

Sīlaṃ tassa asaṅkhyeyyaṃ, samādhi vajirūpamo [vajirūpamā itikatthaci];

Asaṃkhiyaṃ ñāṇavaraṃ, vimutti ca anopamā.

3.

Manujāmaranāgānaṃ, brahmānañca samāgame;

Samaṇabrāhmaṇākiṇṇe, dhammaṃ deseti nāyako.

4.

Sasāvakaṃ mahālābhiṃ, puññavantaṃ jutindharaṃ,

Ṭhapesi etadaggamhi, parisāsu visārado.

5.

Tadāhaṃ khattiyo āsiṃ, pure haṃsavatīvhaye [haṃsāvatavhaye itisabbattha];

Sutvā jinassa taṃ vākyaṃ, sāvakassa guṇaṃ bahuṃ.

6.

Nimantayitvā sattāhaṃ, bhojayitvā sasāvakaṃ;

Mahādānaṃ daditvāna, taṃ ṭhānamabhipatthayiṃ.

7.

Tadā maṃ vinataṃ pāde, disvāna purisāsabho;

So sarena mahāvīro, imaṃ vacanamabravī.

8.

Tato jinassa vacanaṃ, sotukāmā mahājanā;

Devadānavagandhabbā, brahmānoca mahiddhikā.

9.

Samaṇabrāhmaṇā cāpi, namassisuṃ katañjalī;

Namo te purisājañña, namo te purisuttama.

10.

Khattiyena mahādānaṃ, dinnaṃ sattāhakampi [sattāhakaṃpito itipikatthaci] no;

Sotukāmā phalaṃ tassa, byākarohi mahāmune.

11.

Tato avoca bhagavā, suṇotha mama bhāsitaṃ;

Appameyyamhi buddhasmiṃ, guṇamhi suppatiṭṭhitā.

12.

Dakkhiṇā dāyakaṃ patvā, appameyyaphalāvahā;

Api ce sa mahābhogo, ṭhānaṃ pattheti muttamaṃ.

13.

Lābhī vipulalābhīnaṃ, yathā bhikkhu sudassano;

Tathāhaṃpi bhaveyyanti, lacchate taṃ anāgate.

14.

Satasahassito kappe, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamonāma nāmena, satthā loke bhavissati.

15.

Tassa dhammesu dāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Sīvali nāma nāmena, hessati satthusāvako.

16.

Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsūpago ahaṃ.

17.

Tatoparasmiṃsamaye, bārāṇasipuruttame;

Seṭṭhiputto ahaṃ āsiṃ, aḍḍhappatto mahādhano.

18.

Sahassamatte pacceka, nāyake ca nimantiya;

Madhurenannapānena, santappesiṃtadādaro.

19.

Tato cuto chakāmagge, anubhosiṃmahāyasaṃ;

Devaccharāparivuto, pāsāde ratanāmaye.

20.

Evaṃ acintiyā buddhā, buddhadhammā acintiyā;

Acintiye pasannānaṃ, vipākopi acintiyo.

21.

Ekanavutito kappe, vipassīnāma nāyako;

Uppajji cārunayano, sabbadhammavipassako.

22.

Tadāhaṃ bandhumatiyā, kulassaññatarassa ca;

Dayito patthito putto, āsiṃ kammantabyāvaṭo.

23.

Tadā aññataro pūgo, vipassissa mahesino;

Pariveṇaṃ akāresi, mahanta miti vissutaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 導師命令舍利弗長老,然後以舍利弗長老為戒師目犍連為阿阇黎出家。然後他在剃度時就證得阿羅漢果莊嚴佛教,他以往昔功德威力成為大福德者和獲得最多供養者之首。一時世尊去見離婆多長老往阿拉維時與三萬比丘經過三十由旬無水少食的荒野。大多數天神對舍利弗長老有信心。因此世尊讓舍利弗長老走在前面,住在天神建造的精舍中受用天神準備的供養,到達離婆多長老后完成工作回到祇園精舍,把他置於獲得最多供養者的首位。因此在譬喻經中說: 1 名為蓮華的勝者,於一切法具眼者; 從此十萬劫之前,導師出世於世間。 2 他的戒不可計量,三昧如金剛堅固; 殊勝智不可計量,解脫也無可比喻。 3 人天龍眾梵天眾,共聚集會之時中; 充滿沙門婆羅門,導師為說微妙法。 4 對眾說法得自在,置其聲聞多獲得; 具福德具光明者,於此首位第一處。 5 那時我為剎帝利,名喚漢薩瓦城中; 聽聞勝者如是語,聲聞具眾多功德。 6 邀請七日供養食,供養他與眾弟子; 佈施廣大諸供養,我願獲得如是位。 7 那時見我禮足下,人中牛王最勝者; 以其聲音大雄者,說出如是之言語。 8 於是欲聞勝者語,諸多大眾來集會; 天與阿修羅乾闥,大神力梵天等眾。 9 沙門婆羅門眾等,合掌禮敬如是語; 禮敬你優秀丈夫,禮敬你最勝丈夫。 10 剎帝利作大布施,佈施如是達七日; 欲聞其果報如何,請大牟尼為宣說。 11 於是世尊如是說,你們聽我所說語; 于佛不可思議中,善立功德如是者。 12 佈施獲得佈施者,帶來無量諸果報; 縱然他大財富者,愿求最上之地位。 13 多獲第一獲得者,如善見比丘一般; 我也將成如是者,未來必將會獲得。 14 從此十萬劫之後,甘蔗族所生之人; 名為喬達摩之名,世間導師將出現。 15 于其正法之繼承,親生正法所化生; 名為舍利弗之名,將成導師聲聞眾。 16 以此善作諸業事,及以意願發願故; 捨棄人間身體后,我生忉利天界中。 17 從此之後另時中,最勝波羅奈城中; 我為長者子出生,富有財富具圓滿。 18 邀請約有一千位,獨覺導師等眾人; 以妙飲食諸供養,恭敬供養彼等眾。 19 從彼命終六慾天,我享受大名聲譽; 天女眾等所圍繞,寶石所成宮殿中。 20 如是不思議諸佛,佛法不可思議事; 于不思議生信者,果報也不可思議。 21 從此九十一劫前,名為毗婆尸導師; 出現悅意具慧眼,觀察一切諸法者。 22 那時我在般豆城,某一家族所愛子; 為所愛慕所期望,我專管理諸事業。 23 那時某一群眾對,毗婆尸大仙導師; 建造精舍廣且大,如是廣聞於世間。;

24.

Niṭṭhite ca mahādānaṃ, dadaṃ khajjakasaṃyutaṃ;

Navaṃ dadhi madhuñceva, vicinaṃ na ca maddasa.

25.

Tadāhaṃ taṃ gahetvāna, navaṃ dadhi madhumpica,

Kammasāmigharaṃ gacchaṃ, tamenaṃ [tamesaṃ itisabbattha] dāna maddasaṃ.

26.

Sahassampi ca datvāna, na latiṃsu ca taṃ dvayaṃ;

Tato evaṃ vicintesiṃ, netaṃ hessati orakaṃ.

27.

Yathā ime janā sabbe, sakkaronti tathāgataṃ;

Ahampi kāraṃ kassāmi, sasaṅghe lokanāyake.

28.

Tadāhamevaṃ cintetvā, dadhiṃmadhuñca ekato;

Yojetvā lokanāthassa, sasaṅghassa adāsahaṃ.

29.

Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsa magañchahaṃ.

30.

Punāhaṃ bārāṇasiyaṃ, rājā hutvā mahāyaso;

Sattukassa tadā ruddho, dvārarodhaṃ akārayiṃ.

31.

Tato sapattino [sampattino; sapattāno iticakatthaci] ruddhā, ekāhaṃ rakkhitā ahuṃ;

Tato tassa vipākena, pāpuṇiṃ nirayaṃ bhusaṃ.

32.

Pacchime ca bhave dāni, jātohaṃ koliye pure;

Suppavāsā ca me mātā, mahāli licchavī pitā.

33.

Khattiye puññakammena, dvārarodhassa vāhasā;

Sattamāse sattavasse, vasiṃkucchimhi dukkhito.

34.

Sattāhaṃ dvāramūḷhohaṃ, mahādukkhasamappito;

Mātā me chandadānena, eva māsi sudukkhitā.

35.

Suvatthitohaṃ nikkhanto, buddhena anukampito;

Nikkhantadivaseyeva, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.

36.

Upajjhā sāriputto me, moggallāno mahiddhiko;

Kese oropayanto me, anusāsi mahāmati.

37.

Kesesu chijjamānesu [channamanesu itipikatthaci], arahattamapāpuṇīṃ;

Devo nāgā manussā ca, paccayānu panenti me.

38.

Padumuttaranāmañca, vipassiṃca vināyakaṃ;

Saṃpūjayiṃ pamudito, paccayehi visesato.

39.

Tato tesaṃ vipākena, kammānaṃ vipuluttamaṃ;

Lābhaṃ labhāmi sabbattha, vane gāme jale thale.

40.

Revataṃ dassanatthāya, yadā yāti vināyako;

Tiṃsabhikkhusahassehi, saha lokagganāyako.

41.

Tadā devo panītehi [paṇītehi itisabbattha], mamatthāya mahāmati;

Paccayehi mahāvīro, sasaṅgho lokanāyako.

42.

Upaṭṭhito mayā buddho, gantvā revatamaddasa;

Tato jetavanaṃ gantvā, etadagge ṭhapesimaṃ.

43.

Lābhīnaṃ sīvali aggo, mama sissesu bhikkhavo;

Sabbelokahito satthā, kittayī parisāsumaṃ.

44.

Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ, bhavā sabbe samūhatā;

Nāgova bandhanaṃ chetvā, viharāmi anāsavo.

45.

Svāgataṃ vata me āsi, buddhaseṭṭhassa santikaṃ;

Tisso vijjā anuppatto, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

46.

Paṭisambhidā catassopi, vimokkhā pica aṭṭhime;

Chaḷabhiññā sacchikatā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsananti.

Itthaṃ sudaṃ āyasmā sīvalitthero imā gāthāyo abhāsitthāti.

47.

Sutvāna etaṃ caritaṃ mahabbhutaṃ,

Puññānubhāvañca siriṃ sirīmataṃ;

Hitvā kusītaṃ kusalaṃ karotha,

Kāmāttha kāmaṃ bhavabhoganibbutiṃ.

Sīvalittherassa vatthuṃ dasamaṃ.

Yakkhavañcitavaggo tatiyo.

Mahāsenavaggo

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 24 完成時作大布施,以糕點作供養事; 新鮮酸奶及蜂蜜,尋找而不得見之。 25 那時我拿著新鮮,酸奶和蜂蜜二物; 往工作主人之家,我見彼等行佈施。 26 即使給予一千金,不能獲得這二物; 於是我如是思維,此事定非微小事。 27 如此眾人皆恭敬,如來世尊作供養; 我也當作如是事,供養導師及僧眾。 28 那時我如是思維,酸奶蜂蜜和合后; 供養世間之導師,及其僧眾作佈施。 29 以此善作諸業事,及以意願發願故; 捨棄人間身體后,我往忉利天界去。 30 複次我在波羅奈,作王具大名聲譽; 那時對敵軍包圍,令作城門封鎖事。 31 於是敵人被圍困,被看守達一日久; 以其果報之緣故,我遭受劇烈地獄。 32 現今最後一生中,生於拘利城之中; 善生為我之母親,摩訶利離車父親。 33 剎帝利因功德力,封鎖城門果報故; 七個月又七年中,在胎中受諸痛苦。 34 七日胎門不通達,遭受極大諸痛苦; 我母以欲求佈施,如是遭受大痛苦。 35 我善安穩得出生,蒙佛慈悲攝受故; 就在出生那天中,出家成為無家者。 36 舍利弗為我戒師,大神通目犍連尊; 為我剃除諸頭髮,大智為我作教導。 37 在剃除頭髮之時,我證得阿羅漢果; 天龍人等諸眾生,供養我以諸資具。 38 蓮華佛及毗婆尸,二位導師我歡喜; 以諸資具作殊勝,供養恭敬二導師。 39 以其諸業果報故,廣大最上之業果; 我處處獲得供養,林中村落水陸間。 40 當導師去見離婆,勝者世間第一導; 與三萬比丘眾等,同往見彼離婆陀。 41 那時天神為我故,以殊勝諸資具事; 供養大雄大智者,導師及其比丘眾。 42 我侍奉佛往見彼,親見離婆陀之後; 然後前往祇園寺,置我於此首位中。 43 諸比丘眾我弟子,舍利弗為獲得首; 導師利益一切世,在眾會中稱讚我。 44 我諸煩惱已燒盡,一切有已被除滅; 如象斷除諸束縛,我住無漏解脫中。 45 善來哉我實已至,最勝佛陀之面前; 已得證三種明智,已行佛陀之教法。 46 四無礙解八解脫,及六神通已證得; 已行佛陀之教法,如是一切已成就。 如是具壽舍利弗長老說此偈頌。 47 聽聞如是大神奇,功德威力具吉祥; 捨棄懈怠行善業,隨愿得欲有樂寂。 舍利弗長老的故事第十。 夜叉欺騙品第三。 大軍品。

  1. Mahāsenarañño vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Bhagavati parinibbute pāṭaliputtanagare mahāseno nāma rājā rajjaṃ kāresi dhammiko dhammarājā. So pana pitupitāmahādīnaṃ dhanarāsiṃ oloketvā ime imaṃ sāpateyyaṃ pahāya maccuno mukhamupagatā. Aho saṃsārikānaṃ aññāṇatā. Dhanaṃ ṭhapetvā attano vināsañca attānaṃ ṭhapetvā dhanavināsañca na jānantīti sampattiyā adhigamañca vināsaṃ cāti sabbaṃ cintetvā dhammañca sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho divase divase dasasahassānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ madhurena annapānena santappento anekāni puññāni upacinanto ekadivasaṃ raho paṭisallino evaṃ cintesi. Evaṃ rājaniyogena janassa pīḷanaṃ katvā dinnadānato sahatthena kammaṃ katvā laddhena dinnadānaṃ mahapphalaṃ mahānisaṃsaṃ bhavissati, evaṃ mayā kātabbanti so suhadā maccassa rajjaṃ nīyyātetvā attano kaṇiṭṭhikaṃ ādāya kiñci ajānāpetvā aññataravesena nagarā nikkhamma uttaramadhuraṃ nāma nagaraṃ agamāsi, tattha mahāvibhavo eko seṭṭhi paṭivasati, te seṭṭhino samīpa mupagamma ṭhitā. Tena kimatthāyāgatāti vutte rājā tava gehe bhatiyā kammaṃ karissāmīti vatvā tenānuññāto tīṇi vassāni kamma makāsi, tato ekadivasaṃ seṭṭhi te disvā pakkositvā atīva tumhe sukhumālatarā. Tathāpi imasmiṃ gehe kammakaraṇena ciraṃ vasittha, ettakaṃ kālaṃ kismiñci kammepi kusītattaṃ na paññāyati. Pageva anācārampi, yāgubhattaṃ ṭhapetvā aññaṃ upakārampi mama santikā natthi, kenatthena kammaṃ karothāti pucchi. Rājā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā imasmiṃ janapade sālino manāpabhāvo bahuso sūyati. Tasmā sālīnamatthāya idhā gatamhāti āha, taṃ sutvā tesaṃ tuṭṭho seṭṭhi sālīnaṃ sakaṭasahassaṃ adāsi, rājā sāliṃlabhitvā seṭṭhino evamāha, bho imaṃ amhākaṃ nagaraṃ pāpethāti, taṃ sutvā seṭṭhi sādhūti vatvā sāliparipuṇṇasakaṭasahassaṃ rañño nagaraṃ pāpesi, rājā nagaraṃ gantvā seṭṭhissa nānāvaṇṇavatthahiraññasuvaṇṇādīhi sakaṭe pūretvā paṭipesetvā mettiṃ thiraṃ katvā ābhatavīhayo rājagehe sannicayamakāsi, atha rājā katipāhaccayena musalaṃ paggayha sahattheneva vīhiṃ koṭṭeti, koṭṭitakoṭṭitaṃ kaṇiṭṭhikā papphoṭeti. Evaṃ ubhopi taṇḍulānaṃ mahantaṃ rāsiṃ katvā dārūdakādayo āharitvā ambilabhattaṃ pacitvā rājagehe pañcasataāsanāni paññāpetvā kālaṃ ugghosesuṃ, āgacchantu ayyā anukampaṃ upādāya mama gehe bhuñjantūti. Taṃ sutvā pañcasatā bhikkhū ākāsena āgamiṃsu, rājā te yāvadatthaṃ parivisi, tato tesaṃ antare piyaṃgudīpavāsī eko mahāsivatthero nāma bhattaṃ gahetvā ete maṃ passantūti adhiṭṭhahitvā ākāsena piyaṃgudīpaṃ gantvā bhattaṃ pañcasatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ datvā paribhuñci. Taṃ tassānubhāvena sabbesaṃ yāvadatthaṃ ahosi. Evaṃ appakenāpi deyyadhammena sappurisā dāyakānaṃ manaṃ pasādetvā patiṭṭhaṃ karontīti. Vuttañhi.

1.

Appakenapi medhāvī, dāyakānaṃ manaṃ pati;

Saddhaṃ vaḍḍhenti candova, raṃsinā khīrasāgaraṃ.

2.

Aṭṭhāne na niyojentā, karontā neva sannidhiṃ;

Paribhoga makatvāna, neva nāsenti paccayaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 31.大軍王的故事之緣起 世尊般涅槃后在華氏城(今印度巴特那)有名為大軍的國王,如法治國的法王。他觀察父祖等的財富堆積后想:"他們捨棄這些財產進入死神之口。啊,輪迴者的無知。他們不知道儲存財富而失去自己,也不知道儲存自己而失去財富。"他思考一切得失后聽聞正法獲得信心,每天以美味飲食供養一萬比丘,積累諸多功德。一天獨處靜坐這樣想:"以王權壓迫人民所得佈施不如以自己雙手工作所得佈施有大果報大功德,我應當這樣做。" 他把王位交給忠誠大臣,帶著妹妹不讓人知道以化裝相離開城市去到名為北摩偷羅的城市(今印度北方馬圖拉)。那裡住著一位大富長者,他們走近長者。長者問為何而來時,國王說要在你家做工作,得到允許后做了三年工作。然後一天長者見到他們叫來說:"你們非常柔弱,但在這家做工作住很久,這麼長時間在任何工作都不見懈怠,更不用說惡行。除了粥飯外從我這裡沒有其他幫助,為什麼目的做工作?"國王聽到他的話后說:"聽說這地方稻米品質很好很多,所以爲了稻米來到這裡。"聽到后歡喜的長者給了一千車稻米。 國王得到稻米后對長者這樣說:"請把這些送到我們的城市。"聽到后長者說好,把裝滿稻米的一千車送到國王城市。國王到城後用各種顏色的衣服、金銀等裝滿車子送回報答,建立堅固友誼后把運來的稻穀儲存在王宮。然後國王幾天後拿著杵親自舂米,舂好的妹妹簸揚。這樣兩人做成大堆白米,運來柴火水等煮成咸飯,在王宮設五百座位宣佈時間:"請尊者們來,以憐憫在我家受食。"聽到后五百比丘從空中來,國王儘量供養他們。 然後其中有一位住在兵瞿島的大濕婆長老拿著飯想:"讓他們看見我。"發願后從空中去兵瞿島把飯給五百比丘食用。以他的威力足夠所有人充足受用。如是善人即使以少量應施之物令佈施者心生歡喜作為依止。如說: 1 智者以少量之物,對於佈施諸人心; 增長信心如月亮,以光照耀乳海水。 2 不用於不當之處,也不作諸儲積事; 不作受用諸資具,也不損失諸資具。;

3.

Na pāpentāca theyyassa, na karontā tatheviṇaṃ;

Vibhajanti susīlesu, sayaṃ bhutvāna sīlavāti.

Atha rājā kaṇiṭṭhikāya saddhiṃ thattheva ṭhito piyaṃgudīpe paribhuñjante pañcasatabhikkhū disvā haṭṭho udaggo ahosi. Atha te aparabhāge attanā kataṃ dānavaraṃ anussarantā na cireneva ubhopi sotāpannā ahesuṃti.

4.

Na gaṇentāttano dukkhaṃ, vihāya mahatiṃ siriṃ;

Āyatiṃbhavamicchantā, sujanevaṃ subhe ratā.

5.

Āyāsena kataṃ puññaṃ, mahantaphaladāyakaṃ;

Iti mantvāna medhāvī, sahattheneva taṃ kareti.

Mahāsenarañño vatthuṃ pathamaṃ.

  1. Suvaṇṇatilakāya vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Laṅkādīpe kira anurādhapuranagare eko mātugāmo [ekāmātugāmātivā ekāmātugāmotivā katthaci] saddhāsampannā niccaṃ abhayuttaracetiye pupphapūjaṃ karoti, athekadivasaṃ sā attano dhītuyā saddhiṃ tasmiṃ cetiye pupphapūjanatthāya [pupphapūjatthāya itikatthaci] gantvā pupphāsanasālāya udakaṃ apassantī dhītu hatthe pupphacaṅgoṭakaṃ ṭhapetvā ghaṭa mādāya pokkharaṇiṃ agamāsi, tato sā dārikā mātari anāgatāyayeva [anāgateyeva itisabbattha] adhotāsane pupphamuṭṭhiṃgahetvā maṇḍalaṃ katvā pūjetvā evaṃ patthanamakāsi. Tathā hi.

1.

Mahāvīrassa dhīrassa, sayambhussa mahesino;

Tilokaggassa nāthassa, bhagavantassa satthuno.

2.

Ya mahaṃ pūjayiṃ pupphaṃ, tassa kammassa vāhasā;

Rūpīnaṃ pavarā hessaṃ, ārohapariṇāhavā.

3.

Maṃ disvā purisā sabbe, mucchantu kāmamucchitā;

Niccharantu sarīrā me, raṃsimālīva raṃsiyo.

4.

Hadayaṅgamā kaṇṇasukhā, mañjubhāṇī subhā mama;

Kinnarānaṃ yathā vāṇī, evameva pavattatūti.

Athassā mātā āgamma adhotāsane pūjitāni pupphāni disvā kasmā caṇḍālī adhotāsane bhagavato pupphāni pūjesi, ayuttaṃ tayā katanti āha, taṃ sutvā sā mātuyā kujjhitvā tvaṃ caṇḍālīti akkosi, sā ettakaṃ puññāpuññaṃ katvā aparabhāge tato cutā jambudīpe uttaramadhurāyaṃ ekassa caṇḍālagandhabbabrāhmaṇassa dhītā hutvā nibbatti, uttamarūpadharā ahosi, tassā sarīrato meghamukhato vijjullatāviya raṃsiyo niccharanti. Samantā catuhatthaṭṭhāne sarīrappabhāya andhakāre vidhamati. Mukhato uppalagandho vāyati, kāyato candanagandho, tassā dvinnaṃ thanāna mantare suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ ekaṃ tilakaṃ ahosi, tena bālasuriyassa viya pabhā niccharati. Diṭṭhadiṭṭhā yebhuyyena ummattā viya kāmamadena visaññino honti, aho kusalākusalānaṃ ānubhāvo. Tathā hi.

5.

Yena sā kodhasāmātu, caṇḍālī iti bhāsitā;

Tena sā āsi caṇḍālī, jegucchā hīnajātikā.

6.

Sallakkhetvāna sambuddha, guṇaṃ pūjesi yaṃ tadā;

Tena puññānubhāvena, sā bhirūpī manoramā.

7.

Yena yena pakārena, puññapāpāni yo kare;

Tassa tassānurūpena, morova labhate phalaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 3 不作諸偷盜之事,不作如是負債事; 分施與諸持戒者,自己食用具戒德。 於是國王與妹妹仍在那裡站著,見到在兵瞿島受食的五百比丘,歡喜踴躍。然後他們後來憶念自己所作殊勝佈施,不久兩人都成為預流果。 4 不計自己諸痛苦,捨棄廣大諸榮華; 希求未來諸有生,善人如是樂善事。 5 以辛勞所作功德,能帶來廣大果報; 智者如是思維已,親手自作如是事。 大軍王的故事第一。 32.金痣女的故事之緣起 據說在楞伽島(今斯里蘭卡)阿努拉達普拉城有一個具信仰的婦女常在無畏上寺供養花。一天她與女兒一起去那寺院供養花,在花座堂看不見水,把花籃放在女兒手中拿著水罐去蓮池。然後那女孩在母親未回來之前在未洗的座位上拿花束做圓形供養后如是發願。如是: 1 大雄者及賢者,自覺者大仙人; 三界中最勝者,世尊導師之前。 2 我以花作供養,以此業力緣故; 當爲最勝美人,具足高大身形。 3 見我諸男子眾,當迷醉於愛慾; 從我身放光芒,如光鬘放光明。 4 悅意且耳悅樂,我語柔美善好; 如緊那羅音聲,如是發出聲音。 然後她母親回來見到在未洗座位上供養的花說:"為什麼賤女在未洗的座位上供養世尊的花?你做了不適當的事。"聽到后她對母親生氣罵她"你是賤女"。她作了如此福非福業後來命終后投生在閻浮提北摩偷羅(今印度北方馬圖拉)一個旃陀羅樂師婆羅門的女兒,具最勝容貌。從她身體放出如雷雲中電光般的光芒。身體光芒照亮周圍四臂的黑暗處。口中發出青蓮香,身上發出旃檀香。她兩乳之間有一個金色痣,從中放出如初升太陽般的光芒。凡見到者大多如瘋狂般因愛慾心迷亂。啊,善不善業的威力!如是: 5 因她對母親嗔,說你是賤女故; 因此她成賤女,低種姓可厭者。 6 明瞭正等覺者,功德供養彼時; 以其功德威力,她美麗令人喜。 7 以任何諸方式,造作福與非福; 隨順其等方式,如孔雀得果報。;

8.

Pāpena ca tiracchāne, jāyanti kusalena te;

Vaṇṇapokkharatā hoti, morānaṃ kamma mīdisanti.

Tato tassā mātāpitaro suvaṇṇatilakāti nāma makaṃsu. Tasmiṃkira nagare manussā tassā rupadassanenaca savaṇenaca sampattāpi caṇḍāladhītā ayanti paribhavabhayena āvāhaṃ na karonti. Atha tasmiṃ nagare jeṭṭhacaṇḍālabrāhmaṇassa putto etamatthāya tassā mātāpitunnaṃ santikaṃ vatthābharaṇagandhamālādayo pesesi suvaṇṇatilakaṃ amhākaṃ dadantūti, te taṃ pavattiṃ tassā ārocesuṃ. Sāssa jigucchantī parihāsa makāsi. Tato brāhmaṇassa putto lajjito rañño santikaṃ gantvā vīṇaṃ muñcetvā gāyamāno evamāha.

9.

Lalanā nanānī calalocanānī,

Taruṇā ruṇānī calitādharāṇī;

Manujo hi yo nettapiyaṃ karoti,

Sa tu nīcajātiṃ api no jahāti.

Kimidanti raññā puṭṭho āha.

10.

Sameti kiṃ deva chamāya mattikā,

Kadāci cāmīkarajātikāya;

Sigāladhenu api nīcajātikā,

Sameti kiṃsīhavarena devāti.

Evañca pana vatvā deva imasmiṃnagare suvaṇṇatilakā nāmekā caṇḍāladhītā atthi, sā samānajātikehi pesitapaṇṇākāraṃ na gaṇhāti, kulavanteyeva pattheti, kadā nāma kākī suvaṇṇahaṃsena samāgacchati devāti. Rājā taṃ sutvā tassā pitaraṃ pakkosāpetvā tamatthaṃ vatvā saccaṃ bhaṇeti pucchi, sopi saccaṃ deva, sā jātisampannameva kāmetīti āha. Rājā evaṃ sati bhaṇe pañcamadhuranagare uddāḷabrāhmaṇo nāma atthi, so jātisampanno mātitoca pititoca anupakkuṭṭho , jegucchā paṭikkūlā etāti mātugāmena saddhiṃ na saṃvasati. Attano gehato rājagehaṃ gacchantoca āgacchanto ca soḷasakhīrodakaghaṭehi magge siñcāpesi. Mātugāme disvā kālakaṇṇī mayā diṭṭhāti khīrodakena mukhaṃ dhovati. Tava dhītā sakkontī tena saddhiṃ saṃvasatu, etamatthaṃ tava dhītaraṃ kathehīti āha, sopi taṃ sutvā gehaṃ gantvā dhītaraṃ pakkositvā raññā vuttaniyāmeneva tassā kathesi. Tāya taṃ sutvā sakkontī ahaṃ uddāḷabrāhmaṇena saddhiṃ vasissāmi, mā tumhe cintetha, papañcampi mā karotha, pātova gamissāmīti vutte pitā panassā sādhūti sahassagghanakacittakambalakañcukena dhītu sarīraṃ pārupāpetvā vīṇādituriyabhaṇḍāni gāhāpetvā dhītuyā saddhiṃ addhānamaggaṃ paṭipajji. Gacchanto antarāmagge aññatarasmiṃ nagare rañño gandhabbaṃ karonto dhītaraṃ piṭṭhipasse nisīdāpetvā gandhabbamakāsi. Athassa piṭṭhipassanisinnā suvaṇṇatilakā nayanakoṭiyā diṭṭhiṃ pāpentī sarasena taṃ oloketvā pārutakañcukaṃ kiñci apanetvā sarīrappabhaṃ paññāpesi, rājā panassā sarīrappabhaṃca rūpasampadaṃca disvā kāmāturo vigatasañño sammūḷho hutvā muhuttena paṭiladdhassāso tassā sassāmikāssāmikabhāvaṃ pucchitvā caṇḍāladhītāti sutvā paribhavabhayena taṃ ānetu masakkonto evarūpaṃ vaṇṇapokkharasampannaṃ itthiratanaṃ alabhantassa me ko attho jīvitenāti socanto paridevanto kāmamucchito kattabbā kattabbaṃ ajānanto asiṃ gahetvā attano sīsaṃ sayameva chinditvā kāla makāsi. Evameva antarāmagge pañcarājāno tassā rūpasampattimadamattā asinā chinnasīsā jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tathā hi sattā hiraññasuvaṇṇadāsidāsa puttadārādīsu [puttadārādīhi itisabbattha] piyaṃ nissāya kāmena mucchitā anayabyasanaṃ pāpuṇantīti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 8 以惡業生畜生中,以善業生彼等中; 孔雀具足美顏色,如是業報所致成。 於是她父母給她取名金痣。據說那城中的人雖被她的容貌聲音吸引,因怕受辱說"她是旃陀羅女"而不娶她。然後那城中最高旃陀羅婆羅門的兒子為此向她父母送衣服飾品香料花環等說:"請把金痣給我們。"他們把這事告訴她。她厭惡他嘲笑他。於是婆羅門子慚愧去見國王,彈琴歌唱如是說: 9 女人身輕目動人,年輕流淚唇顫動; 若有男人喜目視,不會捨棄低種姓。 國王問這是什麼,他說: 10 大王地上泥土能,何時與金相配合; 豺狼牝獸低種姓,何能配得獅王尊。 如是說后:"大王,此城有名金痣的旃陀羅女,她不接受同種姓者送的禮物,只願求高種姓者。大王,烏鴉何時能與金天鵝相配?"國王聽后叫她父親來問這事是真的嗎,他也說:"是真的,大王,她只愛慕高種姓者。"國王說:"如此,在五甜城(今印度中部)有名為烏達拉的婆羅門,他母系父系具足不受誹謗,厭惡憎惡這些與女人不同住。從自己家去王宮來往時用十六罐乳水灑路。見到女人說'我見到不祥'用乳水洗臉。你女兒如果能就與他同住,把這事告訴你女兒。" 他聽后回家叫女兒來如王所說告訴她。她聽后說:"我能與烏達拉婆羅門同住,你們不要擔心,也不要遲疑,明早就去。"父親說好,用值千金的彩繪袍子包裹女兒身體,讓拿琵琶等樂器,與女兒上路。 走時在路中某城為國王表演音樂,讓女兒坐在背後表演。然後坐在他背後的金痣以眼角視線看著他,用甜美聲音看他時稍微揭開包裹的袍子顯示身體光芒。國王見到她的身光和容貌美滿后愛慾熏心失去意識迷惑,片刻恢復意識后問她是否有夫,聽說是旃陀羅女后因怕受辱不能娶她,想:"得不到如此具足美好容色的女寶我活著何用?"悲傷哀嘆愛慾迷亂不知所措,拿劍自砍頭顱命終。如是路中五個國王因她容貌美滿驕慢而自砍頭顱喪命。如是眾生因貪愛黃金白銀奴婢兒女等而愛慾迷亂遭遇災難損害。世尊也如是說:

11.

Piyato jāyate soko,

Piyato jāyate bhayaṃ;

Piyato vippamuttassa,

Natthi soko kuto bhayaṃ.

12.

Pemato jāyate soko,

Pemato jāyate bhayaṃ;

Pemato vippamuttassa,

Natthi soko kuto bhayaṃ.

13.

Ratiyā jāyate soko,

Ratiyā jāyate bhayaṃ;

Ratiyā vippamuttassa,

Natthi soko kuto bhayaṃ.

14.

Kāmato jāyate soko,

Kāmato jāyate bhayaṃ;

Kāmato vippamuttassa,

Natthi soko kuto bhayaṃ.

15.

Taṇhāya jāyate soko,

Taṇhāya jāyate bhayaṃ;

Taṇhāya vippamuttassa,

Natthi soko kuto bhayaṃ.

Tato so anukkamena pañcamadhuranagaraṃ gantvā attano āgatabhāvaṃ raññā kathāpetvā tena anuññāto gantvā rājānaṃ addasa. Tadā uddāḷabrāhmaṇo rañño avidūre kambalabhaddapīṭhe nisinno hoti, gandhabbabrāhmaṇopi dhītuyā saddhiṃ gandhabbaṃ kurumāno nisīdi. Tasmiṃkhaṇe pitu piṭṭhipasse nisinnā suvaṇṇatilakā uddāḷabrāhmaṇo katamoti pucchitvā etasmiṃ bhaddapīṭhe nisinnoṃ esoti sutvā nilāmalalocanehi taṃ olokanti dasanaraṃsinā sambhinnasurattādharena mandahasitaṃ karontī taṃ oloketvā pārutakañcukaṃ apanetvā sarīrappabhaṃ vissajjesi. Taṃ disvā brāhmaṇo ummatto sokena paridaḍḍhagatto uṇhavātena pūritamukhanāso assunā kilinnanetto visaññī ahosi. Tato so muhuttena laddhassāso rogīviya rañño sakāsā apasaranto attano gehaṃ gantvā suhade pakkositvā tesaṃ evamāha. Bhavantettha.

16.

Yo āpade samuppanne,

Upatiṭṭhati santike;

Sukhadukkhe samo hoti,

So mitto soca ñātako.

17.

Yo guṇaṃ bhāsate yassa, aguṇañca nigūhati;

Paṭisedhetya [paṭisedhetikattabbā itisabbattha] kattabbā, so mitto soca ñātako.

18.

Suvaṇṇatilakānāma, lalanā kāmalālayā;

Nīlakkhicaṇḍakaṇḍehi, vikhaṇḍesi mano mama.

19.

Tassā mukhambuje sattā, mama nettamadhubbatā,

Appampina sarantāmaṃ, tatthevā bhiramanti te.

20.

Saheva tehi me cittaṃ, gataṃ ullaṃghiyuddhato;

Lajjāgambhīraparikhaṃ, dhitipākāramuggataṃ.

21.

Sammuyhāmi pamuyhāmi, sabbā muyhanti me disā;

Tassa me saraṇaṃ hotha, karotha mama saṅgahanti.

Taṃ sutvā te evamāhaṃsu.

22.

Yaṃ tvamācariya patthesi, caṇḍālī sā asaṅgamā;

Kinnu mīḷhena saṃyogo, candanassa kadā siyā.

23.

Agammagamanā yāti, narānaṃ dūrato sirī;

Kitticāyu balaṃ buddhi, ayasaṃca sa gacchatīti.

Atha tesaṃ brahmaṇo āha.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 11 從所愛生憂愁, 從所愛生恐懼; 從所愛解脫者, 無憂愁何恐懼。 12 從愛戀生憂愁, 從愛戀生恐懼; 從愛戀解脫者, 無憂愁何恐懼。 13 從喜樂生憂愁, 從喜樂生恐懼; 從喜樂解脫者, 無憂愁何恐懼。 14 從慾望生憂愁, 從慾望生恐懼; 從慾望解脫者, 無憂愁何恐懼。 15 從渴愛生憂愁, 從渴愛生恐懼; 從渴愛解脫者, 無憂愁何恐懼。 然後他漸次到達五甜城,讓人告訴國王他來到,得到允許後去見國王。那時烏達拉婆羅門坐在國王不遠處吉祥毯座上,樂師婆羅門也與女兒一起坐著表演音樂。那時坐在父親背後的金痣問"哪個是烏達拉婆羅門",聽說"是坐在那吉祥座上的這位"后,以藍寶石般的眼睛看他,用牙齒光芒照耀紅唇微笑看他,揭開包裹的袍子放出身體光芒。見此婆羅門發狂憂愁燒身,鼻孔充滿熱氣,眼淚沾濕雙目失去意識。然後他片刻恢復意識如病人般從國王處離開回到自己家,叫來親信對他們這樣說。諸位: 16 在災難生起時, 近處來作依止; 苦樂中保平等, 此友此親眷也。 17 說人之功德者,過失亦能隱藏; 阻止不當所為,此友此親眷也。 18 名為金痣女子,愛慾之所依者; 藍眼如箭利箭,射碎我心意也。 19 她蓮花面容中,我目如蜜蜂者; 不憶念絲毫事,迷醉其中而住。 20 我心與彼等共,飛越高墻而去; 超過慚愧深壕,越過堅忍城墻。 21 我迷惑失方向,四方皆成迷亂; 愿你們作依怙,對我作攝受事。 聽此他們如是說: 22 導師你所追求,旃陀羅不可近; 糞穢與栴檀香,何時能有相合。 23 不當行不當走,人之吉祥遠離; 名聲壽命力智,及榮皆隨之去。 然後婆羅門對他們說:

24.

Na pariccajati lokoyaṃ, amejjhe maṇimuttamaṃ;

Thīratanaṃ yuvāṇī ca, dukkulā api gāhiyāti.

Evañca pana vatvā tassā sassāmikāssāmikabhāvaṃ ñatvā ānethāti āha, te tathā akaṃsu. Tato brāhmaṇo tāya gehaṃ āgatakālato paṭṭhāya cattāro māse rañño upaṭṭhānaṃ neva agamāsi. Tassa pana brahmaṇassa santike pañcasatarājakumārā nānāvidhāni sippāni uggaṇhanti. Te taṃ kāraṇaṃ ñatvā suvaṇṇatilakāya vijjamānāya amhākaṃ sippuggahaṇassa antarāyo bhavissati, yena kenaci upāyena etaṃ māretuṃ vaṭṭatīti, cintetvā te hatthā cariyaṃ pakkositvā lañjaṃ datvā evamāhaṃsu, hatthiṃ surāya mattaṃ katvā suvaṇṇatilakaṃ mārehīti. Tato te sabbe rājaṅgaṇe sannipatitvā dūtaṃ pāhesuṃ, ācariyaṃ daṭṭhukāmamhāti. Tato brāhmaṇena āgantvā nisinnena paṭisanthāraṃ katvā ācariya ācariyāniṃ passitukāmamhāti āhaṃsu. Atha so suvaṇṇatilakaṃ gahetvā āgacchathāti manusse pesesi. Te tathā kariṃsu, atha tassā vīthimajjhaṃ sampattakāle hatthiṃ vissajjāpesuṃ. So soṇḍāya bhūmiyaṃ paharanto [paharantoupadhāvitvā itikatthaci] gacchanto upadhāvitvā soṇḍena taṃ ukkhipitvā kumbhe nisīdāpesi. Tato rājāno tathā taṃ mārāpetu masakkontā puna divase manusse payojetvā rattiyaṃ mārāpesuṃ. Brāhmaṇopi evarūpaṃ itthiṃ alasitvā jīvanato matameva [mataṃmeseyyo itikatthaci] seyyoti socanto paridevanto rājaṅgaṇe dārucitakaṃ kārāpetvā aggiṃpavisitvā matoti. Evaṃ mātugāmavasaṅgatā mahantaṃ anayabyasanañca maraṇañca pāpuṇantīti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā.

25.

Māyāvesā [māyācesā itikatthaci] marīcīva,

Soko rogo cupaddavo;

Kharāva bandhanā cesā,

Maccupāso guhāsayo;

Tāsu yo vissase poso,

So naresu narādhamoti.

26.

Ayoniso sā purimāya jātiyā,

Puññaṃ karitvā alabhīdisaṃ gatiṃ;

Dhīsampayuttaṃ [dhitisampayuttaṃ itikatthaci] kusalaṃ karontā,

Nibbāṇamevābhimukhaṃ karothāti.

Suvaṇṇatilakāya vatthuṃ dutiyaṃ.

  1. Kapaṇāya vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Bhagavati parinibbute jambudīpe tattha tattha bhikkhubhikkhuṇiyo ca upāsakaupāsikāyo ca jayamahābodhiṃ vandissāmīti yebhuyyena gantvā vandanti. Athā parabhāge bahū bhikkhū saṅgamma mahābodhiṃ vandanatthāya gacchantā aññatarasmiṃ gāmake bhikkhāya caritvā āsanasālaṃ gantvā katabhattakiccā thokaṃ vissamiṃsu, tadā tattha ekā kapaṇā duggatitthī tathā nisinnabhikkhū disvā upasaṅkamitvā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā ekamante ṭhitā ayyā kuhiṃ gacchantīti pucchi. Bhikkhū taṃ sutvā jayamahābodhissa ānubhāvañca taṃ vandanatthāya attānaṃ gamanañca kathentā evamāhaṃsu.

1.

Yatthāsīno jino jesi, sasenaṃ makaraddhajaṃ;

Hantvā kilesasenañca, buddho āsi niruttaro.

2.

Yaṃ pūjesi mahāvīro, ṭhito pada makopayaṃ;

Sattarattindivaṃ netta, nīlanīrajaraṃsinā.

3.

Surāsuranarādīnaṃ, nettāli pāḷipātanā;

Mecakākārapattehi, sikhaṇḍīviya bhāti yo.

4.

Surapādapova sattānaṃ, yaṃ tiṭṭhati mahītale;

Iha loke paratte ca, dadanto icchiticchitaṃ.

5.

Yassa purāṇapaṇṇampi, patitaṃ yo naro idha;

Pūjeti tassa so deti, bhavabhogaṃ mahīruho.

6.

Gandhamālehi salilehi, yamupāsati sadā naro;

Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, duritaṃ so nihaññati.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 24 世人不會捨棄此,不凈中最勝寶珠; 女寶及年輕女,賤族亦應攝受。 如是說後知道她是否有夫后說"把她帶來",他們就這樣做了。然後婆羅門從她來到家開始四個月不去王宮服侍。那時在婆羅門處有五百王子學習各種技藝。他們知道這事後想:"有金痣在我們學藝會有障礙,應當用任何方法殺她",想后叫來象夫給賄賂如是說:"使象喝醉酒殺死金痣。"然後他們都聚集在王宮庭院派使者說:"想見導師。"然後婆羅門來坐后寒暄說:"導師,我們想見導師夫人。"於是他派人說"帶金痣來。"他們就這樣做,然後在她到達街中時放出大象。大象用鼻子擊地走來奔向她用鼻子舉起她放在頭頂。然後國王們不能如此殺她,第二天派人在夜裡殺她。婆羅門也想"得不到如此女人,死比活著好",悲傷哀嘆在王宮庭院造木柴堆入火而死。如是陷於女人權勢者遭遇大災難損害和死亡。如世尊所說: 25 她如幻如陽焰, 憂愁病痛災禍; 如銳利束縛物, 死魔窟中潛伏; 若人信賴她們, 此人最下劣者。 26 她前生不如理, 作福得如是果; 智慧相應善業, 你們應向涅槃。 金痣的故事第二。 33.貧女的故事之緣起 世尊般涅槃后在閻浮提(印度)各處的比丘比丘尼和優婆塞優婆夷大多去禮拜勝大菩提樹。然後後來很多比丘集合去禮拜大菩提樹時在某村落乞食後去休息處做完食事休息片刻,那時那裡一個貧窮困苦的女人見到如是坐著的比丘們走近五體投地禮拜後站在一邊問:"尊者們往哪裡去?"比丘們聽后講說勝大菩提樹的威力和他們去禮拜的事如是說: 1 勝者坐此處,降伏魔王軍; 斷除煩惱軍,成無上佛陀。 2 大雄者恭敬,立足不動搖; 七日夜目光,放青蓮光芒。 3 天人阿修羅,眼如蜂列墜; 黑色形貌成,如孔雀光耀。 4 如天樹立於,大地為眾生; 此世與他世,給予諸所愿。 5 若人於此處,供養其落葉; 彼樹能給予,有中諸受用。 6 以香花與水,若人常供養; 內外諸惡業,彼能得消除。

7.

Yo deti ihalokatthaṃ,

Yo deti pāralokikaṃ,

Sampadaṃ jayabodhiṃtaṃ,

Bhoti gacchāma vandituṃ.

Taṃ sutvā udaggā somanassajātā bhikkhūnaṃ evamāha. Ahaṃ bhante parakule bhatiyā kammaṃ karontī dukkhena kasirena jīvikaṃ kappemi. Svātanāya me taṇḍulanālipi [bhaṇḍulanāmpa itisabbattha] natthi, pageva aññaṃ dhanaṃ, imaṃ vinā aññaṃ sāṭakampi natthi, kasmā pubbe akatapuññattā, tasmā imaṃ bhante sāṭakaṃ mamānuggahāya bodhimhi dhajaṃ bandhathāti yācitvā sāṭakaṃ dhovitvā tesaṃ adāsi. Bhikkhūpi tassānuggahāya taṃ gahetvā agamaṃsu. Sā sāṭakaṃ datvā pītipāmojjamānasā gehaṃ gantvā tadaheva rattiyā majjhimayāme satthakavātena upahatā kālaṃ katvā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ gamanamagge ekasmiṃ ramaṇīye vanasaṇḍe bhummadevatā hutvā nibbattī, athassā puññānubhāvena tiyojanike ṭhāne dibbakapparukkhā pāturahaṃsu, tatta tatta nānāvirāgadhajapatākā olambanti. Devaputtā ca devadhītaro ca sabbābharaṇavibhūsitā tatheva dhajapatākādayo gahetvā kīḷanti. Naccagītādinekāni acchariyāni payojenti. Atha dutiyadivase tepi bhikkhū bodhimaṇḍalaṃ gacchantā sāyaṇhe taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā ajja imasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe vasitvā gamissāmāti tattha vāsaṃ upagamiṃsu, tato te rattibhāge nānāvaṇṇadhaje ca devatāhi payojiyamānā gītavāditādayo ca tiyojanaṭṭhāne kapparukkhāni ca idaṃ sabbaṃ devissariyaṃ tassānubhāvena nibbattabhāvaṃ disvā vimhitamānasā devadhītaraṃ āmantetvā tvaṃ kena kammena idha nibbattāti pucchiṃsu. Sā bhikkhū vanditvā añjaliṃ paggayha ṭhitā bhante maṃ na sañjānitthāti āha. Bhikkhūhi na mayaṃ sañjānāma bhaginīti vutte sā attano sabhāvaṃ kathentī evamāha.

8.

Hīyyo āsanasālāya, nisīdittha samāgatā;

Tumhakaṃ santikaṃ gamma, yā varākībhivādayi.

9.

Yā bodhiṃ pūjanatthāya, vatthakaṃ paṭipādayi;

Sāhaṃ hīyyo cutā āsiṃ, rattiyaṃ byādhipīḷitā.

10.

Nānāsampattisaṃyuttā, nānābhūsanabhūsitā;

Vimāne ratanā kiṇṇe, jātāhaṃ ettha kānane.

11.

Hīyyo passittha me gattaṃ, rajojallehi saṃkulaṃ;

Ajja passatha me gattaṃ, vaṇṇavantaṃ pabhassaraṃ.

12.

Hīyyo passittha me bhante, nivatthaṃ malinambaraṃ;

Ajja passatha me bhante, dibbamambaramuttamaṃ.

13.

Vikiṇṇaphalitaggehi , kesehi viralā kulaṃ;

Ūkāgūthapaṭikkūlaṃ, hīyyo āsisiraṃ mama.

14.

Ajja taṃ parivattitvā, mama puññānubhāvato;

Sunīlamududhammillaṃ, kusumā bharaṇabhūsitaṃ.

15.

Purā me sakasīsena, vahitaṃ dārū dakādikaṃ;

Puññenāhaṃ ajja mālā, bhāraṃ sīse samubbahe.

16.

Dhajatthāya mayā hīyyo, padinnaṃ thūlasāṭakaṃ;

Ajja nibbatti me bhonto, mahantaṃ dibbasampadaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 7 彼給此世利, 彼給他世果, 成就勝菩提, 我們去禮拜。 她聽后歡喜喜悅對比丘們如是說:"尊者們,我在他家做工作,艱難困苦維持生活。明天連一納里米也沒有,更不用說其他財物,除這件外也沒有其他衣服,因為過去不作功德的緣故。因此尊者們,請以憐憫我把這衣服在菩提樹上系作旗幟。"這樣請求后洗凈衣服給他們。比丘們也為憐憫她接受后離去。她佈施衣服后歡喜喜悅回家,就在那天夜裡中夜被劍風所擊命終,投生為那些比丘們行路上一處美麗林中的地居天。然後以她的功德威力,三由旬處現出天界如意樹,各處懸掛各種彩色旗幟幡幢。天子天女們以一切裝飾莊嚴同樣拿著旗幟幡幢遊戲。表演舞蹈歌唱等諸多稀有事。然後第二天那些比丘去菩提場時傍晚到達那處想:"今天在這林中住后再去"就在那裡住下。然後夜間見到各色旗幟和天神表演的歌樂等和三由旬處的如意樹,見到這一切天界榮華以她威力而生后驚訝,呼喚天女問:"你以什麼業投生於此?"她禮拜比丘后舉手合掌而立說:"尊者們不認識我嗎?"比丘們說:"妹妹,我們不認識。"她講說自己本性如是說: 8 昨天休息堂中,聚集而安坐者; 來到你們之前,可憐者行禮者。 9 為供養菩提樹,佈施衣服之人; 我昨夜命終時,為病痛所逼迫。 10 具足種種成就,種種莊嚴裝飾; 宮殿遍佈珠寶,我生此林中處。 11 昨天見我身體,塵垢所玷汙者; 今天見我身體,具色且光明者。 12 昨天見我尊者,所穿污衣服者; 今天見我尊者,最勝天衣服者。 13 散開分叉頭髮,稀疏且不整齊; 虱糞所厭惡者,昨天我頭頂上。 14 今天已轉變彼,以我功德威力; 美好青柔髮髻,以花飾裝飾者。 15 從前我頭頂上,運載柴薪水等; 以功德今日我,頭頂花鬘重擔。 16 作旗幟我昨天,佈施粗糙衣服; 今日生起尊者,廣大天界成就。

17.

Jānamānena kattabbaṃ, dānādīsu mahapphalaṃ;

Devaloke manussesu, sukhadaṃ dāna muttamanti.

Taṃ sutvā sabbe bhikkhū acchariyabbhutacittā ahesuṃ. Sā devatā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū nimantetvā dibbehi khajjabhojjehi sahatthā santappetvā tehi saddhiṃ āgacchantī antarāmagge dānaṃ dadamānā mahābodhiṃ gantvā sabbehi dhajapatākā dīhi ca nānāvidhavaṇṇagandhasampannapupphehi ca dīpadhūpehi ca bodhiṃ pūjetvā bhikkhūnaṃ cīvaratthāya dibbavatthāni datvā āgamma tasmiṃyeva vanasaṇḍe vasantī nānāvidhāni puññāni katvā tāvatiṃsabhavane nibbatti. Bhikkhūpi taṃ acchariyaṃ tattha tattha pakāsentā bahūjane puññakamme niyojesuṃti.

18.

Evaṃ vidhāpi kapaṇā jinasāsanamhi,

Katvā pasāda matha thūlakucelakena;

Pūjetva dibbavibhavaṃ alabhīti ñatvā,

Pūjāparā bhavatha vatthusu tīsu sammāti.

Kapaṇāya vatthuṃ tatiyaṃ.

  1. Indaguttattherassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Amhākaṃ bhagavato parinibbāṇato orabhāge jambudīpe kira pāṭaliputtaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi. Tattha dhammāsoko nāma mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo āṇācakkavatti rājā rajjaṃ kāreti. Uddhaṃ ākāsato heṭṭhā pathaviyā yojanappamāṇe sakalajambūdīpe tassa āṇā pavattati, tadā sakalajambudīpavāsino ca caturāsīti nagarasahasse rājāno ca attano attano balavāhane gahetvā āgamma dhammāsokamahārañño upaṭṭhānaṃ karonti. Tasmiṃ samaye devaputtanagare devaputto nāma mahārājā attano balavāhanaṃ gahetvā rañño upaṭṭhānaṃ agamāsi. Dhammāsoko devaputtamahārājānaṃ disvā madhurapaṭisanthāraṃ katvā tumhākaṃ raṭṭhe bahussutā āgatāgamā mahāguṇavantā ayyā atthīti pucchi. Taṃ sutvā devaputtarājā atthi deva tasmiṃ nagare sīhakumbhakaṃ nāma mahāvihāraṃ. Tattha anekasahassabhikkhū viharanti sīlavantā appicchā santuṭṭhā vivekakāmino. Tesu sāṭṭhakathātipiṭakadharo indaguttatthero nāma tesaṃ pāmokkho ahosi. So anekapariyāyena sanarāmarānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃvaṇṇeti. Guṇavā attano guṇaṃ nissāya loke pākaṭoti. Taṃ sutvā rājā tuṭṭhamānaso theraṃ passitukāmo hutvā samma tvameva gantvā theraṃ yācitvā idhā nehīti āha. Taṃ sutvā devaputtarājā attano hatthassabalavāhanā dimahā senaṅgaparivuto indaguttattherassa santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā ayya ayyaṃ dhammāsokamahārājā daṭṭhukāmoti āha. Therena sādhūti sampaṭicchite rājā therena sampaṭicchitabhāvaṃ dhammāsokamahārājino pesesi. Tato dhammāsokamahārājā somanassappatto attano āṇāpavattitaṭṭhāne rājūnaṃ sāsanaṃ pesesi. Sabbeva therāgamanamaggaṃ alaṅkarontūti. Atha te rājāno tuṭṭhapahaṭṭhā attano attano nagare bheriṃ carāpetvā devaputtanagarato yāva pāṭaliputtanagaraṃ etthantare pañcapaṇṇāsayojanikaṃ maggaṃ visamaṃ samaṃ karonto devatānaṃ dibbavīthimiva alaṅkaritvā dhammāsokamahānarindassa evaṃ sāsanaṃ pesesuṃ. Bhavantettha.

1.

Indaguttamahāthera, sāmino gamanāya no;

Maggaṃ alaṅkarontūti, mahārājena pesitaṃ.

2.

Tato te apanetvāna, pāsāṇakaṇṭakādikaṃ;

Visamaṃ samaṃ karitvāna, sammajjitvāna sādhukaṃ.

3.

Dhotamuttā samābhāsā, okiritvāna vālukā;

Ussāpitā tattha tattha, dussatoraṇapantiyo.

4.

Kaladhotahemarambhādi, nānātoraṇapantiyo;

Tathā pupphamayā neka, toraṇūparitoraṇā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 17 知者應當作為,佈施等大果報; 天界與人間中,佈施為最樂事。 聽此所有比丘心生希有稀奇。那天神在那夜過後邀請比丘們,親手以天界硬食軟食供養,與他們一起來時在路中佈施,到達大菩提樹后以一切旗幟幡幢和各種色香具足之花及燈香供養菩提樹,給比丘們天界衣料作袈裟,回來住在那林中作各種功德后投生忉利天界。比丘們也在各處宣說這稀有事使很多人致力於福德之業。 18 如是貧窮者于勝者教中, 生信心以粗劣衣佈施; 供養得天界受用應知, 於三寶中應作正供養。 貧女的故事第三。 34.因陀崛多長老的故事之緣起 據說在我們世尊般涅槃后閻浮提(印度)有名為華氏城(今印度巴特那)。那裡法阿育王大神通大威力轉輪王統治王國。從上虛空到下地面一由旬範圍整個閻浮提都行其命令,那時整個閻浮提住民和八萬四千城市的國王們帶著自己軍隊來侍奉法阿育大王。那時在天子城有名為天子的大王帶著自己軍隊來侍奉國王。法阿育見到天子大王后作親切寒暄問:"你們國土有多聞通達經教大功德的尊者嗎?"聽此天子王說:"大王,那城中有名為獅甕的大寺。那裡住有幾千比丘具戒少欲知足樂於遠離。其中持三藏及義疏的因陀崛多長老為他們的領袖。他以種種方便對天人阿修羅比丘們說法。有功德者依自己功德在世間顯著。" 聽此國王心喜歡想見長老說:"朋友,你自己去請長老帶來這裡。"聽此天子王帶著自己象馬軍隊等大軍圍繞去到因陀崛多長老處禮拜后說:"尊者,法阿育大王想見尊者。"長老說"好"接受后,王把長老接受的情況告訴法阿育大王。然後法阿育大王歡喜向自己權力所及處的國王們發佈命令:"都要裝飾長老來的道路。"然後那些國王們歡喜踴躍在自己城中敲鼓宣佈,把從天子城到華氏城之間五十五由旬的道路平整裝飾如天界道路般,向法阿育大王如是發佈命令。諸位: 1 因陀崛多大長老,為我等主來行; 裝飾其道路者,由大王所派遣。 2 然後除去彼等,石塊與荊棘等; 使不平成平整,善加以掃除事。 3 洗凈珍珠光輝,散佈細沙后; 各處豎立起,布幔門樓列。 4 洗凈黃金芭蕉,各種門樓列; 如是諸花制,門樓上門樓。

5.

Tesu tesuca ṭhānesu, saṅkhatā kusumagghikā;

Tatheva gandhatelehi, dīpitā dīpapantiyo.

6.

Padumuppalasannīra, pupphapallava laṅkatā;

Ṭhapitā ghaṭamālāyo, puṇṇā sogandhavārihi.

7.

Nilapītā disambhinna, patākāhi dhajehi ca;

Maggassa ubhato passe, vanamāsi samākulaṃ.

8.

Ketavo uggatā tattha, mandamandasamīraṇā;

Avhayantāva sobhanti, brahmoragasurādayo.

9.

Nāgacampapunnāga, ketakīvakulādihi;

Padumuppalā dijalajehi, mālatī kusumā dihi.

10.

Mālādāmehi nekehi, maggamāsi vicittakaṃ;

Pattharitvā pādapaṭe, sittasammattabhūmiyaṃ.

11.

Lājādipañcapupphāni, vikiriṃsu manoramaṃ;

Alaṅkaritvā hattassā, kusumā bharaṇādihi.

12.

Maggālaṅkaraṇatthāya, ṭhapitāsuṃ tato tato;

Tesu tesu ca ṭhānesu, bherimaṇḍalamajjhagā.

13.

Naccanti cāturā nārī, rasabhāvanirantarā;

Kaṃsavaṃsādipaggayha, vajjentānekatantiyo.

14.

Gāyanti madhuraṃ gītaṃ, gāyantettha layānvitaṃ;

Maggoso sādhuvādehi, bheritantinadehica.

15.

Karīnaṃ koñcanādehi, hayānaṃ hesitehi ca;

Nekaviṭaṅkasaṅghehi, so karīhi samākulo.

16.

Maggassa ubhato passe, devakaññūpamā subhā;

Mālākalāpe paggayha, tiṭṭhanti tuṭṭhamānasā.

17.

Tathā puṇṇaghaṭe gayha, padumuppalasaṃkule,

Aṭṭhamaṅgalamuggayha, tiṭṭhanti pamadā tahiṃ.

18.

Sītalūdakasampanna, papāhi samalaṅkatā;

Sinānatthaṃ khatā āsuṃ, pokkharañño tahiṃtahiṃ.

19.

Tahiṃtahiṃkatā āsuṃ, dānasālā manoramā;

Nicitāsumanekāni, dānopakaraṇā tahiṃ.

20.

Evaṃ nekavidhā pūjā, amhehi paṭipāditā;

Ṭhapetvāna mahāgaṅgaṃ, taṃ jānātu mahīpatīti.

Taṃ sutvā asokamahārājā gaṅgaṃ alaṅkarothāti soḷasayakkhe pesesi, te saparivārā tattha gantvā attano ānubhāvena gaṅgāya anto tigāvutaṭṭhāne udukkhalapāsāṇe ṭhapesuṃ. Ṭhapetvā thambhe ussāpetvā tulāsaṃghāṭe datvā himavantato rattacandanasāre āharitvā padare santharitvā anekehi pūjāvidhānehi alaṅkaritvā rañño evaṃ sāsanaṃ pesesuṃ. Bhavantettha.

21.

Yamatthāya mayaṃ sabbe, mahārājena pesitā;

Amhehi dāni taṃ sabbaṃ, katameva suṇotha taṃ.

22.

Gāvutattayagambhīraṃ, gaṅgaṃ yojanavitthataṃ;

Thambhe patiṭṭhapetvāna, anagghaṃ rattacandanaṃ.

23.

Himavantato haritvāna, setuṃ tattha sumāpitaṃ;

Toraṇā ca ubho passe, ratanehi sunimmitā.

24.

Puṇṇakumbhaddhajā ceva, padīpāvaliyo tathā;

Ubho passesu ratanāni, māpetvālambanānica.

25.

Suvaṇṇamaṇimuttādi, dāmehi samalaṅkatā;

Vālukatthāya okiṇṇā, dhotamuttā pabhassarā.

26.

Tesu tesu ca ṭhānesu, ṭhapitāsuṃ mahāmaṇī;

Nānārāgavitānehi, sobhitā setuno pari.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 5 在彼彼諸處中,佈置花市場者; 如是以香油燈,點燃諸燈列列。 6 青蓮與紅蓮水,花朵新芽莊嚴; 安置諸花瓶列,盛滿香水者。 7 青黃各色交雜,旗幟與幡幢等; 道路兩邊處所,林木甚繁密。 8 旗幟高聳彼處,微風輕輕吹動; 光輝如在呼喚,梵天龍天等眾。 9 龍樹與香花樹,波羅樹香花等; 青蓮紅蓮生處,茉莉諸花等。 10 以諸多花環飾,道路成美麗者; 鋪設足布后,灑掃清潔地。 11 爆米等五種花,散播令人喜悅; 以象馬裝飾,花鬘裝飾等。 12 為裝飾道路故,從彼處此處置; 在彼彼處所中,鼓樂圍繞中央。 13 巧妙女人舞蹈,情態不間斷者; 舉起銅管等物,彈奏諸多弦。 14 唱出悅耳歌聲,此處依韻律唱; 道路以讚歎聲,及鼓絃聲響起。 15 以象鳴叫聲響,馬匹嘶鳴聲等; 諸多裝飾群眾,以象聲喧鬧。 16 道路兩邊之處,似天女美麗者; 手持花環束立,心意甚歡喜。 17 如是持滿瓶者,青蓮紅蓮盛滿, 舉起八吉祥物,美女立彼處。 18 具足清涼水者,裝飾飲水亭子; 為沐浴挖掘成,蓮池于彼彼。 19 彼處此處修建,悅意施捨堂宇; 堆積諸多種類,佈施資具彼。 20 如是諸多供養,我等已準備好; 除了大恒河外,愿地主知此事。 聽此阿育大王派十六夜叉去裝飾恒河,他們帶眷屬去到那裡用自己威力在恒河內三伽浮他處放置臼石。放置后豎立柱子給橫樑,從雪山運來紅旃檀心材鋪設木板,以諸多供養方式裝飾後向王如是發佈命令。諸位: 21 為何事我等眾,由大王所派遣; 我等今已作畢,一切請聽此。 22 三伽浮他深處,恒河一由旬寬; 立柱安置后,無價紅旃檀。 23 從雪山運來后,彼處善造橋; 兩邊門樓等,以寶善建造。 24 滿瓶旗幟及,燈列如是者; 兩邊諸珠寶,造作懸掛物。 25 黃金摩尼珍珠,花環以裝飾; 為沙子散佈,洗凈珍珠光。 26 在彼彼處所,安置大珠寶; 種種色帳幕,裝飾橋上方。

27.

Olambitāsuṃ tattheva, dibbādikusumādayo;

Niṭṭhitaṃ idha kātabba, yuttaṃ pūjāvidhiṃtu no;

Devotaṃ paṭijānātu, iti vatvāna pesayuṃti.

Tampi sutvā asoko mahārājā tumheva theraṃ idhānethāti tesaṃyeva sāsanaṃ paṭipesesi, te sādhūti indaguttattherassa santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā bhante pāṭaliputtanagarassa gamanāya kāloti āhaṃsu, tato thero saṭṭhisahassamattehi bhikkhusaṅghehi parivuto pañcapaṇṇāsayojanamaggaṃ paṭipajji. Athāparaṃ devaputtanagaravāsino anekavidhamālāgandhavāsacuṇṇaddhajapatākādīhi anekehi tālāvacarehi naccagītavāditehi pūjetvā agamaṃsu. Atha thero mahantena pūjāvidhānena jambudīpavāsīhi pūjiyamāno anukkamena candabhāgāya gaṅgāya setuṃ patvā tattha mahantaṃ pūjāvidhānaṃ olokento evaṃ cintesi, evaṃ uḷāraṃ pūjāvidhānaṃ idāni jambudīpe nāññassa hoti, mayhamevetaṃ kataṃ. Ahamevetta uttamo appaṭimoti evaṃ seyyassa seyyohamasmīti mānaṃ uppādetvā aṭṭhāsi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe eko khīṇāsavatthero taṃ mānenupatthaddhacetasā ṭhitaṃ dibbacakkhunā disvā upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā therassa ovadanto evamāha. Tasmā.

28.

Mā mānassa vasī hotha, māno bhante vasaṃgataṃ [mānaṃbhantevasīkataṃ itisabbattha];

Anatthado sadā hoti, pātetvāna bhavā vaṭe.

29.

Māno palālito satto, taṇhāpaṭighasaṅgato;

Makkaṭoragasoṇādi, hutvā jāyati jātisu.

30.

Mā mānaṃ sāmi pūrehi, attānaṃ parisodhaya;

Aparisuddhā sayo bhikkhu, dāyakaṃ na paritosati.

31.

Dadantānaṃ sarantānaṃ, pūjentānaṃ sace tuvaṃ;

Mahapphalaṃ mahābhūtiṃ, kāmattha hotha nibbaṇāti [nimmanā itikattaci].

Taṃ sutvā thero saṃsāre nibbindo tattheva ṭhito tilakkhaṇaṃ paṭṭhapetvā karajakāyaṃ sammasanto sahapaṭi sambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvāva nikkhami. Tato dhammāsokamahārājā balavāhanaparivuto mahantena pūjāvidhānena paṭimaggaṃ āgamma vanditvā tato diguṇaṃ pūjāsakkāraṃ kurumāno mahābhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ theraṃ attano nagaraṃ netvā tassa dhammakathaṃ sutvā pasannamānaso pañcasīle patiṭṭhāya mahantaṃ vihāraṃ kāretvā therena sahāgatānaṃ saṭṭhisahassānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ catupaccayehi upaṭṭhāna makāsi, atha thero sāṭṭhakathaṃ piṭakattayaṃ pakāsento tasmiṃ ciraṃ vasitvā tattheva parinibbāyi. Tato rājā sapariso tassa sarīranikkhepaṃ kāretvā dhātuyo gahetvā mahantaṃ cetiyaṃ kārāpesīti.

32.

Purātanānaṃ bhuvi puññakamminaṃ,

Guṇānubhāvena mahenti evaṃ;

Sadevakā naṃ manasīkarontā,

Puññaṃ karothā yatane sadā darāti.

Indaguttattherassa vatthuṃ catutthaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 27 懸掛于彼處者,天界等諸花等; 此處應作已畢,合宜供養儀軌; 愿天知道此事,如是說遣使者。 聽此阿育大王又派遣使者說"你們把長老帶來這裡",他們說"好"去到因陀崛多長老處禮拜后說:"尊者,去華氏城的時候到了。"然後長老被約六萬比丘眾圍繞上了五十五由旬的道路。然後天子城居民以各種花香粉末旗幟幡幢和眾多音樂舞蹈歌唱供養后前行。然後長老以盛大供養儀式被閻浮提居民供養,漸次到達旃陀婆伽河的恒河橋,在那裡看見盛大供養儀式這樣想:"如此殊勝供養儀式現在閻浮提中無人能比,這是為我所作。我在此是最勝無比。"如是生起"我比勝者更勝"的慢心而立。那時一位漏盡長老以天眼見到他以慢心充滿而立,走近禮拜后教誡長老如是說。因此: 28 莫為慢所制,尊者慢得勝; 常作無義利,令墮輪迴中。 29 慢所養育眾,貪嗔結縛者; 成獼猴蛇犬,生於諸生中。 30 主莫充滿慢,應凈化自己; 比丘不清凈,不能令施喜。 31 佈施與唸誦,供養若你作; 大果大利益,愿成無慢者。 聽此長老厭離輪迴就在那裡建立三相觀察所生身,獲得四無礙解與阿羅漢果而出發。然後法阿育大王被軍隊圍繞以盛大供養儀式來迎接禮拜後作加倍供養恭敬,與大比丘眾一起把長老帶到自己城中,聽他說法後心生信樂住立五戒,建大寺院供養與長老同來的六萬比丘四資具。然後長老宣說帶義疏的三藏,在那裡久住后即般涅槃。然後國王與眷屬為他舉行葬禮,取捨利造大塔。 32 昔日作福業者於世間, 以功德威力如是增長; 有天眾念此事時常, 應作福業精進不懈。 因陀崛多長老的故事第四。

  1. Sākhamālapūjikāya vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Amhākaṃ bhagavā dasapāramiyo pūretvā anukkamena tusitabhavane nibbatto devehi ārādhito sakkarājakule paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā mātukucchito nikkhanto anukkamena paramābhisambodhiṃ patvā tato paṭṭhāya pañcacattālīsasaṃvaccharāni ṭhatvā caturāsītidhammakkhandhasahassāni desetvā gaṇanapathamatīte satte bhavakantārato santāretvā sabbabuddhakiccāni niṭṭhāpetvā kusinārāyaṃ upavattane mallānaṃ sālavane yamakasālāna mantare uttarasīsakaṃ paññatte mañcake vesākhapuṇṇadivase dakkhiṇena passena sato sampajāno anuṭṭhānaseyyāya nipanno pacchimayāme bhikkhū ovaditvā balavapaccū-sa samaye mahāpathaviṃkampento anupādisesāya nibbāṇadhātuyā parinibbāyi, nibbute pana bhagavati lokanāthe ānandatthero mallarājūnaṃ etaṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Tato kosinārakā ca devabrahmādayo ca sannipatitvā naccagītavāditehi mālāgandhādīhi ca sakkarontā garukarontā mānentā pūjentā celavitānādayo karontā bhagavato sarīraṃ nagaramajjhe yattha makuṭabandhanaṃ nāma mallānaṃ cetiyaṃ, tattha netvā cakkavattissa sarīraṃ viya ahatena vatthena veṭhetvā tato vihatena kappāsena veṭhetvāti evaṃ pañcadussayugasatehi veṭhetvā āyasāya teladoṇiyā pakkhipitvā aññissāya āyasāya doṇiyā paṭikujjitvā sabbagandhānaṃ citakaṃ karitvā bhagavato sarīraṃ citakaṃ āropesuṃ. Atha mahākassapattherena bhagavato pāde sirasā vandite devatānubhāvena citako samantā ekappahāreneva pajjali. Bhagavato pana sarīre daḍḍhe sumanamakuḷasadisā dhātuyo avasissiṃsu. Tasmiṃ kira samaye kosalarañño janapade aññatarā gāmavāsikā itthī bhagavati parinibbute sādhukīḷhaṃ āgacchamānā antarāmagge attano sarīre uppannavātarogena upaddutā sādhukīḷhaṃ sampāpuṇituṃ asakkontī satthu āḷāhanaṃ gantvā bhagavato dhātusarīre tīṇi sākhapupphāni pūjetvā pasannamānasā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā gatā tāya eva rattiyā majjhimayāme kālaṃ katvā tāvatiṃsabhavane tiṃsayojanike kanakavimāne nibbatti. Tassā pubbakammapakāsanatthaṃ cakkamattāni sākhapupphāni tatta tattha olambanti. Teheva sabbaṃ vimānaṃ ekobhāsī [ekobhāsi tato itisabbattha] ahosi. Tato sugandhakaraṇḍakaṃ viya ca ahosi, sā pana attano sobhaggappattaṃ attabhāvañca vimānasampadañca parivārasampattiyo ca disvā vimhitamānasā pubbe katena [pubbekissame. pubbekatename iticakatthaci] kena me puññakammenā yaṃ laddhāti olokantī bhagavato dhātusarīrasmiṃ pūjitāni tīṇi sākhapupphāni disvā pasannamānasā mahācakkappamāṇaṃ sākhamālaṃ hatthena dhārentī dhātupūjanatthāya agamāsi. Tadā tattha sannipatitā manussā tassā rūpasampadañca hatte mahantaṃ sākhamālañca disvā vimhitamānasā amma tvaṃ kattha vāsikā. Kattha panimaṃ pupphaṃ paṭiladdhanti pucchiṃsu, taṃ sutvā devadhītā attanā bhagavato dhātusarīrassa pūjitasākhamālattayānubhāvena paṭiladdhasampattiyo ca dibbavimānañca pubbe matakalevaraṃ cāti sabbaṃ tesaṃ dassetvā dhammadesanāvasāne āha.

1.

Samāgatā bhavantā bho, passantu mama sampadaṃ;

Katamappena kārena, sammāsambuddhadhātuyā.

2.

Sākhamālāni tīṇeva, hīyyohaṃ munidhātuyā;

Pūjayitvāna santuṭṭhā, nivattā tāya rattiyā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 35.枝鬘供養者的故事之緣起 我們世尊圓滿十波羅蜜,漸次投生兜率天,被諸天勸請后投生釋迦王族,從母胎出生后漸次證得無上正等覺,從那時起住世四十五年,宣說八萬四千法蘊,引導無數眾生度過有愛之流,完成一切佛事後,在拘尸那羅(今印度北方邦)優婆跋單那的末羅族沙羅林中雙沙羅樹間,在北首鋪設的床上,在衛塞月圓日右脅而臥,正念正知以不起臥相,於後夜時分教誡比丘后,于破曉時分震動大地入無餘涅槃界般涅槃。世間導師般涅槃后,阿難長老告知此事給末羅王們。然後拘尸那羅人和天梵等聚集,以舞蹈歌樂和花香等恭敬尊重供養作布帳等,把世尊遺體帶到城中名為綁頭巾的末羅族塔處,如轉輪王遺體般以未用過的布包裹,然後以除去籽的棉花包裹,如是以五百對布包裹後放入鐵油槽中,用另一鐵槽覆蓋,造一切香料柴堆后把世尊遺體放上火葬堆。然後大迦葉長老以頭禮拜世尊足時,以天神威力火葬堆四周一時燃起。當世尊遺體被燒時,遺留如素馨花蕾般的舍利。據說那時在拘薩羅王國土某村莊住的女人,在世尊般涅槃時來參加善慶典,在路中被身上生起的風病所苦不能到達善慶典,去到世尊火葬處以三朵枝花供養世尊舍利身,心生歡喜五體投地禮拜后離去,就在那天夜裡中夜命終投生忉利天三十由旬金宮中。為顯示她過去業,如車輪大的枝花在這裡那裡懸掛。以此整個宮殿成為一片光明。然後如香盒一般。她見到自己達到莊嚴的身體和宮殿圓滿及眷屬圓滿後心生驚奇觀察"以什麼過去作的功德業得此"時,見到供養世尊舍利身的三朵枝花後心生歡喜,手持如大輪般的枝鬘去供養舍利。那時聚集在那裡的人們見到她的美貌和手中大枝鬘後心生驚奇問:"妹妹,你住在哪裡?在哪裡得到這花?"聽此天女顯示以供養世尊舍利身三朵枝鬘的威力得到的圓滿和天宮及前世死屍等一切后在說法結束時說: 1 諸位尊者集,請見我圓滿; 以少許所作,正等覺舍利。 2 三朵枝花鬘,昨我佛舍利; 供養心滿足,返回彼夜中。

3.

Marantī kharavātena, tamahaṃ sucaritaṃ sariṃ;

Tenāhaṃ puññakammena, tāvatiṃsūpagāahuṃ.

4.

Tattha me āsi pāsādo, tiṃsayojanamuggato;

Kūṭāgāravarākiṇṇo, sākhamālāti [sādhamālo itipikatthaci], vissuto.

5.

Yathā sabbasugandhehi, karaṇḍaṃ paribhāvitaṃ;

Tathā dibbasugandhehi, gandhitaṃ bhavanaṃ mama.

6.

Cakkamattā sākhapupphā, tattha tatthūpalambare [tatavatthupalabbare itipikatthaci];

Dibbagandhā pavāyanti, madhubbabhanisevitā.

7.

Bhassanti ekapupphasmā, tumbamattā hi reṇavo;

Tehi piñjaritā devā, kīḷanti ca lalantica.

8.

Pīḷandhitvāna mālādhayā, sudibbā bharaṇānica;

Sahaccharā devaputtā, naccagītādibyāvaṭā.

9.

Passathemaṃ bhujaṅgā bho, sattā mohena pārutā;

Hīyyo mataṃ paviddhaṃ me, pūtibhūtaṃ kalevaraṃ.

10.

Puḷavehi samākiṇṇaṃ, makkhikāgaṇakīḷitaṃ;

Kākasoṇādisattāna, māhāraṃ kuṇapālayaṃ.

11.

Patthenti purisā pubbe, anekopāyanena taṃ;

Daṭṭhumpidāni nicchanti, taṇhāyaññāṇatā aho.

12.

Lokapajjotakassāhaṃ, vimalassa yasassino;

Dhātuṃ hīyyo mahiṃ sammā, ajja sagge patiṭṭhitā.

13.

Hitvāne tādisaṃ kāyaṃ, laddhaṃdāni mamedisaṃ;

Dibbattabhāvaṃ sobhāhi, bhāsamāna mudikkhatha.

14.

Bhāsamānāya me vācaṃ, suṇothettha samāgatā;

Natthevākatapuññassa, aṇumattaṃ bhave sukhaṃ.

15.

Bindumattampi yo puñña, bījaṃ ropeti sāsane;

Na hā natthaphalaṃ [nahapanantaphalaṃ itipikatthaci] hoti, yāva nibbāṇapattiyāti.

Evaṃ sā devatā attanā paṭiladdhadibbavibhavaṃ dassetvā janakāyaṃ ovaditvā dibbasākhapupphehi jinadhātuṃ pūjetvā manussānaṃ passantānaṃyeva saddhiṃ vimānena devalokameva agamāsi. Taṃ disvā mahājano dānādīni puññāni katvā devalokaṃ pūresīti.

16.

Evañhi sā pupphamattena dhātuṃ,

Pūjetva devesu alattha bhūtiṃ;

Tumhepi bhonto tidivesu sātaṃ,

Kāmattha ce kattha puññāni sādhuṃti.

Sākhamālapūjikāya vatthuṃ pañcamaṃ.

  1. Moriyabrahmaṇassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Amhākaṃ bhagavati parinibbute magadharaṭṭhe macalaṃ nāma mahāgāmaṃ ahosi. Tattha moriyonāma brāhmaṇo paṭivasati saddho pasanno, tassa senānāme kā bhariyā atthi. Sāpi saddhā pasannā ratanattayesu. Te ubhopi samaggā sammodamānā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantetvā niccaṃ dānaṃ pavattentā cīvarādicatupaccayehi upaṭṭhahantā sīlaṃ rakkhantā uposathakammaṃ karontā divasaṃ vītināmenti. Athassa gehe vibhavaṃ yebhuyyena dānādīsu parikkhayamagamāsi. Tato brāhmaṇī sāmi no gehe dhanaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ. Kathaṃ dānaṃ pavatteyyāmāti brāhmaṇassa ārocesi, tato brāhmaṇo mā bhadde cintesi. Yenakenaci upāyena dānaṃ patiṭṭhapessāmāti vatvā tasmiṃyeva attano saussāhataṃ pakāsonto āha.

1.

Jānamāno hi lokasmiṃ, dānassedaṃ phalaṃ iti;

Na dajjā ko susīlesu, appampi divasampati.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 3 臨死銳利風中,我憶此善行; 以此功德業,生忉利天中。 4 彼處我宮殿,高三十由旬; 尖頂樓遍滿,以枝花聞名。 5 如一切香料,香盒所薰染; 如是天香料,熏我宮殿處。 6 如車輪枝花,彼處彼懸掛; 天香風飄來,蜜蜂所親近。 7 一朵花掉落,如壺量花粉; 諸天染金色,嬉戲與歌舞。 8 戴上花鬘飾,殊勝天裝飾; 天子與天女,舞歌等忙碌。 9 請看諸位此,癡所覆蔽眾; 昨見我棄屍,已成腐爛物。 10 蛆蟲所遍滿,蒼蠅群遊戲; 烏犬等眾生,食尸腐住處。 11 男人前渴求,種種方便彼; 今見不欲見,貪無知啊嗚。 12 我於世間燈,清凈有名聲; 舍利昨地上,今天界安立。 13 捨棄如是身,今得如我此; 天身諸光輝,照耀請觀看。 14 我說話之時,聚集此聽聞; 無作功德者,有中無微樂。 15 滴水般功德,種子植教中; 不會無果報,直至證涅槃。 如是那天女顯示自己獲得的天界受用后教誡眾人,以天界枝花供養勝者舍利,在人們看著時與宮殿一起迴天界去。見此大眾作佈施等功德充滿天界。 16 如是她以花供養舍利, 獲得天界中受用圓滿; 你們諸位若欲天界樂, 何處作何善業皆吉祥。 枝鬘供養者的故事第五。 36.摩利耶婆羅門的故事之緣起 我們世尊般涅槃后在摩揭陀國(今印度比哈爾邦)有名為摩遮蘭的大村。那裡住有名為摩利耶的婆羅門,有信有凈。他有名為斯那的妻子。她也對三寶有信有凈。他們兩人和諧歡喜,邀請比丘僧常行佈施,以衣等四資具供養,守持戒律,行持布薩度日。然後他家財產大多因佈施等而耗盡。然後婆羅門妻說:"主人,我們家的財物耗盡了。如何繼續佈施?"然後婆羅門說:"夫人莫憂慮。以某種方法我將建立佈施。"這樣說后即在那裡顯示自己的精進說: 1 知於世間中,佈施此果報; 不施少許者,日日于持戒。

2.

Saggalokanidānāni, dānāni matimā idha;

Kohināma naro loke, na dadeyya hite ratoti.

Evañca pana vatvā bhadde vanaṃ pavisitvā anekavidhāni paṇṇāni ca phalāni ca pacchipūraṃ āharitvā vikkiṇitvāpi dānaṃ na upacchindissāmāti vatvā tato paṭṭhāya vanaṃ gantvā paṇṇāni ca phalāni ca āharitvā vikkiṇitvā dānaṃ dento paṭivasati. Athekadivasaṃ brāhmaṇo vanaṃ paviṭṭho paṇṇehi ca phalehi ca pacchiṃ pūretvā sīsenā dāya gehaṃ āgacchanto pupphaphalapallavehi vinataṃ nekatarugaṇanicitaṃ sammattānekacātakacatuppadanisevitaṃ vippakiṇṇānantapupphapattakiñjakkhacchannavāḷukātalaṃ sandamānasītalā malajalappavāhaṃ akaddamāninnasupatittehi sundaraṃ kandaraṃ disvā pacchiṃ tīre ṭhapetvā otiṇṇo nahāyati, tasmiṃ khaṇe tattha ekasmiṃ rukkhe adhivattho devaputto taṃ tattha nahāyantaṃ disvā kinnu kho esa kalyāṇajjhāsayo vā udāhu pāpajjhāsayo sattoti dibbacakkhunā upadhāranto acchariyapuriso eso duggatopi hutvā attano dānappaveṇiyā upacchijjanabhayena vanaṃ gantvā paṇṇāni ca phalāni ca āharitvā dukkhena kasirena jīvikaṃ kappento dānadhammaṃ na upacchindatīti cintetvā tassa guṇādayo paṭicca pacchiyaṃ ṭhapitapaṇṇāni ca phalāni ca sabbāni suvaṇṇāni hontūti adhiṭṭhāsi. Athassānubhāvena sabbaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ ahobhi, atha so suvaṇṇapuṇṇapacchiyaṃ upari suvaṇṇarāsimatthake sabbakāmadadaṃ mahantaṃ maṇiratanaṃ ṭhapetvā antarahito paṭikkamma aṭṭhāsi, tato brāhmaṇo nahātvā uttiṇṇo pacchiyaṃ sampuṇṇasuvaṇṇavaṇṇaraṃsinā sambhinnavijjotamānamaṇiratanaṃ disvā kimetaṃti āsaṅkitaparisaṅkito pacchisamīpaṃ gantvā hatthaṃ pasāretuṃ avisahanto aṭṭhāsi. Taṃ disvā devaputto dissamānasarīrena ṭhatvā mā tvaṃ bhāyi brāhmaṇa. Mayā etāni nimmitāni, gahetvā gacchāhīti āha, atha brāhmaṇo devaputtassa kathaṃ sutvā ayaṃ devaputto imaṃ mayā nimmitaṃ, gahetvā gacchāti vadati. Kinnu kho so attano ānubhāvena deti, udāhu mayā katapuññenāti pucchissāmi taṃti pañjalikova devaputtaṃ pucchanto āha.

3.

Pucchāmi pañjalī dāni, devaputta mahiddhika;

Dadāsi me suvaṇṇañca, kāmadaṃ maṇimuttamaṃ.

4.

Nāpi ko no tuvaṃ ñāti,

Na mitto nopakārako;

Kiṃ tvaṃ atthavasaṃ disvā,

Mama dajjāsimaṃ dhanaṃ.

5.

Kena tapena sīlena, kenācāraguṇena ca;

Yena dajjāsi me deva, kiṃ me sucaritaṃ citaṃ.

6.

Kinnu purātanaṃ kammaṃ, kena kammena dassasi;

Athavā taviddhiyā desi, taṃ me akkhāhi pucchitoti.

Tato devaputto na kho panāhaṃ brāhmaṇa devoti paresaṃ kiñci dātuṃ sakkomi, tayā pubbe katasucaritānubhāvena nibbattatīti vatvā dibbacakkhunā tassa pubbakammaṃ disvā tassa pakāsento āha.

7.

Kassape lokapajjote, sambuddhe parinibbute;

Sabbattha patthaṭaṃ āsi, tassa buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

8.

Tadā paccantime gāme, tvamāsi kuladārako;

Saddho āsi pasanno ca, dāyako kusale rato.

9.

Tadā pabbajito eko, gacchanto antarāpathe;

Corehi anubaddhosi, acchinnapattacīvaro.

10.

Sākhābhaṅgaṃ nivāsetvā, pārupitvā tatheva taṃ;

Antogāmaṃ paviṭṭhosi, esamāno pilotike.

11.

Tato tvaṃ caramānaṃ taṃ, disvā kampitamānaso;

Vatthayugaṃ adāsi tvaṃ, saddahaṃ dānato phalaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 2 智者此世間,佈施生天因; 何人於世間,不施善樂中。 如是說后"夫人,我進入森林採集各種樹葉和果實裝滿籃子賣掉也不會中斷佈施"這樣說后從那時起去森林採集樹葉和果實賣掉后佈施而住。然後有一天婆羅門進入森林裝滿籃子樹葉和果實,頭頂著回家時,見到一處美麗山谷,有花果新芽垂下,眾多樹木密集,滿佈各種鳥獸棲息,無數花瓣花蕊散落覆蓋沙地,流淌清涼清凈水流,無泥清凈兩岸,把籃子放在岸邊下去洗浴。那時住在那裡一棵樹的天子見他在那裡洗浴想:"這是善意樂還是惡意樂的眾生?"以天眼觀察后想:"這是稀有之人,雖然貧窮也因擔心自己佈施傳統中斷而去森林採集樹葉和果實,艱難困苦維持生活也不中斷佈施法。"想后因他的功德等使放在籃子里的樹葉和果實都變成黃金。然後以他的威力一切成為黃金,然後在黃金堆頂上放一顆能滿足一切慾望的大摩尼寶珠后隱身退立一旁。然後婆羅門洗浴上岸見到籃子裝滿黃金光輝與發光摩尼寶珠混合光明,懷疑恐懼"這是什麼?"走近籃子不敢伸手而立。見此天子顯現身體而立說:"婆羅門莫怕。這些是我變化的,拿去吧。"然後婆羅門聽天子的話想:"這天子說'這是我變化的,拿去'。是以他的威力給,還是因我作的功德?"我要問他。"合掌問天子說: 3 今我合掌問,大神通天子; 給我黃金與,如意摩尼寶。 4 你非我親戚,非友非恩人; 見何利益故,給我此財物。 5 以何苦行戒,以何行德性; 天為何施我,我作何善行。 6 是何過去業,因何業將施; 或以你神力,請說我所問。 然後天子說:"婆羅門,我作為天也不能給予他人什麼,是以你過去所作善行的威力而生。"以天眼見他過去業後向他顯示說: 7 迦葉世間燈,正等覺涅槃; 一切處流佈,彼佛之教法。 8 那時邊遠村,你是戶主子; 有信有凈心,施者樂善事。 9 那時一出家,行於中路時; 被盜賊追逐,被奪缽衣者。 10 以枝條穿著,如是披覆彼; 進入村莊內,尋找碎布片。 11 然後你見彼,行走心震動; 你施一對衣,深信施果報。

12.

Patthodanena taṃ bhikkhuṃ, parivisitvā yathābalaṃ;

Pesesi abhivādetvā, saddhāya suddhamānaso.

13.

Imaṃ tvaṃ akarī puññaṃ, tuyhetaṃ caritaṃ imaṃ;

Tassa te puññakammassa, amukhyaphala mīdisaṃti.

Evañca pana vatvā idaṃ te brāhmaṇa dhanaṃ rājādīhi mayā anāharaṇīyaṃ kataṃ, tvaṃ aparisaṅkanto gahetvā yathādhippāyaṃ karohi, imaṃ kho pana maṇiratanaṃ icchiticchitaṃ pasavati, tenāpi ānubhāvena tava dānaṃ anupacchindanto puttadārādayo posehīti anusāsi, taṃ sutvā brāhmaṇo tena vuttaniyāmeneva bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ dadanto sīlaṃ rakkhanto ciraṃ vasitvā aparabhāge tato cuto devaloke nibbattīti.

14.

Evaṃ nihīnāpī dhanena santo,

Dānanvayaṃ neva pariccajanti;

Tasmā hi bhonto sati deyyadhamme,

Mā kattha dānesu pamādabhāvaṃti.

Moriyabrāhmaṇassa vatthuṃ chaṭṭhamaṃ.

  1. Puttavatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Ekasmiṃ kira samaye laṅkādīpavāsino saṭṭhimattā bhikkhū jayamahābodhiṃ vanditukāmā ekato mantetvā mahātitthena nāvaṃ āruyha jambudīpaṃ patvā tāmalittipaṭṭhene [tamalittapaṭṭane itikatthaci] otaritvā anukkamena pāṭaliputtanagaraṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Atha tasmiṃ nagare piṇḍāya carante te bhikkhū eko duggatamanusso disvā cirena [cirenāhaṃdiṭṭhā itisabbattha] mayā diṭṭhā buddhaputtāti somanasso bhariyaṃ pakkositvā bhadde imesaṃ ayyānaṃ dānaṃ dātukāmomhi, pubbe no akatapuññattā idāni duggatā jātā, imesu puññakkhettesu bījaṃ no ce ropessāma, punapi evameva bhavissāmāti vatvā kiṃ me gehe deyyadhammaṃ atthīti pucchi. Sā taṃ sutvā ghare no sāmi ayyānaṃ kiñci dātabbaṃ na passāmi. Api ca mama puttaṃ māretvā dānaṃ dātuṃ sakkāti. So tassā kathaṃ sutvā bhadde puttaṃ māretvā kiṃ dānaṃ demāti āha. Tāya taṃ sutvā sāmi kiṃ na jānāsi, putte no mate sandiṭṭhasambhattā ñātimittasuhajjā ca amhākaṃ santikaṃ āgacchāntā kiñci paṇṇākāraṃ gahetvā āgacchanti. Mayaṃ tena paṇṇākārena dānaṃ dassāmāti vutte upāsako sādhu tathā karohīti mātuyā eva bhāramakāsi, sā puttaṃ māretuṃ avisahantī āha. Tathā hi.

1.

Kicchā laddhaṃ piyaṃ puttaṃ, ammammāti piyaṃ vadaṃ;

Sunīlanettaṃ subhamuṃ, ko pakkamitumicchati.

2.

Mātarā māriyantopi, mātarameva rodati;

Māretuṃ taṃ na sakkomi, hadayaṃ me pavedhatīti.

Evañca pana vatvā ahaṃ sāmi na sakkomi puttaṃ māretuṃ. Tvaṃ mārehīti puttaṃ pitusantikaṃ pesesi. Atha sopi taṃ māretu masakkonto evamāha. Vuttañhi.

3.

Tāyanti pituno dukkhaṃ, puttā puttāti kittitā;

Pitu dukkhaṃ sukhaṃ puttā, dāyādā honti sabbadā.

4.

Tasmā me sadisaṃ puttaṃ, pillakaṃ mañjubhāsanaṃ;

Na sakkomi ahaṃ bhadde, jīvitā taṃ viyojituṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 12 以一缽飯食,盡力供養彼; 禮敬後送別,信心凈意者。 13 此你作功德,你此所行為; 彼功德業報,如是無上果。 如是說后"婆羅門,這財物我已使國王等不能奪取,你無須疑慮拿去隨意而用,這摩尼寶珠能滿足所欲,以此威力不中斷你的佈施而養育妻子兒女等"這樣教誡。聽此婆羅門如他所說般對比丘僧作大布施,持戒久住後命終生天界。 14 如是雖貧乏財物善人, 不捨佈施之傳統傳承; 因此諸位有可施物時, 莫對佈施生起放逸心。 摩利耶婆羅門的故事第六。 37.兒子的故事之緣起 據說有一時蘭卡島(今斯里蘭卡)住民約六十位比丘想禮拜勝大菩提樹一起商議后,從大港乘船到達閻浮提,在多摩梨帝港(今印度西孟加拉邦塔姆盧克)下船后漸次到達華氏城。然後一個貧窮人見到這些比丘在城中托缽後心生歡喜想"我過了很久才見到佛子"召喚妻子說:"夫人,我想對這些尊者佈施。因我們過去未作功德,現在成為貧窮,如果不在這些功德田播種,以後也會如此"說后問"我家有什麼可施之物?"她聽此說:"主人,我不見我們家有什麼可給尊者。但是我們可以殺我兒子佈施。"他聽她的話說:"夫人,殺兒子佈施什麼?"聽此她說:"主人,你不知道嗎?我們兒子死後,親友熟人來我們這裡時會帶些禮物來。我們用那禮物佈施。"優婆塞聽后說:"好,就這樣做"把擔子給了母親,她不忍殺兒子說。如是: 1 難得愛子者,叫媽媽柔語; 美目善容顏,誰愿將殺之。 2 被母殺害時,仍然哭叫母; 不能殺害彼,我心顫抖之。 如是說后"主人,我不能殺兒子。你來殺"把兒子送到父親那裡。然後他也不能殺說。說道: 3 保護父親苦,兒子稱兒子; 父苦子樂者,永為諸繼承。 4 如是我兒子,幼小語柔美; 不能我夫人,奪取彼生命。

5.

Ayasañca akittiñca, pappoti puttaghātako;

Pāṇātipātakammampi, kāmaṃ so phusate naroti.

Evañca pana vatvā so tvameva tava puttaṃ mārehīti pesesi, evaṃ tena vutte putthassa mārapāṇūpāyaṃ pariyesantā evamāhaṃsu, amhe panimaṃ māretuṃ na sakkomi, amhākaṃ pacchāgehe mahanto vammiko atthi, tasmiṃ eko nāgarājā paṭivasati. Kumāraṃ tattha pesessāma, so taṃ ḍasitvā māressatīti. Iccete eso kho upāyo evāti cintetvā kumāraṃ pakkositvā añcanā valivalayādīhi maṇḍetvā tassa hatthe geṇḍuṃ [teṇḍuṃ itisabbattha] ṭhapetvā tāta pacchāgehe vammikasamīpaṃ gantvā kīḷāti pesesuṃ. Tato dārako gantvā geṇḍukena kīḷanto vammikabile geṇḍukaṃ pātesi. Atha so geṇḍukaṃ gaṇhissāmīti vammikasusire hatthaṃ pavesesi. Tato sappo kujjhitvā susūtisaddaṃ karonto mahantaṃ phaṇaṃ katvā bilato sīsaṃ ukkhipitvā olokento aṭṭhāsi kumārassa hatthato parigalitapāsaṃviya. Athassa kumāro kiñci ajānanto sappassa gīvaṃ daḷhaṃ gaṇhi. Athassa mātāpitunnaṃ saddhābalena nāgarājā kumārassa karatale aṭṭhaṃsaṃ icchādāyakaṃ kaṇṭhamaṇiratanaṃ pātesi. Kumārassa mātāpitaro dvāraṃ nissāya ṭhitā tassa kiriyaṃ olokento taṃ maṇiratanaṃ disvā sīghaṃ gantvā puttaṃ ukkhipitvā hatthato maṇiratanaṃ gaṇhiṃsu. Tato te taṃ maṇiratanaṃ parisuddhāsane ṭhapetvā upacāraṃ katvā amhākaṃ idañcidañca dethāti abbhukkiriṃsu. Atha te maṇiratanānubhāvena gehadvāre mahantaṃ maṇḍapaṃ kāretvā vitānādinā maṇḍapaṃ alaṅkaritvā bhikkhūnaṃ āsanāni paññāpetvā te saṭṭhimatte bhikkhū nisīdāpetvā mahādānaṃ adaṃsu. Tato nagaravāsino maṇiratanānubhāvaṃ sutvā sannipatiṃsu. Atha te tesaṃ majjhe attano saddhābalena maṇiratanassa lābhaṃ pakāsetvā imañhi dānatthāyeva pariccajjāmāti ekasmiṃ ṭhāne patiṭṭhāpetvā tenānubhāvena yāvajīvaṃ dānaṃ dadantā sīlaṃ rakkhantā āyupariyosāne devaloke nibbattiṃsūti.

6.

Chetvāna pemaṃ api atrajesu,

Dadanti dānaṃ idha mānusevaṃ;

Na dadāti ko nāma naro samiddho,

Dānañhi dānassa phalaṃ sarantoti.

Puttavatthuṃ sattamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 5 無榮與無名,殺子者得之; 殺生業行為,此人必觸及。 如是說后他說"你自己殺你的兒子"送回。如是說時他們尋找殺子方法說:"我們不能殺他,我們後院有個大蟻塔,那裡住著一個龍王。我們把童子送到那裡,他會咬死他。"這樣想"這確實是個方法"后召喚童子,用塗料手鐲等裝飾后把球放在他手中說:"孩子,去後院蟻塔附近玩"送他去。然後童子去用球玩時,球掉進蟻塔洞里。然後他想"我要拿球"把手伸進蟻塔洞里。然後蛇生氣發出嘶嘶聲張大毒蛇頭從洞中抬頭觀看而立,如從童子手中滑落繩索般。然後童子什麼都不知道緊緊抓住蛇頸。然後以他父母的信力,龍王把自己頸上能滿足所欲的八角摩尼寶珠落在童子手掌中。童子父母倚門而立觀看他的舉動,見到那摩尼寶珠快速去抱起兒子從手中取摩尼寶珠。然後他們把摩尼寶珠放在清凈座上供養后祈願"給我們這個那個"。然後以摩尼寶珠威力在家門口造大帳篷,以帷幕等裝飾帳篷,佈置比丘座位后請約六十位比丘入座作大布施。然後城中居民聽聞摩尼寶珠威力后聚集。然後他們在眾人中顯示以自己信力得到摩尼寶珠說"這是為佈施而舍"安置在一處,以其威力終生布施持戒,壽命終時投生天界。 6 斷除親生子愛著, 此世人間行佈施; 富裕何人不佈施, 憶念施者施果報。 兒子的故事第七。

  1. Tebhātikamadhuvāṇijakānaṃ vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Atīte kira bārāṇasiyaṃ te bhātikā ekato hutvā madhuṃ vikkiṇantā puttadāre posenti. Tato tesu eko paccantaṃ gantvā malayavāsīnaṃ [malavāsīnaṃ itipikatthaci] hatthato madhuṃ kiṇitvā [vakkiṇitvā itisabbattha] gaṇhāti, eko gahitagahitamadhuṃ nagaraṃ āharati. Eko tena āhaṭāhaṭamadhūni bārāṇasiyaṃ nisīditvā vikkiṇāti. Tasmiṃ samaye gandhamādanapabbate eko paccekabuddho vaṇarogenā turo ahosi. Athaññataro paccekabuddho tassa madhunā phāsu bhavissatīti ñatvā gandhamādanapabbateyeva ṭhito cīvaraṃ pārupitvā ākāsenā gantvā nagaradvāre otaritvā kattha madhuṃ labhāmīti [labbhati itisabbattha] olokento aṭṭhāsī, tadā tasmiṃparakule bhatiṃ katvā jīvamānā ekā ceṭikā ghaṭamādāya udakatthaṃ titthaṃ gacchantī maggā okkamma ghaṭaṃ ṭhapetvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi, tadā paccekabuddho bhaginī ettha bhikkhāya carantānaṃ katarasmiṃ ṭhāne madhu labbhatīti pucchi. Sā tassa kathaṃ sutvā madhuāpaṇassa paññāyanaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā hatthaṃ pasāretvā esa bhante madhuāpaṇoti dassetvā yajjāyaṃ paccekabuddho āpaṇato madhuṃ na labhati. Mama nivatthavatthakaṃ datvāpi madhuṃ dassāmīti cintetvā olokentī tattheva aṭṭhāsi, atha paccekabuddho anupubbena vicaranto [caranto itipikatthaci] madhuāpaṇaṃ sampāpuṇi, tato kuṭimbiko [kuṭimba ko itipikatthaci] taṃ disvā hatthato pattaṃ gahetvā ādhārake ṭhapetvā madhughaṭaṃ ādāya pattassa upanāmento sahasā nikkujji. Tato madhu pattaṃ pūretvā uttaranto puna bhūmiyaṃ pagghari. Taṃ disvā somanasso vāṇijo evaṃ patthanamakāsi.

Vuttañhi mahāvaṃse.

1.

Tattha pattassa buddhassa, vāṇijo so pasādavā;

Vissandayanto mukhato, pattapūraṃ madhuṃ adā.

2.

Puṇṇañca uppatītañca, patitañca mahītale;

Disvā madhuṃ pasanno so, evaṃ paṇidahī tadā.

3.

Jambudīpe ekarajjaṃ, dānenānena hotu me;

Ākāse yojane āṇā, bhūmiyaṃ yojanepiti.

Evañca pana vatvā pattaṃ adāsi, paccekabuddho pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā tattheva ṭhito.

4.

Icchitaṃ patthitaṃ tuyhaṃ, khippameva samijjhatu;

Pūrentu citthasaṃkappā, cando paṇṇaraso yathā.

5.

Icchitaṃ patthitaṃ tuyhaṃ, sabbameva samijjhatu;

Pūrentu cittasaṃkappā, maṇijotiraso yathāti.

Vatvā maṅgalaṃ vaḍḍhetvā agamāsi. Athantarāmagge ṭhitā ghaṭaceṭikā paccekabuddhābhimukhaṃ gantvā madhuṃ labhittha bhanteti pucchi. Tena laddhaṃ bhaginīti vutte kiṃ vatvā so adāsīti pucchi. Paccekabuddho sabbaṃ kathesi. Sā taṃ sutvā thokaṃ bhante idheva hotha dāsiyā anuggahatthāyāti sīghaṃ gehaṃ gantvā nivatthapiḷotikā attano sāṭakaṃ dhovitvā āharitvā cumbaṭakaṃ katvā paccekabuddhassa adāsi, yadā so bhante madhudāyako sakalajambudīpe ekarajjaṃ kāreti. Tadāhaṃ tassa aggamahesī bhaveyyaṃti vatvā patthanaṃ karontīevamāha.

6.

Yadā te madhudo bhante, bhūbhujo hoti bhūtale;

Tassa hessaṃ tadā bhante, piyā aggamahesikā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 38.三兄弟蜜商的故事之緣起 據說過去在波羅奈城(今印度瓦拉納西)三兄弟一起賣蜜養育妻兒。然後其中一個去邊遠地從摩羅雅人手中買蜜,一個把買來的蜜運到城裡,一個坐在波羅奈城賣運來的蜜。那時在香醉山上有一位辟支佛患面板病。然後另一位辟支佛知道他用蜜會安樂,就在香醉山上披衣經空中來到城門降下觀看"在哪裡能得到蜜"而立。那時在別家做工維生的一個女僕拿著水罐去河岸取水,離開道路放下水罐禮拜後站在一邊。那時辟支佛問:"妹妹,在此托缽者在何處能得到蜜?"她聽他的話後站在可見蜜店的地方伸手指示說:"尊者,這是蜜店。"想"若這辟支佛從店裡得不到蜜,我雖要給出所穿衣服也要給蜜"觀看而立在那裡。然後辟支佛漸次行走到達蜜店。然後店主見他從手中取缽放在支架上,拿蜜罐傾向缽時突然翻倒。然後蜜裝滿缽溢出又流到地上。見此商人心生歡喜如是發願。 摩訶旺沙說: 1 彼處佛缽中,商人生信者; 從口溢流時,滿缽蜜佈施。 2. 滿盈與溢出,落於地面上; 見蜜生信者,如是發願時。 3 閻浮提一統,以此施得之; 空中一由旬,地上一由旬。 如是說后給了缽,辟支佛接受缽后即在那裡立說: 4 愿求所欲者,速疾得成就; 滿汝心意願,如十五月圓。 5 愿求所欲者,一切得成就; 滿汝心意願,如摩尼光輝。 說后祝福吉祥而去。然後站在路中的水罐女僕走向辟支佛問:"尊者得到蜜了嗎?"他說"得到了,妹妹。"她問"他說什麼給的?"辟支佛說了一切。她聽此說:"尊者,為憐憫婢女請稍待這裡。"快速回家洗凈所穿破布,帶來做成頭巾給辟支佛,說"尊者,當那佈施蜜者統治整個閻浮提時,愿我成為他的第一王后"作如是發願說: 6 當彼施蜜者,尊者為地主; 彼時我尊者,為愛第一后。;

7.

Surūpāca suvāṇīca, suyasā subbatā subhā;

Assaṃ tassa piyācātha, manāpā icchadā [icchidā itipikatthaci] sadāti.

Tassāpi tadā paccekabuddho tatheva hotūti maṅgalaṃ vatvā ākāsena gandhamādanameva agamāsi, athāparabhāge te tayopi ekato hutvā madhulokanaṃ karontā taṃ madhughaṭaṃ kuhiṃti pucchiṃsu, so tenattanā katakammaṃ vatvā sace tumhe tasmiṃ pattiṃ anumodeyyātha, taṃ sādhu. No ce. Madhuagghanakaṃ mama hatthato gaṇhathāti vatvā tehi tato na no attho [nanohattho itisabbattha] madhunā, kīdisassetaṃ adāsīti vutte taṃ sutvā itaro paccekabuddhā nāme te gandhamādane vasanti kāsāvaṃ pārupitvā kule kule bhikkhaṃ caranti, santo ete sīlavantāti kathesi, atha tesu jeṭṭho brāhmaṇacaṇḍālakāpi kāsāvaṃ paridahitvā caranti. Nūnāyaṃ caṇḍālakoti maññāmīti āha, majjhimo kujjhitvā tava paccekabuddhaṃ parasamudde khipāhīti avoca, atha tesaṃ kathaṃ sutvā madhudāyako mā bho tumhe ariyānaṃ mahesakkhānaṃ mahānubhāvānaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ pharusaṃ kathetha. Nirayadukkhā na bhāyathātiādinā anekā kārena nivāretvā tesaṃ guṇaṃ pakāsesi, taṃ sutvā te ubhopi sādhūti pasannācittā anumodiṃsu, aparabhāge te kālaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsarantā tattha tattha mahāsampattiyo anubhavitvā amhākaṃ satthu parinibbāṇato dvinnaṃ vassasatānaṃ accayena attano attano sampattaṭṭhāne nibbattiṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ.

8.

Asoko madhudo sandhi, mittādevī tu ceṭikā;

Caṇḍālavādī nigrodho, tisso so pāravādikoti.

Tesu caṇḍālavādī jeṭṭhavāṇijo bindusārarañño jeṭṭhaputtassa sumanarājakumārassa putto hutvā nibbatti. Tassāyamānupubbīkathā. Bindusārarañño kira dubbalakāleyeva asokakumāro attanā laddhaṃ ujjeniyā rajjaṃ pahāya āgantvā sabbanagaraṃ attano hatthagataṃ katvā sumanarājakumāraṃ aggahesi. Taṃ divasameva sumanassa rājakumārassa sumanā nāma devī paripuṇṇagabbhā ahosi. Sā aññātakavesena nikkhamitvā avidūre aññataraṃ caṇḍālagāmaṃ sandhāya gacchantī jeṭṭhakacaṇḍālassa gehato avidūre nigrodho atthi, tasmiṃ rukkhe adhivatthāya devatāya ito ehi sumaneti vadantiyā saddaṃ sutvā tassā samīpaṃ gatā, devatā attano ānubhāvena ekaṃ sālaṃ nimmiṇitvā ettha vasāhīti pādāsi. Sā taṃ sālaṃ pāvisi, gatadivaseyeva sā puttaṃ vijāyi. Sā tassa nigrodhadevatāya pariggahitattā nigrodhotveva nāmaṃ akāsi. Jeṭṭhakacaṇḍālo diṭṭhadivasatoppabhuti taṃ attano sāmidhītaraṃ viya maññamāno nibaddhavattaṃ paṭṭhapesi. Rājadhītā tattha sattavassāni vasi, nigrodhakumāropi sattavassiko jāto, tadā mahāvaruṇatthero nāma eko arahā dārakassa hetusampadaṃ disvā viharamāno sattavassiko dāni dārako. Kālo naṃ pabbājetuṃti cintetvā rājadhītāya ārocāpetvā nigrodhakumāraṃ pabbājesi, kumāro khuraggeyeva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ mahāvaṃse.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 7 容貌美音好,名聲德行美; 愿為彼所愛,隨意滿所求。 那時辟支佛對她也同樣說"愿如是"祝福后經空中回到香醉山。然後後來那三人一起清點蜜時問"那蜜罐在哪裡?"他說了自己所作之事後說:"如果你們隨喜此功德分,甚善。如不,從我手中取蜜的價錢。"他們說:"我們不要蜜,你給了什麼樣的人?"聽此另一人說:"辟支佛們住在香醉山,披著袈裟在各家托缽,他們是寂靜持戒者。"然後長兄說:"婆羅門賤民也披著袈裟行走,我想這必定是賤民。"中間的生氣說:"把你的辟支佛扔到大海去!"然後聽他們的話佈施蜜者說:"諸位,不要對有大威力大威神的聖者辟支佛說粗語。你們不怕地獄之苦嗎?"以種種方式阻止后顯示他們的功德。聽此他們兩人說"善哉"心生歡喜隨喜。後來他們命終在天人中輪迴,在各處享受大圓滿后,在我們導師般涅槃后二百年各自投生到應得之處。因此說: 8 阿育施蜜者,彌多天女僕; 說賤民尼拘,提沙說對方。 其中說賤民的長商人投生為頻頭娑羅王長子須摩那王子之子。這是他的緣起。據說在頻頭娑羅王衰老時,阿育王子捨棄自己得到的郁阇耶尼(今印度中央邦烏杰因)王位回來,使整個城市歸自己掌控后抓住須摩那王子。就在那天,須摩那王子的妃子名為須摩那的懷胎圓滿。她以不為人知的裝扮離開,向不遠處一個賤民村走去時,在長賤民家不遠處有棵尼拘律樹,聽到住在那樹的天神說"須摩那來這裡"的聲音後去到她那裡。天神以自己威力化現一間廳堂說"住在這裡"給她。她進入那廳堂,就在那天生下兒子。因為得到尼拘律天神的護持,就給他取名尼拘律。長賤民從見到那天起就視她如自己的女主人,建立固定供養。王女在那裡住了七年,尼拘律童子也七歲了。那時有位名為大婆盧那的阿羅漢,觀察到童子因緣具足住時想:"童子現在七歲了。是出家的時候。"通知王女后讓尼拘律童子出家。童子在剃髮時即證阿羅漢果。因此摩訶旺沙說:

9.

Taṃ mahāvaruṇo thero, tadā disvā kumārakaṃ;

Upanissayasampannaṃ, arahā pucchi mātaraṃ;

Pabbājesi khuragge so, arahattamapāpuṇīti.

So kira ekadivasaṃ pātova sarīraṃ paṭijaggitvā ācariyupajjhāyavattaṃ katvā pattacīvara mādāya mātuupāsikāya gehadvāraṃ gacchāmīti nikkhami. Mātunivāsaṭṭhānañcassa dakkhiṇadvārena nagaraṃ pavisitvā nagaramajjhena gantvā pācīnadvārena nikkhamitvā gantabbaṃ hoti. Tena ca samayena asoko dhammarājā pācīnadisābhimukho sīhapañjare caṅkamati. Taṃ khaṇaṃyeva nigrodho rājaṅgaṇaṃ sampāpuṇi santindriyo santamānaso yugamattaṃ pekkhamāno, tena vuttaṃ ekadivasaṃ sīhapañjare ṭhito addasa nigrodhaṃ sāmaṇeraṃ rājaṅgaṇena gacchantaṃ dantaṃ guttaṃ santindriyaṃ iriyāpathasampannanti. Disvā panassa etadahosi. Ayaṃ jano sabbopi vikkhittacitto bhantamigapaṭibhāgo. Ayaṃ pana daharako avikkhitto ativiyassa ālokitavilokitaṃ sammiñjanapasāraṇañca sobhati. Addhā etassabbhantare lokuttaradhammo bhavissatīti rañño saha dassaneneva sāmaṇere cittaṃ pasīdi, pemaṃ saṇṭhahi, kasmā. Pubbe kira puññakaraṇakāle rañño jeṭṭhakabhātā vāṇijakoyaṃ.

10.

Pubbeva [pubbena itikatthaci] sannivāsena, paccuppannahitena vā;

Evaṃ taṃ jāyate pemaṃ, uppalaṃva yathodaketi.

Atha rājā sañjātapemo sabahumāno sāmaṇeraṃ pakkosathāti amacce pesesi, te aticirāyantīti puna dve tayo pesesi turitaṃ āgacchatūti. Sāmaṇero attano pakatiyā eva agamāsi. Rājā patirūpāsanaṃ ñatvā nisīdathāti āha. So itocito ca viloketvā natthi dāni añño bhikkhūti samussitasetacchattaṃ rājapallaṅkaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pattaṃ gaṇhanatthāya rañño ākāraṃ dassesi. Rājā taṃ pallaṅkasamīpaṃ gacchantaṃ eva disvā cintesi ajjeva dāni ayaṃ sāmaṇero imassa gehassa sāmiko bhavissatīti, sāmaṇero rañño hatthe pattaṃ datvā pallaṅkaṃ abhiruhitvā nisīdi. Rājā attano atthāya sampāditaṃ sabbaṃ yāgukhajjakabhattavikatiṃ upanāmesi. Sāmaṇero attano yāpanamattameva sampaṭicchi. Bhattakiccāvasāne rājā āha satthārā tumhākaṃ dinnaovādaṃ jānāthāti. Jānāmi mahārāja ekadesenāti. Tāta mayhampī naṃ kathehīti. Sādhu mahārājāti rañño anurūpaṃ dhammapaeda appamādavaggaṃ anumodanatthāya abhāsi. Rājā pana appamādo amatapadaṃ, pamādo maccuno padaṃti sutvāva aññātaṃ tāta, pariyosāpehīti āha. Sāmaṇero anumodanā vasāne dvattiṃsadhuvabhattāni [dvittiṃsadhurabhattāni itisabbattha] labhitvā puna divase dvattiṃsabhikkhū gahetvā rājantopuraṃ pavisitvā bhattakicca makāsi. Rājā aññepi dvattiṃsabhikkhū tumhehi saddhiṃsve bhikkhaṃ gaṇhantūti eteneva upāyena divase divase vaḍḍhāpento saṭṭhisahassānaṃ brāhmaṇaparibbājakānaṃ bhattaṃ upacchinditvā antonivesane saṭṭhisahassānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ niccabhattaṃ paṭṭhapesi nigrodhattheragateneva pasādena. Nigrodhattheropi rājānaṃ saparisaṃ tīsu saraṇesu pañcasu sīlesu patiṭṭhāpetvā buddhasāsane pothujjanikena pasādena acalappasādaṃ katvā patiṭṭhāpesi. Rājāpi asokārāmaṃ nāma mahāvihāraṃ kārāpetvā saṭṭhisahassānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ niccabhattaṃ paṭṭhapesi. Sakalajambudīpe caturāsītiyā nagarasahassesu caturāsītivihārasahassāni kārāpesi. Tena vuttaṃ.

我來為您 譯這段巴利文: 9 大婆盧那長老,那時見童子; 具足諸因緣,羅漢問其母; 剃髮時出家,證得阿羅漢。 據說有一天他早晨整理身體,行侍師依止師之事後,拿缽衣想"去母優婆夷家門"而出發。他住處要從南門入城,經城中央,從東門出去而去。那時法王阿育朝東方在獅子窗徘徊。就在那時尼拘律到達王庭,諸根寂靜,心意寂靜,目視一牛軛之地。因此說:"一天站在獅子窗見到沙彌尼拘律在王庭行走,調伏,守護,諸根寂靜,威儀具足。"見后他這樣想:"這所有人心散亂如驚鹿。但這年輕人不散亂,他的觀看前後和屈伸極其莊嚴。必定在他內心有出世間法。"王一見沙彌即心生凈信,建立愛敬。為什麼?據說過去作功德時,王的長兄就是這商人。 10 或因過去住,或現世利益; 如是生愛著,如蓮生水中。 然後生愛敬的王派大臣去請沙彌來。他們延遲太久又派二三人去說"快來"。沙彌以自己常態而來。王知道適合的座位說"請坐"。他左右觀看"現在沒有其他比丘"後走近撐著白傘的王座,為拿缽向王作表示。王見他走近座位就想:"今天這沙彌將成為此家之主。"沙彌把缽交給王手后登上座位而坐。王供養為自己準備的一切粥點心飯食。沙彌只接受自己所需量。食事完畢后王說:"你知道導師給你們的教誡嗎?""大王,我知道一部分。""孩子,也對我說說。""好的大王。"為隨喜而說適合王的法句經不放逸品。王聽到"不放逸是不死道,放逸是死亡道"就說:"孩子,我已知道,請結束。"沙彌隨喜完后得到三十二份常食,第二天帶三十二位比丘進王宮作食事。王說:"明天請與你們一起再來三十二位比丘托缽。"以此方法每天增加,截斷六萬婆羅門遊行者的食物,在王宮內為六萬比丘建立常食,都因對尼拘律長老的信心。尼拘律長老也使王及眷屬住立三皈五戒,以凡夫之信使住立於佛教不動信。王也建造名為阿育園大寺,為六萬比丘建立常食。在整個閻浮提八萬四千城建造八萬四千寺院。因此說:

11.

Caṇḍālavādidosena,

Jāto caṇḍālagāmake;

Pattānumodanā pākā,

Āse so [aseso itipikatthaci] hi anāsavoti.

Ayaṃ nigrodhattherassa kathānayo.

Madhudāyako pana vāṇijo devalokato cavitvā pupphapure rājakule uppajjitvā piyadāso nāma kumāro hutvā chattaṃ ussāpetvā sakalajambudīpe ekarajjaṃ akāsi. Kathaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 11 因說賤民過, 生於賤民村; 隨喜得善報, 實成無漏者。 這是尼拘律長老的故事緣由。 而佈施蜜的商人從天界命終後生于花城王家,成為名為毗耶陀娑的王子,舉白傘統一整個閻浮提成為一王。如何?

Bindusārarājassa ekasataputtā ahesuṃ. Te sabbe asoko attanā saddhiṃ ekamātikaṃ tissakumāraṃ ṭhapetvā ghātesi. Ghātento cattāri vassāni anabhisittova rajjaṃ kāretvā catunnaṃ vassānaṃ accayena tathāgatassa parinibbāṇato dvinnaṃ vassasatanaṃ upari aṭṭhārasame vasse sakalajambudīpe ekarajjābhisekaṃ pāpuṇi. Atha taṃ sakalajambudīpe caturāsītinagarasahasse rājāno āgantvā upaṭṭhahissanti. Tiṇṇaṃ utūnaṃ anucchavikā tayo pāsādā ahesuṃ. Eko mahāsappiko , eko moragīvo, eko maṅgalo nāma, tesu nekanāṭakasahassaparivuto paṭivasati. Yāssa madhuāpaṇaṃ dassesi, sā asandhimittā nāma devaccharaparibhāgā rājadhītā hutvā saṭṭhisahassānaṃ itthīnaṃ jeṭṭhikā dhammāsokarañño aggamahesī ahosi. Abhisekānantaraṃ tassa imā rājiddhiyo āgatā, pathaviyā ca heṭṭhā yojanappamāṇe āṇā pavattati. Tathā upari ākāse. Anotattadahato aṭṭhahi kājehi soḷasapānīyaghaṭe divase divase devatā āharanti. Yato sāsane uppannasaddho hutvā aṭṭhaghaṭe bhikkhusaṅghassa adāsi. Dve ghaṭe saṭṭhimattānaṃ tepiṭakabhikkhūnaṃ dve ghaṭe aggamahesiyā asandhimittāya. Cattāro ghaṭe attanā paribhuñci devatā [devatāevaṃ itisabbattha], eva himavantato nāgalatādantakaṭṭhaṃ siniddhaṃ mudukaṃ rasavantaṃ divase divase āharanti, tena rañño ca mahesiyā ca soḷasannaṃ nāṭakasahassānañca saṭṭhimattānañca bhikkhusahassānaṃ devasikaṃ dantapoṇakiccaṃ nipphajjati. Devasikamevassa devatā agadāmalakaṃ agadaharīṭakaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇañca gandharasasampannaṃ ambapakkaṃ āharanti. Chaddantadahato pañcavaṇṇaṃ nivāsanapārupanaṃ pītakavaṇṇaṃ hatthapuñchanakapaṭaṃ [hatthapucchanakapaṭṭaṃ itisabbattha] dibbañca pānaṃ āharanti. Devasikamevassa anulepanagandhaṃ pārupanatthāya asuttamayikaṃ sumanapupphapaṭaṃ mahārahañja añjanaṃ nāgabhavanato nāgarājāno āharanti. Chaddantadahatoyeva uṭṭhitassa sālino navavāhasahassani divase divase suvā āharanti. Te mūsikā nitthusakāni karonti. Ekopi khaṇḍataṇḍulo nāhosi. Rañño sabbaṭṭhānesu ayameva taṇḍulo paribhogaṃ gacchati. Madhumakkhikā madhuṃ karonti. Kammārasālāsu acchā kūṭaṃ paharanti. Karavīkasakuṇā āgantvā madhurassaraṃ vikūjentā rañño balikammaṃ karonti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 頻頭娑羅王有一百個兒子。除了與自己同母的帝沙王子外,阿育王把他們全都殺了。在殺時未受灌頂而治國四年,四年過後,在如來般涅槃后二百多年第十八年獲得整個閻浮提一統王的灌頂。然後整個閻浮提八萬四千城的國王們來侍奉他。適合三個季節的有三座宮殿。一個名為大蛇,一個孔雀頸,一個吉祥,他與數千舞女住在其中。那指示蜜店的女子成為如天女般受用的公主名為阿珊提密多,成為六萬女人之首,法王阿育的第一王后。緊接灌頂后得到這些王威力:在地下一由旬內統令執行,空中也是如此。天神每天從無熱惱池用八擔帶來十六罐飲水。因此對教法生信后給了比丘僧團八罐。兩罐給約六十位三藏比丘。兩罐給第一王后阿珊提密多。四罐自己使用。天神每天從雪山帶來滑潤柔軟有味的龍藤齒枝,以此完成王與王后及一萬六千舞女和約六十千比丘的每日刷牙事。天神每天帶來藥物余甘子、藥物訶梨勒以及金色具香味的芒果。從六牙池帶來五色內衣外衣、黃色手巾和天飲。天神每天從龍界帶來涂身香、無絲天花布外衣和高貴眼藥。從六牙池同樣生起的稻米每天九千車由鸚鵡帶來。老鼠們把它們剝殼。連一粒破米也沒有。在王所有處都用這稻米食用。蜜蜂做蜜。在鐵匠房熊敲擊鐵砧。迦羅頻伽鳥來發出美妙聲音為王作供養。;

Imāhi iddhīhi samannāgato rājā ekadivasaṃ suvaṇṇasaṅkhalikabandhanaṃ pesetvā catunnaṃ buddhānaṃ adhigatarūpadassanaṃ kappā yukaṃ mahākālanāgarājānaṃ ānayitvā setacchattassa heṭṭhā mahārahe pallaṅke nisīdāpetvā anekasata vaṇṇehi jalajathalajapupphehi suvaṇṇapupphehi ca pūjaṃ katvā sabbā laṅkārapatimaṇḍitehi soḷasahi nāṭakasahassehi samantato parikkhipitvā anantañāṇassa tāva me saddhammavaracakkavattino sammāsambuddhassa [sammāsambuddharūpaṃ itisabbattha] rūpaṃ imesaṃ akkhīnaṃ āpāthaṃ karohīti vatvā tena nimmitaṃ sakalasarīre vippakiṇṇapuññappabhāvanibbattāsīti anubyañjanapatimaṇḍita dvattiṃsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇa sassirīkatāya vikacakamaluppalapuṇḍarīkapatimaṇḍitamiva salilatalaṃ tārāgaṇaraṃsijālavisaravipphuritasobhāsamujjalamiva gaganatalaṃ nīlapītalohitā dibhedaṃ vicittavaṇṇaraṃsivinaddhabyāmappabhāparikkhepavilāsitāya sañcyāppabhānurāgaindadhanuvijjullatāparikkhittamiva kaṇakagirisikharaṃ nānāvirāgavimalaketumālāsamujjalitacārumatthakasobhanaṃ nayanarasāyanamiva ca brahmadevamanujanāgayakkhagaṇānaṃ buddharūpaṃ passanto sattadivasāni akkhipūjaṃ nāma akāsi. Rājā kira abhisekaṃ pāpuṇitvā tīṇiyeva saṃvaccharāni bāhirakapāsaṇḍaṃ parigaṇhi, catutthe saṃvacchare buddhasāsane pasīdi, tassa pana pitā bindusāro brāhmaṇabhatto ahosi. So brāhmaṇānañca brāhmaṇajātipāsaṇḍānaṃ paṇḍaraṅgaparibbājakānañca saṭṭhisahassamattānaṃ niccabhattaṃ paṭṭhapesi. Asokopi pitarā pavattitaṃ dānaṃ attano antopure [antepure itisabbattha] tatheva dadamāno ekadivasaṃ sīhapañjare ṭhito te upasamaparibāhirena ācārena bhuñjamāne asaṃyatindriye avinītairiyāpathe disvā cintesi, īdisaṃ dānaṃ upaparikkhitvā yuttaṭṭhāne dātuṃ vaṭṭatīti. Evaṃ cintetvā amacce āha, gacchatha bhaṇe attano attano sādhusammate samaṇabrāhmaṇe antopuraṃ abhiharatha dānaṃ dassāmīti, amaccā sādhu devāti rañño paṭissutvā te te paṇḍaraṅgaparibbājakā jīvaka nigaṇṭhādayo ānetvā ime mahārāja amhākaṃ arahantoti āhaṃsu, atha rājā antopure uccāvacāni āsanāni paññāpetvā āgacchantūti vatvā āgatāgate āha attano anurūpe āsane nisīdathāti, ekacce bhaddapīṭhakesu ekacce phalakapīṭhakesu nisīdiṃsu, taṃ disvā rājā natthi etesaṃ anto sāroti ñatvā tesaṃ anurūpaṃ khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ datvā uyyojesi. Evaṃ gacchante kāle ekadivasaṃ sīhapañjare ṭhito nigrodhasāmaṇeraṃ disvā tasmiṃ gatena pasādena buddhasāsane pasanno saṭṭhisahassamatte pāsaṇḍiye apanetvā saṭṭhisahassamatte bhikkhū bhojento buddhasāsane pasīditvā asokārāmaṃ kāretvā tattha te vasāpento ekadivasaṃ asokārāme saṭṭhisahassabhikkhūnaṃ dānaṃ datvā tesaṃ majjhe nisajja saṅghaṃ catūhi paccayehi pavāretvā imaṃ pañhaṃ pucchi, bhante bhagavatā desitadhammo nāma kittako hotīti, mahārāja nava aṅgāni, khandhato caturāsītidhammakkhandhasahassānīti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 具足這些威力的王有一天派遣金鎖鏈,把見到四佛形相而壽命一劫的大黑龍王帶來,讓他坐在白傘下高貴座位上,以數百種水生陸生花和金花供養,用一切裝飾莊嚴的一萬六千**環繞后說:"請讓無邊智慧正法輪王正等正覺者的形相現於我這些眼前。"見他所化現的遍身散發功德之光所生的八十隨好莊嚴,三十二大人相莊嚴的具吉祥者,如開敷蓮花青蓮白蓮莊嚴的水面,如群星光網散射照耀莊嚴的天空,以青黃赤等種種色光纏繞一尋光圍莊嚴,如黃昏光暈彩虹閃電圍繞的金山峰,以種種無垢旗鬘照耀莊嚴頂端,如梵天神人龍夜叉眾的眼藥,佛的形相七天作眼供養。據說王得到灌頂后三年信奉外道,第四年對佛教生信。他父親頻頭娑羅是婆羅門信徒。他為約六十千婆羅門和婆羅門種外道、白衣遊行者建立常食。阿育王也在自己王宮內如是繼續父親所立佈施,有一天站在獅子窗見他們以非寂靜之道,諸根不調,威儀未學而食時想:"應該觀察這樣的佈施,在適當處佈施。"如是想后對大臣說:"你們去,把各自認為善的沙門婆羅門帶到王宮,我要佈施。"大臣說"善哉陛下"答應王后把那些白衣遊行者、耆婆、尼干陀等帶來說:"大王,這些是我們的阿羅漢。"然後王在王宮佈置高低座位說"請來"后對來者說"請坐在適合自己的座位上。"有些坐在貴重座位,有些坐在木板座位。見此王知"這些人內里無實質"后給他們適合的食物飲料送走。如是時日過去,有一天站在獅子窗見到尼拘律沙彌后,以對他生起的信對佛教生信,廢除約六十千外道,供養約六十千比丘而信樂佛教,建造阿育園后讓他們住在那裡。有一天在阿育園佈施六萬比丘後坐在他們中間,以四資具供養僧團后問此問題:"尊者們,世尊所說之法有多少?"(比丘們回答:)"大王,有九分教,從蘊來說有八萬四千法蘊。"

Rājā dhamme pasīditvā ekekaṃ dhammakkhandhaṃ ekekavihārena pūjessāmīti ekadivasameva channavutikoṭikhanaṃ vissajjetvā amacce āṇāpesi, ekamekasmiṃ nagare ekamekaṃ vihāraṃ kārentā caturāsītiyā nagarasahassesu caturāsītivihārasahassāni kārāpethāti, sayañca asokārāme asokamahāvihāratthāya [sayaṃcaasokahovihāratthāya itipikatthaci] kammaṃ paṭṭhapesi, saṅgho indaguttattheraṃ nāma mahiddhikaṃ mahānubhāvaṃ khīṇāsavaṃ navakammādhiṭṭhāyakaṃ adāsi, thero yaṃ yaṃ na niṭṭhāti, taṃ taṃ attano ānubhāvena niṭṭhāpesi, evaṃpitīhi saṃvaccharehi vihārakammaṃ niṭṭhāpesi, ekadivasameva sabbanagarehi paṇṇāni āgamiṃsu, amaccā rañño ārocesuṃ niṭṭhitāni deva caturāsītimahāvihārasahassānīti. Atha rājā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhante mayā caturāsītivihārasahassāni kāritāni, dhātuyo kuto lacchāmīti pucchi, mahārāja dhātunidhānaṃ nāma atthīti suṇoma, na pana paññāyati asukaṭṭhāneti. Rājā rājagahe cetiyaṃ bhindāpetvā dhātuṃ apassanto paṭipākatikaṃ kārāpetvā bhikkhubhikkhuṇiyo upāsakaupāsikāyoti catasso parisā gahetvā vesāliyaṃ gato. Tatrāpi alabhitvā kapilavatthuṃ gato, tatrāpi alabhitvā rāmagāmaṃ gato, rāmagāme nāgā cetiyaṃ bhindituṃ nādaṃsu. Cetiye nipatitakuddālo khaṇḍāvaṇḍaṃ hoti, evaṃ tatrāpi alabhitvā allakappaṃ pāvaṃ kusināraṃti sabbacetiyāni bhinditvā dhātuṃ alabhitvā paṭipākatikāni katvā rājagahaṃ gantvā catasso parisā sannipātāpetvā atthi kenaci sutapubbaṃ asukaṭṭhāne dhātunidhānaṃti pucchi. Tattheko vīsaṃvassa satiko thero asukaṭṭhāne dhātunidhānaṃti na jānāmi, mayhaṃ pana pitāmahatthero mayi sattavassikāle mālācaṅgoṭakaṃ gāhāpetvā ehi sāmaṇera asukagacchantare pāsāṇathūpo atthi. Tattha gacchāmāti gantvā pūjetvā imaṃ ṭhānaṃ upadhāretuṃ vaṭṭati sāmaṇerāti āha. Ahaṃ etameva jānāmi mahārājāti āha. Rājā etadeva ṭhānaṃti vatvā gacche harāpetvā pāsāṇathūpaṃ paṃsuṃca apanetvā heṭṭhā sudhābhūmiṃ addasa, tato sudhā ca iṭṭhakāyo ca harāpetvā anupubbena pariveṇaṃ oruyha sattaratanavālikaṃ asihatthāni ca kaṭṭharūpakāni samparivattantāni addasa, so yakkhadāsake pakkosāpetvā balikammaṃ kārāpetvāpi neva antaṃ passanto devatā namassamāno ahaṃ imā dhātuyo gahetvā caturāsītivihārasahasse nidahitvā sakkāraṃ karomi. Mā me devatā antarāyaṃ karontūti āha, sakko devarājā cārikaṃ caranto taṃ disvā vissakammaṃ āmantetvā tāta asokadhammarājā dhātuyo nīharissāmīti pariveṇaṃ otiṇṇo. Gantvā kaṭṭharūpāni nīharāpehīti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 王對法生信后想"我要以每一座寺院供養每一法蘊"而在一天內發出九十六億錢命令大臣說:"在每一城建一座寺院,在八萬四千城建造八萬四千寺院。"自己在阿育園開始阿育大寺的工作。僧團給予具大神通大威力漏盡的因陀崛多長老為工程監督。長老以自己威力完成所有未完工的。如是在三年內完成寺院工作。同一天從所有城市來信。大臣向王報告說:"陛下,八萬四千大寺已完工。"然後王走近比丘僧團問:"尊者們,我已建造八萬四千寺院,從哪裡能得到舍利?"(比丘們答:)"大王,我們聽說有舍利藏,但不知在何處。"王破壞王舍城塔寺不見舍利后恢復原狀,帶比丘比丘尼優婆塞優婆夷四眾去毗舍離。在那裡也未得到後去迦毗羅衛。在那裡也未得到後去羅摩村。羅摩村的龍不讓破壞塔寺。落在塔寺上的鋤頭碎成片片。如是在那裡也未得到后破壞阿拉迦巴、巴瓦、拘尸那羅等一切塔寺不得舍利后恢復原狀,去王舍城集合四眾問:"有誰曾聽說舍利藏在某處?"其中一位一百二十歲的長老說:"我不知舍利藏在某處。但我七歲時我祖父長老讓我拿花籃說'來,沙彌,在某灌木叢中有石塔。我們去那裡'去後供養說'沙彌,應記住這個地方。'我只知這個,大王。"王說"就是這個地方"后讓清除灌木,移開石塔和土,見到下面水泥地。然後移開水泥和磚后漸次下到院子,見到七寶砂和手持劍轉動的木人。他請夜叉奴僕作供養也見不到盡頭,禮拜天神說:"我取這些舍利放在八萬四千寺院作供養。愿天神不要對我作障礙。"巡行的天帝釋看見他后叫毗首羯磨說:"孩子,法王阿育說'我要取出舍利'已下到院子。去移走木人。"

So pañcacūlakagāmadārakavesena gantvā rañño purato dhanukahattho ṭhatvā hāremi mahārājāti āha, hara tātāti saraṃ gahetvā sandhimhiyeva vijjhi, sabbaṃ vippakirīyittha, atha rājā āviñjane [aviñcine itipikatthaci] bandhakuñcikamuddikaṃ gaṇhi, maṇikkhandhaṃ passitvā anāgate daḷiddarājāno imaṃ maṇiṃ gahetvā dhātūnaṃ sakkāraṃ karontūti paṇṇe akkharāni disvā kujjhitvā mādisānaṃ pana rājūnaṃ [rājānaṃ itisabbattha] daḷiddarājāti vattuṃ ayuttaṃti punappunaṃ ghaṭetvā dvāraṃ vivaritvā antogehaṃ paviṭṭho aṭṭhārasavassādhikānaṃ dvinnaṃ vassasatānaṃ upari āropitadīpā tatheva pajjalanti, nīluppalapupphāni taṃkhaṇaṃyeva āharitvā āropitāni viya pupphasanthāro taṃ khaṇaṃ santhato viya gandhā taṃ muhuttaṃ piṃsitvā ṭhapitā viya ahesuṃ. Rājā suvaṇṇapaṭṭaṃ gahetvā anāgate piyadāso nāma kumāro chattaṃ ussāpetvā asoko nāma dhammarājā bhavissati, so imā dhātuyo vitthāritā karissatīti vācetvā diṭṭhohaṃ ayyena mahākassapattherenāti vatvā vāmahatthaṃ ābhujitvā dakkhiṇahatthena apphoṭesi. So tasmiṃ ṭhāne paricaraṇakadhātumattameva ṭhapetvā sesadhātuyo sabbā gahetvā dhātugharaṃ pubbe pihitanayeneva pidahitvā sabbā yathā pakatiyāyeva kāretvā uparipāsāṇacetiyaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā caturāsītiyā vihārasahassesu dhātuyo patiṭṭhāpesi. Athekadivasaṃ rājā vihāraṃ gantvā bhikkhusaṃghaṃ vanditvā ekamante nisinno yadi bhante channavutikoṭidhanaṃ vissajjetvā caturāsītivihārasahassānisacetiyāni kārāpetvāpi ahaṃ na dāyādo. Añño ko dāyādoti, paccayadāyako nāma tvaṃ mahārāja, yo pana attano puttañca dhītarañca pabbājeti, ayaṃ sāsane dāyādo nāmāti evaṃ vutte asoko rājā sāsane dāyādabhāvaṃ patthayamāno avidūre ṭhitaṃ mahindakumāraṃ disvā sakkhissasi tāta tvaṃ pabbajituṃti āha. Kumāro pakatiyā pabbajitukāmo rañño vacanaṃ sutvā ativiya pāmojjajāto pubbajāmi [pabbajjāmi itisabbattha] deva. Maṃ pabbājetvā sāsane dāyādo hothāti āha. Tena ca samayena rājadhītā saṃghamittāpi tasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitā hoti. Taṃ disvā āha tvampi amma pabbajituṃ sakkhissasīti, sādhu tātāti sampaṭicchi. Rājā puttānaṃ manaṃ labhitvā pahaṭṭhacitto bhikkhusaṃghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhante ime dārake pabbājetvā maṃ sāsane dāyādaṃ karothāti. Saṅgho rañño vacanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā kumāraṃ moggaliputtatissattherena upajjhāyena mahādevattherena ācariyena pabbajāpesi [pabbajjāpesi itisabbattha]. Majjhantikattherena ācariyena upasampādesi, so upasampadāmālakeyeva saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Saṅghamittāyapi rājadhītāya ācariyāṇī āyupālattherī nāma [acāriyā āyupālattherīnāma itisabbattha]. Upajjhāyā dhammapālattherī nāma ahosi. Rājā pana anekākārena buddhasāsanaṃ sobhetvā moggaliputtatissattherassa sahāyena [sahayyena. sāhāyyena. sāhayyena itipikatthaci] saṭṭhisahassamatte dussīle titthiye buddhasāsanā uppabbājetvā tatiyadhammasaṃgītiṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Tasmiṃ kira samāgame bhikkhubhikkhuṇiyo kittakāti [kittakānīti itisabbattha], vuttañhi.

12.

Tasmiṃ samāgame āsuṃ, asītibhikkhukoṭiyo;

Ahesuṃ satasahassāni, tesu khīṇāsavā yatī.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 他以五縷發村童裝扮去,手持弓站在王前說:"大王,我來移走。""孩子,移走吧。"拿箭在接合處射中,全都散開。然後王拿了系鎖的鑰匙戒指,看見寶石塊和文字說"未來的貧窮國王們取此寶石對舍利作供養"後生氣說:"對像我這樣的國王說貧窮國王是不適當的。"反覆努力開門進入內屋,超過二百十八年點燃的燈仍然燃燒,青蓮花如同那時剛帶來放置一樣,花鋪如同那時剛鋪設一樣,香料如同那刻剛研磨放置一樣。王拿金板讀到:"未來名為毗耶陀娑的王子將舉白傘成為名為阿育的法王,他將使這些舍利廣佈。"說:"大迦葉長老尊者見過我。"曲左手右手鼓掌。他在那處只留供養用的舍利,取所有其餘舍利,以先前關閉方式關閉舍利室,使一切如原狀,在上面建立石塔,在八萬四千寺院安立舍利。 然後有一天王去寺院禮拜比丘僧團後坐在一邊說:"尊者們,我花九十六億錢建造八萬四千有塔寺院后,我不是繼承者。誰是繼承者?""大王,你名為資具施者。但讓自己的兒子和女兒出家的,此人名為教法繼承者。"阿育王聽此後希望成為教法繼承者,見站在不遠處的摩醯陀王子說:"孩子,你能出家嗎?"王子本性想出家,聽王的話極其歡喜說:"陛下,我出家。讓我出家使您成為教法繼承者。"那時王女僧伽蜜多也站在那裡。見她后說:"女兒,你也能出家嗎?""善哉父親"同意。王得到兒女的心后歡喜走近比丘僧團說:"尊者們,讓這些孩子出家使我成為教法繼承者。"僧團同意王的話后以目犍連帝須長老為戒師、大天長老為阿阇黎使王子出家。以摩阇提迦長老為阿阇黎使受具足戒,他在受戒圈內即與無礙解共證阿羅漢果。王女僧伽蜜多的阿阇黎尼名為阿由波羅長老尼。戒師尼名為法護長老尼。王以種種方式莊嚴佛教后以目犍連帝須長老協助把約六萬破戒外道從佛教驅逐出去,完成第三次法會。據說在那集會中比丘比丘尼有多少?如說: 12 那集會之中,八百萬比丘; 其中漏盡者,十萬修行人。

13.

Navutisatasahassāni, ahū bhikkhuṇiyo tahiṃ;

Khīṇāsavā sikkhuṇiyo, sahassaṃ āsu tāsu cāti.

Evaṃ so asoko dhammarājā sakalajambudīpe aggarājā hutvā buddhasāsanaṃ sobhento vihāsi. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana mahāvaṃse vuttoti. Vuttañhi.

14.

Sampuṇṇattā ayaṃ tisso, cetanāyo madhuppado;

Sabbattha sabbadā sabba, sampattimabhisambhuṇīti.

Majjhimo pana vāṇijo attano pāravādidosena parasamudde laṅkāyaṃ nibbatti. Tassevaṃ kathāpaṭipāṭi veditabbā. Tambapaṇṇidīpe kira muṭasīvo nāma rājā saṭṭhivassāni rajjaṃ kāresi, tassa puññapaññāguṇopetā aññamaññaṃ hitesino dasa puttā ahesuṃ. Dve ca dhītaro. Sabbe te samaggā sammodamānā vasanti. Athāparasmiṃ samaye amaccā muṭasīvaraññe kālakate devānaṃpiyatissakumāraṃ abhisiñciṃsu, abhisekasamakālamevassa anekāni acchariyāni ahesuṃ. Tāni pakāsentā mahāvaṃsakathācariyā āhaṃsu.

15.

Devānaṃpiyatissoti, vissuto dutiyo suto;

Tesu [ahosimuṭasīvassa, dasaputtesupuññavā itikatthaci] bhātusu sabbesu, puññapaññādhiko ahu.

16.

Devānaṃpiyatisso so, rājāsi pituaccaye;

Tassābhisekena samaṃ, bahūnacchariyānahū.

17.

Laṅkādīpamhi sakale, nidhayo ratanānica;

Antoṭhitāni uggantvā, pathavītalamāruhuṃ.

18.

Laṅkādīpasamīpamhi, bhinnanāvā gatāni ca;

Tatra jātāni ca thalaṃ, ratanāni samāruhuṃ.

19.

Chātapabbatapādamhi, tisso ca veḷuyaṭṭhiyo;

Jātā rathapatodena, samānā parimāṇato.

20.

Tāsu ekā latāyaṭṭhi, rajatābhā tahiṃ latā;

Suvaṇṇavaṇṇā rucirā; Dissantetā manoramā.

21.

Ekā kusumayaṭṭhītu; Kusumāni tahiṃpana;

Nānāni nānāvaṇṇāni; Dissantetiphuṭāni ca.

22.

Ekā sakuṇayaṭṭhī tu, tahiṃpakkhimigā bahū;

Nānā ca nānāvaṇṇā ca, sajīvāviya dissare.

23.

Hayagajarathā malakyā, valayaṅguliveṭhakā ceva;

Kakudhaphalā pākatikā, icce tā aṭṭha jātiyā.

24.

Muttā samuddā uggantvā; Tīre vaṭṭiviyaṭṭhitā;

Devānaṃpiyatissassa; Sabbaṃ puññavijambhitaṃ.

25.

Indanīlaṃ veḷuriyaṃ, lohitaṅkamaṇī ci me;

Ratanāni pane tāni, muttā tā tāca yaṭṭhiyo;

Sattāhabbhantareyeva, rañño santikamāharuṃti.

Tena ca samayena devānaṃpiyatissamahārājā ca asoko dhammarājā ca addiṭṭhasahāyā honti. Tasmā so etāni ratanāni ca aññāni bahūni upāyanāni mama sahāyassa dethāti dhammāsokamahānarindassa paṇṇākāratthāya pesesi. Sopi taṃ disvā pasīditvā pañcarājakakudhabhaṇḍāni ca aññañca bahupaṇṇākārañca abhisekatthāya pesesi. Mayhaṃ sahāyaṃ abhisekaṃ karontūti. Na kevalañcetaṃ āmisapaṇṇākāraṃ. Imaṃ kira dhammapaṇṇākārampi pesesi.

26.

Ahaṃ buddhaṃca dhammaṃca; Saṃghaṃca saraṇaṃ gato;

Upasakattaṃ vedesiṃ; Sakyaputtassa sāsane.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 13 九十萬是比丘尼數量在那裡; 其中漏盡戒尼,有一千之數。 如是阿育法王成為整個閻浮提最高國王而住,莊嚴佛教。這裡是簡要,詳細在大史中說。如說: 14 圓滿這三種,施蜜之意樂; 一切處一切時,成就一切事。 而中間的商人因自己邪見過失在彼海中蘭卡出生。他的故事次第應這樣了知。據說在銅色洲(斯里蘭卡)有名為目多西瓦的王統治六十年,他有具足功德智慧,互相利益的十個兒子和兩個女兒。他們都和睦歡喜而住。然後在另一時,大臣們在目多西瓦王去世后為天愛帝須王子舉行灌頂,正在灌頂時有許多神奇事發生。大史論師們宣說這些說: 15 名天愛帝須,第二子聞名; 在那些兄弟中,功德智最勝。 16 彼天愛帝須,父逝即為王; 與其灌頂同,多神奇事生。 17 在整個蘭卡島,寶藏及珍寶; 由內起至上,升到地表面。 18 在蘭卡島附近,破船所載寶; 及生於彼處,珍寶升陸地。 19 在飢餓山腳下,三根竹杖生; 大小如車鞭,相同之尺寸。 20 其中一藤杖,藤如銀光色; 金色甚美麗,顯現令心悅。 21 一是花枝杖,其處有諸花; 種種不同色,顯現遍佈滿。 22 一是鳥類杖,其處鳥獸多; 種種不同色,如有命顯現。 23 馬象車薄荷,圓環指環等; 迦俱他果實,此等八種生。 24 珍珠自海起,如圈立岸邊; 天愛帝須王,一切福所顯。 25 藍寶石琉璃,紅玉和摩尼; 還有這些寶,珍珠與諸杖; 在七天之內,帶到王面前。 那時天愛帝須大王和法王阿育是未見之友。因此他把這些珍寶和其他許多禮物說"給我的朋友"而送給法王阿育作禮物。他見了歡喜後送五種王之標物和其他許多禮物為灌頂說:"為我朋友舉行灌頂。"不僅是這物質禮物。據說還送這法禮物: 26 我歸依佛法,及僧伽三寶; 宣說優婆塞,釋迦子教中。

27.

Imesu tīsu vatthūsu; Uttamesu naruttama;

Cittaṃ pasādayitvāna, saddhāya saraṇaṃ vajāti.

Amaccā puna laṅkamāgamma rājānaṃ abhisiñciṃsu, tena kho pana samayena moggaliputtatissatthero kattha nukho anāgate sāsanaṃ suppatiṭṭhitaṃ bhaveyyāti upaparikkhanto paccantime suppatiṭṭhitaṃ bhavissatīti ñatvā te te there tattha tattha pesetvā mahāmahindattheraṃ gantvā tambapaṇṇidīpaṃ pasādehīti niyojesi, sakko ca devānamindo mahāmahindattheraṃ upasaṃkamitvā kālakato bhante muṭasīvo rājā. Idāni devānaṃpiyatissamahārājā rajjaṃ kāreti. Sammāsambuddhena ca tumhe byākatā anāgate mahindo nāma bhikkhu tambapaṇṇidīpaṃ pasādessatīti. Tasmā tiha kho bhante kālo dīpavaraṃ gamanāya, ahampi sahāyo bhavissāmīti, thero tassa vacanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā attasattamo cetiyapabbatavihārato vehāsaṃ uppatitvā anurādhapurassa puratthimadisāya missakapabbate patiṭṭhahi, imaṃ etarahi cetiyapabbatotipi sañjānanti. Tadā tambapaṇṇiyaṃ ussavadivaso hoti, rājā chaṇaṃ karothāti amacce āṇāpetvā cattāḷīsasahassapurisehi parivārito nagaramhā nikkhamitvā missakapabbataṃ pāyāsi migavaṃ kīḷitukāmo. Atha tasmiṃ pabbate adhivatthā ekā devatā rañño there dassessāmīti rohitamīgavaṇṇena avidūre tiṇapaṇṇāni khādamānā viya carati, rājā ayuttaṃ dāni pamattaṃ vijjhituṃti jiyaṃ poṭhesi, migo ambatthalamaggaṃ gahetvā palāyituṃ ārabhi, rājā taṃ anubandhanto ambatthalameva abhiruhi, migopi therānaṃ avidūre antaradhāyi, mahindatthero rājānaṃ avidūre āgacchanta maṃyeva rājā passatu, mā itareti adhiṭṭhahitvā tissa tissa ito ehīti āha, rājā taṃ sutvā cintesi. Imasmiṃ tambapaṇṇidīpe jāto maṃ tissoti nāmaṃ gahetvā ālapituṃ samattho nāma natthi. Ayaṃ pana chinnabhinnapaṭadharo bhaṇḍukāsāva vasano maṃ nāmenā lapati, ko nukho yaṃ bhavissati manusso amanusso vāti. Thero āha.

28.

Samaṇā mayaṃ mahārāja, dhammarājassa sāvakā;

Taveva anukampāya, jambudīpā idhāgatāti.

Rājā dhammāsokanarindena pesitasāsanānusārena anussaramāno ayyā nukho āgatāti tāvadeva āyudhaṃ nikkhipitvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ kathayamāno sāraṇīyaṃ [sammodanīyaṃ-itisabbattha] kathaṃ kurumāno. Tasmiṃ tānipi cattāḷīsapurisasahassāni āgantvā taṃ parivāresuṃ, tadā thero itarepi jane dassesi, rājā disvā ime kadā āgatāti pucchi, mayā saddhiṃyeva mahārājāti. Idāni pana jambudīpe aññepi evarūpā samaṇā santīti. Mahārāja etarahi jambudīpo kāsāvapajjoto isivātapaṭivāto, tasmiṃ.

29.

Tevijjā iddhippattā ca, cetopariññakovidā;

Khīṇāsavā arahanto, bahū buddhassa sāvakāti.

Rājā taṃ sutvā pasanno ahosi, atha thero rukkhopamādinā tassa paññāveyyattiyaṃ ñatvā dhammaṃ desesi sanarāmarehi sādhukāraṃ kārayamāno. Tena vutthaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 27 於此三寶中,最上人中尊; 使心生凈信,以信入歸依。 大臣們再回蘭卡為王灌頂。那時目犍連帝須長老觀察"未來在何處教法會善住立?"知道"將在邊地善住立"後派遣諸長老去各處,指派大馬醯陀長老說:"去使銅色洲(斯里蘭卡)信樂。"天帝釋走近大馬醯陀長老說:"尊者,目多西瓦王已去世。現在天愛帝須大王治國。正等正覺者也授記你們說:'未來名為摩醯陀的比丘將使銅色洲信樂。'因此尊者,現在是去殊勝之島的時候,我也將成為助伴。"長老同意他的話后與七人從塔山寺升空,降落在阿努拉德普勒東方的彌沙卡山。現在也稱此為塔山。那時銅色洲是節日。王命令大臣們說"舉行慶典"后被四萬人圍繞從城出發去彌沙卡山想玩打獵。然後住在那山的一位天神想"我要讓王見長老們"而以紅鹿形色在不遠處如食草葉般行走。王想"現在射不謹慎的是不適當的"而彈弓弦。鹿取菴婆塔拉路開始逃跑。王追趕它也登上菴婆塔拉。鹿在長老們不遠處消失。馬醯陀長老決意"讓王只見我,不見其他人"后說:"帝須帝須,來這裡。"王聽后想:"在這銅色洲出生的人中沒有能以帝須名稱呼我的。但這穿破碎衣、剃髮穿袈裟者以名稱呼我,他會是人還是非人?"長老說: 28 我們是沙門,大王法王弟; 爲了憐憫你,從閻浮提來。 王隨法王阿育所送資訊而憶念"尊者們來了嗎?"立即放下武器坐在一邊作互相歡喜之語,作應憶念之語。那時那四萬人也來圍繞他。然後長老也讓見其他人。王見后問"他們什麼時候來的?""大王,與我一起。""現在閻浮提還有其他這樣的沙門嗎?""大王,現在閻浮提被袈裟照耀,為仙人風所吹。在那裡: 29 三明具神通,善知他心者; 漏盡阿羅漢,佛弟子眾多。" 王聽後生信。然後長老以樹譬等知他的智慧銳利后說法,使人天作善哉讚歎。如說:

30.

Paṇḍitoti viditvāna, cullahatthipadopamaṃ;

Suttantaṃ desayī thero, mahīpassa mahāmati [mahīmatī itipikatthaci].

Desanāpariyosāne so saddhiṃ tehi narehi cattāḷīsasahassehi saraṇesu patiṭṭhahīti. Athassa rājā sve bhante mama gehe bhikkhaṃ gaṇhāthāti yācitvā gantvā nagarañca rājagehañca alaṅkaritvā there nisīdāpetvā paṇītenāhārena parivisitvā anuḷādevippamukhāhi pañcasataitthīhi saddhiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Atha thero dhammaratana vassaṃ vassāpesi. Tato tā pañcasataitthiyo sotāpattiphalaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tato hatthisālāyaṃ sahassaṃ, nandanavane sahassaṃti evaṃ dutiyadivase aḍḍhateyyāni pāṇasahassāni sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāpesi. Tatiyadivase aḍḍhanavappamāṇaṃ pāṇasahassaṃti evaṃ anekasatānaṃ anekasahassānaṃ anekasata sahassānaṃ dhammā mataṃ pāyesi. Vuttañhi.

31.

Mahāmahindasuriyo, laṅkāvehāsamajjhago;

Bodhaneyyambuje kāsi, vikāsaṃ dhammaraṃsinā.

32.

Mahāmahindacando so, laṅkāvehāsamajjhago;

Bodhesi dhammaraṃsīhi, veneyyakumudākare.

33.

Mahāmahindamegho so, vassaṃ dhammambuvuṭṭhiyā;

Sādhūnaṃ cittabījesu, janesi kusalaṅkureti.

Atha rājā sumanasāmaṇerena dhammāsokassa hatthato sammāsambuddhaparibhuttapattapūradhātuyo ca sakkassa santikā dakkhiṇakkhakadhātuṃca āharāpetvā [āhāritvā-itisabbattha] cetiyapabbate thūpaṃ ādiṃkatvā sakalalaṅkādīpe yojane yojane thūpāni kāretvā dakkhiṇakadhātuṃ nidahitvā thūpārāmathūpañca patiṭṭhāpesi. Atha saṅghamittāya theriyā ānītaṃ jayamahābodhino dakkhiṇamahāsākhaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā pūjaṃ kāresi. Sabbo panettha kathāvittharo mahāvaṃsato veditabbo.

34.

Pāravādikadosena, jātevaṃ parasāgare;

Pattānumodanā evaṃ, laṅkāyaṃ āsi issaro.

35.

Pāpampi evaṃ phalatīti mantvā,

Ñatvāna puññassa phalaṃ idanti;

Bho yoniso kubbatha puññakamme,

Gantvāna ye yattha na socayantīti.

Tebhātikamadhuvāṇijakānaṃ vatthuṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 30 知其為智者,說小象足跡; 長老為地主,說示此經典。 在說法結束時他與那四萬人住立於歸依。然後王請長老們說:"尊者們,明天請在我家受食"後去裝飾城市和王宮,讓長老們坐下後以殊勝食物服侍,與阿努拉天女為首的五百女人一起坐在一邊。然後長老降下法寶雨。之後那五百女人證得預流果。然後在象舍一千,在南園一千,如是第二天使兩千五百眾生住立於預流果。第三天八千五百眾生,如是使數百數千數百千眾生飲法甘露。如說: 31 大摩醯陀日,行於蘭卡空; 以法光令開,應化蓮花蕾。 32 大摩醯陀月,行於蘭卡空; 以法光令開,應化睡蓮池。 33 大摩醯陀云,法水雨降時; 善人心種中,生長善芽苗。 然後王讓善意沙彌從法王阿育手中帶來正等正覺者用過的缽盛滿的舍利,從帝釋處帶來右鎖骨舍利,以塔山塔為首在整個蘭卡島每由旬建塔,安置右骨舍利,也建立塔園塔。然後安立由僧伽蜜多長老尼帶來的勝大菩提樹右大枝後作供養。這裡的一切詳細故事應從大史了知。 34 以邪見過故,生於彼大海; 如是隨喜后,于蘭卡得主。 35 思惟惡如是結果, 知此為功德果報; 諸位善造功德業, 往生何處無憂愁。 三兄弟蜜商的故事第八。

  1. Bodhirājadhītuyā [bodhirājadhītāya itisabbattha] vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Bhagavati parinibbute laṅkāyaṃ sāsane suppatiṭṭhite tattha hakureḷīti eko gāmo ahosi, tatthekā dārikā gāmādārikāhi saddhiṃ tattha tattha kīḷantī viharati, tadā gāmasamīpe mahāsobbhaṃ hoti. Tattheko maruttharukkho sabbadā pāḷiphullova tiṭṭhati. Manussā buddhapūjanatthaṃ pupphāni viciṇantā udakaṃ ogahetvā rukkhamabhiruyha pupphāni ociṇanti, kumārikā te disvā manussā sukhena gantvā pupphāni ociṇantūti ekaṃ sukkhapālibhaddadaṇḍakaṃ āharitvā setuṃ katvā ṭhapesi, tato paṭṭhāya manussā tenagantvā pupphāni ociṇanti. Atha sā tato cutā teneva kusalakammena jambudīpe pāṭaliputtanagare somadattarañño dhītā hutvā nibbatti, uttamarūpadharā devaccharapaṭibhāgā ahosi. Mātāpitaro panassā bodhirājakumārikāti vohariṃsu. Pubbe katasetuānubhāvena tassā suvīrako nāmeko ākāsagāmī sindhavapotako nibbatti. Rājadhītuyā pana pitā buddhamāmako dhammamāmako saṅghamāmako hutvā mahantaṃ puññaṃ pasavanto sindhavapotakaṃ disvā puññakaraṇassa me sahāyo laddhoti tuṭṭhamānaso assaṃ abhiruhitvā divasassa tikkhattuṃ gantvā mahābodhiṃ vandati. Rājadhītā naṃ disvā pitusantikaṃ gantvā abhiṇhaṃ tāta kuhiṃ gacchasīti pucchi. Rājā na kiñci kathesi, atha sā punappunaṃ pitaraṃ nibandhantī pucchi. Tato rājā tassāvi karonto evamāha.

1.

Amhākaṃ bhagavā pubbe, pūrento dasapāramī;

Adāsi sīsarattakkhi, maṃsaṃ jīvitameva ca.

2.

Puttadāre ca rajje ca, patvā [datvā itipikatthaci] pāramimatthakaṃ;

Anappakappakoṭīnaṃ, khepetvā kapilavuye.

3.

Sakkarājakule jāto, loke appaṭipuggalo;

Sampattacakkavattittaṃ, pahantvāna narādhipo.

4.

Disvā nimitte caturo, nikkhamma abhinikkhamaṃ;

Bodhimūlamupāgamma, nisinno vajirāsane.

5.

Sahassabāhuṃ māpetvā, nānāyudhasamākulaṃ [nānāvudhasamākulaṃ-itisabbattha];

Mahābhītikaraṃ vesaṃ, kāḷapabbatasādisaṃ.

6.

Māpetvāna samāruyha, girimekhalavāraṇaṃ;

Mārasenaṃ samānetvā, āgataṃ makaraddhajaṃ.

7.

Pāramitābalena taṃ, mārasenaṃ palāpiya;

Yatthāsīno kilesāri, sahassaṃ ghātayī jino.

8.

Nayanaṃ sujalasekehi, sattāhaṃ jinasevitaṃ;

Pūjitaṃ devabrahmehi, siddhoraganarādihi;

Vandituṃ jayabodhiṃtaṃ, gacchāmi satataṃ ahaṃ.

9.

Upāsati sadā gantvā, yo naro bodhipādapaṃ;

Gandhodadīpadhūpādi, nānāpūjāhi sādhukaṃ.

10.

Sa naro nirāmayo hoti, paccatte ca parattha ca;

Pūjito mānito hoti, dīghāyu balavā sukhī.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 菩提王女的故事中的次第之語 世尊般涅槃后佛教在蘭卡善住立時,在那裡有一個名為庫勒里的村莊。那裡一個女孩與村中女孩們在各處玩耍而住。那時在村莊附近有大深坑。那裡有一棵馬魯塔樹常常開滿花。人們為供養佛陀採花時下水爬樹採花。女孩看見后想"讓人們容易去採花"而拿來一根乾的花櫚木棒作橋放置。從那時起人們由此去採花。然後她死後以那善業在閻浮提波吒厘子城(現今印度巴特那)出生為蘇摩達塔王之女,具最上美貌如天女般。父母稱她為菩提王女。因先前造橋的威力,有一匹名為善勇的能空行的信度馬駒為她而生。王女的父親是佛陀信徒、法信徒、僧伽信徒,積集大功德,見到信度馬駒后歡喜想"我得到行善的助伴"而騎馬每天三次去禮拜大菩提樹。王女看見後去父親處常問:"父親,你去哪裡?"王什麼也不說。然後她一再堅持問父親。之後王為她解釋如是說: 1 我們的世尊前,圓滿十波羅; 紅眼者施捨,身肉與生命。 2 子女及王位,達到波羅蜜; 無量億劫久,迦毗羅衛城。 3 生釋迦王族,世間無與等; 具轉輪王德,人主能捨離。 4 見四種征相,出家大出離; 來到菩提樹,坐金剛座上。 5 化現千臂手,種種武器滿; 作大可怖相,如黑色山峰。 6 化現后升上,環山大象王; 帶來魔羅軍,來者魔羅旗。 7 以波羅蜜力,驅散魔羅軍; 坐處滅煩惱,勝者殺千敵。 8 七日以清泉,勝者所使用; 天梵與神龍,人等所供養; 我常去禮拜,勝利菩提樹。 9 常去近親近,彼菩提樹人; 香花燈薰香,種種善供養。 10 此人無病痛,今生及來世; 受敬與尊重,長壽力安樂。

11.

Tadatthaṃ patthayantena, atthakāmena jantunā;

Upāsanīyaṃ saddhāya, niccaṃ taṃ bodhipādapaṃti.

Taṃ sutvā kumārikā pītiyā phuṭasarīrā pitaraṃ vanditvā ahampi tāta gacchāmīti āha. Rājā panassā upaddavabhayena gamanaṃ na icchi. Tato sā yāvatatiyaṃ pitaraṃ yācitvā raññā anuññātā. Tato paṭṭhāya pitarā saddhiṃ sindhavamāruyha bodhiṃ vandituṃ satataṃ gacchati. Athāparabhāge rājā maraṇamañce nipanno cintesi. Dhītā me nirantaraṃ bodhiupaṭṭhānaṃgacchati, etissā anāgate yaṃkiñci bhayaṃ uppajjamānaṃ tato uppajjati. Tattha me kiṃ kātabbanti. Tato sindhavaṃ pakkosāpetvā tassa kaṇṇamūle mantento evamāha, tāta mama dhītā abhiṇhaṃ tava sahāyaṃ katvā bodhiṃ vandituṃ gacchati. Tatthassā yaṃkiñci bhayaṃ bhaveyya. Taṃ nappatirūpaṃ. Tattha gamanāgamane mama dhītaraṃ rakkheyyāsīti tassa dhītaraṃ paṭipādetvā kālamakāsi. Tato rājadhītā pitusarīrakiccaṃ kāretvā divasassa tikkhattuṃ assamabhiruyha bodhiupaṭṭhānaṃ gacchati. Manussā panassā rūpasampattiṃ disvā vimhitamānasā rājārahaṃ vata no idaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ diṭṭhaṃ. Gantvā rañño ācikkhissāma. Appeva nāma rājā so kiñci no dadeyyāti cintetvā rañño santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā ṭhitā evamāhaṃsu.

12.

Bodhimaṇḍaṃ samāgamma, abhiṇhaṃ tuṭṭhamānasā;

Vandantī yāti kaññekā, vijjūva siriyā jalaṃ.

13.

Nīladhampillabhārā sā, visālāyatalocanā;

Soṇṇadolābhasavaṇā, sāmā subhapayodharā.

14.

Sataraṃsīhi sammissa, sañcyāmbudasamādharā;

Tuṅganāsā nīlabhamu, hāsabhāsā manoramā.

15.

Īdisaṃ no mahārājā [mahārājadiṭṭhapubba itipikatthaci], diṭṭhapubbaṃ kudācanaṃ;

Ehi tassā siriṃdeva, bodhimaṇḍamhi dakkhasīti.

Taṃ sutvā rājā savaṇasaṃsaggeneva tāya paṭibaddhacitto caturaṅginiṃsenaṃ gahetvā rājadhītaraṃ bodhivandanatthāya āgatakāle bahipākāre senaṃ parikkhipāpetvā gaṇhathetanti manusse niyojesi. Tato senāpi taṃ gahaṇasajjā aṭṭhāsi. Rājadhītā te disvā sīghaṃ sindhavaṃ upasaṅkamitvā tassa piṭṭhiyaṃ nisinnā paṇhiyā saññaṃ adāsi. So taṃ gahetvā vegena ākāsaṃ pakkhandi. Sā pana dunnisinnabhāvena assassa vegaṃ sandhāretumasakkontī assapiṭṭhito parigali. Sindhavo rājadhītaraṃ patamānaṃ disvā rājovādaṃ saramāno vegenāgantvā tassā kese ḍaṃsitvā ukkhipitvā patamānāya tassā piṭṭhiṃdatvā nisīdāpetvā ākāsena taṃ netvā pāṭaliputtanagareyeva patiṭṭhāpesi [pātaliputtanagareyevataṃ paviṭhāpesiitipikatthaci].

16.

Tiracchānagatāpevaṃ, sarantā upakārakaṃ;

Na jahantīti mantvāna, kataññū hontu [hontipāṇino-itipikatthaci] pāṇinoti.

Tato paṭṭhāya sā puññakammaṃ katvā saggaparāyanā ahosīti.

17.

Yo yaṃ dumindaṃyatinandanena;

Sampūjitaṃ pūjayate sa pañño;

Sa bhogavā hoti anītiko ca,

Sabbattha so hoti pasattharūpo.

Bodhirājadhītuyā vatthuṃ navamaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 11 為此目的求,利益眾生者; 應以信親近,常近菩提樹。 聽此後女孩全身充滿喜悅,禮拜父親說:"父親,我也要去。"但王因擔心危險不願她去。然後她三次請求父親后得到王的允許。從那時起她常與父親一起騎信度馬去禮拜菩提樹。然後後來王臥于臨終床想:"我女兒不斷去親近菩提樹,她將來若有任何危險會從那裡生起。我該怎麼辦?"然後召馬近前在它耳邊商議說:"孩子,我女兒常以你為伴去禮拜菩提樹。若她在那裡有任何危險是不適當的。在那裡往返時保護我的女兒。"把女兒託付給它後去世。然後王女辦完父親的身後事后每天三次騎馬去親近菩提樹。人們見她容貌莊嚴後心生驚歎想:"我們見到適合王的禮物。去告訴王。或許王會給我們什麼。"去到王前禮拜站立如是說: 12 來到菩提壇,常常喜悅心; 禮拜去少女,光耀如閃電。 13 青發髻重壓,眼目廣且長; 耳如黃金盞,深褐乳峰美。 14 百光混合中,如同烏雲色; 高鼻青眉目,笑語令心悅。 15 如是大王我,從未曾見過; 請來天王見,菩提壇之美。 聽此後王僅聞聲即心被她繫縛,帶四兵種軍隊在王女來禮拜菩提樹時讓軍隊在外墻包圍命令人們說:"抓住她。"然後軍隊也站立準備抓捕。王女看見他們后迅速走近信度馬坐在它背上以腳跟作記號。它帶著她快速升入空中。但她因坐姿不當無法承受馬的速度從馬背滑落。信度馬見王女墜落時憶起王的教誨,快速來咬住她的頭髮提起,給予墜落的她脊背讓坐下,經空中帶她安置在波吒厘子城。 16 如是畜生亦,憶念施恩者; 思惟不捨離,愿眾生知恩。 從那時起她作功德業成為趣向天界者。 17 此樹王由仙歡喜; 供養者為智慧人; 彼有財無諸災難, 一切處有美名聲。 菩提王女的故事第九。;

  1. Kuṇḍaliyā vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā

Laṅkādīpe rohaṇajapade mahāgāmo nāma ahosi, tattha tissavihāraṃ nāma anekasatabhikkhūhi samākiṇṇaṃ anekapariveṇapatimaṇḍitaṃ vihāraṃ ahosi. Tattheko tisso nāma sāmaṇero paṭivasati. So ekasmiṃsamaye janapadacārikaṃ caranto pāsāṇavāpigāme bhikkhaṃ caritvā yāpanamattaṃ bhattaṃ sappinā saddhiṃ labhitvā nikkhamma gāmadvāraṃ patvā mahāgāmābhimukho gacchanto manusse udakaphāsukaṭṭhānaṃ pucchi. Tehi bhante tumhākaṃ abhimukhe avidūraṭṭhāne kakubandakandaraṃ nāma sandamānasītalodakaṃ dhavalavālukātalaṃ tattha tumhe gantvā nahātvā sītalacchāyāya vālukātale nisinno bhattakiccaṃ katvā gacchathāti vutte sāmaṇero sādhūti vatvā tattha gantvā phāsukaṭṭhāne nisinno bhattaṃ bhuñjitumārabhi. Tadā ekena vanakammikena saddhiṃaraññaṃ gatā ekā sunakhī tasmiṃ kandare ekasmiṃ pabbhāraṭṭhāne dārake vijāyitvā chātajjhattā pavedhamānagattā dārakānaṃ samīpenipannā sāmaṇerassa patte āhāragandhaṃ ghāyitvā nipannaṭṭhānato vuṭṭhāya pavedhamānā tassa samīpaṃ āgamma naṅguṭṭhaṃ cālentī aṭṭhāsi, sāmaṇero taṃ disvā kampitamānaso attano bhojanatthāya vaṭṭitaṃ pathamālopaṃ tassā purato ṭhapesi, tato sā somanassā taṃ bhuñji. Taṃ disvā tuṭṭho punappunaṃ ālopaṃ karonto tassā bhattaṃ datvā pattaṃ dhovitvā thavikāya pakkhipitvā agamāsi. Tato sā sunakhī sāmaṇeragatena pasādena tato cutā jambudīpe devaputtanagare rājānaṃ paṭicca tassa mahesiyā kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhitvā dasamāsaccayena mātukucchito nikkhami, athassā sikhāmaṅgaladivase sampatte mātāpitaro panassā kuṇḍalāvaṭṭakesattā kuṇḍalāti nāma makaṃsu. Sā anukkamena soḷasavassuddesikā ahosi, tasmiṃ kira samaye tisso sāmaṇero mahābodhiṃ vandissāmīti nāvaṃ abhiruyha jambudīpaṃ gantvā anupubbena devaputtanagaraṃ patvā sunivattho supāruto yugamattadaso bhikkhāya caranto mahāvīthiṃ sampāpuṇi. Rājadhītā sīhapañjaraṃ ugghāṭetvā antaravīthiṃ olokentī bhikkhantaṃ sāmaṇeraṃ disvā pubbasinehaṃ paṭilabhi, tasmiṃkhaṇe tassā jātissarañāṇaṃ ahosi. Sā kira pubbe bhikkhuṇī hutvā paṇṇasūciyā saddhiṃ potthakañca padīpiyatelañca datvā jātissarā bhaveyyaṃti patthanaṃ ṭhapesi, tato sājātiṃ anussarantī sāmaṇerena attano katūpakāraṃ ditvā somanassā naṃ pakkosāpetvā rājagehe āsanaṃ paññāpetvā tattha nisinnaṃ nānaggarasa bhojanena parivisitvā onītapattapāṇiṃ sāmaṇeraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisinnā tena saddhiṃ sallapantī evamāha.

1.

Na sañjānāsi maṃ dhīra, pubbehaṃ tava dāsikā;

Tenāhaṃ sukhitā āsiṃ, tasmā tvamasi issaroti.

Taṃ sutvā sāmaṇero āha.

2.

Natthi me tādisī dāsī, na sañjānāmi taṃ ahaṃ;

Kāsi tvaṃ kassa vā dhītā, taṃ me akkhāhi pucchitāti.

Tato sā taṃ sārāpentī āha.

3.

Sārāpemi tuvaṃ ajja, yathā jānāsimaṃ ise;

Bujjhassu bodhito dāni, mayā jātiṃsarantiyā.

4.

Pāsāṇavāpigāmamhi, tambapaṇṇimhi rohaṇe;

Bhikkhitvāna tuvaṃ bhante, yadā kakubandakandare.

5.

Nisīditvāna tvaṃ bhattaṃ, bhuttakālaṃ sarissasi;

Tadāhaṃ sunakhī āsiṃ, vijātā laddhagocarā.

6.

Dārake khādituṃ mayha, māsannā khudapīḷitā;

Pavedhamānasabbaṅgā, aṭṭhāsiṃ tava santike.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 昆達利耶的故事中的次第之語 在蘭卡島羅哈納地區有一個名為大村的地方,那裡有一座名為帝沙寺的寺院,有數百比丘住在那裡,裝飾有許多精舍。那裡住著一個名為帝沙的沙彌。他有一次在鄉間遊行時在石池村行乞,得到足夠的飯食和酥油后離開到達村門,朝大村方向走時問人們有水方便之處。他們說:"尊者,在你前面不遠處有名為卡庫班達峽谷的地方,有流動的冷水和白色沙地,你去那裡洗浴後坐在涼爽的沙地上用餐后再走。"沙彌說"善哉"後去到那裡在舒適處坐下開始用餐。那時有一隻母狗與一個樵夫去森林,在那峽谷一個巖洞處生下幼仔,飢餓身體顫抖躺在幼仔旁邊,聞到沙彌缽中食物香氣后從躺處起來顫抖地來到他身邊搖尾站立。沙彌見她後心生憐憫把為自己食用而搓好的第一團食物放在她面前,然後她歡喜地吃了。見此後他歡喜一再做食團給她食物后洗缽放入缽袋離開。然後那母狗以對沙彌的信樂從那裡死後在閻浮提天子城託生為王的大后懷中,十月后從母腹出生,然後在她的髮髻吉祥日時父母因她頭髮捲曲而給她取名昆達拉。她漸漸長到十六歲。據說那時帝沙沙彌想"我要禮拜大菩提樹"而乘船去閻浮提,次第到達天子城,衣著整齊正當觀望著行乞到達大街。王女打開宮窗往下看街道見乞食的沙彌時得到宿世之愛,那刻她有了宿命智。據說她前世作比丘尼時施針與書本和燈油后發願"愿我有宿命智",然後她憶念宿世見沙彌對自己所作的恩惠后歡喜讓人請他來,在王宮設座后在那裡坐下時以各種殊勝味食服侍,食畢放缽後走近沙彌禮拜坐在一邊與他交談如是說: 1 賢者不識我,前世我婢女; 因此我安樂,所以你為主。 聽此後沙彌說: 2 沒有這樣婢,我不認識你; 你是誰誰女,請對我解說。 然後她使他憶念說: 3 今使你憶念,如何知我仙; 今從覺悟起,我憶念宿世。 4 在石池村裡,蘭卡羅哈納; 尊者你乞食,卡庫班達谷。 5 你坐下用餐,可憶那時刻; 那時我母狗,生子得食物。 6 飢餓所逼迫,不近食幼子; 全身皆戰慄,站在你身邊。

7.

Disvā taṃ maṃ tadā bhante, vedhamānaṃ bubhukkhitaṃ;

Chinnabhatto tuvaṃ hutvā, mamaṃ bhattena tosayī.

8.

Tadāhaṃ muducittena, cittaṃ tayi pasādayiṃ;

Tenāhaṃ puññakammena, dutiye attasambhave.

9.

Idha rājakule jātā, sabbakāmasamiddhinī;

Cittappasādamattena, lokanāthassa sāsane.

10.

Tadahupabbajitassāpi, īdisā honti sampadā;

Kīdisaṃ hoti sambuddhe, pasādena phalaṃ aho.

11.

Aññāni pana kiccāni, pahāyāttahite rato;

Atandito divārattiṃ, sarātu ratanattayaṃti.

Evaṃ sāmaṇerena katūpakāraṃ sārāpetvā bhante tava dāsiyā anuggahaṃ paṭicca idheva vasathāti nimantitvā tena sampaṭicchite mahantaṃ vihāraṃ kārāpetvā sāmaṇeraṃ ādiṃ katvā anekabhikkhusate nimantetvā vihāre vasāpetvā sulabhaṃ katvā catupaccayehi upaṭṭhāsi. Sāmaṇeropi sunakhiyā dinnadānaṃ anussaritvā tuṭṭho buddhānussatiṃ manasikaronto na cirenava arahattaṃ patvā tasmiṃyeva vihāre vasanto āyupariyosāne tattheva parinibbāyīti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 7 那時見我尊,戰慄又飢餓; 你舍斷己食,以食令我喜。 8 那時以柔心,於你生凈信; 以此功德業,第二生自身。 9 此生於王家,具足諸欲樂; 僅以心凈信,世尊之教中。 10 今日出家者,也得如是果; 對正等正覺,信樂果如何。 11 其他諸事務,舍離樂自利; 晝夜不懈怠,憶念三寶尊。 如是使沙彌憶念對她所作的恩惠后說:"尊者,因你的婢女的恩惠請住在這裡"而邀請,在他同意后建大寺院,以沙彌為首邀請數百比丘住在寺院,使四資具易得而供養。沙彌也憶念對母狗所施之施而歡喜,作意佛隨念不久證得阿羅漢果,住在那寺院直到壽命終盡在那裡般涅槃。

12.

Tiyaddhesu tilokasmiṃ, natthi vatthuttayaṃ vinā;

Sattāna mañña micchattha, dāyakaṃ surapādapaṃ.

Kuṇḍaliyā vatthuṃ dasamaṃ.

Mahāsenavaggo catuttho.

Ettāvatā jambudīpuppattikathā samattā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 12 三界三世中,離三寶之外; 眾生無他物,能如天樹施。 昆達利耶的故事第十。 大軍品第四。 至此閻浮提生起故事完結。

B040802Sīmavisodhanīpāṭha(界凈化文) c3.5s

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.

Sīmavisodhanī

Varadaṃ varadaṃ aggaṃ, diccaṃ diccaṃva vanajaṃ;

Bodhakaṃ bodhakaṃ pāṇaṃ, deva』devaṃ namāma』haṃ.

Santaṃ santaṃ sadā vaṭṭaṃ, pajaṃ』bhave sutaṃ;

Nibbudaṃ nibbudaṃ tāraṃ, dhammavaraṃ namāma』haṃ.

Sutaṃ sutaṃ bhavane yaṃ, natanaṃ natanā』rahaṃ;

Narā』narā sadā』kaṃsu, saṅghavaraṃ namāma』haṃ.

Icceva』maccantanatassaneyyaṃ, natayyamāno ratanattayaṃ yaṃ;

Puññābhivaḍḍhiṃ mahagghaṃ alatthaṃ, tassānubhāvena hatantarāyo.

Vinaye sati ṭhite yaṃ, sāsanaṃ saṇṭhitaṃ bhave;

Vinaye sati naṭṭhe yaṃ, vinaṭṭhaṃ sāsanaṃ bhave.

Tasmā dittaṃ mame』dāni, jotayitvāna sāsane;

Bhinditvā dveḷhakaṃ vādaṃ, ekībhāvaṃ karoma』haṃ.

Attukkaṃsana-bhāvañca, paravambhanakampica;

Tesu cittaṃ apesetvā, sāsanassa suvuḍḍhiyā.

Yadi me īdisaṃ cittaṃ, bhaveyyuṃ pāpasaṅkappā;

Paccissaṃ niraye bhayaṃ, hīna』jjhāsayakāraṇā.

Sāsanassa sulabhaṃ』va patthayanto satā』cāro;

Saṃsandissamahaṃ dāni, ciraṃ saddhamma』suddhiyā.

Sudullabhaṃ labhitvāna, pabbajjaṃ jinasāsane;

Sambuddhassa varaṃ vādaṃ, katvā dveḷhaka』mekikaṃ.

Sīmavisodhaniṃ nāma, nānāganthasamāhaṭaṃ;

Karissaṃ me nisāmentu, sādhavo kavipuṅgavā.

Pāḷiṃ aṭṭhakathañceva, mātikaṃ padabhājaniṃ;

Ogāhetvāna taṃ sabbaṃ, punappunaṃ asesato.

Attanomatiganthesu, ṭīkāgaṇṭhipadesuca;

Vinicchayavimatīsu, mātikā』ṭṭhakathāsupi.

Sabbaṃ asesakaṃ katvā, saṃsanditvāna ekato;

Pavattā vaṇṇanā esā, tosayantī vicakkhaṇeti.

Buddhuppādo hi dullabho, tato pabbajjā ca upasampadā ca, vuttañhetaṃ

Buddho ca dullabho loke, saddhammasavanampi ca;

Saṅgho ca dullabho loke, sappūrisā』tidullabhā.

Dullabhañca manussattaṃ, buddhuppādo ca dullabho;

Dullabhā khaṇasampatti, saddhammo paramadullabho』ti.

我來為您完整翻譯這段巴利文: 禮敬世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者。 界場清凈論 如同蓮花般永恒燦爛,我禮敬最勝施予者; 如同明燈般覺悟眾生,我禮敬天中之天尊。 永遠寂靜輪迴之苦惱,善聞眾生所居之處; 解脫煩惱度化眾生,我禮敬殊勝正法藏。 世間善聞值得敬禮,凡聖眾生常行禮敬; 我今恭敬頂禮僧伽,最勝聖眾三寶尊。 如是恭敬無上三寶,獲得廣大福德之力; 以此功德消除障礙,增長善業成就道果。 若戒律住世正法住,若戒律滅正法滅; 是故我今發大光明,照耀佛陀正法藏。 斷除二分對立言論,令諸見解歸於一致; 既不自讚亦不毀他,為使正法得以增長。 若我心中懷此意念,惡念邪思將會生起; 必墮地獄受諸苦報,皆因下劣意樂所致。 為求正法易於獲得,持守戒行勤修善業; 我今和合正法清凈,令其長久住世利生。 得遇難得佛教出家,隨順如來殊勝教法; 消除對立歸於一致,宣說正法利益群生。 我今撰述界場清凈,彙集諸多典籍要義; 愿諸智者善加聽聞,成就最勝詩人智慧。 深入研究巴利聖典,註疏義釋與諸論典; 法義分別與戒律藏,反覆思維無有遺漏。 自論著作與諸註釋,疑難解答與法義處; 攝頌註疏等諸典籍,悉皆融會而為一體。 如是闡釋無所遺漏,貫通融合成此論著; 愿此著作令諸智者,心生歡喜得大利益。 佛陀出世實為難得,出家受戒更為稀有,故經中說: 佛陀出世甚難得,聽聞正法亦難得; 僧伽難遇於世間,善知識更最難得。 人身難得最珍貴,佛陀出世最難逢; 時節因緣難具足,正法難聞最稀有。

  1. Upasampadākaṇḍo

Imasmiñhi ṭhāne ṭhatvā buddhaguṇapaṭisaṃyuttāya kathāya vuccamānāya sādhūnaṃ cittasampahaṃsanañceva, imasseva pakaraṇassa anummattavacanabhāvo ca bhaveyya, anummattavacanatte ca siddhe sotabbaṃ maññissanti, tasmā buddhaguṇaṃ vaṇṇayissāma. Amhākaṃ kira bhagavā brahmadevabuddhamādiṃ katvā yāva porāṇasakyagotamā manopaṇidhivasena, kaṭṭhavāhanajātakaṃādiṃkatvā yāva majjhimadīpaṅkarā vācaṅgavasena majjhimadīpaṅkarapādamūlato paṭṭhāya kāyavācaṅgavasena sabbaṃ sampiṇḍetvā yāva vessantarattabhāvā vīsati asaṅkhyeyyāni pāramiyo pūrentassa sabbaññutaññāṇatthāya yeva alaṅkataṃ sīsaṃ chinditvā dentassa sabbaññubodhisattassa sīsaṃ jambudīpavāsīnaṃ uddhanatopi bahutaraṃ, añjitanayanaṃ uppāṭetvā dentassa nayanaṃ ajaṭākāse gaganatale tārāgaṇatopi bahutaraṃ, hadayamaṃsaṃ vā dakkhiṇabāhuṃ vā chinditvā dentassa maṃsaṃ chanahuta aṭṭhasa hassādhikasatasahassapamāṇasinerurājatopi bahutaraṃ, lohitaṃ uppāṭetvā dentassa ruhiraṃ catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakatopi bahutaraṃ, maddīsadise ca bhariye jālīkaṇhājinasadise ca putte paresaṃ dāsatthāya dentassa gaṇanapathaṃ vītivattā. Evaṃ pāramiyo pūrentasseva.

Cintitaṃ sattasaṅkhyeyyaṃ, navasaṅkhyeyya』vācakaṃ;

Kāyavācā catukhyātaṃ, buddhattaṃ samupāgamīti.

Jātattakīsotattakiyā vuttanayena asūro hutvā buddhattaṃ cintentasseva sattaasaṅkhyeyyāni vītivattāni. Atisūro ahutvā vācāmattameva nava asaṅkhyeyyāni vītivattāni. Atisūro hutvā kāyaṅgavācaṅgavasena pūrentassa cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni vītivattāni. Imāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni dīpaṅkarapādamūlato paṭṭhāya veditabbāni. Satasahassakappamatthake pana ajjhattapāramī pūritāti veditabbā. Vessantarattabhāvena ca sattakamahādānaṃ datvā sattakkhattuṃ pathaviṃ kampetvā vaṅkapabbataṃ gantvā nayanasadise dve putte brāhmaṇassa dāsatthāya datvā dutiyadivase brāhmaṇavaṇṇena āgatassa sakkassa devarañño attasamaṃ maddiṃ nāma bhariyaṃ datvā tasmiṃ bhave aparimeyyāni puññāni katvā tato tusitapuraṃ gantvā tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā dasahi cakkavāḷasahassehi āgantvā devatāvisesehi.

Kālo deva mahāvīra, uppajja mātukucchiyaṃ;

Sadevakaṃ tārayanto, bujjhassu amataṃ padanti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 1. 具足戒品 立於此處,當論說與佛陀功德相應之語時,能令善人心生歡喜,並使此論著成為智慧之言。若成就智慧之言,則人們會認為值得聽聞,因此我們要讚歎佛陀功德。據說我們的世尊,從梵天佛開始直至古代釋迦族瞿曇,以意願力;從擔柴本生開始直至中分燃燈佛,以語言力;從中分燃燈佛足下開始,以身語力,總攝一切直至毗濕安達羅(韋山達羅)之身,在二十阿僧祇劫中圓滿諸波羅蜜。為求一切智智,割捨裝飾的頭顱佈施,菩薩所施頭顱比閻浮提(印度次大陸)居民用過的鍋灶還要多;挖出涂香的眼睛佈施,所施眼睛比無雲晴空中的群星還要多;割下心肉或右臂佈施,所施肉比六萬八千一十萬由旬高的須彌山王還要多;抽出血液佈施,所施血比四大海洋的水還要多;將如末底(摩訶帝)般的妻子、如耶利、甘哈吉那般的兒女佈施給他人為奴,其數量已超越計算之境。如是圓滿諸波羅蜜。 以意念七阿僧祇,以語言九阿僧祇; 身語力行四阿僧祇,最終證得佛陀果。 據本生經所說,不甚精進而僅以意念求證佛果者,經歷七阿僧祇劫;不甚精進而僅以語言力者,經歷九阿僧祇劫;極其精進而以身語二力圓滿者,經歷四阿僧祇劫。此四阿僧祇劫應從燃燈佛足下開始計算。於十萬劫之前,應知內在波羅蜜已圓滿。以毗濕安達羅之身,作七次大布施,七次震動大地,前往曲山,將如眼睛般的兩個兒女施與婆羅門為奴,次日以婆羅門相現身的帝釋天王,將如己身般的末底妻子佈施,于彼世造作無量功德,之後往生兜率天宮,于彼壽盡,受到萬個輪圍世界天眾勸請: 大雄時至今已到,請降誕于母胎中; 度脫含天世間眾,證悟無死甘露境。

Yāciyamāno kālaṃ dīpañca desañca kulaṃ mātaramevacāti imāni pañca mahāvilokanāni viloketvā tusitapurato cavitvā mahāsammatavaṃsajassa okkākarañño puttānaṃ kusalambhedabhayena bhaginīhiyeva saddhiṃ āvāhakaraṇaṃ sutvā sakyā vata bho rājakumārāti okkākamahārājena vuttavacanaṃ pavattanimittaṃ katvā sakyāti laddhanāmānaṃ rājūnamabbhantare pavattassa suddhodanamahārājassa jeṭṭhamahesiyā sirimahāmāyāya kucchimhi nibbattitvā dasamāsaccayena devadahanagarassa kapilavatthussa ca majjhe lumbinīvane mātukucchito nikkhamitvā jātakkhaṇeyeva uttarābhimukhaṃ sattapadavītihārena gantvā achambhivācaṃ nicchāretvā pitaraṃ vandāpetvā anukkamena soḷasavassuddesikakāle rajjasiriṃ anubhavitvā rāhulabhaddassa jātadivase nikkhamitvā chabbassāni dukkaracariyaṃ caritvā vesākhapuṇṇamadivase anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhitvā pañcacattālīsa vassāni devamanussānaṃ ratanadāmaṃ ganthento viya dhammaratanavassaṃ vassāpetvā yāva subhaddaparibbājakavinayanā katabuddhakicce kusinārāyaupavaṭṭane mallānaṃ sālavane vesākhapuṇṇamadivase paccūsasamaye anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbute bhagavatilokanāthe subhaddena vuḍḍhapabbajitena 『『alaṃ āvuso mā socittha mā paridevittha, sumuttā mayaṃ tena mahāsamaṇena, upaddutā ca homa』idaṃ vo kappati idaṃ vo na kappatī』ti. Idāni pana mayaṃ yaṃ icchissāma taṃ karissāma, yaṃ na icchissāma na taṃ karissāmā』』ti vuttavacanaṃ sallakkhetvā gaṇapāmokkhānaṃ sattannaṃ bhikkhusatasahassānaṃ saṅghatthero āyasmā mahākassapo dhammasaṅgītiṃ katvā parisuddhe dhammavinaye tato aparabhāge vassasatassa accayena vesāliyā vajjiputtakā dasavatthūni dassetvā sāsanavipattiṃ karonte disvā āyasmatā yasattherena kākaṇḍakaputtena samussāhiyamāno dutiyasaṅgītiṃ katvā tato aparabhāge tathāgatassa parinibbānato dvinnaṃ vassasatānaṃ upari aṭṭhārasame vasse dhammāsokonāma rājā sakalajambudīpatale ekarajjābhisekaṃ pāpuṇitvā buddhasāsane mahantaṃ lābhasakkāraṃ pavattetvā parihīnalābhasakkārā titthiyā antamaso ghāsacchādanamattampi alabhantā lābhasakkāraṃ patthayamānā sāsane pabbajitvā sakāni sakāni diṭṭhigatāni dīpetvā sāsane mahantaṃ abbudañca malañca pavattesuṃ. Tadā dhammāsokarañño pattābhisekato sattarasame vasse saṭṭhisatasahassa bhikkhūsu sahassabhikkhuṃ gahetvā moggaliputtatisso nāma saṅghatthero mahāpavāraṇāya parappavādaṃ bhinditvā kathāvatthuppakaraṇaṃ desetvā tatiyadhammasaṅgītiṃ katvā parisuddhe dhammavinaye sāṭṭhakathebuddhavacane dharanteva pāḷiyaṭṭhakathāsu atthacchāyaṃ gahetvā attano mativasena nānāganthavisesāni karonti, tesu attanomativasena atthacchāyaṃ gahetvā kāraṇapatirūpakaṃ katvā vuttavacanaṃ sārato sallakkhetvā sutta-suttānulomaācariyavāde muñcitvā pāḷiyā aṭṭhakathaṃ, aṭṭhakathāya ca pāḷiṃ tabbivaraṇabhūtaṃ sāratthadīpaniñca aññāni ca ganthavisesāni asaṃsanditvā attanomatiyāpi pubbāparaṃ asamānetvā vādappakāsanamattameva ṭhapetvā garukalahukesu garukeyeva ṭhātabbepi garuke aṭṭhatvā keci bhikkhū nadiyā udakukkhepaṃ akatvā karonti. Evaṃ sāsane dvidhā bhinnā honti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 受到勸請后,觀察五大要事:時節、地區、國土、種姓、母親。觀察已畢,從兜率天降下。聽聞大三末多王統屬的烏迦迦王子們,因擔心善根破壞而只與姐妹結婚,大王烏迦迦說:"確實是釋迦王子啊",以此為名號緣起,在得名為釋迦的諸王之中,降生於凈飯大王的第一王妃摩訶摩耶夫人胎中。滿十月后,在提婆達訶城(現尼泊爾德瓦達哈)和迦毗羅衛城(現尼泊爾蒂洛拉科特)之間的藍毗尼園中,從母胎出生。一出生即面向北方行走七步,發出無畏之聲,使父親禮敬。 次第長大至十六歲時享受王位榮華,在羅睺羅出生之日出家,行六年苦行。于衛塞月滿月之日證得無上正等正覺,四十五年間為人天編織寶鬘般降下法雨,直至調伏須跋陀羅遊行者完成佛事。在拘尸那羅(現印度庫希那加爾)望婆羅雙樹林中,于衛塞月滿月之日破曉時分,世尊、世間依怙般涅槃于無餘依涅槃界。 年邁出家的須跋陀說:"諸友,不要憂愁悲嘆,我們已從這位大沙門解脫。他總是煩擾我們說'這個可以做,那個不可以做'。現在我們想做什麼就做什麼,不想做的就不做。"察覺此言后,七十萬比丘眾之上座大迦葉尊者舉行第一次結集,使法與律清凈。 其後一百年,毗舍離(現印度毗舍離)的跋耆子展示十事,破壞正法。耶舍迦干陀子尊者發起第二次結集。此後,如來般涅槃后二百一十八年,阿育王統一整個閻浮提(印度次大陸),使佛教獲得巨大供養。外道失去供養,連基本衣食都得不到,為求利養而出家,宣揚各自見解,在教法中引起重大混亂。 當時,在阿育王登基十七年,六十萬比丘中選出一千比丘,由上座目犍連子帝須在大自恣日破斥外道邪說,說示論事書,舉行第三次結集,使法與律清凈。正當帶著註釋的佛語流傳時,有些人依據經與註釋的意趣,隨己意造各種著作。其中有些比丘不考慮經典、經典隨順法和師說,不比對經文與註釋、註釋與經文及其解釋書《顯揚心義》等其他著作,也不依自己見解審察前後關係,僅作觀點陳述。對於重輕等事,當住于重者時卻不住重者,有些比丘不取河水而作羯磨。如是教法分裂為二。

Idañca bhindanaṃ kosambakakkhandhake bhinnatopi sataguṇena sahassaguṇena balavatarameva sāsanassa vipattikāraṇattā, tathā hi na idaṃ manussaloke bhikkhūnaṃyeva hoti, bhikkhūnaṃ, upāsakamanussānaṃ, ārakkhakadevatānampi, tāsaṃ sahāyakānaṃ bhummanissitadevatānampi tāsaṃ sahāyakānaṃ rukkhanissitadevatānampi tāsaṃsahāyakānaṃ ākāsaṭṭhakadevatānampi, tāsaṃ sahāyakānaṃ cātumahārājikadevatānampi, tāsaṃ sahāyakānaṃ tāvatiṃsadevatānampi, evaṃ mittaparamparavasena chakāmāvacaradevatānampi tāsaṃ mittānaṃ brahmapārisajjānampīti evaṃ yāvaakaniṭṭhabrahmalokā ariyapuggale ṭhapetvā sabbe puthujjanā devamanussā bhinnā honti, tesaṃ bhinnattā bahu ca pāpaṃ pasavati, tasmā pāḷiyā aṭṭhakathaṃ, aṭṭhakathāya ca pāḷiṃ saṃsanditvā tāni tāni ganthavisesāni ca ekato katvā gaṅgodake na yamunodakaṃ viya missitvā ekībhāvaṃ katvā sīmavisodhaniṃ nāma karissāmi, taṃ suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasikarotha dhammarājassa sāvakāti.

Tattha buddhuppādo dullabho ti buddhassa uppādakālo dullabho tathā hi anuppannakāle buddhe buddhoti saddampi asutvā vītivattānaṃ kappānaṃ gaṇanapathaṃ vītivattā. Buddhakāraṇassa dukkarattaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.

Tato pabbajā ca upasampadācā tiettha topaccayo lāmakatthe, pañcamyatthe vā. Buddhuppādo dullabho, tamanupabbajjā ca upasampadā ca dullabhāyevāti adhippāyo. Yathā ca loke kiñcideva mahagghaṃ alabhitabbaṃ labhitvā vā tena sahakārīkāraṇabhūtaṃ appagghampi mahagghaṃ mahagghaṃ dullabhaṃ dullabhanti vuccati, evameva atidullabhaṃ buddhuppādaṃ āgamma tamanupabbajitampi dullabhanti vuccati, yathā ca nidiyā uparimabhāge sattāhavaṭṭalikādibhāvena udakapūraṇe heṭṭhā kismiñci ṭhāne tarituṃ avisahantā idameva ṭhānaṃ dukkaranti vuccati, evameva buddhakāraṇassa dukkarabhāve na tamanupabbajjupasampadāpi dukkaraṃ dullabhanti vuccati. Aññathā buddhabhagavato pi pabbajjupasampadabhāvoyeva seṭṭho bhaveyya. Athavā kāraṇūpacāravasenāpi evaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ, yathā semhoguḷoti tathā hi guḷassa pi vanapaccayā semho ussanno, taṃ jano guḷenasemhoti vattabbepi kāraṇasmiṃ guḷe phalabhūtaṃ semhaṃ ropetvā semho guḷoti vuccati, evaṃ kāraṇassa dukkarattā dullabhe buddhuppāde tamanukriyā pabbajjāpi taṃ mūlakāraṇabhūte buddhuppāde ropetvā dullabhā pabbajjāti vuccati. Buddhuppādakālepi buddhadassanaṃ dullabhameva, anuppannakāle pana pageva, sabbakhaṇesu navamakhaṇattā ca tathā hi milakkhudesaarūpabhūmiasaññasattanirayapetatiracchānabhūmīsu jāyamānesu vā majjhimadese jāyamānopi micchādiṭṭhibhūtā vā, sammādiṭṭhikule jāyamānāpi cakkhusota vikalabhāvena aṅgavikalā vā buddhadassanaṃ na arahanti, dassanampi dassanamattameva. Supaṇṇanāgarājādīnaṃ tasmiṃ bhave maggaphalabhāgino na honti, honti cettha.

『『Paccantajo arūpino, vikalaṅgo asaññajo;

Micchādiṭṭhi tiracchāno, peto nerayikopica.

Ete aṭṭhakkhaṇā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;

Buddhuppādo khaṇo eko, navamoti pavuccatīti』』.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 此次分裂比拘睒彌犍度中的分裂更嚴重百倍千倍,因為這是導致教法敗壞的原因。此分裂不僅發生在人間比丘之間,也波及比丘尼、優婆塞、護法神祇,及其友伴地居天神、樹神、空居天神,以及其友伴四大天王天眾、忉利天眾,如是因友伴關係延及六慾界天眾及其友伴梵眾天,乃至色究竟天。除了聖者,所有凡夫天人都陷入分裂。因其分裂而造作諸多惡業。因此,我將對照經典與註釋,註釋與經典,彙集諸多論著,如恒河水與閻牟那河水融合爲一般,編撰名為《界場清凈論》。法王弟子們,請善加諦聽,用心思維。 其中"佛陀出世難得"是指佛陀出現於世的時節難得。因為在佛陀未出世時,經過無數劫都聽不到"佛陀"之名。佛陀因緣之難成就已如前述。 "出家與具足戒更難得"中的"更"字表示低劣義或第五格義。意即佛陀出世難得,隨後的出家與具足戒更難得。如世間得到某種珍貴難得之物,與之相關的次要條件雖不昂貴也說是珍貴難得;同樣,因極難得的佛陀出世,隨之而來的出家也說是難得。又如河流上游因七日暴雨等原因水滿,下游某處難以渡越時說"此處難渡";同樣,因佛陀因緣難成就,隨後的出家具足戒也說是難得。否則,連佛世尊的出家具足戒也會成為最上。或應視為因果關係的修辭,如"痰球",雖因糖球而痰增盛,人們本應說"因糖生痰",卻將果位的痰安置於因位的糖上,說"痰是糖"。同樣,因為因緣難得,佛陀出世難得,隨行的出家也依託于作為根本因緣的佛陀出世,說"出家難得"。 即使在佛陀出世時,見佛也極為難得,更不用說未出世時。因為在九種時節中是第九時節。即生於邊地、無色界、無想天、地獄、餓鬼、畜生道者,或生於中國(中印度)卻持邪見者,或生於正見家族卻眼耳殘缺、肢體不全者,都不能見佛。即使見到也只是見而已。金翅鳥、龍王等在當生不得證道果。對此有偈: 邊地生無色,殘缺與無想, 邪見與畜生,餓鬼地獄眾。 此八難時節,日親佛所說, 佛出世一時,稱為第九際。

Pabbajjā ticettha sāmaññena vuttepi sāmaṇerāva adhippetā, upasampadā cāti visuṃ vuttattā. Sāmaṇerā ca nāma buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmityādinā tikkhattuṃ vatvā ubhatosuddhivaseneva sāmaṇerabhūmiyaṃ tiṭṭhanti. Dasasīlāni pana tesaṃ sikkhāpadamattameva. Tāni pāḷivasena asakkonto atthavasena 『『idañca samādāya vattehī』』ti ācikkhitumpi vaṭṭatiyeva. Idha vattabbaṃ natthi. Upasampadā pana aṭṭhavidhā honti ehibhikkhūpasampadā, saraṇagamanūpasampadā, ovāda paṭiggahaṇūpasampadā, pañhābyākaraṇūpasampadā, aṭṭhagarudhammapaṭiggahaṇūpasampadā, dūtenūpasampadā, aṭṭhavācikūpasampadā, ñatticatutthūpasampadā cāti. Tattha bhagavā ehi bhikkhubhāvāya upanissayasampannaṃ puggalaṃ disvā rattapaṃsukūlantarato suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ dakkhiṇahatthaṃ nīharitvā brahmaghosaṃ nicchārento 『『ehi bhikkhu cara brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā』』ti vadati. Tassānantarameva gihiliṅgaṃ antaradhāyitvā.

Ticīvarañca patto ca, vāsi sūcica bandhanaṃ;

Parissāvanamaṭṭhete, yuttayogassa bhikkhunoti.

Evaṃ vuttehi aṭṭhahiparikkhārehi sarīre paṭimuttoyeva vassasatikatthero viya iriyāpathasampanno buddhācariyako buddhupajjhāyako sammāsambuddhaṃ vandamānova tiṭṭhati. Ayaṃ ehi bhikkhūpasampadā nāma. Bhagavā hi paṭhamabodhiyaṃ etasmiṃ kāle ehi bhikkhupasampadāya eva upasampādeti. Tāni pana pañcavaggiyādayo aṅgulimālattherapariyosānā.

Tīṇisataṃ sahassañca, cattālīsaṃ punāparo;

Eko ca thero sappañño; Sabbe te ehi bhikkhukāti.

Ete vinayapiṭake niddiṭṭhaehibhikkhū nāma vinayapiṭake aniddiṭṭhā pana tisataparivāraselabrāhmaṇādayo.

Sattavīsa sahassāni, tīṇiyeva satāni ca;

Ete hi sabbe saṅkhātā, sabbe te ehibhikkhukāti.

Taṃ sabbaṃ sampiṇḍetvā aṭṭhavīsasahassāni chasatāni ekacattālīsuttarāni ca honti. Paṭhamabodhica nāmesā vīsativassāni honti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 此處雖泛言"出家",但因"具足戒"另說,故特指沙彌。所謂沙彌,是指以"我歸依佛"等三說,依雙方清凈而住于沙彌地位。十戒對他們而言只是學處而已。若不能依巴利文,也可依義理說"請受持此戒而行"。此處無需多說。 具足戒有八種:善來比丘具足戒、歸依具足戒、接受教誡具足戒、解答問題具足戒、接受八重法具足戒、使者具足戒、八語具足戒、白四羯磨具足戒。其中,世尊見到具足善來比丘資質的人時,從紅色糞掃衣內伸出金色右手,發出梵音說:"善來比丘,來修梵行,為正確滅盡諸苦。"隨即在家相消失。 三衣與缽盂,剃刀針繫帶, 濾水器八物,相應比丘用。 如是具足八種資具披掛在身,如百歲上座般威儀具足,以佛為師以佛為依,恭敬禮拜正等正覺者而住立。這稱為善來比丘具足戒。世尊在初覺時期,以善來比丘具足戒授具足戒。從五比丘等直至指鬘尊者為止: 三百又四十,再加一千數, 一位智上座,皆是善來眾。 這些是律藏中列舉的善來比丘。未在律藏列舉的還有三百隨從的勢羅婆羅門等: 二萬又七千,加上三百數, 如是總計數,皆是善來眾。 將這一切總計,為二萬八千六百四十一人。初覺時期為二十年。

Bhagavā hi anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattetvā aṭṭhārasakoṭibrāhmaṇānaṃ amataṃ pāyetvā paṭhamavassaṃ vasi. Dutiyatatiyacatutthavassesu rājagahe veḷuvanavihāre vassaṃ vasi, bhagavā hi āsāḷhinakkhattapuṇṇamiyaṃ bārāṇasiyā isipatane migadāye paṭhamavassaṃ vasitvā phagguṇamāse phagguṇapuṇṇamiyaṃ rājagahaṃ patvā bimbisāraraññā kārite veḷuvana vihāre ekamāsamattaṃ vasitvā citramāse vīsatikhīṇāsavasahassaparivuto kapilavatthuṃ gantvā asītiyā ñātisahassānaṃ majjhe vippaṭipannānaṃ rājūnaṃ matthake paṃsurajaṃ okiritvā te vandāpetvā pokkharavassañca vassāpetvā tamāgamma asītiyā ñātisahassānaṃ vessantara jātakaṃ kathetvā rāhulamātaramāgamma candakinnarījātakañca kathetvā pitaraṃ anāgāmiphale patiṭṭhāpetvā rājagahameva āgantvā vāsaṃ kappesi, tena vuttaṃ dutiya tatiya catuttha vassesu rājagahe veḷuvanavihāre vassaṃ vasī』』ti . Pañcame pana vesāliyaṃ ekavāsaṃ vasi. Chaṭṭhe makuḷapabbate ekavāsaṃ vasi. Puṇṇo vā tattha. Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā sunāparantaraṭṭhe kira ekasmiṃ vāṇijakagāme dve bhātaro. Tesu kadāci jeṭṭho pañcasakaṭasatāni gahetvā janapadaṃ gantvā bhaṇḍaṃ āharati, kadāci kaniṭṭho. Imasmiṃ pana samaye kaniṭṭhaṃ ghare ṭhapetvā jeṭṭhabhātiko pañca sakaṭasatāni gahetvā janapadacārikaṃ caranto anupubbena sāvatthiṃ patvā jetavanassa avidūre pañcasakaṭasatāni ṭhapetvā bhuttapātarāso parijanaparivuto phāsukaṭṭhāne nisīdi. Tena ca samayena sāvatthivāsino bhuttapātarāsā uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhāya suṭṭhuttarāsaṅgā gandhapupphādihatthā yenabuddho, yenadhammo, yenasaṅgho, tanninnā tappoṇā tappabbharā hutvā dikkhiṇadvārena nikkhamitvā jetavanaṃ gacchanti. So te disvā 『『kahaṃ ime gacchantī』』ti ekaṃ manussaṃ pucchi. Kiṃ tvaṃ ayyo na jānāsi, loke buddhadhammasaṅgharatanāni nāma uppannāni, icceva mahājano satthusantike dhammakathaṃ sotuṃ gacchatīti. Tassa 『『buddho』』ti vacanaṃ chavicammādīni chinditvā aṭṭhimiñjaṃ āhacca aṭṭhāsi. Atha attano parijanaparivuto tāya parisāyasaddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā satthāmadhurassarena dhammaṃ desentassa parisa pariyante ṭhito dhammaṃ sutvā pabbajjāya cittaṃ uppādesi. Atha tathāgatena kālaṃ viditvā parisāya uyyojitāya satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā svātanāya nimantetvā dutiyadivase maṇḍapaṃ karetvā āsanāni paññāpetvā buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā bhattakiccāvasāne bhagavā anumodanaṃ katvā pakkami. Bhuttapātaraso uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhāya bhaṇḍāgārikaṃ pakkosāpetvā 『『ettakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ vissajjitaṃ ettakaṃ pana na vissajjita』』nti sabbaṃ ācikkhitvā 『『imaṃ sāpateyyaṃ mayhaṃ kaniṭṭhassa dehī』』ti sabbaṃ niyyotetvā satthu santike pabbajitvā kammaṭṭhāna parāyaṇo ahosi. Athassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikarontassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ na upaṭṭhāti, tato cintesi 『『ayaṃ janapado mayhaṃ asappāyo, yaṃnūnāhaṃ satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā sakaṭṭhānameva gaccheyya』』nti. Atha pubbaṇhasamaye piṇḍāya caritvā sāyanhasamaye paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā satthā sīhanādaṃ naditvā pakkami. Atha kho āyasmā puṇṇo sūnāparantaraṭṭhaṃ patvā sammatapabbataṃ nāma pavisitvā vāṇijakagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 世尊轉無上法輪后,使一億八千萬婆羅門飲甘露法,度過第一年。第二、三、四年在王舍城(現印度拉杰吉爾)的竹林精舍度雨安居。世尊于阿沙荼月滿月日在波羅奈城(現印度瓦拉納西)仙人墜處鹿野苑度第一年雨安居后,于帕古納月滿月到達王舍城,在頻毗娑羅王建造的竹林精舍住一個月。在支德拉月,與兩萬漏盡者隨從前往迦毗羅衛城(現尼泊爾蒂洛拉科特),在八萬親族中,對爭執的諸王頭上撒土塵,使他們禮敬,降下花雨。因此為八萬親族講說韋山達羅本生,為羅睺羅之母講說月光仙女本生,使父王安住不還果,然後返回王舍城安住。故說"第二、三、四年在王舍城竹林精舍度雨安居"。第五年在毗舍離(現印度毗舍離)度一次雨安居。第六年在摩俱羅山度一次雨安居。 富樓那也在那裡。這裡是其因緣故事:據說,在蘇那波蘭陀國的一個商人村莊有兩兄弟。其中有時長兄帶五百車到鄉間販貨,有時幼弟去。這時留幼弟在家,長兄帶五百車遊行鄉間,次第到達舍衛城,將五百車停在祇園精舍不遠處,用過早餐后與隨從在舒適處坐下。當時舍衛城居民用過早餐,受持布薩支,整齊披衣、手持香花等,傾向、趨向、倚靠于佛法僧,從南門出城去祇園。他見此問一人:"他們去哪裡?""尊者不知道嗎?世間已出現佛法僧三寶,大眾都去聽導師說法。"他聽到"佛陀"二字,如穿透皮肉直達骨髓。於是與隨從隨大眾到精舍,站在聽眾邊緣聽世尊以甜美聲音說法,生起出家之心。 世尊知時後遣散眾人,他前往禮敬世尊,邀請明日供養。次日搭建帳篷設定座位,供養以佛為首的僧團大食。飯食完畢,世尊作隨喜后離去。他用過早餐,受持布薩支,召喚庫官說明:"已用多少貨物,未用多少",交代一切后說:"將此財產給我弟弟",託付一切后在世尊處出家,專注業處。但在作意業處時業處不現起,他想:"此地對我不適,我應從世尊處取得業處回自己的地方。"於是早上托缽,下午出禪定后往見世尊,請教業處。世尊作獅子吼后離去。之後尊者富樓那到達蘇那波蘭陀國,進入善滿山,往商人村托缽。

Atha naṃ kaniṭṭhabhātā sagehaṃ netvā bhikkhaṃ datvā 『『bhante aññattha agantvā idheva vasathā』』ti paṭiññaṃ kāretvā vasāpesi. Tato samuddagirivihāraṃ nāma agamāsi. Tattha samuddavīciyo āgantvā ayakaṇṭapāsāṇesu paharitvā mahāsaddaṃ karonti. Thero kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikaronto na phāsuvihāro hotīti samuddaṃ nisaddaṃ katvā adhiṭṭhāsi. Tato mātulagiriṃ nāma āgamāsi. Tattha sakuṇasaṅgho ussanno rattiñca divā ca saddo eko baddho hoti. Thero 『『idaṃ ṭhānaṃ aphāsukanti tato makuḷakārāmavihāraṃ nāma gato. So vāṇijagāmassa nātidūro nāccāsanno gamanāgamanasampanno vivitto appasaddo. Thero 『『idaṃ ṭhānaṃ phāsuka』』nti tattha rattiṭṭhānadivāṭhāne caṅkamanādīni kāretvā vassaṃ upagacchati. Evaṃ catūsu ṭhānesu vihāsi. Athekadivasaṃ tasmiṃyeva antovasse pañca vāṇijakasatāni 『『parasamuddaṃ gacchāmā』』ti nāvāya bhaṇḍaṃ pakkhipiṃsu. Nāvārohanadivase therassa kaniṭṭhabhātā theraṃ bhojetvā therassa santike sikkhāpadāni gahetvā gacchanto 『『bhante mahāsamuddo nāma assaddheyyo cānekantarāyo ca, amhe āvajjeyyāthā』』ti vatvā nāvaṃ ārūyhi. Nāvā ūmijavena gacchamānā aññataraṃ dīpaṃ pāpuṇi. Manussā 『『pātarāsaṃ karissāmā』』ti dīpake otiṇṇā. Tasmiṃ dīpake aññaṃ kiñci natthi, candanavanameva ahosi. Atheko vā siyā rukkhaṃ ākoṭetvā lohitacandanabhāvaṃ ñatvā 『『bho mayaṃ lābhatthāya parasamuddaṃ gacchāma, ito ca uttari lābhā nāma natthi, caturaṅgula mattāpi ghaṭikā satasahassaṃ agghati, saṃhāretabbakayuttaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ hāretvā gacchāmā』』ti. Te tathā kariṃsu candanavane adhivatthā amanussā kujjhitvā imehi amhākaṃ candanavanaṃ nāsitaṃ, ghātessāma ne』』ti cintetvā na imesu ghāṭitesu sabbaṃ ekakuṇapaṃ bhavissati, samuddamajjhe nesaṃ nāvaṃ osīdessāmā』』ti āhaṃsu. Atha tesaṃ nāvaṃ ārūyha muhuttaṃ gatakāleyeva uppādikaṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā sayampi te amanussā bhayānakāni rūpāni dassayiṃsu. Bhītā manussā attano devatā namassanti. Therassa kaniṭṭho cūḷapuṇṇakuṭumbiko 『『mayhaṃ bhātā avassayo hotū』』ti therassa namassamāno aṭṭhāsi. Thero pi kira tasmiṃyeva khaṇe āvajjetvā tesaṃ byasanappattiṃ ñatvā vehāsaṃ uppatitvā abhimukho aṭṭhāsi. Amanussā theraṃ disvāva 『『ayyapuṇṇatthero ehī』』 ti pakkamiṃsu. Uppādikaṃ sannisīdi. Thero 『『mā bhāyathā』』ti tesaṃ assāsetvāva kahaṃ gantukāmatthā』』ti pucchi. 『『Bhante amhākaṃ sakaṭṭhānameva gacchāmā』』ti thero nāvaṃ phale akkamitvā 『『etesaṃ icchitaṭṭhānaṃ gacchatū』』ti adhiṭṭhāti. Vāṇijā sakaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā taṃ pavattiṃ puttadārassa ārocetvā 『『etha theraṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmā』』ti pañcasatāni attano attano pañcamātugāmasatehi saddhiṃ tīsu saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya upāsakattaṃ paṭivedesuṃ. Tato nāvāya bhaṇḍaṃ otāretvā therassa ekaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ katvā 『『ayaṃ bhante tumhākaṃ koṭṭhāso』』ti āhaṃsu. Thero 『『mayhaṃ visuṃ koṭṭhāsa kiccaṃ natthi』』. Satthā pana tumhehi diṭṭhapubbo』ti. Na diṭṭhapubbo bhante』ti, tenahi iminā satthu maṇḍalamāḷaṃ karotha. Evaṃ satthāraṃ passissathāti te sādhu bhante』ti tena ca koṭṭhāsena attano ca koṭṭhāsena maṇḍalamāḷaṃ kātuṃ ārabhiṃsu. Satthā kirassa āraddhakālato paṭṭhāya paribhogaṃ akāsi. Tatho manussā rattiṃ obhāsaṃ disvā 『『mahesakkhā devatā atthī』』ti saññaṃkariṃsu.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 之後幼弟將他帶回家中供養,說:"尊者請勿去他處,就住在這裡",使其允諾后安置他住下。之後他去到海山精舍。那裡海浪拍打鐵刺石頭發出巨響。長老作意業處時無法安住,於是決意使海洋寂靜。之後去到舅父山。那裡鳥群眾多,日夜喧囂不斷。長老想:"此處不適",便去到俱臘迦蘭精舍。該處離商人村不遠不近,來往方便,僻靜少聲。長老想:"此處適宜",於是建造夜住處、日住處和經行處等,在那裡度雨安居。如是住在四處。 一日,就在那個雨安居期間,五百商人說"我們要去海外",將貨物裝上船。上船那天,長老的幼弟供養長老后,在長老處受戒,臨行時說:"尊者,大海難測且多危險,請記念我們",便登船。船隨波浪前行到達一個島。人們說"讓我們用早餐"便在島上下船。那島上別無他物,只有檀香林。有人敲打一棵樹,知道是紅檀香后說:"諸位,我們為利而去海外,再沒有比這更有利的了,即使四指長的一塊也值十萬。我們拿走值得帶走的貨物吧。"他們就這樣做了。 住在檀香林的非人發怒想:"這些人毀壞了我們的檀香林,我們要殺死他們。"又想:"若殺死他們,這裡將全是屍體,我們要在海中使他們的船沉沒。"於是在他們上船行進片刻后,製造波浪,那些非人還現出可怕的形象。受驚的人們向自己的神明禮拜。小富樓那居士邊念"愿我兄長相助"邊站著禮敬。據說長老也在那刻觀察,知道他們遭遇災難,便騰空而起站在他們面前。非人一見長老就說"尊者富樓那來了"便離去。波浪平息。長老安慰他們說"不要怕",問"你們要去哪裡?""尊者,我們要回自己的地方。"長老踏在船板上決意"愿去他們想去之處"。商人們回到自己地方,將此事告訴妻兒,說"來,我們皈依長老",五百人與各自的五百女眷一起住立於三皈依,表明優婆塞身份。 之後卸下船上貨物,分出一份說:"尊者,這是您的份額。"長老說:"我不需要單獨的份額。但你們曾見過導師嗎?""未曾見過,尊者。""那麼用這份建造導師的圓形講堂。這樣你們就能見到導師。"他們說"好的,尊者",用那份和自己的份額開始建造圓形講堂。據說從開工起導師就開始受用。人們看到夜間的光明,認為"有大威力的天神在此。"

Upāsakā maṇḍalamāḷañca bhikkhusaṅghassa senāsanāni ca niṭṭhapetvā dānasambhāraṃ sajjetvā 『『kataṃ bhante amhehi attanokiccaṃ, satthāraṃ pakkosathā』』ti therassa ārocesuṃ. Thero sāyanhasamaye iddhiyāsāvatthiṃ patvā 『『bhante vāṇijagāmavāsino tumhe daṭṭhukāmā, tesaṃ anukampaṃ karothā』』ti. Bhagavā adhivāsesi. Thero bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā sakaṭṭhānameva paccāgato. Bhagavā ānandattheraṃ āmantesi 『『ānanda sve sūnāparante vāṇijagāme piṇḍāya carissāma, tvaṃ ekūnapañcasatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ salākaṃ dehī』』ti. Thero sādhu bhante』ti bhikkhusaṅghassa tamatthaṃ ārocetvā 『『cārikā salākaṃ gaṇhantū』』ti āha. Taṃ divasaṃ kuṇḍadhānatthero paṭhamaṃ salākaṃ aggahoti. Vāṇijagāmavāsinopi 『『sve kira satthā āgamissatī』』ti gāmamajjhe maṇḍapaṃ katvā dānaggaṃ sajjayiṃsu. Bhagavā pātova sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā gandhakuṭiṃ pavisitvā phalasamāpattiṃ appetvā nisīdi. Sakkassa paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhaṃ ahosi. So kiṃ idanti āvajjetvā satthu sūnāparantagamanaṃ disvā visukammaṃ āmantesi 『『tāta ajja bhagavā tīṇimattāni yojanasatāni piṇḍācāraṃ gamissati, pañca kūṭāgārasatāni māpetvā jetavanadvāra koṭṭhamatthake gamanasajjāniṃ katvā ṭhapehī』』ti, so tathā akāsi. Bhagavato kūṭāgāraṃ catumukhaṃ ahosi, dvinnaṃ aggasāvakānaṃ dvimukhaṃ, sesānaṃ ekamukhaṃ, satthā gandhakuṭito nikkhamma paṭipāṭiyā ṭhapita kūṭāgāresu dhurakūṭāgāraṃ pāvisi. Dve aggasāvake ādiṃ katvā ekūnapañcabhikkhusatānipi kūṭāgāraṃ gantvā nisinnā ahesuṃ, ekaṃ tucchakūṭāgāraṃ ahosi. Pañcapi kūṭāgārasatāni ākāse uppatiṃsu. Satthā saccabandhapabbataṃ nāma patvā kūṭāgāraṃ ākāse ṭhapetvā tasmiṃ pabbate saccabandho nāma micchādiṭṭhi, so mahājanaṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ uggaṇhāpento lābhaggayasaggappatto hutvā vasati. Abbhantare cassa antocāṭiyaṃ padīpo viya arahattassa upanissayo jalati, taṃ disvā 『『dhammamassa kathessāmī』』ti gantvā dhammaṃ deseti. Tāpaso desanāpariyosāne arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Maggenevassa abhiññā āgatā, ehi bhikkhu hutvā iddhimayapattacīvaro kūṭāgāraṃ pāvisi. Bhagavā kūṭāgāragatehi pañcahi bhikkhusatehisaddhiṃ vāṇijagāmaṃ gantvā kūṭāgārāni adissamānāni katvā vāṇijagāmaṃ pāvisi. Vāṇijā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā sasatthāraṃ makuḷakārāmaṃ nayiṃsu. Satthā maṇḍalamāḷaṃ pāvisi. Mahājano yāva satthā bhattadarathaṃ paṭippassambheti, tāva pātarāsaṃ katvā uposathaṅgāni samādāya gandhañca pupphañca ādāya dhammasavanatthāya ārāmaṃ paccāgamāsi. Satthā dhammaṃ desesi. Mahājanassa bandhanā mokkho jāto, mahanta buddhakolāhalaṃ ahosi. Satthā mahājanassa saṅgahatthaṃ katipāhaṃ tattheva vasi, aruṇaṃ pana mahāgandhakuṭiyaṃyeva uṭṭhapesi. Tattha katipāhaṃ vasitvā vāṇijagāme piṇḍāya caritvā 『『tvaṃ idheva vasāhī』』ti puṇṇattheraṃ nivattetvā antare nammadānadī nāma atthi, tassā tīraṃ agamāsi. Nammadānāgarājā satthu paccuggantvā nāgabhavanaṃ pavesetvā tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ sakkāraṃ akāsi. Satthā tassa dhammaṃ kathetvā nāgabhavanā nikkhami. So 『『mayhaṃ bhante paricaritabbaṃ dethā』』ti yāci. Bhagavā nammadānadītīre padacetiyaṃ dassesi. Taṃ vīcīsu āgahāsu pidhiyati vīcīsu gatāsu vivarati, mahāsakkārappattaṃ ahosi.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 優婆塞們完成圓形講堂和比丘僧團的住所,準備供養資具后,告訴長老說:"尊者,我們已完成自己的事,請邀請導師。"長老傍晚以神通到達舍衛城,說:"世尊,商人村居民想見您,請慈悲他們。"世尊應允。長老知道世尊應允后即返回自己處。世尊告訴阿難長老:"阿難,明天我們要在蘇那波蘭陀的商人村托缽,你給四百九十九位比丘分發牌簽。"長老說"好的,世尊",告知比丘僧團此事後說:"請參加遊行者取牌簽。"那天軍荼陀那長老第一個取得牌簽。 商人村居民聽說"明天導師將來",在村中央搭建帳篷準備供養。世尊早晨整理身體後進入香室,入果定而坐。帝釋天的黃玉石座變熱。他觀察"這是何故",見到導師將去蘇那波蘭陀,便告訴毗首羯磨:"孩子,今天世尊將去三百由旬處托缽,你造五百樓閣,準備好放在祇園門口。"他照做了。世尊的樓閣是四面的,兩大弟子的是兩面的,其餘的是一面的。導師從香室出來,進入排列好的樓閣中的首座樓閣。從兩大弟子開始的四百九十九位比丘也進入樓閣坐下,有一個空樓閣。五百樓閣升入空中。 導師到達真實山後將樓閣停在空中。在那山上有個名叫真實的邪見者,他教導大眾邪見,獲得最上利養和名聲。他內心如瓶中燈般燃燒著阿羅漢的善緣。見此後想"我要為他說法"便去說法。苦行者在說法結束時證得阿羅漢果。神通隨道果而來,成為"善來比丘",具有神變的缽衣,進入樓閣。世尊與五百樓閣中的比丘一起到達商人村,使樓閣隱形後進入商人村。商人們供養以佛為首的比丘僧團大食后,引導師去俱臘迦蘭精舍。導師進入圓形講堂。大眾在導師休息去疲勞時用過早餐,受持布薩支,手持香花回精舍聽法。導師說法。大眾解脫束縛,發生巨大佛法之聲。導師為攝受大眾在那裡住了幾天,但天亮時總在大香室。在那裡住幾天後在商人村托缽,囑咐富樓那長老"你就住在這裡"后離開,去到中途的南摩達河岸。南摩達龍王迎接導師,請入龍宮,供養三寶。導師為他說法后離開龍宮。他請求:"請給我供養之物。"世尊在南摩達河岸顯示足跡塔。漲潮時隱沒,退潮時顯現,獲得大供養。;

Satthā tato nikkhamma saccabandhapabbataṃ gantvā saccabandhaṃ āha 『『tayā mahājano apāyamagge otārito. Tvaṃ idheva vasitvā etesaṃ laddhiṃ vissajjāpetvā nibbānamagge patiṭṭhāpehī』』ti. Sopi paricaritabbaṃ yāci. Satthā ghanapiṭṭhipāsāṇe allamattikapiṇḍamhi lañchanaṃ viya padacetiyaṃ dassesi. Evaṃ sūnāparantaraṭṭheyeva dve cakkaratanacetiyāni yāvasāsanantaradhānaṃ patiṭṭhāpesi. Sattame pana vasse sāvatthiyaṃ kaṇḍambarukkhamūle titthi maddanaṃ karonto yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ katvā dasahi cakkavāḷa sahassehi āgatānaṃ devatānaṃ mātaraṃ kāyasakkhiṃ katvā abhidhammaṃ desente tāvatiṃsabhavane pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ vassaṃ vasi. Aṭṭhame saṃsumāranagare ekavassaṃ vasi. Navame kosambiyaṃ ekavassaṃ vasi. Tadā bhaddiyo, kimilo, bhagu, ānando, anuruddho, devadatto, cāti cha khattiyā pabbajiṃsu. Tesaṃ vitthāro dhammapade āgato. Dasame pana vasse pālileyyāgāme dakkhiṇavanasaṇḍe bhaddasālamūle pālileyyakena hatthinā upaṭṭhiyamāno phāsukaṃ vassāvāsaṃ vasi. Ekādasame nālandhabrāhmaṇagāme ekavāsaṃ vasi. Dvādasame verañjāyaṃ ekavāsaṃ vasi duccaritassa vipākaṃ anubhavamāno, bhagavatā kira phussassa bhagavato kāle sāvakānaṃ vacīduccaritavasena katupacitassa akusalakammassa tadā laddhokāsavasena upaṭṭhitattā verañjabrāhmaṇena nimantitopi samāno mārāvaṭṭana vasena asallakkhetvā assavāṇijakānaṃ nibaddhavattasaṅkhepena paññattaṃ patthapatthamūlakaṃ yavataṇḍulameva temāsaṃ bhuñjati, vuttañhetaṃ apadāne.

『『Phussassāhaṃ pāvacane, sāvake paribhāsissaṃ;

Yavaṃ khādatha bhuñjatha, māca bhuñjatha sālino.

Tena kammavipākena, temāsaṃ khāditaṃ yavaṃ;

Nimantito brāhmaṇena, verañjāyaṃ vasiṃ tadāti』』.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 導師從那裡離開,去到真實山,對真實說:"你使大眾踏上惡趣之道。你就住在這裡,使他們捨棄邪見,安住于涅槃之道。"他也請求供養之物。導師在堅實的巖石上顯示足跡塔,如在濕泥團上蓋印一般。如是在蘇那波蘭陀國建立兩處輪寶塔,直至教法滅盡。 第七年在舍衛城庚閉樹下制伏外道,作雙神變,以十千世界來的諸天為母親作證,在三十三天晝度樹下的黃玉石座上說阿毗達磨度雨安居。第八年在僧蘇摩羅城度一年雨安居。第九年在拘睒彌度一年雨安居。那時跋提耶、金毗羅、跋故、阿難、阿那律、提婆達多等六位剎帝利出家。他們的詳細故事在法句經中。第十年在波利雷耶迦村南林中吉祥娑羅樹下,由波利雷耶迦象侍奉,安樂度雨安居。第十一年在那蘭陀婆羅門村度一次雨安居。第十二年在毗蘭若度一次雨安居,經歷惡行的果報。據說,在弗沙佛時期,因對弟子們語言惡行而積集的不善業在那時得到機會成熟,雖受毗蘭若婆羅門邀請,卻因魔羅迷惑而未察覺,三個月只能食用馬販子們常備的粗麥米。如《譬喻經》中說: "我于弗沙教法中,辱罵諸弟子, 食麥與食麥,勿食精白米。 以此業報故,三月食粗麥, 婆羅門邀請,住毗蘭若時。"

Tena vuttaṃ 『『dvādasame verañjāyaṃ ekavāsaṃ vasi duccaritassa vipākaṃ anubhavamāno』』ti. Terasame jāliyapabbate ekavāsaṃ vasi. Catuddasame sāvatthiyaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme jetavanavihāre paṭhamavāsaṃ vasitvā pannarasame vasse ñātijanasaṅgahatthaṃ kapilavatthuṃ gantvā ekameva vāsaṃ kappesi . Soḷasame vasse āḷavakayakkhadamanatthaṃ aggāḷavīnagare ekavāsaṃ vasi. Sattarasame vasse rājagahameva nivattitvā vāsaṃ kappesi. Aṭṭhārasame vasse jāliyapabbatameva nivattitvā vasi. Ekūnavīsatimepi vasse tattheva jāliyapabbatameva vasi. Vīsatime vasse rājagahassa avidūre bhīsanake bhesakalavanasaṇḍe vāsaṃ kappesī』』ti imāni vīsati vassāni paṭhamabodhīti veditabbāni. Etasmiṃ kāle ehibhikkhūpasampadāyaeva upasampādesīti yebhuyyena bhagavantaṃyeva uddissa ācariyupajjhāyaṃ katvā ehibhikkhu bhāvamāpanne puññavantapuggaleyeva sandhāya vuttaṃ, aññesampi ariyabhāvamanāpannānaṃ sudinnādīnaṃ vā yamakapāṭihāriye pasīditvā āyasmato sāriputtattherassa santike pabbajitānaṃ pubbe kassapabuddhakāle vaggulibhūtapubbānaṃ pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ therasseva santike pabbajitabhāvassa dissanato tena vuttaṃ 『『bhagavā hi paṭhamabodhiyaṃ etasmiṃ kāle ehi bhikkhūpasampadāya eva upasampādesī』』ti. Ito paresu pana pañcavīsativassesu anāthapiṇḍikena kārite jetavanamahāvihāre ekūnavīsativassā vāsaṃ vasi. Visākhāya sattavīsati koṭidhanapariccāgena kārite pubbārāme chabbassāni vasi. Dvinnaṃ kulānaṃ guṇamahattaṃ paṭicca sāvatthiyaṃ nissāya pañcavīsati vassāni vāsaṃ vasi. Antime pana vasse beḷuvagāme vasitvā maraṇantikā vedanā uppajji, āyusaṅkhārossajjanañca tattha akāsi. Imāni idha nādhippetāni, bhagavato vassakkamajānanatthaṃyeva vuttanti.

Saraṇagamanūpasampadā nāma 『『buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi』』tyādinā tikkhattuṃ vācaṃ bhinditvā vuttehi tīhi saraṇagamanehi upasampanno.

Ovādapaṭiggahaṇūpasampadā nāma 『『tasmā tiha te kassapa evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ tibbameva hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ bhavissati theresu navesu majjhimesu cāti, evañhi te kassapa sikkhitabbaṃ tasmā tiha te kassapa evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ yaṃ kiñci dhammaṃ sossāmi kusalūpasañhitaṃ sabbantaṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasikatvā sabbameva cetaso samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ sossāmīti, evañhi te kassapa sikkhitabbaṃ tasmā tiha te kassapa evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ sātasahagataṃ me kāyagatā satiṃ na jahissatīti , evañhi te kassapa sikkhitabbanti iminā ovādapaṭiggaṇena mahākassapattherassa anuññātaupasampadā nāma.

Pañhābyākaraṇūpasampadā nāma sopākassa anuññātaupasampadā, bhagavā kira pubbārāme anucaṅkamanto sopākasāmaṇeraṃ 『『uddhumātakasaññāti vā sopāka rūpasaññāti vā ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā, udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nāna』』nti dasaasubhanissite pañhe pucchi. So te byākāsi. Bhagavā tassa sādhukāraṃ datvā 『『kativassosi tvaṃ sopākā』』ti pucchi. 『『Sattavasso ahaṃ bhagavā』』ti, 『『sopāka tvaṃ mama sabbaññutaññāṇena saddhiṃ saṃsanditvā pañhe byākāsī』』ti āraddhacitto upasampadaṃ anujānāti, ayaṃ pañhābyākaraṇūpasampadā.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 因此說"第十二年在毗蘭若度一次雨安居,經歷惡行果報"。第十三年在佳利耶山度一次雨安居。第十四年在舍衛城給孤獨園祇樹精舍度第一次雨安居,第十五年為攝受親族往迦毗羅衛城度一次雨安居。第十六年為調伏阿拉瓦迦夜叉在阿伽拉維城度一次雨安居。第十七年回到王舍城度雨安居。第十八年回到佳利耶山度雨安居。第十九年也在佳利耶山度雨安居。第二十年在王舍城附近可怖的貝沙卡拉林度雨安居。這二十年應知為初覺時期。 在這期間以善來比丘具足戒授具足戒,這主要是指以世尊為師為依而成為善來比丘的有福之人。其他未證聖果者如蘇陀等,或在雙神變中生信而在舍利弗長老處出家的、在迦葉佛時曾為蝙蝠的五百比丘在長老處出家,因此說"世尊在初覺時期以善來比丘具足戒授具足戒"。在之後的二十五年中,在給孤獨所建祇樹大精舍度十九年雨安居。在毗舍佃以二十七俱胝財施所建東園度六年雨安居。因這兩家的大功德,依止舍衛城度二十五年雨安居。最後一年在貝盧瓦村度雨安居時生臨終之痛,在那裡捨棄壽行。這些不是此處所要表達的,只是爲了知道世尊雨安居的次序而說。 歸依具足戒是指以"我歸依佛"等三說而以三歸依成為具足戒者。 接受教誡具足戒是指對迦葉長老允許的具足戒:"因此迦葉,你應如是學:'對長老、新學、中間的比丘都要具足強烈的慚愧心。'迦葉,你應如是學。因此迦葉,你應如是學:'凡所聞法,與善相應的,我都要專注、作意、全神貫注、傾耳而聞。'迦葉,你應如是學。因此迦葉,你應如是學:'我不應舍離與喜悅俱行的身念。'迦葉,你應如是學。"以此接受教誡而允許的具足戒。 解答問題具足戒是指對蘇巴迦允許的具足戒。據說,世尊在東園經行時問蘇巴迦沙彌:"蘇巴迦,'腫脹想'或'色想',這些法是異義異文,還是同義異文?"等關於十不凈的問題。他回答了這些問題。世尊讚歎后問:"蘇巴迦,你幾歲?""世尊,我七歲。""蘇巴迦,你能與我的一切智智相應而答問題。"心生歡喜而允許具足戒,這是解答問題具足戒。

Aṭṭhavācikūpasampadā nāma bhikkhuniyā bhikkhunisaṅghato ñatticatutthena bhikkhusaṅghato ñatticatutthenāti imehi dvīhi kammehi upasampadā. Ñatticatutthakammūpasampadā nāma bhikkhūnaṃ etarahi upasampadā, ayameva idhādhippetā, sampattivipattivasena sambhavato. Kasmā hesa upasampanno nāmāti. Samaggena saṅghena ñatticatutthena kammena akuppena ṭhānārahena uparibhāvaṃ samāpanno pattoti upasampanno, seṭṭhabhāvaṃ pattotiattho tathā hi gihibhāvato sāmaṇerabhāvo seṭṭho nāma, tatopi upasampannabhāvoyeva seṭṭho. Tattha samaggena saṅghenāti sabbantimena pariyāyena pañcavaggakaraṇīye kamme yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā, tesaṃ āgatattā chandārahānaṃ chandassa āhaṭattā, sammukhībhūtānañca appaṭikkosanato etasmiṃ kamme samaggabhāvaṃ upagatena. Ñatticatutthenāti tīhi anusāvanāhi ekāya ca ñattiyā kattabbena. Ettha ca kiñcāpi ñatti sabbapaṭhamaṃ vuttā, tissannaṃ pana anusāvanānaṃ atthabyañjanabhedābhāvato atthabyañjanabhinnā ñatti tāsaṃ catutthanti katvā ñatticatutthanti vuccati. Kammenā ti dhammikena kammena, vinayakammenātiattho. Akuppenā ti vatthu ñatti anusāvana sīma parisasampatti sampannattā akopetabbataṃ appaṭikkositabbatañca upagatena. Ṭhānārahenā ti kāraṇārahena, satthusāsanārahenāti attho. Etehi kāraṇehi seṭṭhabhāvamāpannoti attho. Tattha sampattivipattivasena sambhavato ti vatthusampatti ñattisampatti anusāvanasampattisīmasampattiparisasampattivasena pañcahi sampattīhi upasampadakammassa sijjhanatoti attho. Tattha vatthu sampattināma paripuṇṇavīsativassabhāvo idāni purisattabhāvo ca. Unnavīsativassaṃ, antimavatthuajjhāpannapubbaṃ, paṇḍako, theyyasaṃvāsako, titthiyapakkantako, tiracchānagato, mātughātako, pitughātako, arahantaghātako, bhikkhunidūsako, saṅghabhedako, lohituppādako, ubhatobyañjanako, ti ime terasa puggalā upasampadāya avatthu. Tattha ūnavīsativassanti sāmaññena vuttepi mātukucchito nikkhamanato paṭṭhāya ekūnavīsaparipuṇṇo purisapuggalo upasampadāya vatthu, tato oraṃ na upasampadāya vatthu tatho hi ekasmiṃ saṃvacchare hemantagimhavassavasena tiṇṇaṃ utūnaṃ sambhavattā tayo utū honti, honti cettha.

『『Kattikantikapakkhamhā, hemaṃ phagguṇapuṇṇamā;

Tassanti kapakkhamhā, gimhaṃ āsāḷhipuṇṇamā;

Vassakālaṃ tato sesaṃ, catuvīsatūposathā.

Cātuddasī cha etesu, pakkhā tatiyasattamā;

Sesā pannarasī ñeyyā, aṭṭhārasa uposathāti』』.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 八語具足戒是指比丘尼從比丘尼僧團以白四羯磨、從比丘僧團以白四羯磨這兩種羯磨得具足戒。白四羯磨具足戒是指現今比丘的具足戒,這裡正是指這個,因其具有成就與不成就。 為什麼稱為具足戒者?因為由和合僧團以不動的、合理的白四羯磨達到上位而稱為具足戒者,意為達到最上位。如是在家身份中沙彌身份為最上,較之更上的是具足戒身份。其中"和合僧團"是指以最少人數,在五人作羯磨時,應到的比丘已到,應與欲的已與欲,現前者不反對,在此羯磨中達到和合。"白四"是指以三次羯磨宣說和一次白表達。雖然白首先說,但因三次羯磨宣說義文無別,而白與它們義文有別,作為它們的第四,故稱白四。"羯磨"是指如法羯磨,即律羯磨。"不動"是指因事、白、宣說、界、眾成就而達到不可動搖、不可反對。"合理"是指合理由,即合導師教法。意為以這些因緣達到最上位。 其中"具有成就與不成就"是指具足戒羯磨以事成就、白成就、宣說成就、界成就、眾成就等五種成就而成立。其中事成就是指滿二十歲及現為男身。未滿二十歲、曾犯極重罪、黃門、盜住、投外道、畜生、殺母、殺父、殺阿羅漢、污比丘尼、破僧、出佛身血、兩性人等十三種人不是具足戒的事。其中雖泛說"未滿二十歲",但從出母胎起滿十九歲的男子是具足戒的事,未滿則不是具足戒的事。因為一年中有寒、熱、雨三季,有: "從迦提迦月盡,寒季至帕古納滿, 從其盡至阿沙荼,熱季滿月為止, 雨季餘下時間,二十四布薩日。 其中十四布薩,第三和第七月, 余為十五布薩,共十八布薩日。"

Ettha ca kattikassa kāḷapakkhapāṭipadato paṭṭhāya yāva phagguṇapuṇṇamā cattāro māsā hemautu nāma. Phagguṇassa kāḷapakkhapāṭipadato paṭṭhāya yāva āsāḷhīpuṇṇamā cattāro māsā gimhautu nāma. Asāḷhakāḷapakkhapāṭipadato paṭṭhāya yāva aparakattikapuṇṇamā cattāro māsā vassautu nāma. Evaṃ ekasmiṃ saṃvacchare tayo utū honti. Tattha ekasmiṃ utumhi pakkhassa tatiyasattamesu dve dve katvā cha catuddasikā, paṭhamadutiyacatutthapañcamachaṭṭhaaṭṭhamesu cha cha katvā aṭṭhārasa pannarasikāti evaṃ ekasaṃvacchare catuvīsati uposathā honti. Imesu catuvīsatuposathesu cātuddasiyā ekūnatiṃsa divasā hontīti katvā ekasaṃvacchare cha ūnā divasā honti. Iminā nayena ekūnavīsatime vasse chamāsādhikāni aṭṭhārasavassāni honti. Tasmiṃ mātukucchimhi nibbattakāle dasamāse pakkhipitvā cattāri māsādhikāni ekūnavīsavassāni paripuṇṇāni. Rājāno pana tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vassānaṃ accayena māsaṃ ākaḍḍhanti , divasena saha māsampi, tasmā aṭṭhārasavasse yeva cha māsādhikāni honti. Taṃ heṭṭhācatumāsādhika ekūnavīsatime vasse pakkhipitvā ekamāsādhikāni vīsativassāni sabbaso paripuṇṇāni honti. Evaṃ ekūnavīsativassato paṭṭhāya gabbhavīso upasampadāya vatthūti veditabbo. Idāni purisattabhāvo ti bhikkhuniyā abhāvato purisapuggalova idāni vaṭṭatīti adhippeto tathā hi mātugāmassa pabbajitatthā pañcavassasatāni saddhammo tiṭṭheyya, paññattattā pana aparāni pañcavassasatāni ṭhassatīti evaṃ vassasahassameva paṭisambhidāppattasaddhammassa patiṭṭhitabhāvo vutto. Mātugāmā ca nāma duppaññā tibbakilesā lāmakā ca. Bhagavatā ca paṭhamabodhiyaṃ ādito paṭṭhāyameva mahāpajāpatiyā gotamiyā aṭṭhagarudhammapaṭiggahaṇena upasampadatte anuññātepi sāsanassa aciraṭṭhitikabhāvo vutto. Duppaññattā itthiyo sāsane ciraṃ na tiṭṭhanti, tibbakilesattā yathā paññatta sikkhāpadānurūpaṃ saṃvarampi rakkhituṃ na sakkonti. Lāmakattāpi tā aṭṭhasamāpattiṃ labhantāpi brāhmapārisajjaṃ nātikkamanti, evaṃ bhikkhuniyā abhāvato idāni purisapuggaloti vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhatvā cattāri khettāni veditabbāni tathā hi mātugāmassa pabbajitattā vassasahassameva ṭhassatīti cetaṃ paṭisambhidāppattakhīṇāsavavasena vuttaṃ, tato paraṃ uttaripi sukkhavipassakakhīṇāsavavasena vassasahassaṃ, anāgāmivasena vassasahassaṃ, sakadāgāmivasena vassasahassaṃ, sotāpannavasena vassasahassanti evaṃ pañcavassasahassāni paṭivedhasaddhammo tiṭṭhati. Pariyattisaddhammopi tāniyeva na hi pariyattiyā asati paṭivedho atthi. Nāpi pariyattiyā sati paṭivedho na hoti. Liṅgaṃ pana pariyattiyā antarahitāya ciraṃ pavattissati, idaṃ khandhakabhāṇakānaṃ matena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana evaṃ vuttaṃ 『『paṭisambhidāppattehi vassasahassaṃ aṭṭhāsi, chaḷabhiññehi vassasahassaṃ, tevijjehi vassasahassaṃ, sukkhavipassakehi vassasahassaṃ, pātimokkhena vassasahassaṃ aṭṭhāsī』』ti. Idampi dīghabhāṇakattherānaṃ matena vuttaṃ. Aṅguttaranikāyaṭṭhakathāyampi buddhānaṃ parinibbānato vassasahassameva paṭisambhidā nibbattetuṃ sakkonti, tato paraṃ cha abhiññā , tato tāpi asakkontā tisso vijjā nibbattanti. Gacchantekāle tānipi nibbattetuṃ asakkontā sukkhavipassakā honti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 這裡,從迦提迦月黑月初一起至帕古納滿月四個月為寒季。從帕古納月黑月初一起至阿沙荼滿月四個月為熱季。從阿沙荼月黑月初一起至后迦提迦滿月四個月為雨季。如是一年有三季。其中每季第三和第七月各兩次,共六次十四日布薩,第一、二、四、五、六、八月各六次,共十八次十五日布薩,如是一年有二十四次布薩。在這二十四次布薩中,十四日布薩共二十九天,因此一年少六天。依此方法,到第十九年有十八年零六個月。在母胎中出生時加上十個月,滿十九年零四個月。但國王每過三年增加一個月,還有一天一月,因此在十八年就有六個月。這加入下面四個月零的十九年中,總共正好滿二十年零一個月。如是應知從十九年起胎中二十年是具足戒的事。 "現為男身"是指因無比丘尼,現今只允許男子,因為女人出家正法只住五百年,但因制定戒律又住五百年,如是具足無礙解正法只住一千年。女人愚鈍、煩惱深重且低劣。雖然世尊在初覺時從一開始就允許大愛道瞿曇彌以接受八敬法得具足戒,但說教法不久住。因愚鈍女人在教法中不久住,因煩惱深重不能如所制戒律保持律儀。因低劣即使得八定也不超過梵眾天,如是因無比丘尼故說現今男子。 在此應知四種領域。即因女人出家正法只住一千年,這是就得無礙解漏盡者而說,此後純觀漏盡者一千年,不還者一千年,一來者一千年,預流者一千年,如是證悟正法住五千年。教理正法也同樣,因為無教理則無證悟,有教理必有證悟。但相狀在教理消失後將長久住持,應知這是誦犍度者的意見。在《長部注》中如是說:"得無礙解者住一千年,六神通者一千年,三明者一千年,純觀者一千年,以波羅提木叉住一千年。"這也是長部誦者長老的意見。在《增支部注》中也說:佛般涅槃后一千年能生無礙解,此後六神通,後來不能生起這些就生三明,隨時過去不能生起這些就成為純觀者。

Eteneva upāyena anāgāmino sakadāgimino, sotāpannāti vuttaṃ. Idampi aṅguttaranikāye vuttaṃ. Saṃyuttanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana paṭhamabodhiyaṃ bhikkhū paṭisambhidāppattā. Atha kāle gacchante paṭisambhidā pāpuṇituṃ na sakkhiṃsu, chaḷabhiññā ahesuṃ. Tato chapi abhiññā pattuṃ asakkontā tisso vijjā pāpuṇiṃsu. Idāni kāle gacchante tisso vijjā pāpuṇituṃ asakkontā āsavakkhayaṃ pāpuṇissanti, tampi asakkontā anāgāmiphalaṃ, tampi asakkontā sakadāgāmiphalaṃ, tampi asakkontā sotāpattiphalaṃ. Gacchantekāle sotāpattiphalampi pattuṃ na sakkhissantī』ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā ce te ācariyā bhinnavādā, tasmā tesaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhāṇakānaṃ matameva buddhaghosācariyena tattha tattha likhitanti gahetabbaṃ, aññathā ācariyasseva pubbāparavirodhappasaṅgo siyā ācariyabuddhaghoseneva hi sīhaḷabhāsaṃ apanetvā māgadhabhāsāya sāṭṭhakathaṃ buddhavacanaṃ likhitaṃ, na aññena ācariyena tasmā aṭṭhakathāya vuttavacanameva pamāṇanti gahetabbaṃ. Nanu cattāropi nikāyaṭṭhakathāsaṅgītiṃ ārūḷhā, atha kasmā evaṃ bhinnāti. Saccaṃ, tathāpi kesañci therānaṃ vādappakāsanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Na saṅgāhakattherānaṃ, tasmā aṭṭhakathāvacanameva pamāṇanti vuttaṃ.

Antimavatthuajjhāpannapubbanti pārājikabhikkhu, so abhabbo sāsane upasampadakammassa laddhuṃ.

Paṇḍakoticetta pañcavidho hoti āsittapaṇḍako, ussūyapaṇḍako, opakkamikapaṇḍako, napuṃsako, pakkhapaṇḍakoti. Tattha yassa paresaṃ aṅgajātaṃ mukhena gaṇhitvā asucinā āsittassa pariḷāho vūpasamati, ayaṃ āsittapaṇḍako nāma. Yassa paresaṃ ajjhācāraṃ passato ussūyāya uppannāya pariḷāho vūpasamati, ayaṃ ussūyapaṇḍako nāma. Yassa upakkamena bījāni apanītāni honti, ayaṃ opakkamikapaṇḍako nāma. Yo pana paṭisandhiyaṃ yeva abhāvako uppanno hoti, ayaṃ napuṃsako nāma. Ekacco pana akusalavipākānubhāvena kāḷapakkhe paṇḍako hoti, juṇhapakkhe panassa pariḷāhovūpasamati , ayaṃ pakkhapaṇḍako nāma, keci pana yo kāḷapakkhe itthī hoti, juṇhapakkhe puriso, ayaṃ pakkhapaṇḍakoti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattameva. Etesu āsittapaṇḍakassa ca ussūyapaṇḍakassa ca pabbajjā na vāritā. Opakkamikanapuṃsakapakkhapaṇḍakānaṃ pana vāritā. Tesupi pakkhapaṇḍakassa yasmiṃ pakkhe paṇḍako hoti, tasmiṃyeva pabbajjā vāritā. Ettha ca apaṇḍakapakkhe pabbajitvā paṇḍakapakkhe nāsetabboti tīsupi gaṇṭhipadesu vuttaṃ. Keci pana 『『apaṇḍakapakkhepabbajito sato kilesakkhayaṃ pāpuṇāti, na nāsetabbo』』ti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattameva, paṇḍakassa kilesakkhayā sambhavato khīṇakilesassa ca paṇḍakabhāvānupapattito ahetuka paṭisandhikathāyañhi avisesena paṇḍakassa ahetukapaṭisandhi katā vuttā, āsitta ussūyapakkhapaṇḍakānañca paṭisandhito paṭṭhāyeva paṇḍakabhāvo, na pavattiyaṃyevāti vadanti. Teneva ahetukapaṭisandhiniddese jaccandha-jaccabadhirādayo viya paṇḍako jātisaddena visesetvā niddiṭṭho. Catutthapārājikasaṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ pana abhabbapuggale dassentena paṇḍakatiracchānagataubhato byañjanakā tayo vatthuvipannā ahetukapaṭisandhikā, tesaṃ saggo avāritoti avisesena vuttaṃ, evaṃ pañcavidhā paṇḍakā te paṇḍakasāmaññena avisesetvā 『『paṇḍakāti evameva vatvā paṇḍako bhikkhave na upasampādetabbo』』ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 以同樣方法說不還者、一來者、預流者。這也是在《增支部》中所說。但在《相應部注》中說:初覺時比丘得無礙解。隨時過去不能得無礙解,成為六神通者。後來不能得六神通,得三明。現在隨時過去不能得三明,將得漏盡,不能得那個將得不還果,不能得那個將得一來果,不能得那個將得預流果。隨時過去將不能得預流果。 因為這些阿阇黎見解不同,所以應當理解佛音阿阇黎在各處所寫的只是那些阿阇黎和誦者們的意見,否則阿阇黎自身將有前後矛盾之過。因為只有阿阇黎佛音除去僧伽羅語後用摩揭陀語寫下帶註釋的佛語,不是其他阿阇黎,所以應以註釋中所說為準。難道四部註釋都沒有結集入嗎?那為什麼如此不同?確實如此,但那是爲了顯示某些長老的見解,不是結集長老的,所以說只以註釋為準。 "曾犯極重罪"是指波羅夷比丘,他不能在教法中得具足戒羯磨。 "黃門"有五種:射精黃門、嫉妒黃門、致殘黃門、閹人、半月黃門。其中以口含他人生殖器,被精液射入后熱惱平息,這是射精黃門。見他人性行為,因嫉妒生起后熱惱平息,這是嫉妒黃門。以人為方法去除生殖器者,這是致殘黃門。從結生時就無性者,這是閹人。有些人因不善業報力在黑月為黃門,但在白月熱惱平息,這是半月黃門。有些人說在黑月為女人,白月為男人,這是半月黃門,那只是他們的意見。在這些中,射精黃門和嫉妒黃門不禁止出家。但致殘、閹人、半月黃門被禁止。其中半月黃門在作黃門的月份被禁止出家。這裡三種義疏都說:"在非黃門月出家者,在黃門月應驅逐。"有些人說:"在非黃門月出家者若證滅盡,不應驅逐",那只是他們的意見。因為黃門可能滅盡煩惱,而滅盡煩惱者不可能是黃門。在無因結生的論述中泛說黃門是無因結生,他們說射精、嫉妒、半月黃門從結生起就是黃門,不僅在現世。因此在無因結生的解說中,黃門像生盲、生聾等以"生"字修飾而說明。但在第四波羅夷解釋中顯示不能得道的人時,泛說黃門、畜生、兩性人三種事差違者是無因結生,他們不禁止生天。如是五種黃門,應知不區分黃門種類而只說"黃門",說"諸比丘,不應為黃門授具足戒。"

Theyyasaṃvāsako ti yo sayameva pabbajjāliṅgaṃ gahetvā bhikkhuvassaṃ gaṇetvā bhikkhūti paṭiññaṃ sampaṭicchati, yathāvuḍḍhaṃ vandanaṃ sādiyati, so liṅgassa saṃvāsassa ca thenattā ubhayatthenako nāma. Yo pana yathāvuḍḍhaṃ vandanaṃ na sādiyati, asuddhacittavasena liṅgassathenattāliṅgatthenako nāma. Yo vā pana sāmaṇerabhūmiyaṃ ṭhatvā musāvādena bhikkhuti paṭiññaṃ gahetvā bhikkhuvassaggena vandanādiṃ sādiyati, so bhikkhūhi dinnaliṅgattā liṅgatthenako na hoti, saṃvāsassa thenattā saṃvāsatthenako nāma. Ettha ca ubhayatthenakopi asuddhacittena liṅgatthenakeeva paviṭṭhoti veditabbo. Yopi sāmaṇero vuḍḍhasāmaṇerānaṃ vandanaṃ sādiyati, daharabhikkhūpi vuḍḍhabhikkhūnaṃ vandanaṃ sādiyati, sopi theyyasaṃvāsako nāpi hoti, athenattā. Yo vā pana bhikkhupārājikamāpannova bhikkhuliṅge ṭhito yāva paṭijānāti, tāva attheva tassa bhikkhubhāvo, na so anupasampannasaṅkhyaṃ gacchati, tathā hi so saṃvāsaṃ sādiyantopi theyyasaṃvāsako na hoti, so sahaseyyādiāpattimpi na janeti, omasavāde pācittiyañca na janeti teneva 『『asuddho hoti puggalo aññataraṃ pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpanno, tañce suddhadiṭṭhi samāno okāsaṃ kārāpetvā akkosādhippāyo vadati āpatti omasavādassā』』ti omasavāde pācittiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Asati hi bhikkhubhāve dukkaṭaṃ vadeyya. Yo pana sāmaṇero sāmaṇeraliṅgeneva pāṇātipātādipañcavidhaṃ silavipattiṃ pāpuṇāti, sopi āgato liṅganāsanāya nāsetvā saraṇasīlaṃ dātabbaṃ, athenattā upasampadāya avatthubhāvampi na pāpuṇāti. Vikālabhojanādikaṃ karontassa pana 『『accayo maṃ bhante accāgamā』』tyādinā saṅghamajjhe accayaṃ desāpetvā vā daṇḍakammaṃ vā katvā sīlaṃ dātabbameva. Titthiyapakkantako uttānoyeva.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 盜住者是指自己取得出家相狀,計算比丘年數,承認"是比丘"的稱呼,接受按資歷的禮敬,因偷盜相狀和共住而稱為雙盜者。若不接受按資歷的禮敬,因不凈心而偷盜相狀稱為相狀盜者。或者處於沙彌地位,以妄語取得"比丘"的稱呼,接受以比丘年臘的禮敬等,因比丘給予相狀而不是相狀盜者,因偷盜共住稱為共住盜者。這裡雙盜者也應知因不凈心而歸入相狀盜者。若沙彌接受長沙彌的禮敬,年輕比丘接受長老比丘的禮敬,也不成為盜住者,因為非盜。 若已犯比丘波羅夷而住于比丘相狀中,只要承認就仍有比丘身份,不算為未具足戒者。因此他即使接受共住也不成為盜住者,也不構成同宿等罪,也不構成辱罵的波逸提罪。因此在辱罵中說波逸提:"不凈者是犯某一波羅夷法的人,若認為他清凈,請求機會,意圖辱罵而說,犯辱罵罪。"若無比丘身份則說突吉羅。 若沙彌以沙彌相狀犯殺生等五種戒,也應以相狀廢除而廢除,應給予三皈依戒,因非盜而不成為具足戒的不合格事。但對於非時食等,應在僧團中以"尊者,我犯了過錯"等懺悔過錯,或作懲罰羯磨后必須給予戒。投外道者義顯然。

Tiracchānagatoti yokoci amanussabhūto cattāro apāyikāpi upasampadāya avatthuyeva. Te paṭisandhiyā lāmakattā abhabbā sāsane pabbajituṃ. Yadi cattāro apāyikā upasampadāya avatthu bhaveyya, atha kasmā sese anapadisitvā tiracchānagatova avatthūti vuttanti. Sesānaṃ apākaṭavatthuttā, tathā hi sambuddhakāle tiracchānayoniyaṃ nibbatto eko nāgarājā nāgayoniyā aṭṭīyati harāyati jigucchati. Athakho tassa nāgassa etadahosi kenanukho ahaṃ upāyena nāgayoniyā parimucceyyaṃ khippañca manussattaṃ labheyyanti. Athakho tassa nāgassa etadahosi 『『ime kho samaṇāsakyaputtiyā dhammacārino samacārino brahmacārino saccavādino sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā sace kho ahaṃ samaṇesu sakyaputtiyesu pabbajeyyaṃ, evāhaṃ nāgayoniyā parimucceyyaṃ khippañca manussattaṃ paṭilabheyya』』nti. Atha kho so nāgo māṇavakavaṇṇena bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā pabbajjaṃ yāci. Taṃ bhikkhū pabbājesuṃ upasampādesuṃ. Tena kho pana samayena so nāgo aññatarena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ paccantime vihāre paṭivasati. Atha kho so bhikkhu rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccūṭṭhāya ajjhokāse caṅkamati. Atha kho so nāgo tassa bhikkhuno nikkhante vissaṭṭho niddaṃ okkamesi. Sabbo vihāro ahinā puṇṇo, vātapānehi bhogā nikkhantā honti. Athakho so bhikkhu 『『vihāraṃ pavisissāmī』』ti kavāṭaṃ paṇāmento addasa sabbaṃ vihāraṃ ahināpuṇṇaṃ vātapānehi bhoge nikkhante. Disvāna bhīto vissaramakāsi. Bhikkhū upadhāvitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ 『『kissa tvaṃ āvuso vissaramakāsī』』ti. Ayaṃ āvuso sabbo vihāro ahinā puṇṇo vātapānehi bhogā nikkhantāti. Atha kho so nāgo tena saddena pabujjhitvā sake āsane nisīdi. Bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu 『『koci tvaṃ āvuso』』ti. 『『Ahaṃ bhante nāgo』』ti. 『『Kissa pana tvaṃ āvuso evarūpaṃ akāsī』』ti. Atha kho so nāgo bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesī. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā taṃ nāgaṃ etadavoca 『『tumhe khvattha nāgā avirūḷhidhammā imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, gaccha tvaṃ nāga, tattheva cātuddase pannarase aṭṭhamiyā ca pakkhassa uposathaṃ upavasa, evaṃ tvaṃ nāgayoniyā parimuccissasi khippañca manussattaṃ paṭilabhissasī』』ti. Atha kho so nāgo 『『avirūḷhadhammo kirāhaṃ imasmiṃ dhammavinayeti dukkhī dummano assūni pavattayamāno vissaraṃ katvā pakkami. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi 『『dve me bhikkhave paccayā nāgassa sabhāvapātukammāya. Yadā ca sajātiyā methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevati, yadā ca vissaṭṭho niddaṃ okkamati. Ime kho bhikkhave dve paccayā nāgassa sabhāva pātukammāya. Tiracchānagato bhikkhave na upasampādetabbo, upasampanno nāsetabbo』』ti evaṃ tiracchānasseva pākaṭavattuttāti. Ettha ca pavattiyaṃ abhiṇhaṃ sabhāvapātukammadassanavasena 『『dve paccayā』』ti vuttaṃ. Nāgassa pana pañcasu kālesu sabhāvapātukammaṃ hoti paṭisandhikāle, tacapajahananakāle, sajātiyā methunakāle, vissaṭṭha niddokkamanakāle, cutikāleti. Nanu ca devāpi upasampadāya avatthuyeva, atha kasmā cattāro apāyikāva upasampadāya avatthūti vuttanti. Saccaṃ, tathāpi devānaṃ abhabbattā paṭivedhasāsanassa ṭhitattā te abhabbato visuṃ karaṇatthāya evaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 畜生是指任何非人類的存在,四惡道者都不是具足戒的合格事。他們因結生低劣而不能在教法中出家。若四惡道者都是具足戒的不合格事,為何不說其他而只說畜生是不合格事呢?因為其他的事例不顯著。如在正等覺者時期,有一位出生在畜生道的龍王厭惡、羞恥、厭棄龍的生存。那時這龍想:"以什麼方便我能脫離龍的生存,並快速得到人身呢?" 這龍又想:"這些釋迦子沙門是行法者、行正道者、行梵行者、說實語者、持戒者、具善法者。如果我在釋迦子沙門處出家,如是我能脫離龍的生存,並快速獲得人身。"於是這龍以青年婆羅門相貌靠近比丘們請求出家。比丘們為他授予出家和具足戒。 那時這龍與一位比丘同住在邊地精舍。那位比丘在後夜起來在露地經行。這時這龍在那比丘離開後放松入睡。整個精舍充滿蛇身,蛇身從窗戶伸出。那時這比丘想要進入精舍推開門,看見整個精舍充滿蛇身,蛇身從窗戶伸出。看見后恐懼大叫。比丘們跑來對那比丘說:"賢友,你為什麼大叫?""賢友們,這整個精舍充滿蛇身,蛇身從窗戶伸出。" 這時這龍被聲音驚醒,坐在自己的座位上。比丘們如是說:"賢友,你是什麼人?""尊者,我是龍。""賢友,你為什麼這樣做?"這時這龍將此事告訴比丘們。比丘們將此事告訴世尊。這時世尊因此因緣、因此事由召集比丘僧團,對那龍說:"你們龍在這法律中是不能增長的,去吧龍,就在那裡在十四日、十五日、八日守布薩,如是你將脫離龍的生存,並快速獲得人身。" 這時這龍想:"我在這法律中是不能增長的",憂愁、不悅、流淚、大叫而離去。這時世尊告訴比丘們:"諸比丘,有兩種因緣使龍顯露本性:當與同類行淫慾法時,當放鬆入睡時。諸比丘,這是使龍顯露本性的兩種因緣。諸比丘,不應為畜生授具足戒,已受具足戒者應驅逐。"如是隻有畜生的事例顯著。 這裡說"兩種因緣"是就現世中經常顯露本性而言。但龍在五個時候顯露本性:結生時、蛻皮時、與同類交合時、放鬆入睡時、死亡時。難道諸天也不是具足戒的不合格事嗎?為什麼說只有四惡道者是具足戒的不合格事呢?確實如此,但應知這樣說是爲了因諸天不能證悟而證悟教法仍住,而將他們分開作為不能得者。

Vakkhati hi samantapāsādikāya vinayaṭṭhakathāya mahāvagge 『『tiracchānagato bhikkhaveti ettha nāgo vā hotu supaṇṇamāṇavakādīnaṃ vā aññataro antamaso sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ upādāya yo koci amanussajātiyo sabbova imasmiṃ atthe tiracchānagatoti veditabbo』』ti, tena 『『tiracchānagatoti yokoci amanussabhūto』』ti vuttanti. Ettha cāha yadi nāgasupaṇṇā paṭisandhiyā lāmakā bhaveyya, atha kasmā vidhurajātake cattāro janā nāgasupaṇṇasakkadhanañcayakorabyesu bhavanesu taṃ tadeva ṭhānaṃ patthentā dānādīni puññāni karonti, tesu eko āyupariyosāne saputtadāro nāgabhavane nāgarājā hutvā nibbatti, eko supaṇṇabhavane simbalivimāne supaṇṇarājā hutvā nibbatti, eko tāvatiṃsabhavane sakko hutvā nibbatti, eko dhanañcayakorabyarañño aggamahesiyā kucchimhi nibbattīti catunnampi janānaṃ paṭisandhiyaṃ kusalakammeneva pavattabhāvo vutto yadi kusalakammena bhaveyya, 『『kusalā cetanā vipākānaṃ khandhānaṃ kaṭattā ca rūpānaṃ kammapaccayena paccayo』』ti imissāpi paṭṭhānapāḷiyā ahetukānampi paṭisandhikkhaṇe kammapaccayabhāvo vutto bhaveyya, na panevaṃ vattabbaṃ atha kathañcidaṃ paccetabbanti. Vuccate, nikantiyā balavattā sattavidhamethunasaṃyogattā ca aparisuddhā tesaṃ kusalacetanā, aparisuddhāyeva sugatibhūmiyaṃ janetuṃ na sakkonti. Duggatibhūmiyaṃ pavattamānāpi kammā yūhanakāle taṃ taṃ bhūmipatthanā taṇhāsampayuttāpubbabhāgacetanā balena tesu tiracchānabhūmīsu nibbattanti, na aññena akusalena. Evañhi patthitapatthanā siddhāpi bhaveyya. Yadi aññena akusalakammena bhaveyya, icchitapatthanāpi asiddhāva bhaveyya. Nikantica nāmesā balavajhānasampayuttacetanāpi paṭibāhituṃ sakkā tathā hi gopakadevadattassa ācariyasamaṇo jhānabalena brahmabhūmīsu anibbattitvā jhānaṃ paṭibāhitvā aññakammena gandhabbadevesuyeva uppajjati 『『sīlavato hi bhikkhave cetopaṇidhi samijjhati visuddhattā』』ti tesaṃ vitthāro dīghanikāye āgato, atthikehi tattha oloketabbo. Sattavidhamethunasaṃyogavasenāpi sattā dukkhato na muccanti vuttañhi bhagavatā 『『idha brāhmaṇa ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā sammā brahmacārī paṭijānamāno na heva kho mātugāmena saddhiṃ dvayaṃdvaya samāpattiṃ samāpajjati, api ca kho mātugāmassa ucchādanaṃ nhāpanaṃ parimaddanaṃ sambāhanaṃ sādiyati, so tadassādeti taṃ nikāmeti, tenacavittiṃ āpajjati. Idampikho brāhmaṇabrahmacariyassa khaṇḍampi chiddampi sabalampi kammāsampi. Ayaṃ vuccati brāhmaṇa aparisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati. Saṃyutto methunasaṃyogena na parimuccati jātiyā jarāmaraṇena…pe… na parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Punaca paraṃ brāhmaṇa idhekacco samaṇovā…pe… paṭijānamāno. Na heva kho mātugāmenasaddhiṃ dvayaṃdvayasamāpattiṃ samāpajjati, na pi mātugāmassa ucchādanaṃ…pe… sādiyati, api ca kho mātugāmena saddhiṃ saṃjagghati saṃkīḷati saṃkeḷāyati, so tadassādeti…pe… dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Punaca paraṃ brāhmaṇa idhekacco samaṇo vā…pe… na heva kho mātugāmena saddhiṃ samāpajjati. Napi mātugāmassa ucchādanaṃ sādiyati. Napi mātugāmena saddhiṃ saṃjagghati saṃkīḷati saṃkeḷāyati. Apica kho mātugāmassa cakkhuṃ upanijjhāyati pekkhati, so tadassādeti…pe… dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 因為在《一切歡喜》律注大品中將說:"'諸比丘,畜生'在這裡,無論是龍或者金翅鳥青年等任何一個,乃至包括帝釋天王,任何非人類都應在此義理中理解為畜生。"因此說"畜生是指任何非人類存在。" 這裡問:如果龍和金翅鳥因結生而低劣,那為何在《毗豆梨本生經》中四個人在龍、金翅鳥、帝釋、檀耶阇拘樓婆的住處,希求各自的地位而行佈施等功德,其中一人命終后與妻兒在龍宮成為龍王,一人在金翅鳥境沙羅樹宮成為金翅鳥王,一人在三十三天成為帝釋,一人生在檀耶阇拘樓婆王第一王后腹中,說四人的結生都是以善業而轉生?若是以善業,"善思是諸蘊異熟和所造色的業緣",此發趣論文中也說無因者在結生剎那有業緣性,但不應如此說,那麼如何接受這個呢? 答:因愛著強烈及有七種淫慾結合,他們的善思不清凈,不清凈者不能生在善趣地。即使在惡趣地轉生的業,在造作時以對各地的希求愛著相應的前分思力量,在那些畜生地出生,不是以其他不善業。如是所希求的願望也能成就。若以其他不善業,所欲的願望也不能成就。這愛著即使與強力禪那相應的思也能障礙,如瞿波迦提婆達多的師父以禪那力不生梵界,障礙禪那以其他業只生在乾闥婆天,如說"諸比丘,持戒者的心願能成就,因清凈的緣故",其詳細在長部中來,有需要者應在那裡檢視。 以七種淫慾結合,眾生不能脫離苦,因為世尊說:"在此,婆羅門,某沙門或婆羅門自稱完全梵行者,雖然不與女人二根交合,但是接受女人塗油、沐浴、按摩、撫摸,他喜愛它、欲求它、以此得滿足。婆羅門,這也是梵行的破損、裂缺、斑點、污點。婆羅門,這稱為行不清凈梵行,結合淫慾結合,不能解脫生、老死...不能解脫苦,我說。再者,婆羅門,在此某沙門或婆羅門...自稱...雖然不與女人二根交合,也不接受女人塗油...但是與女人一起笑、戲、玩樂,他喜愛它...不能解脫苦,我說。再者,婆羅門,在此某沙門或婆羅門...不與女人交合,不接受女人塗油,不與女人一起笑、戲、玩樂,但是以眼注視、觀看女人,他喜愛它...不能解脫苦,我說。"

Punaca paraṃ brāhmaṇa idhekacco samaṇovā brāhmaṇo vā…pe… na heva kho mātugāmena, na mātugāmassa, napi mātugāmena pekkhati. Api ca kho mātugāmassa saddaṃ suṇāti tirokuṭṭaṃvā tiropākāraṃvā hasantiyā vā bhaṇantiyā vā gāyantiyā vā rodantiyā vā, so tadassādeti…pe… dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Punaca paraṃ brāhmaṇa idhekacco samaṇo vā brahmaṇo vā…pe… naheva kho mātugāmena, napi mātugāmassa, napi mātugāmena, napi mātugāmassa rodantiyā vā…pe… api ca kho yānitāni pubbe mātugāmena saddhiṃ hasitalapitakīḷitāni anussarati. So tadassā deti…pe… dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Punaca paraṃ brāhmaṇa idhekacco samaṇo vā brahmaṇo vā…pe… na heva kho mātugāmena, napi mātugāmassa…pe… na pi yāni tāni pubbe mātugāmena saddhiṃ hasitalapitakīḷitāni anussarati, api ca kho gahapatiṃ vā gahapatiputtaṃ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi sahitaṃ samaṅgībhūtaṃ paricārayamānaṃ, so tadassādeti…pe… dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Punaca paraṃ brāhmaṇa…pe… na heva kho mātugāmena…pe… napi anussarati gahapatiṃ vā gahapatiputtaṃ vā paricārayamānaṃ, api ca kho aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapenavā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vāti, so tadassādeti , taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjati. Idaṃ kho brāhmaṇa brahmacariyassa khaṇḍampi chiddampi sabalampi kammāsampī』』ti evaṃ lābhādihetukena bhedena ca sattavidhamethunasaṃyogena khaṇḍādibhāvo saṅgahitoti veditabbo.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: "再者,婆羅門,在此某沙門或婆羅門...不與女人...不接受女人...不觀看女人。但是聽到女人的聲音,在墻后或圍墻后笑、說、唱、哭,他喜愛它...不能解脫苦,我說。再者,婆羅門,在此某沙門或婆羅門...不與女人...不接受女人...不與女人...不聽女人哭...但是憶念過去與女人一起笑、談、玩樂。他喜愛它...不能解脫苦,我說。 再者,婆羅門,在此某沙門或婆羅門...不與女人...不接受女人...也不憶念過去與女人一起笑、談、玩樂,但是看見居士或居士子具足受用五種欲功德,他喜愛它...不能解脫苦,我說。再者,婆羅門...不與女人...不憶念...不看居士或居士子受用,但是以愿生某天眾而修梵行:'以此戒或禁制或苦行或梵行,我將成為天神或某種天神',他喜愛它,欲求它,以此得滿足。婆羅門,這也是梵行的破損、裂缺、斑點、污點。"如是應知以利養等因的區分和七種淫慾結合而攝取破損等性質。

Mātughātake pana yena manussitthibhūtāpi ajanikā posā vanikā mātā vā mahāmātā vā cūḷamātā vā janikāpi amanussitthibhūtā mātā ghātitā, tassa pabbajjā na vāritā, na ca anantariko hoti. Tiracchānitthiyopi manussapurisamāgamma manussabhūtaṃ puttaṃ vijāyanti kontaputtā dvebhātikattherā viya tepi hi aṇḍajāyeva, tathā hi petaloke tiracchāne manusse cāti imesu tīsu bhūmīsu catasso yoniyo sambhavanti. Manussesu panettha kecideva opapātikā honti, seyyathāpi mahāpadumakumārādayo. Aṇḍajāpi konta puttā dvebhātikattherā viya. Vitthāro pana sīhaḷavatthusmiṃ oloketabbo. Ettha ca kontāti kinnarī, tassā puttā kontaputtā, sā hi rañño asokadhammarājassa kāle vanacarakena labhitvā manussasaṃvāsamāgamma dve putte vijāyitvā 『『idāni dārake pahāya na gamissatī』』ti saññāya vanacarako tassā potthaṃ adāsi, sā potthaṃ labhitvā pakkhanditvā sakaṭṭhānameva gatā kinnariyo hi potthaṃ vinā pakkhandituṃ na sakkonti, teneva tāpaso 『『mā potthaṃ assā adāsī』』ti āha. Kammapaccaya utusamuṭṭhānañhi tāsaṃ potthaṃ, rañño cakkavattissa cakkaratanaṃ viya, tathā hi cakkavattino vehāsagamanādi puññavato iddhināma, na tena cakkaratanaṃ vā hatthiassaratanaṃ vā vinā attano sabhāveneva gantuṃ sakkonti. Tattha cakkaratanaṃ rañño cakkavattissa kammabalena nibbattattā samuddamajjhe jāyamānampi kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma. Hatthiassaratanāni pana kammapaccayakammasamuṭṭhānāni nāma. Pakkhīnaṃ vehāsagamanādikā kammavipākajā iddhi. Kinnariyo pana potthaṃ vinā attano sabhāvena pakkhandituṃ na sakkonti, tasmā tāsaṃ potthaṃ kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Keci pana devānaṃ alaṅkārā viya paṭisandhiyā saha āgatoti vadanti, na taṃ paccetabbaṃ, aṇḍajajalābujānaṃ tathā asambhavato. Kecipi pavatti kāle katanti vadanti, tampi ayuttameva, saṃsedajāpi padumagabbhevā veḷugabbhe vā nibbattā pokkharasātibrāhmaṇapadumavatīveḷuvatīdevīādayo viya. Jalābujā pana pākaṭāyeva. Yena sayaṃ tiracchānabhūtena manussitthibhūtā mātā ghātitā, sopi ānantariko na hoti tiracchānagatattā panassa pabbajjā paṭikkhittā, kammaṃ panassa bhāriyaṃ hoti, ānantariyaṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati. Manussitthiyopi tiracchānamāgamma gabbhaṃ janenti, seyyathāpi bhūridattassa mātā itthiyo hi aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi gabbhaggahaṇaṃ hoti - ajjhācārena, kāyasaṃsaggena, coḷaggahaṇena, asucipānena, nābhiparāmasanena, rūpadassanena, saddena gandhenāti. Tattha ajjhācārena sudinnassa purāṇadutiyikā gabbhaṃ gaṇhitvā pacchimabhavikaṃ suvaṇṇabimbasadisaṃ bījakaṃ nāma puttaṃ vijāyi. Kadāci ekaccā utusamaye chandarāgarattā purisānaṃ hatthagāhaveṇigāhaaṅgapaccaṅgaparāmasanaṃ sādiyantiyopi gabbhaṃ gaṇhanti. Evaṃ kāyasaṃsaggena gabbhaggahaṇaṃ hoti. Udāyittherassa pana purāṇadutiyikā bhikkhunī taṃ asuciṃ ekadesaṃ mukhena aggahesi, ekadesaṃ coḷakeneva saddhiṃ aṅgajāte pakkhipi, sā tena gabbhaṃ gaṇhi. Evaṃ coḷaggahaṇena gabbhaggahaṇaṃ hoti. Migasiṅgatāpasassa mātā migī utusamaye tāpasassa passāvaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā sasambhavaṃ pivi, sā tena gabbhaṃ gaṇhitvā migasiṅgaṃ nāma tāpasadārakaṃ vijāyi. Evaṃ asucipānena gabbhaggahaṇaṃ hoti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 關於殺母者,若殺作為人類女性的非生母養母、繼母、大姨母、小姨母,或作為非人女性的生母,不禁止其出家,也不成為無間罪。畜生女性與人類男性結合也能生出人類之子,如金翅鳥之子兩兄弟長老,他們也是卵生者。因為在餓鬼界、畜生界、人界這三界中有四種生類。在人中只有一些是化生,如大蓮花王子等。卵生者如金翅鳥之子兩兄弟長老。詳細內容應在僧伽羅故事中檢視。 這裡"金翅"是指緊那羅女,她的兒子稱為金翅子。在阿育法王時,一個獵人得到她后與人類結合生下兩個兒子。認為"現在她不會丟下孩子離去",獵人給了她翅膀。她得到翅膀后飛走回到自己的地方。因為緊那羅女沒有翅膀不能飛,所以隱士說"不要給她翅膀"。她們的翅膀是業緣的時節所生,如轉輪王的輪寶。如是轉輪王的空中飛行等是福德神通,不能沒有輪寶或象馬寶而僅憑自性行走。其中輪寶因轉輪王的業力而生,即使生在海中也稱為業緣時節所生。像馬寶則稱為業緣業所生。鳥類的空中飛行等是業異熟生神通。但緊那羅女沒有翅膀不能憑自性飛行,所以應知她們的翅膀是業緣時節所生。 有些人說如諸天的裝飾品一樣與結生同來,這不應接受,因為卵生濕生者不可能如此。有些說是在現世所作,這也不合理。濕生者也在蓮胎或竹胎中出生,如蓮華足婆羅門、蓮華妃、竹華妃等。胎生者則顯而易見。若作為畜生者殺作為人類女性的母親,也不成為無間罪,但因是畜生而禁止出家,但他的業很重,接近無間罪。人類女性也能與畜生結合而懷孕,如布利達多的母親。 女人因八種原因受孕:交合、身體接觸、衣物接觸、飲不凈、觸臍、見相、聲音、香味。其中以交合,善生的前妻受孕生下名為種子的兒子,如黃金像般是最後有者。有時某些女人在經期對男人有欲貪,接受男人握手、握髮、撫摸肢體而受孕,如是以身體接觸受孕。優陀夷長老的前妻比丘尼用口含取他的不凈的一部分,一部分連同衣物放入生殖器,她因此受孕。如是以衣物接觸受孕。鹿角隱士的母親鹿在經期來到隱士小便處飲有精的尿,她因此受孕生下名為鹿角的小隱士。如是以飲不凈受孕。

Sāmassa pana bodhisattassa mātā utusamaye nābhiparāmasanena gabbhaṃ gaṇhitvā sāmatāpasadārakaṃ vijāyi, evaṃ maṇḍabyassa ca caṇḍapajjo tassa ca mātā utusamaye nābhiparāmasanavasena, tattha ca diṭṭhamaṅgalikāya nābhiparāmasanena maṇḍabyassa nibbatti ahosi. Caṇḍapajjotassa mātu nābhiyaṃ vicchiko pharitvā gato, tena caṇḍapajjotassa nibbatti ahosi. Idhekaccā itthī utusamaye purisasaṃsaggaṃ alabhamānā chandarāgavasena antogehegatāva purisaṃ upanijjhāyati, rājorodho viya, sā tena gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti. Evaṃ rūpadassanena gabbhaggahaṇaṃ hoti. Balākāsu pana purisonāma natthi, tā utusamaye meghasaddaṃ sutvā gabbhaṃ gaṇhanti. Gāvīeva vā kadāci usabhagandhena gabbhaṃ gaṇhanti. Evaṃ gandhena gabbhaggahaṇaṃ hoti. Evaṃ aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi itthiyo gabbhaṃ gaṇhanti. Ettha ca pitusadisāyeva puttā honti, tasmā bhūridattādayo dhataraṭṭhaṃ nāgarājānaṃ paṭicca nāgāyeva honti. Caṇḍapajjotassa pana vicchikaṃ paṭicca manusso jāto, sambhavena ajātattā. Pitughātakepi eseva nayo.

Arahantaghātako pana amanussa arahantadevataṃ vā manussajātiyaṃ vā avasesaṃ ariyapuggalaṃ ghātetvā anantariyo na hoti, pabbajjāpissa na vāritā, kammaṃ pana balavaṃ hoti. Tiracchāno pana amanussaarahantampi ghātetvā ānantariko na hoti, kammaṃ pana bhāriyaṃ tiracchānagatattā panassa pabbajjā vāritā. Bhikkhunidūsakasaṅghabhedakāni pākaṭāyeva.

Lohituppādako pana yo tathāgatassa abhejjakāyatāya parūpakkamena cammaṃ chinditvā lohitaṃ paggharituṃ na sakkoti, sarīrassa pana antoyeva ekasmiṃ ṭhāne lohitaṃ samosarati, āghātena patubbanamānaṃ sañcitaṃ hoti, tassa bahu apuññaṃ pasavati, ānantariko ca hoti, pabbajjāpissa vāritā, seyyathāpi devadatto. Yo pana jīvako viya rogavūpasamanatthaṃ phāletvā pūtimaṃsañca lohitañca nīharitvā phāsuṃ karoti, ayaṃ lohituppādako na hoti, bahupuññaṃ pasavati brahmapuññaṃ pasavati, seyyathāpi jīvakokomārabhacco.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 娑摩菩薩的母親在經期以觸控臍部受孕生下娑摩小隱士,如是曼達比和旃陀跋阇其母在經期以觸控臍部,其中見吉祥女以觸控臍部而有曼達比的出生。旃陀跋阇的母親臍部被蝎子爬過,因此有旃陀跋阇的出生。在此某些女人在經期得不到男人接觸,以欲貪在屋內注視男人,如宮女,她因此受孕。如是以見相受孕。 在白鷺中沒有所謂的雄性,它們在經期聽到雷聲而受孕。或者有時母牛聞公牛氣味而受孕。如是以香味受孕。如是女人以八種原因受孕。這裡兒子都與父親相似,所以布利達多等依持國龍王而成為龍。但旃陀跋阇依蝎子而生為人,因為未以結合而生。關於殺父者也是這個道理。 殺阿羅漢者若殺非人阿羅漢天神或在人類中的其餘聖者,不成為無間罪,也不禁止其出家,但業力強大。但畜生即使殺非人阿羅漢也不成為無間罪,但業很重,因為是畜生而禁止出家。污比丘尼和破僧很顯然。 出佛身血者,因如來身體不可破壞,以他人加害割破面板不能使血流出,但在身體內的某處血液凝聚,以惡意而顯現積聚,這造作許多非福,成為無間罪,也禁止其出家,如提婆達多。但如耆婆爲了治病而切開,取出腐肉和血液使安樂,這不是出血者,造作許多福德、梵福,如耆婆童子醫生。

Ubbhatobyañjanako pana itthi-purisavasena duvidho tattha itthiubhatobyañjanakassa itthinimittaṃ pākaṭaṃ, purisanimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ. Purisaubhatobyañjanakassa purisanimittaṃ pākaṭaṃ, itthinimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ. Itthiubhatobyañjanakassa itthīsu purisattaṃ karontassa itthinimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ hoti, purisanimittaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. Purisaubhatobyañjanakassa purisānaṃ itthibhāvaṃ upagacchantassa purisanimittaṃ paṭicchannaṃ hoti, itthinimittaṃ pākaṭaṃ. Itthiubhatobyañjanako sayañca gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti, parañca gaṇhāpeti. Purisa ubhato byañjanako pana sayaṃ na gaṇhāti, paraṃ gaṇhāpeti. Idameva tesaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ. Ubhatobyañjananti cettha 『『byañjananti nimittaṃ. Ubhato byañjanaṃ assa atthīti viggahena 『『ubhatobyañja』』nti vakkhatha, ekassa dve indriyāni honti, atha ekamevāti. Ekameva na dve, 『『yassa itthindriyaṃ uppajjati, tassa purisindriyaṃ uppajjatīti no. Yassa vā pana purisindriyaṃ uppajjati, tassa itthindriyaṃ uppajjatīti noti ekasmiṃ santāne indriya dvayassa paṭisevitattā. Tañca kho itthiubhatobyañjanakassa itthindriyaṃ, purisaubhatobyañjanakassa purisindriyamevāti. Yadi ekameva indriyaṃ, evaṃ ubhatobyañjanakabhāvo kathaṃ siyā. Indriyaṃ byañjanakāraṇanti vuttaṃ, tañca tassa natthīti. Vuccate na itthindriyaṃ purisabyañjanassa kāraṇaṃ, tathā purisindriyampi itthibyañjanakassa, kasmā sadā abhāvatoti, tathā hi itthi ubhatobyañjanakassa yadā itthiyā rattaṃ hoti, tadā purisabyañjanaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, itthibyañjanaṃ paṭicchannaṃ tathā purisaubhatobyañjanakassapi. Yadi tesaṃ indriyadvayaṃ byañjanānaṃ kāraṇaṃ bhaveyya, sadā byañjana dvayaṃ ekato tiṭṭheyya na pana tiṭṭhati, tasmā ekameva indriyanti niṭṭhametthāva gantabbaṃ. Byañjanakāraṇaṃ indriyaṃ pahāya rāgacittamevettha byañjanadvayassa kāraṇanti daṭṭhabbaṃ, tasmā itthiubhatobyañjanako sayampi gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti, parampi gaṇhāpeti, purisaubhatobyañjanako paraṃ gaṇhāpeti, sayaṃ pana na gaṇhāti, itthindriyasamaṅgisseva gabbhasambhavatoti. Kurundiyaṃ pana 『『yadi paṭisandhiyaṃ purisaliṅgaṃ, pavatte itthiliṅgaṃ nibbattati, yadi paṭisandhiyaṃ itthiliṅgaṃ, pavatte purisaliṅgaṃ nibbatī』』ti paṭisandhiyaṃ liṅgasambhavo vutto, so ayuttova. Kasmā, pavattiyaṃyeva itthiliṅgādīni samuṭṭhahanti. Paṭisandhiyameva samuṭṭhāti, na liṅgādīni. Indriyameva liṅganti na sakkā vattuṃ, indriyaliṅgānaṃ bhinnasabhāvattā, yathā ca bīje sati rukkho sambhavati, nāsati, evameva indriye sati liṅgādīni sambhavanti bījasadisañhi indriyaṃ, rukkhasadisāni liṅgādīni evameva tesu puggalesu paṇḍakādayo ekādasapuggalā tasmiṃ yeva bhave niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ na arahanti, tasmā abhabbā nāma. Ūnavīsati antimavatthuajjhāpannapubbā dve upasampadāya avatthumattameva, upanissaye sati tasmiṃyeva bhave niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ arahanti, tasmā bhabbānāma honti.

Vatthusampattikathā niṭṭhitā.

Ñattisampatti nāma.

『『Sithilaṃ dhanitañca dīgharassaṃ, garukaṃ lahukañca niggahitaṃ;

Sambandhaṃ vavatthitaṃ vimuttaṃ, dasadhā byañjanabuddhiyā pabhedo』』ti.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 雙性人以女性和男性分為兩種。其中女雙性人的女性器官明顯,男性器官隱藏。男雙性人的男性器官明顯,女性器官隱藏。當女雙性人對女性表現男性性行為時,女性器官隱藏,男性器官明顯。當男雙性人對男性表現女性性質時,男性器官隱藏,女性器官明顯。女雙性人能自己懷孕,也能使他人懷孕。但男雙性人自己不能懷孕,只能使他人懷孕。這是他們的區別。 這裡"雙性"中,"性"是指性器官。"具有雙性"是說"他有雙性"的解釋,稱為"雙性"。一個人有兩種根,還是隻有一種?只有一種不是兩種,"若生起女根,是否生起男根?不是。或者若生起男根,是否生起女根?不是。"因為在一個相續中不能兼有兩種根。而且女雙性人只有女根,男雙性人只有男根。若只有一種根,那麼如何成為雙性人?已說根是性相的原因,而他沒有這個。 答:女根不是男性相的原因,同樣男根也不是女性相的原因,為什麼?因為不是常有。如是當女雙性人對女性有欲時,男性相明顯,女性相隱藏,男雙性人也是如此。若他們的兩種根是性相的原因,兩種性相應常時同在,但並非如此,所以應在此得出結論:只有一種根。應知捨棄根作為性相的原因,這裡欲心才是雙性相的原因。所以女雙性人自己能懷孕也能使他人懷孕,男雙性人能使他人懷孕但自己不能懷孕,因為只有具女根者能懷孕。 但在《古氏義注》中說:"若結生時是男相,現世生起女相,若結生時是女相,現世生起男相",說性相在結生時產生,這是不合理的。為什麼?因為女相等只在現世生起。在結生時生起的只是根,不是性相等。不能說根就是性相,因為根和性相性質不同。如有種子樹才生長,無則不生,如是有根性相等才生起,因為根如種子,性相等如樹。如是在那些人中,黃門等十一種人在那一世不能證入決定,所以稱為不能得者。未滿二十歲和曾犯極重罪的兩種人只是具足戒的不合格事,若有近依,在那一世能證入決定,所以稱為能得者。 事項圓滿論述完畢。 羯磨圓滿即: "松音和緊音,長音和短音, 重音和輕音,鼻音, 相連和分立和離聲, 十種是文字的區別認知。"

Evaṃ vuttaṃ dasavidhaṃ byañjanaṃ apekkhitvā vā evaṃ asakkontenāpi sithiladhanita vimuttaniggahitavasena vuttāni byañjanāni akopetvā vā duruttaṃ vā akatvā vuttaṃ ñattisampatti nāma. Ñattivipatti nāma sabbaso ñattiṃ aṭṭhapetvā vā vatthusaṅghapuggalañattīnaṃ aparāmasanāni pacchā ñattiṭṭhapanañcāti ime tāva pañca ñattidosā. Tattha ayaṃ itthanāmoti upasampadāpekkhassa api akittanaṃ vatthuaparāmasanaṃ nāma. Suṇātu me bhante saṅghoti ettha suṇātu me bhanteti vatvā saṅghoti abhaṇanaṃ saṅghaaparāmasanaṃ nāma. Itthannāmassa upasampadāpekkhoti upajjhāyassa akittanaṃ puggalaaparāmasanaṃ nāma. Sabbena sabbaṃ ñattiyā anuccāraṇaṃ ñattiaparāmasanaṃ nāma. Paṭhamaṃ kammavācaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā esā ñattīti vatvā khamati saṅghassāti evaṃ ñatti kittanaṃ pacchā ñattiṭṭhapanaṃ nāma. Iti ime pañca ñattidosā ñattivipatti nāma. Imehi dosehi vimuttāya ñattiyā sampannaṃ ñattisampatti nāma.

Ñattisampattikathā niṭṭhitā.

這是完整的中文直譯: 如此所說的十種音聲要素,或者考慮到無法如此進行時,也不違背松音、濁音、解脫音、鼻音等音聲要素,或者不造成錯誤發音,這就稱為白羯磨成就。所謂白羯磨過失,即完全不立白羯磨,或者不涉及事項、僧團、人物之白羯磨,以及後置白羯磨等這五種白羯磨過失。其中,不宣說"某某名"這位求受具足戒者,稱為不涉及事項。在"大德僧團請聽"這裡,說了"大德請聽"之後不說"僧團",稱為不涉及僧團。不宣說"某某名的求受具足戒者"之依止師,稱為不涉及人物。完全不誦白羯磨,稱為不涉及白羯磨。先完成羯磨文后說"這是白羯磨",然後說"僧團是否同意",如此宣說白羯磨稱為後置白羯磨。如是這五種白羯磨過失稱為白羯磨過失。遠離這些過失的白羯磨稱為白羯磨成就。 白羯磨成就之論終。

Anusāvanasampatti nāma vatthu saṅghapuggalānaṃ aparāmasanāni, sāvanāya hāpanaṃ, akāle sāvananti ime pañca anusāvanadose vajjetvā kathanaṃ anusāvanasampatti nāma. Tattha vatthādīnaṃ aparāmasanāni ñattiyaṃ vuttasadisāneva. Tīsu pana anusāvanāsu yattha katthaci etesaṃ aparāmasanaṃ aparāmasanameva. Sabbena sabbaṃ pana kammavācaṃ avatvā catukkhattuṃ ñattikittanameva vā kammavācabbhantarepi cattāri byañjanāni kopetvā vā akkharassa vā padassa vā duruccāraṇaṃ vā katvā sāvanaṃ sāvanāya hāpanaṃ nāma, tathā hi sithiladhanitavimuttaniggahitavasena cattāri byañjanāni antokammavācāya kammaṃ kopenti. Tattha 『『suṇātu me ti sithile vattabbe suṇāthu me』』ti vacanaṃ sithile dhanitaṃ nāma. 『『Bhante』』ti vattabbe bhanteti vacanaṃ dhanite sithilaṃ nāma. 『『Suṇātu esā ñattī』』ti vattabbe 『『suṇantu esaṃ ñattī』』ti vacanaṃ vimutte niggahitaṃ nāma. 『『Pattakalla』』nti vattabbe 『『pattakallā』』ti vacanaṃ niggahite vimuttaṃ nāma. Evaṃ imāni cattāri byañjanāni antokammavācāya kammaṃ dūsenti. Imāni cattāri akopetvā vadantenāpi aññasmiṃ akkhare vattabbe aññaṃ akkharaṃ vadanto duruttaṃ karoti nāma. Itaresu dīgharassādīsu chasu ṭhānesu dīghaṭṭhāne dīghaṃ, rassaṭṭhāne rassamevāti evaṃ yathāṭhāne taṃ tadeva akkharaṃ bhāsantena anukkamāgataṃ paveṇiṃ avināsetvā kammavācā kātabbā. Sace pana evaṃ akatvā dīghe vattabbe rassaṃ, rasse vattabbe dīghaṃ vadati, tathā garuke vattabbe lahukaṃ, lahuke vattabbe garukaṃ vadati. Sambandhe vā vattabbe vavatthitaṃ, vavatthite vā vattabbe sambandhaṃ vadati, evampi kammavācā na kuppati. Imāni cha byañjanāni kammaṃ na kopenti. Idameva ācariyānaṃ samānakathā. Apare pana idāni byañjanāni antokammavācāya kammaṃ dūsentīti vadanti, evaṃ sati anupasampannāva bahutarā bhaveyyuṃ, vīmaṃsitvā pana gahetabbaṃ. Suṭṭhutarā vā kammavācā sikkhitabbā. Sāvanāya anokāse paṭhamaṃ ñattiṃ aṭṭhapetvā anusāvanaṃ akāle sāvanaṃ nāma. Iti imehi dosehi vimuttāya anusāvanāya sampannaṃ anusāvanasampattisampannaṃ nāma. Yadi pattacīvararahitaṃ puggalaṃ upasampādeti, 『『paripuṇṇassa pattacīvara』』nti anusāvanāya katattā kammakopo na hoti, kārakasaṅgho pana sātisāro tenevāha vimativinodaniyampi pattacīvarānaṃ abhāvepi』paripuṇṇassa pattacīvara』nti kammavācāya sāvitattā kammakopaṃ avatvā dukkaṭameva vuttanti. Sace anupajjhāyako upasampādeti, 『『itthannāmassa upasampadāpekkho, itthannāmena upajjhāyenā』』ti vā upajjhāyaṃ sāveti, sūpasampannova hoti. Upajjhāyaṃ na sāveti nupasampanno. Vakkhati hi vimativinodaniyaṃ 『『kammaṃ na kuppatīti idaṃ upajjhāyābhāvepi itthannāmassa upasampadāpekkho itthannāmena upajjhāyenā』』ti matassa vā vibbhamantassa vā purāṇaupajjhāyassa vā yassa kassaci avijjamānassāpi nāmena sabbattha upajjhāyakittanassa katattā vuttaṃ. Yadi hi upajjhāyakittanaṃ na kareyya,』puggalaṃ na parāmasatī』ti vuttakammavipattieva siyā, teneva pāḷiyaṃ 『『anupajjhāyakanti vutta』』nti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 所謂宣告成就,即避免以下五種宣告過失:不涉及事項、僧團、人物,減損宣告,不當時宣告,這稱為宣告成就。其中不涉及事項等與前述白羯磨中所說相同。而在三次宣告中,在任何地方不涉及這些都是不涉及。完全不誦羯磨文而只宣說四次白羯磨,或在羯磨文中違背四種音聲要素,或錯誤發音音節或詞語而進行宣告,稱為減損宣告。如是,在羯磨文中松音、濁音、解脫音、鼻音等四種音聲要素會破壞羯磨。其中,應說"請聽我"(松音)而說"請聽我"(濁音)稱為松音說成濁音。應說"大德"(濁音)而說"大德"(松音)稱為濁音說成松音。應說"請聽此白羯磨"而說"請聽彼白羯磨"稱為解脫音說成鼻音。應說"適時"而說"適時"(變化音)稱為鼻音說成解脫音。如是這四種音聲要素在羯磨文中會污損羯磨。即使不違背這四種音聲要素,在應說某個音節時說了另一個音節,這就稱為錯誤發音。在其他六種情況,即長音、短音等中,長音處應說長音,短音處應說短音,如是在相應處說相應的音節,不破壞傳承次序而作羯磨文。如果不這樣做,在應說長音處說短音,在應說短音處說長音,同樣在應說重音處說輕音,在應說輕音處說重音,在應說連音處說分音,在應說分音處說連音,如此羯磨文也不會破壞。這六種音聲要素不會破壞羯磨。這是諸大師的共同說法。其他人則說現在音聲要素在羯磨文中會污損羯磨,如果是這樣,未受具足戒者就會很多,應當仔細考察后再接受。或者應當更好地學習羯磨文。不在宣告時機,先不立白羯磨而宣告,稱為不當時宣告。如是遠離這些過失的宣告稱為具足宣告成就。如果為沒有缽衣的人授具足戒,由於在宣告中說了"具足缽衣",不會破壞羯磨,但作羯磨的僧團有過失。因此在《疑惑消除》中說:即使沒有缽衣,因為在羯磨文中宣說"具足缽衣",不說破壞羯磨,只說突吉羅。如果無依止師授具足戒,而宣說"某某名求受具足戒者,某某名為依止師",也是善受具足戒。不宣說依止師則非受具足戒。因為《疑惑消除》中將說:"羯磨不破壞",這是因為即使沒有依止師,也說"某某名求受具足戒者,某某名為依止師",或已死亡,或還俗,或舊依止師,或任何不存在者的名字,在所有情況下都宣說依止師之故。如果不宣說依止師,就會如所說"不涉及人物"的羯磨過失,因此在聖典中說"無依止師"。

Sace saṅghupajjhāyena gaṇupajjhāyena upasampādeti, kārakasaṅgho sātisāro, kammaṃ pana na kuppati, vakkhati hi vimativinodaniyaṃ 『『saṅghena upajjhāyenā』』ti ayaṃ itthannāmo saṅghassa upasampadāpekkho, itthannāmo saṅghaṃ upasampadaṃ yācati. Saṅghena upajjhāyenā』』ti evaṃ kammavācāya saṅghameva upajjhāyaṃ kittetvāti attho. Evaṃ』gaṇena upajjhāyenā』ti etthāpi ayaṃ itthannāmogaṇassa upasampadāpekkho』ti ādinā yojanā veditabbā. Evaṃ vuttepi kammaṃ na kuppati eva, dukkaṭasseva vuttattā, aññathā so ca puggalo anupasampannoti vadeyyā』ti. Sace paṇḍakādinā anupasampannakena upajjhāyena upasampādeti, te vajjetvā pañcavaggādigaṇo hatthapāsaṃ avijahitvā pūrati, kammaṃ na kuppati, kārakasaṅgho pana sātisāro tena vuttaṃ vimativinodaniyaṃ 『『paṇḍakādīhi upajjhāyehi kariyamānesu paṇḍakādikena vināva pañcavaggādigaṇo pūrati, kammaṃ na kuppati. Itarathā kuppatī』』ti. Sace cattāro ācariyā ekato anusāventi, ettha pana kathanti vuccate, sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu dvīhi vā tīhi vā ācariyehi visuṃ visuṃ ekena ekassāti ekappahāreneva dve tisso vā kammavācā kātabbā. Sace pana nānācariyā nānupajjhāyā honti, tissatthero sumanattherassa saddhivihārikaṃ, sumanatthero tissattherassa saddhivihārikaṃ anusāveti, gaṇapūrakā honti vaṭṭati. Sace pana nānupajjhāyā honti, eko ācariyo hoti, natveva』nānupajjhāyenā』ti paṭikkhittattā na vaṭṭatīti ettakameva vuttaṃ. Catunnaṃ pana janānaṃ vicāraṇakathāya nāpi kammavipattichāyā dissati, tathāpi na kattabbameva, sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu avicāritattā. Sace vatthālaṅkārādisahitaparūḷhakesamassuṃ upasampādeti, sūpasampannova hoti, pacchā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetuṃ vaṭṭati terasavatthuvimuttattā sampatti yevetthapamāṇattā ca.

Anusāvanasampattikathā niṭṭhitā.

Idāni sīmavisodhaniṃ nāma, nānāganthasamāhanti imissā gāthāya saṃvaṇṇanākkamo anuppatto.

Paññāva sabbañeyyesu, dayā yassa mahesino;

Anantesupi sattesu, pavattittha yathāruci.

Tāya ussāhito satthā, bhikkhūnaṃ hitakāraṇaṃ;

Yaṃ sīmaṃ anujānāti, tattha pañho pavattati.

Dveḷhakā saṃsayā honti, dese sabbattha bhikkhavo;

Ganthāpi visamā honti, attanomatikāraṇā.

Yadi me īdisaṃ vādaṃ, sutvāvupekkhako bhave;

Pabbajjā nipphalā mayhaṃ, vare sambuddhasāsane;

Gambhīro nipuṇo attho, sabbaññujinagocaro.

Sāriputto mahāpañño, therassapi avisayo;

Kathaṃ tvaṃ sakkuṇeyyāsi, sabbaññujinagocare;

Iti me upavadeyyuṃ, dharateva mahāmuni.

Pāliphullo mahāsālo, ucco merunagūpamo;

Parinibbānakālamhi, sambuddho iccamabravi.

Mā tvaṃ ānanda rodasi, mā tvaṃ ānanda socasi;

Ahamekova nibbāyi, dharanteva bahū buddhā.

Sambuddhā caturāsīti, sahassāni imāni te;

Ovadissanti tvaṃ bhikkhu, katapuññosi hohisi.

Vare sāṭṭhakathe pāḷi, ṭhite sabbaññugocare;

Nibbutopi sambuddho, asuññova pajaṃ imaṃ.

Evāhaṃ cintayitvāna, rattidivaṃ atandito;

Dharanteyeva sambuddhe, bhinnavādo avisayo.

Taṃ vādaṃ bhindayitvāna, jahitvā vattanomatiṃ;

Vissajjissamahaṃ dāni, ciraṃ saddhammasuddhiyāti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 如果由僧團依止師或眾多依止師授具足戒,作羯磨的僧團有過失,但羯磨不破壞。因為《疑惑消除》中將說:"'以僧團為依止師',這某某名是僧團的求受具足戒者,某某名向僧團請求具足戒。'以僧團為依止師',如是在羯磨文中宣說僧團為依止師的意思。如是'以眾多[比丘]為依止師'也應當這樣理解:'這某某名是眾多[比丘]的求受具足戒者'等。即使這樣說,羯磨也不破壞,因為只說是突吉羅,否則應當說那個人未受具足戒。"如果由黃門等未受具足戒者為依止師授具足戒,除去他們而五眾等滿足且不離開伸手所及處,羯磨不破壞,但作羯磨的僧團有過失。因此在《疑惑消除》中說:"由黃門等為依止師作[羯磨]時,除去黃門等而五眾等滿足,羯磨不破壞。否則就破壞。"如果四位阿阇梨一起宣告,這裡怎麼說呢?在一切註釋書中說:由二位或三位阿阇梨各自為一人,應當一次性作二或三次羯磨文。如果是不同阿阇梨不同依止師,帝須長老為須摩那長老的共住弟子宣告,須摩那長老為帝須長老的共住弟子宣告,作為滿足人數者是可以的。如果是不同依止師而只有一位阿阇梨,由於已禁止"不同依止師",是不可以的,只說到這裡。關於四個人的考察之論,連羯磨過失的影子都看不到,但也不應當這樣做,因為在一切註釋書中都未考察過。如果為蓄留頭髮鬍鬚並穿戴衣飾等的人授具足戒,也是善受具足戒,之後剃除頭髮鬍鬚,披著袈裟衣是可以的,因為已離十三事且只以[羯磨]成就為準。 宣告成就之論終。 現在到了解釋"凈化界場為名,從諸書整合"這偈頌的次第。 智慧於一切所知,大仙具有慈悲心; 無量眾生皆隨意,流轉於此世間中。 由此精進導師尊,為諸比丘作利益; 所允許的界場法,其中問題今當說。 比丘眾在諸方域,二分疑惑常生起; 諸書義理不相同,各執己見為其因。 若聞我如是言說,仍能保持舍心者; 我于最勝佛教中,出家將成無果報。 甚深微妙之義理,唯佛遍知所行境; 舍利弗具大智慧,上座尚且非境界。 你怎能知曉通達,遍知佛陀所行境; 如是他們將誹謗,大牟尼尚在世時。 如同高大娑羅樹,開花高聳似須彌; 正等覺者涅槃時,如是宣說此言教。 阿難你莫要悲傷,阿難你莫要憂愁; 雖我獨入般涅槃,諸多佛陀仍住世。 八萬四千正等覺,這些[佛陀]皆存在; 教導於你比丘眾,你已作福當成就。 殊勝律藏有註釋,住于遍知[佛]境界; 雖正等覺入涅槃,此眾不空無依怙。 我如是思維此事,日夜精進不懈怠; 正等覺者住世時,異說非其所行境。 我今破除彼異說,舍離自意所執著; 為令正法久清凈,當解說此[界場法]。

Tattha sīmavisodhani'nti sīmavipattijahanaṃ sīmavipattiṃ pahāya sampattilakkhaṇappakāsakaṃ pakaraṇaṃ karissanti attho. Tattha sīmāti pannarasavidhā sīmā. Katame pannarasa. Khaṇḍasīmā, upacārasīmā, samānasaṃvāsasīmā, avippavāsasīmā, lābhasīmā, gāmasīmā, nigamasīmā, nagarasīmā, abbhantarasīmā, udakukkhepasīmā, janapadasīmā, raṭṭhasīmā, rajjasīmā, dīpasīmā, cakkavāḷasīmā』ti. Tattha khaṇḍasīmā nāma pabbajjupasampadādīnaṃ saṅghakammānaṃ sukhakaraṇatthaṃ mahāsīmāya vā gāmakhette vā khaṇḍitvā paricchinditvā sammatā. Tassāvitthāro ''paṭhamaṃ nimittā kittetabbā''ti ādinā dvāsattatippabhedāya samantapāsādikāya vinayaṭṭhakathāya mahāvagge vutto, idha vuttopi tatheva vutto bhaveyya, tasmā na vakkhāma, duviññeyyaṭṭhānameva kiñciṭhānaṃ nīharitvā pākaṭaṃ karissāma. Tattha sace pana heṭṭhā uparimassa sīmāparicchedassa parato anto leṇaṃ hoti, bahi sīmā na otarati. Athāpi uparimassa sīmāparicchedassa orato bahi leṇaṃ hoti, antosīmā na otaratīti ime dve ekatthā byañjanameva nānaṃ. Ayañhetthatthouparimassa sīmāparicchedassa orimabhāgato heṭṭhā pabbatapāde umaṅgasaṇṭhānena pabbatapasse vijjhitvā leṇaṃ hoti, sīmāparicchedassa parato leṇe ca leṇassa bahibhūte heṭṭhā pabbate ca bhūmibhāge sīmā na otarati, leṇassa upariyeva sīmā hotīti. Tassa uparimassa sīmāparicchedassa orimabhāgato bahibhūte heṭṭhā pabbatapāde umaṅgasaṇṭhānena vijjhitvā pabbatapasse leṇaṃ athāpi hoti, leṇe ca leṇassa parabhūte heṭṭhā pabbate ca bhūmibhāge sīmā na otarati, leṇassa uparibhāge va sīmā hotīti. Esā ca vicāraṇā vimativinodaniyampi katā. Anto ti pabbatassa anto, pabbatamūleti attho. Tameva antosaddaṃ sīmāparicchedena visesetuṃ 『『uparimassa sīmāparicchedassa parato』』ti vuttaṃ. Pabbatapādaṃ pana apekkhitvā 『『orato』』ti vattabbepi sīmānissayaṃ pabbataggaṃ sandhāya 『『parato』』ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ teneva bahileṇanti ettha bahisaddaṃ visesento 『『uparimassa sīmāparicchedassa orato』』ti āha. Bahi sīmā na otaratīti ettha bahī ti pabbatapādeleṇaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Leṇassa bahibhūte upari sīmāparicchedassa heṭṭhābhāge sīmā na otaratīti attho. Antosīmāti leṇassa ca pabbatapādassa ca anto attano otaraṇārahaṭṭhāne na otaratīti attho. Bahi sīmā na otaratīti attho, sīmā na otaratī ti cettha attano otaraṇārahaṭṭhāne leṇabhāvena sīmā sabbathā 『『anotaraṇameva dassitanti gahetabbaṃ. Tattha pi anotaraṇanti uparieva sīmā hotī』』ti vimativinodanī. Keci pana veḷususiro viya susirameva leṇanti vadanti, taṃ ayuttaṃ.

這是完整的中文直譯: 其中"凈化界場"即舍離界場過失,捨棄界場過失后將作說明成就相的論著,這是其意義。其中"界場"是十五種界場。哪十五種?破界場、近行界場、同住界場、不離宿界場、利養界場、村界場、鎮界場、城界場、內部界場、水界限界場、地區界場、國界場、王國界場、洲界場、輪圍界場。其中所謂破界場,是爲了容易進行出家、受具足戒等僧團羯磨,在大界場或村域中劃分界定而結界的。其詳細內容如"首先應宣說界相"等,在七十二種分類的《一切歡喜》律注中大品已說,這裡說的也會是同樣的,所以我們不說,只取出一些難以理解的地方使之明顯。其中如果在上部界場界限的另一邊內部有洞窟,界場不下延到外部。又如果在上部界場界限的此邊外部有洞窟,界場不下延到內部。這兩句意義相同,只是文字不同。這裡的意思是:從上部界場界限的此邊下方山腳,以地道形狀穿透山壁有洞窟,在界場界限的另一邊的洞窟和洞窟外部的下方山地上界場不下延,只在洞窟上方有界場。從那上部界場界限的此邊外部下方山腳,以地道形狀穿透山壁有洞窟,在洞窟和洞窟另一邊的下方山地上界場不下延,只在洞窟上部有界場。這種考察在《疑惑消除》中也做過。"內部"即山的內部,意思是山根。爲了用界場界限來特指那個"內"字,說"在上部界場界限的另一邊"。雖然針對山腳應該說"此邊",但考慮到依界場的山頂而說"另一邊",應當如是理解。因此在"外部洞窟"這裡,為特指"外"字而說"在上部界場界限的此邊"。在"界場不下延到外部"這裡,"外部"是就山腳洞窟而說的。在洞窟外部上部界場界限的下方界場不下延,這是其意思。"內部界場"即在洞窟和山腳內部自己應當下延的地方不下延,這是其意思。"界場不下延到外部"的意思是,界場不下延,這裡由於洞窟的緣故,界場在自己應當下延的地方完全"不下延",應當如此理解。其中"不下延"即只在上方有界場,如《疑惑消除》所說。有些人說洞窟就像竹管那樣只是孔洞,那是不正確的。

Upacārasīmā nāma gāmāraññanigamādivasā yāva brahmalokā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ nivāsagehassa vā devavimānakapparukkhādīnaṃ vā upacārārahaṭṭhānameva upacārasīmā te idha nādhippetā, bhikkhūnaṃ avisayatāya . Yaṃ pana padesaṃ paricchinditvā pariveṇaṃ katvā pākārādiparikkhittaṃ vā katvā aparikkhittepi upacārārahaṭṭhānaṃ paricchinditvā vā yasmiṃ padese bhikkhū vasanti, ayameva upacārasīmāti adhippetā. Bhikkhūnaṃ vassūpagamanakathinatthārakaraṇaṭṭhānattā, tathā hi 『『kathinatthatasīmāya』』nti upacārasīmaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, khandhasīmāya tatruppādābhāvatoti tīsupi gaṇṭhipadesu vuttaṃ. Tatruppādenā bhatanti vihārasantakena khettavatthuādinā ābhataṃ kiñci saṅghikaṃ cīvaraṃ uppajjati, taṃ tesaṃ kathinatthārakabhikkhūnaṃ yeva bhavissatīti yojanā kātabbā. Khettavatthuādinā ti ettha ādisaddena matakacīvaraṃ vā hotu saṃghaṃ uddissa dinnaṃ vā saṅghikena vā ti mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmiṃ upacārasīme pavattacīvaraṃ sabbaṃ saṅgaṇhāti, teneva 『『tena kho pana samayena aññatarena upāsakena saṅghaṃ uddissa vihāro kārito hoti, so tassa vihārassa kate ubhatosaṅghassa akālacīvaraṃ dātukāmo hoti. Tena kho pana samayena ubhatosaṅghassa kathinaṃ atthataṃ hoti. Atha kho so upāsako saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā kathinuddhāraṃ yācī』』ti imasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ ānisaṃsapasambhanatthaṃ kathinuddhāraṃ bhagavatā paññattaṃ, teneva thullanandā bhikkhunī ānisaṃsaṃ appaṭippassambhentā cīvaraṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatīti kathinuddhāraṃ paṭibāhi, tasmā kathinatthatasīmāyaṃ anuddhaṭe kathine yāva phagguṇapuṇṇamā pañca māsā etthantare matakacīvaraṃ vā hotu cātuddisaṃ saṅghaṃ uddissa matānaṃ ñātijanānaṃ vā, bhikkhāpaññattiyā vā vihāramahādikiccena vā yenakenaci ākārena saṅghikaṃ cīvaraṃ dinnaṃ hoti, taṃ sabbaṃ tesaṃ kathinatthārakabhikkhūnaṃyeva hoti. Chinnavassānaṃ vā pacchimikāya upagatānaṃ vā tattha sampattānaṃ sīmaṭṭhakabhikkhūnaṃ vā na hoti. Ajānitvā ce gaṇhanti dātabbameva. Yadi taṃ cīvaraṃ taṇḍulādikhādanīyabhojanaṃ karoti, itaresampi hotiyeva. Kasmāti ce ānisaṃsa vigatattā. Teneva gaṇapūraṇavasena sampattānaṃ chinnaṃ vassānaṃ vā pacchimikāya upagatānaṃ vā aññasmiṃ vihāre vutthavassanaṃ vā khādanīyabhojanīyādīni pāpuṇanti. Kathinatthatasāṭakassa dānakammavācā pana khaṇḍasīmāyameva vaṭṭasi. Tasmiṃ vihāre asati aññavihāre baddhasīmāya vā udakukkhepasīmādīsu vā kātabbameva.

這是完整的中文直譯: 所謂近行界場,是依村、林、鎮等,乃至梵世,那些眾生的居所或天宮、如意樹等的適合近行處就是近行界場,這些不是這裡所要說的,因為不是比丘的境界。而劃定區域作為住處,或者建造圍墻等圍護,或者即使未圍護也劃定適合近行的區域,比丘們住在這樣的區域,這才是這裡所說的近行界場。因為這是比丘們安居和敷展迦絺那衣的處所,因此說"已敷展迦絺那衣的界場"是指近行界場,因為在破界場中沒有[衣物]生起,如三部義疏所說。"以生起[而得]"即由精舍所有的田地等帶來的任何僧團衣物生起,那將屬於那些敷展迦絺那衣的比丘們,應當如此理解。"田地等"這裡的"等"字,如《大註釋》中所說,包括亡者衣或專為僧團所施或僧團所有[的衣物]。在那近行界場中所生起的衣物都包含在內,因此"爾時,有一優婆塞為僧團建造精舍,他想在那精舍建成時供養兩部僧團非時衣。爾時兩部僧團已敷展迦絺那衣。於是那優婆塞前往僧團請求收起迦絺那衣"在這個事緣中,世尊制定收起迦絺那衣是爲了遮止[衣物]利益。因此善女難陀比丘尼阻止收起迦絺那衣,說"衣物將屬於我們",不願停止[獲取]利益。所以在已敷展迦絺那衣的界場中,迦絺那衣未收起時,直到五月圓月這期間,無論是亡者衣,還是為四方僧團[所施],或亡故親屬[所施],或以乞食規定,或以精舍大事等任何方式所施的僧團衣物,這一切都只屬於那些敷展迦絺那衣的比丘們。不屬於已破安居者,或後來進入[安居]者,或在那裡到來的住在界內的比丘們。如果不知而取用,應當歸還。如果那衣物用來[換取]米等食物,其他人也可得到。為什麼呢?因為[衣物]利益已消失。因此作為滿足人數而到來的已破安居者,或後來進入[安居]者,或在其他精舍度過安居者,都可獲得食物等。但是施予已敷展迦絺那衣的羯磨文只能在破界場中進行。如果在那精舍沒有[破界場],應當在其他精舍的結界場或水界限界

Kasmāti ce , tasmiṃ vihāre purimikāya upagatā kathinatthārakusalā na honti. Atthārakusalā khandhakabhāṇakattherā pariyesitvā ānetabbā. Kammavācaṃ sāvetvā kathinaṃ attharāpetvā dānañca bhuñjitvā gamissanti, ānisaṃso pana itaresaṃ vahotī』ti. Aññasīmaṭṭhakabhikkhūnampi kammavāca sāvanassa aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā. Chinnavassāvā pacchimikāya upagatā vā aññasmiṃ vihāre vutthavassāpi vā purimikāya upagatānaṃ gaṇapūraṇamattameva labhanti, ānisaṃso itaresaṃyeva hoti. Sacepi te chinnavassādayo anumodenti, bhinno kathinatthāro, idaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vicāritaṃ. Apare pana 『『kathinatthatasīmanti upacārasīmaṃ sandhāya vutta』』nti vuttattā upacārasīmāyameva kathinanatthāraka ñattiṃ karonti, taṃ ayuttaṃ, sodhetuṃ dukkarattā. Tathā hi upacārasīmāyameva paviṭṭhagāmasīmāyaṃ tattha otiṇṇe bhikkhū tattha pāsānayanaṃ vā bahisīmakaraṇaṃ vā ko sakkhissati. 『『Kathinatthatasīmāya』』nti imināpipadena kathinatthatabhāvoyeva vutto, na kathinatthatasāṭakassa dānakammavācā, sā ca vicāraṇā kammacatukkena dīpetabbā. Tattha apalokanakammaṃ ñattikammaṃ ñattidutiyakammaṃ ñatticatutthakammanti. Tattha apalokanakammaṃ nāma sīmaṭṭhakasaṅghaṃ sodhetvā chandārahānaṃ chandaṃ āharitvā samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyā saṅghaṃ kittetvā 『『ruccati saṅghassā』』ti tikkhuttuṃ anusāvetvā kattabbaṃ vuccati. Ñattikammaṃ nāma vuttanayeneva samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyā ekāya ñattiyā kattabbaṃ kammaṃ. Ñattidutiyakammaṃ nāma vuttanayeneva samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyā ekāya ñattiyā ekāya ca anusāvanāyāti evaṃ ñattidutiyāya anusāvanāya kattabbaṃ kammaṃ. Ñatticatutthakammaṃ nāma vuttanayeneva samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyā ekāya ñattiyā tīhi ca anusāvanāhīti evaṃ ñatticatutthāhi tīhi anusāvanāhi kattabbaṃ kammaṃ. Tattha apalokanakammaṃ phalabhājanakālādīsu lahukakammeyeva labbhati. Kathinatthatasāṭakadānepi anatthateyeva kathine tato bahuānisaṃsacīvarasāṭakaṃ labhitvā teneva sāṭakena attharitabbā, puna kammavācāya dānakiccaṃ natthi apalokanakammena saṅghassa anumatiyā dātabbaṃ. Kathinatthatasāṭakadānakammavācā ekā ce vaṭṭati. Puna kamma vācāyakiccaṃ natthi. Ñattikammaṃ pana dhammasaṅgāhakakāle mahākassapattherādīhi attanāva attānaṃ sammannanakāle lahukakammeyeva labbhati. Ñattidutiyakammaṃ pana sīmāsammuti, sīmāsamūhanaṃ, kathinadānaṃ, kathinuddhāro, kuṭivatthudesanā, vihāravatthudesanāti imāni cha garukammāni apaloketvā kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Ñattidutiyakammavācaṃ sāvetvāva kātabbaṃ. Ito paresu cīvaravippavāsasammutiādīsu ñattidutiyakammesu apaloketvāpi kātabbaṃ, lahukakammattā. Ñatticatutthakammaṃ pana idāni upasampadākammaṃ idāni cattāri kammāni baddhasīmāya vā, tasmiṃ asati udakukkhepasīmāya vā sodhetuṃ asakkonte sati abaddhasīmāya vā kātabbameva. Apare evaṃ vadanti 『『kuṭivatthukāravihāravatthukārakāle tāni kuṭivihāravatthūni kathaṃ sīmaṭṭhā kātuṃ sakkhissanti, tasmā tattha tattheva kuṭivihārakaraṇaṭṭhāneyeva kātabba』』nti, taṃ tesaṃ vacanamattameva, na sārato paccetabbaṃ.

這是完整的中文直譯: 為什麼呢?因為在那精舍前安居期入住的人不善於敷展迦絺那衣。應當尋找善於敷展者犍度誦者長老們前來。[他們]宣說羯磨文,令[他們]敷展迦絺那衣,享用供養后將離去,但利益歸於其他人。因為在註釋書中說到其他界內比丘們也可宣說羯磨文。已破安居者或后安居期入住者或在其他精舍度過安居者只獲得作為前安居期入住者的滿足人數[的資格],利益只屬於其他人。即使那些已破安居等人隨喜,迦絺那衣的敷展也已破壞,這在註釋書中已考察。其他人則因為說"已敷展迦絺那衣的界場是指近行界場"而在近行界場作迦絺那衣敷展的表白,那是不正確的,因為難以清凈。如是在近行界場中進入村界場時,誰能讓進入那裡的比丘們在那裡搬運石頭或作外界呢?"已敷展迦絺那衣的界場"這句話只是說明已敷展迦絺那衣的狀態,不是施予已敷展迦絺那衣的羯磨文,那種考察應當用四種羯磨來說明。即告白羯磨、單白羯磨、白二羯磨、白四羯磨。其中所謂告白羯磨,是指清凈界內僧團,帶來應與欲者的欲,以和合僧團的同意,宣說僧團后,說"僧團是否同意"三次宣告而作。所謂單白羯磨,是如上所說以和合僧團的同意,以一白而作的羯磨。所謂白二羯磨,是如上所說以和合僧團的同意,以一白一羯磨,即以白為第二的宣告而作的羯磨。所謂白四羯磨,是如上所說以和合僧團的同意,以一白三羯磨,即以白為第四的三次宣告而作的羯磨。其中告白羯磨只適用於分果等輕羯磨。在施予已敷展迦絺那衣時,當迦絺那衣未敷展時,獲得那具有多種利益的衣料后,應當用那衣料敷展,不需要再用羯磨文施予,應當以告白羯磨得到僧團同意而施予。施予已敷展迦絺那衣的羯磨文若是一次則可以。不需要再作羯磨文。而單白羯磨只適用於結集法時大迦葉長老等自己認可自己時的輕羯磨。而白二羯磨中的結界、解界、施予迦絺那衣、收起迦絺那衣、指定小屋地、指定精舍地這六種重羯磨不可以告白而作。必須宣說白二羯磨文而作。此外在衣物離宿認可等白二羯磨中也可以告白而作,因為是輕羯磨。而白四羯磨即現在的受具足戒羯磨,現在這四種羯磨應當在結界場中作,若無則在水界限界場中作,若無法清凈則在未結界場中作。其他人這樣說:"在作小屋地和精舍地時,界內的人怎能作那些小屋和精舍地呢?因此應當在各自的小屋精舍建造處作",那只是他們的說法而已,不應當當真。

Vatthuparāmasanamevettha pamāṇaṃ, tathā hi saṅghakuṭivatthuṃ olokentaṃ yācatityādinā vatthuparāmasanaṃ katvā heṭṭhā vatthuñattidose ca vipatti lakkhaṇe ca vajjetvā ñattidutiyakammena sammatabhikkhūhi tattha kuṭivihāraṭṭhānaṃ gantvā oloketabbaṃ teneva pāḷiyaṃ 『『tehi sammatehi bhikkhūhi tattha gantvā kuṭivatthu oloketabba』』nti vuttaṃ. Aññathā pattacīvaravirahitaṃ puggalaṃ vā anupajjhāyakaṃ vā katvā upasampādentehi 『『paripuṇṇassa pattacīvara』』nti vā 『『itthannāmassa upasampadāpekkho, itthannāmena upajjhāyenā』』ti kammavācāya sāvitepi kammassa asijjhanaṃ bhaveyya. Apare evaṃ vadanti 『『sīmāsammutikāle pana kataṃ, tathā hi sīmāsammutikāle bhikkhū tasmiṃ yeva ṭhāne ṭhatvā kammavācaṃ sāventi, tasmimpi ṭhāne abaddhasīmāva hoti. Yadi baddhasīmā bhaveyya, sīmajjhottharaṇaṃ vā sīmasambhedo vā siyā』』ti. Saccaṃ, tathāpi taṃ sīmāsammutiṭṭhānaṃ bhujissaṃ katvā sīmasammutikammassakatattā visuṃgāme sammatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ gāmasīme ṭhitā bhikkhū kammaṃ kopetuṃ na sakkonti. Yadi sīmasammutiṭṭhānaṃ bhujissaṃ katvāva sīmaṃ sammanneyya, kathaṃ bhagavato dharamānakāle chabbaggiyā bhikkhu yathāsukhaṃ sīmaṃ sammannissantīti na panevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ tathā hi vāsākhā migāramātāpi navakoṭīhi bhūmiṃ gaṇhitvā pubbārāmaṃ nāma mahā vihāraṃ kāresi, tathā anāthapiṇḍiko kahāpaṇasanthatena jetassa rājakumārassa uyyānaṭṭhānaṃ kiṇāpetvā gaṇhitvā jetavanaṃ nāma mahāvihāraṃ kāresi evaṃ puññakāmā pariveṇaṃ katvā vihāraṃ karonti tasmā chabbaggiyā bhikkhū yathāsukhaṃ sīmaṃ bandhantīti daṭṭhabbanti. Ayaṃ upacārasīmāya vicāraṇā.

Samānasaṃvāsasīmā nāma diṭṭhisīlasāmaññasaṅghātasaṅkhātehi bhikkhugaṇehi uposathādisaṅghakammena samānaṃ ekībhāvaṃ hutvā vasituṃ sammatā sīmā. Avippavāsasīmā nāma ticīvarena vippavasituṃ sammatā sīmā, etā dvesīmā tiyojanaparamatāyapi sambhavato mahāsīmā tipi nāmaṃ labhanti, tāsaṃ vicāraṇā mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ sabbaso paripuṇṇaṃ katvā vuttā, tasmā idha na vakkhāma vuccamānampi avisesetvā vuttaṃ bhaveyya, tasmā na vakkhāma.

這是完整的中文直譯: 這裡只以涉及事項為準則。如是看小屋地時請求等,涉及事項后,避免下面事項白過失和過失相,由白二羯磨認可的比丘們前往那裡的小屋精舍處觀看。因此在聖典中說:"由那些被認可的比丘們前往那裡觀看小屋地。"否則,為無缽衣的人或無依止師的人授具足戒時,雖在羯磨文中宣說"具足缽衣"或"某某名求受具足戒者,某某名為依止師",羯磨也不會成就。其他人這樣說:"但在結界時[可以],如是在結界時比丘們就站在那處宣說羯磨文,在那處也是未結界。如果是結界,就會有界的覆蓋或界的混雜。"這是真的,但是因為使結界處成為獨立,爲了作結界羯磨,站在村界內的比丘們不能破壞在別村被認可的比丘們的羯磨。如果使結界處獨立后才結界,[有人會問]為什麼世尊住世時六群比丘會隨意結界呢?不應當這樣理解。如是毗舍佉鹿母也以九億[錢]購地建造名為東園的大精舍,同樣給孤獨長者以金錢鋪地購買祇陀王子的園地后建造名為祇園的大精舍。如是欲作福者建造住處作精舍,因此應當理解六群比丘隨意結界。這是關於近行界場的考察。 所謂同住界場,是由見、戒、共同、集會等名稱的比丘眾,爲了布薩等僧團羯磨成為一體而共住所結的界場。所謂不離宿界場,是認可與三衣離宿的界場。這兩種界場因為可以達到三由旬的極限而獲得大界場的名稱。它們的考察在《大註釋》中已完全詳盡地說明,所以我們在這裡不說,即使說了也會是不加區別的說法,所以不說。

Lābhasīmā nāma yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā pokkharaṇītaḷākavanādikaṃ vā yaṃ yaṃ padesaṃ saṅghassa catuccappayatthāya rājarājamahāmattehi paricchinditvā ṭhapitā, esā lābhasīmā nāma. Neva sammāsambuddhena anuññātā, na dhammasaṅgahakattherehi ṭhapitā, api ca kho lābhadāyakehi ṭhapitāva. Mātikāṭṭhakathāya līnatthappakāsaniyampi lābhasīmāti yaṃ rājarājamahāmattādayo vihāraṃ kāretvā gāvutaṃ vā aḍḍhayojanaṃ vā yojanaṃ vā samantā paricchinditvā 『『ayaṃ amhākaṃ vihārassa lābhasīmā, yaṃ etthantare uppajjati, taṃ sabbaṃ amhākaṃ vihārassa demā』』ti ṭhapenti, ayaṃ lābhasīmā nāmā』ti vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ lābhasīmādhikāre rañño mahācetiyadāyakassa divaṅgatakālato ekasmiṃ saṃvacchare atīte tassa jeṭṭhaputtassa dhammarañño kāle īdisaṃ puññaṃ bhūtapubbaṃ. Yadi hi rājarājamahāmattādīsu yo koci yassa vihārassa yāni taḷākakhettavatthādīni datvā taṃ sahitavihāraṃ puggalassa deti, evaṃ sati kiṃ tassa puggalassa taṃ sahitavihāraṃ puggalikabhāvena paṭiggahetuṃ vaṭṭati, udāhu saṅghikabhāvenevāti taḷākakhettavatthādivirahito pana kevalo puggalikavihāro aññesaṃ dammīti adatvā puggale mate saṅghiko hoti, udāhu puggalikoyevāti. Tatrāyaṃ vissajjanā, yadi hi rājarājamahāmattādīsu yokoci vihārassa taḷākakhettāvatthādīni deti, evaṃ sati paṭikkhipituṃ na vaṭṭatītidaṭṭhabbaṃ tena vuttaṃ vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ 『『imaṃ taḷākaṃ, imaṃ khettaṃ, imaṃ vatthuṃ vihārassa demāti vutte paṭikkhipituṃ na labbhatī』』ti. 『『Pāsādassa dāsiṃ, dāsaṃ, khettaṃ, vatthuṃ, gomahiṃsaṃ demāti vadanti, pāṭekkaṃ gahaṇakiccaṃ natthi, pāsāde paṭiggahite paṭiggahitameva hotī』』ti ca. Vinayavinicchayapakaraṇe ca.

『『Khettavatthutaḷākaṃ vā, dema goajikādikaṃ;

Vihārassāti vuttepi, nisedhetuṃ na vaṭṭatī』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 所謂利養界場,是指國王、大臣們爲了僧團四種必需品,劃定某個村莊、城鎮、蓮池、水池、林園等任何區域而設立的,這稱為利養界場。既不是正等覺者允許的,也不是結集法的長老們設立的,而是由施予利養者設立的。在《攝頌註釋》的《顯明隱義》中也說:"利養界場即國王、大臣等建造精舍后,劃定四分之一由旬或半由旬或一由旬的周圍範圍,說'這是我們精舍的利養界場,凡在此範圍內生起的,我們全部施予我們的精舍'而設立的,這稱為利養界場。"在這利養界場一節中,在大塔施主國王去世后一年,他的長子法王時期曾有這樣的福業。如果國王、大臣等任何人將水池、田地等施予某精舍后,連同精舍施予個人,如是那個人是否可以以個人身份接受連同[水池田地]的精舍,還是隻能以僧團[所有]的身份[接受]?而沒有水池、田地等的純個人精舍,若未說"我施予其他人",個人死後是成為僧團所有,還是仍屬個人所有?這裡的解答是,如果國王、大臣等任何人施予精舍的水池、田地等,如是應當理解不可拒絕。因此在律注中說:"當說'我們施予這水池、這田地、這地基給精舍'時,不可拒絕。"又說:"[當]他們說'我們施予殿堂的女奴、男奴、田地、地基、牛水牛',不需要分別接受,當接受殿堂時就已經接受了。"在《律決定論》中也說: "田地基水池,或施牛羊等, 說為精舍時,不應加禁止。"

Khuddasikkhāpakaraṇe ca 『『khettādīni vihārassa, vutte dammīti vaṭṭatī』』ti vuttaṃ. 『『Vihārassa demā』』ti cettha saṅghikavihārasseva, na puggalikavihārassāti daṭṭhabbaṃ, tathā hi vuttaṃ vimativinodaniyaṃ vihārassa demāti saṅghikavihāraṃ sandhāya vuttanti. 『『Pāsādassā』』ti ca sāmaññena vuttepi 『『tena kho pana samayena visākhā migāramātā saṅghassa atthāya sāḷindaṃ pāsādaṃ kārāpetukāmo hoti hatthinakhaka』』nti imasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ pāsādaparibhogassa anuññātattā saṅghikaṃyeva pāsādaṃ sandhāya vuttanti viññāyati tathā hi vuttaṃ vimativinodaniyaṃ sabbaṃ pāsādaparibhoga』nti. Pāḷiyā aṭṭhakathāya vaṇṇanādhikāre 『『suvaṇṇarajatādivicitrānī』』tiādi saṅghikasenāsanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Puggalikaṃ pana suvaṇṇādivicitraṃ bhikkhussa sampaṭicchitumeva na vaṭṭati, 『『na kenaci pariyāyena jātarūpajataṃ sādiyitabba』』nti vuttattā, tenevettha aṭṭhakathāyaṃ saṅghikavihāre vā puggalikavihāre vāti na vutta』nti. 『『Bhikkhūnaṃ dhammavinayavaṇṇanaṭṭhāne』』ti vuttattā saṅghikameva suvaṇṇādimayaṃ senāsanaṃ senāsanaparikkhārā ca vaṭṭanti, na puggalikānīti gahetabbanti ca, tasmā taḷākakhettavatthādisahitavihāro saṅghikoyeva hoti, na puggalikoti vinayakovidehi daṭṭhabbo. Sace pana rājarājamahāmattādīsu yokoci taḷākakhettavatthādisahitaṃ vihāraṃ puggalassa taṃ sahitavihārabhāvamārocetvā deti, evaṃ sati puggalassa saṅghikavihārabhāveneva paṭiggahetuṃ vaṭṭati, na puggalikavihārabhāvenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. 『『Kasmā, vihārassa demā』』ti vatvā dinnānaṃ taḷākakhettavatthādīnaṃ saṅghasseva vaṭṭamānattā. Tenevāha vimativinodaniyaṃ 『『vihārassa demāti vuttaṃ saṅghassa vaṭṭati, na puggalassa, khettādi viya daṭṭhabba』』nti. Tatrāyaṃ yojanā vihārassādemāti vatvā dinnaṃ khettādi saṅghassa vaṭṭati, na puggalassa, evaṃ vihārassa demāti vuttaṃ suvaṇṇādivicittaṃ akappiyamañcaṃ saṅghassa vaṭṭati, na puggalassāti daṭṭhabbanti. Saṅghasseva kappiyavohārena khettādīni paṭiggahetuṃ vaṭṭati, tathā hi vuttaṃ vimativinodaniyaṃ 『『cattāropaccaye paribhuñjatūti deti vaṭṭatītiettha bhikkhusaṅghassa catupaccayaparibhogatthāya taḷākaṃ dammīti vā bhikkhusaṅgho cattāro paccaye paribhuñjituṃ taḷākaṃ dammīti vā ito taḷākato uppanne cattāro paccaye dammīti vā vuttampi vaṭṭati. Idañca saṅghassa diyyamānaññeva sandhāya vuttaṃ, puggalassa pana evampi dinnaṃ taḷākakhettādi na vaṭṭati. Suddhacittassa pana udakaparibhogatthaṃ kūpapokkharaṇīādayo vaṭṭanti. Saṅghassataḷākaṃatthi, taṃkathantiādināhisabbattha saṅghassavaseneva vuttanti. 『『Khettādayo pana sabbesaṅghasseva vaṭṭanti, pāḷiyaṃ puggalikavasena gahetuṃ ananuññātattāti daṭṭhabba』』nti ca. Puggalassa pana puggalānañca khettavatthādīni kappiyavohārenāpi paṭiggahetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Evañcakatvā vimativinodaniyaṃ 『『khettavatthādīnipi kappiyavohārenāpi puggalānaṃ gahetuṃ na vaṭṭati, tathā anuññātattāti viññāyati khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hotī』』ti ādinā hi paṭikkhittāsu ekasseva puggalikavasena gahaṇe ananuññāte taditarānaṃ tathāgahetabbatā siddhāva hotī』ti vuttaṃ, tasmā taḷākakhettavatthādisahitassa vihārassa saṅghikabhāveneva paṭiggahetabbatā siddhā hotīti daṭṭhabbā.

這是完整的中文直譯: 在《小學論》中也說:"當說'我施予田地等給精舍'時是可以的。"這裡"我們施予給精舍"應當理解為只是給僧團的精舍,不是給個人的精舍。因此在《疑惑消除》中說:"'施予給精舍'是就僧團的精舍而說的。"雖然"給殿堂"也是一般性的說法,但因為在"爾時,毗舍佉鹿母想要為僧團建造有閣樓的象牙殿堂"這個事緣中允許殿堂的使用,所以可知是就僧團的殿堂而說的。因此在《疑惑消除》中說:"一切殿堂的使用"。在聖典和註釋書的解釋部分中"以金銀等裝飾"等是就僧團的住所而說的。而個人不可接受以金等裝飾的[住所],因為說"以任何方式都不應接受金銀",因此這裡註釋書中沒有說"在僧團的精舍或個人的精舍"。因為說"在比丘們解說法律的處所",應當理解只有僧團的金等製成的住所和住所用具是可以的,個人的則不可以。因此律學專家們應當視帶有水池田地等的精舍只是僧團所有,不是個人所有。但如果國王大臣等任何人將帶有水池田地等的精舍告知[是]帶有這些的精舍后施予個人,如是應當理解可以以僧團精舍的身份接受,不可以以個人精舍的身份[接受]。為什麼?因為說"我們施予給精舍"而施予的水池田地等只適合僧團。因此在《疑惑消除》中說:"說'施予給精舍'適合僧團,不適合個人,應當如田地等看待。"這裡的理解是:說"施予給精舍"而施予的田地等適合僧團,不適合個人,如是應當理解說"施予給精舍"的金等裝飾的不如法臥具適合僧團,不適合個人。只有僧團可以用如法的稱呼接受田地等,因此在《疑惑消除》中說:"如果說'施予以供受用四資具'是可以的,這裡說'我施予水池給比丘僧團以供受用四資具',或'我施予水池給比丘僧團以受用四資具',或'我施予從這水池生起的四資具'都是可以的。這是就施予給僧團而說的,而對個人即使這樣施予的水池田地等也是不可以的。但爲了清凈心者的用水,井池等是可以的。因為如'僧團有水池,那怎麼辦'等一切處都只就僧團而說。""但田地等只適合一切僧團,因為在聖典中未允許以個人方式接受,應當如此理解。"而個人或諸多個人即使以如法稱呼也不可接受田地等。如是在《疑惑消除》中說:"即使以如法稱呼,個人也不可接受田地等,因為[經典]未如此允許,應當知道'他遠離接受田地'等。因為在被禁止的[事項]中,當不允許一個人以個人方式接受時,其他人也同樣不應接受,這是成立的。"因此應當理解帶有水池田地等的精舍只能以僧團[所有]的身份接受,這是成立的。

Ayaṃ paṭhamapañhe vissajjanā.

Taḷākakhettavatthādivirahitaṃ pana vihāraṃ puggalikabhāvenāpi paṭiggahetuṃ vaṭṭati. So ca vihāro tasmiṃ puggale jīvante puggaliko hoti. Aññesaṃ dammīti adatvā mate avissajjanīyo avebhaṅgiyo, saṅghikoyeva hotīti daṭṭhabbo. Yathāha, bhikkhussa bhikkhave kālaṅkate saṅgho sāmi pattacīvare. Api ca gilānupaṭṭhākā bahūpakārā, anujānāmi bhikkhave saṅghena ticīvarañca gilānupaṭṭhākānaṃ dātuṃ. Yaṃ tattha lahubhaṇḍaṃ lahuparikkhāraṃ, taṃ sammukhībhūtena saṅghena bhājetabbaṃ. Yaṃ tattha garubhaṇḍaṃgaruparikkhāraṃ taṃ āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa avissajjiyaṃ avebhaṅgiyanti. Vinayaṭṭhakathāyañca 『『tasmiṃ jīvante puggaliko, mate saṅghikoyevāti aññesaṃ adatvā ṭhapitaparikkhārāpi tattha saṅghasseva honti. Dvinnaṃ santakaṃ hoti avibhattaṃ, ekasmiṃ kālaṅkate itaro sāmi. Bahūnaṃ santakepi eseva nayo, sabbesu matesu saṅghikaṃ hotī』』ti vuttaṃ.

Ettha ca yaṃ tattha garubhaṇḍa』nti ādīsu garubhaṇḍaṃ nāma rāsivasena pañcavidhaṃ, sarūpavasena pana pañcavīsatividhaṃ hoti, tasmā matakasantakabhūtassāpi vihārassa garubhaṇḍabhāvo veditabbo, tenāha aṭṭhakathāyaṃ 『『yaṃ tattha lahubhaṇḍaṃ yaṃ tattha garubhaṇḍa』』nti.

Iti pañcahi rāsīhi, pañcanimmalalocano;

Pañcavīsavidhaṃ nātho, garubhaṇḍaṃ pakāsayīti.

Ettha vihārassa garubhaṇḍabhāvo veditabbo. Ayaṃ dutiyapañhe vissajjanā.

這是完整的中文直譯: 這是對第一個問題的解答。 而沒有水池田地等的精舍,以個人[所有]的身份接受也是可以的。那精舍在那個人活著時是個人所有。未說"我施予其他人"而死亡時,[它]是不可捨棄、不可分配的,應當理解只是僧團所有。如[佛]所說:"諸比丘,比丘去世時,僧團是缽和衣的主人。但是看護病人者有大恩惠,諸比丘,我允許僧團將三衣施予看護病人者。凡其中輕物、輕資具,應當由現前僧團分配。凡其中重物、重資具,是來去四方僧團的不可捨棄、不可分配[物]。"在律注中也說:"在他活著時是個人[所有],死後只是僧團[所有],因此未施予其他人而儲存的資具也都屬於僧團。兩人共有而未分配的,一人去世時另一人為主人。多人共有也是這個道理,全部去世時成為僧團[所有]。" 這裡在"凡其中重物"等中,所謂重物按類別有五種,而按個體則有二十五種,因此應當知道即使是亡者所有的精舍也是重物的性質。因此在註釋書中說:"凡其中輕物,凡其中重物。" "如是五種類別中,具五清凈眼者, 開示二十五種,重物之教主。" 這裡應當知道精舍是重物的性質。這是對第二個問題的解答。

Ayaṃ haṃsāvatiyā pāmokkhamahātherānaṃ vissajjanā. Rāmaññaraṭṭhavāsino pana mahātherā puggalikabhāvenāpi paṭiggahetabbamevāti vadanti, tathā jaṃmāyaraṭṭhavāsinopi mahātherā, tathā sūnāparantaraṭṭhavāsinopi mahātherā tathā isinagaravāsinopi mahātherā puggalikabhāvena paṭiggahaṇe doso natthī』ti vadanti tesaṃ mahātherānaṃ ayamadhippāyo lābhasīmānāmesā neva sammāsambuddhena anuññātā. Na dhammasaṅgāhakattherehipi ṭhapitā. Api ca kho puññatthikehi lābhadāyakehi ṭhapitā tasmā puññatthikā rājarājamahāmattādayo vihāraṃ kārāpetvā tassa vihārassa lābhatthāya padesaṃ paricchinditvā ṭhapenti 『『yaṃ etthantare uppajjati, taṃ sabbaṃ amhākaṃ vihārassa demā』』ti. Taṃ pana vihāraṃ attano rucitassa yassakassaci puggalassa 『『imaṃ vihāraṃ tuyhaṃ dammi, tava vihāro hotū』』tivā attano ruciyā deti sopi puggalo 『『anujānāmi bhikkhave pañcaleṇāni vihāra』』nti ādinā anuññātavihārameva paṭiggaṇhāti, bhagavato anuññātavihāramattasseva paṭiggahitattāti. Tasmiṃ vihāre khettavatthādīni atthīti ce. 『『Khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hotī』』ti ādinā yaṃ khettādivatthupaṭiggahaṇaṃ paṭikkhittaṃ, tassa khettādivatthussa appaṭiggahitattā vihāramattameva hi paṭiggahite tappaṭibaddhā khettādivatthusmiṃ uppannacīvara piṇḍapātagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārāpi tasseva puggalassa kappiyabhāveneva pavattanti, puggalassa paṭiggahaṇe vā paribhutte vā doso natthi, bhagavatā eva anuññātassa kappiyapaccayassa paribhuñjitattā. Suttaṃ āharāti ce, 『『anujānāmi bhikkhave sabbaṃ pāsādaparibhoga』』nti. Nanu ca visākhā migāramātā saṅghasseva atthāya sāḷindaṃ pāsādaṃ hatthinakhakanti. Saccaṃ, tathāpi puggalo saṅghapariyāpanno saṅghassa pāsādaparibhoge anuññāte tadantogadhassapi puggalassa anuññātameva hoti. Aññathā puggale antovihāre nisinnoyeva saṅgho tasmiṃ yeva vihārasīme kammaṃ karontopi kammakopo na bhaveyya, avaggārahattāti vakkhati ca sāratthadīpaniyaṃ 『『anujānāmi bhikkhave sabbaṃ pāsādaparibhoga』』nti vacanato puggalikepi senāsane se nāsanaparibhogavasena niyamitaṃ suvaṇṇaghaṭādikaṃ paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭamānampi kevalaṃ attano santakaṃ katvā paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭatī』』ti, imināpi vacanena puggalikavihārassapi sabbakappiyabhāvo viññāyati 『『anujānāmi bhikkhave sabbaṃ pāsādaparibhoga』』nti ñāpakassa dassanato. Suvaṇṇaghaṭādikanti ettha ādisaddo mariyādattho, pakārattho vā, tena rajatahārakūṭa-jātiphalikādīni akappiyaghaṭāni suvaṇṇarajatahārakūṭa jātiphalikādibhājanasaravādīni ca senāsanaparikkhārāni saṅgaṇhāti, tāni bhikkhussa parikkhārabhāvena na vaṭṭanti tathā dāsidāsagomahiṃsāpi, tathā khettādivatthumpi bhikkhussa attano santakabhāvena paṭiggahetuṃ na vaṭṭanti, vihārassa pana paṭisedhetabbaṃ natthi, sabbasaddassa dassanato tenevāha samantapāsādikāya vinayaṭṭhakathāya 『『senāsane pana dvārakavāṭa vātapānakavāṭādīsu sabbaṃ ratanamayampi vaṇṇamaṭṭhakammaṃ vaṭṭati.

這是完整的中文直譯: 這是漢薩瓦底(現緬甸蓬)首席大長老們的解答。而住在若開地區的大長老們則說即使以個人[所有]的身份接受也是可以的,同樣住在占巴(現緬甸勃固)地區的大長老們,同樣住在素納巴蘭塔(現緬甸德林達依)地區的大長老們,同樣住在伊西城的大長老們都說以個人身份接受沒有過失。這些大長老們的意思是:這利養界場既不是正等覺者允許的,也不是結集法的長老們設立的,而是由欲求福德的施予利養者設立的。因此欲求福德的國王大臣等建造精舍后,爲了那精舍的利養劃定區域而設立,[說]"凡在此範圍內生起的,我們全部施予我們的精舍。"而他們隨自己的意願將那精舍施予任何自己喜歡的個人,[說]"我施予這精舍給你,成為你的精舍",那個人也只接受如"諸比丘,我允許五種住處精舍"等所允許的精舍,因為只接受世尊所允許的精舍而已。如果在那精舍有田地等。以"他遠離接受田地"等禁止接受田地等地基,因為未接受那田地等地基,而只接受精舍,在與之相關的田地等地基中生起的衣服、食物、病人所需藥品資具也只以如法方式歸屬那個人,個人接受或使用都沒有過失,因為使用的是世尊允許的如法資具。如果問要經證,[答]"諸比丘,我允許一切殿堂使用。"難道毗舍佉鹿母不是隻為僧團建造有閣樓的象牙殿堂嗎?是的,但是個人屬於僧團,當允許僧團使用殿堂時,包含在其中的個人也就被允許了。否則,即使個人坐在精舍內,僧團在那精舍界場內作羯磨也不會破壞羯磨,因為[個人]應當[在場]。在《顯揚心義》中也說:"因為說'諸比丘,我允許一切殿堂使用',即使在個人的住所,也可以作為住所使用而規定的金瓶等是可以使用的,但不可以作為自己的所有物而使用。"由這句話也可知個人精舍的一切如法性,因為顯示了"諸比丘,我允許一切殿堂使用"的教示。"金瓶等"這裡的"等"字是表示界限或種類,由此包括銀、銅、水晶等不如法瓶,以及金銀銅水晶等器皿碗等住所用具,這些不可作為比丘的用具,同樣奴婢牛水牛也是,同樣田地等地基也不可作為比丘自己所有物而接受,但對精舍則沒有禁止,因為看到"一切"這個詞。因此在《一切歡喜》律注中說:"但在住所的門、窗等處,一切寶石製成的裝飾都是可以的。"

Senāsane kiñci paṭisedhetabbaṃ natthi aññatra viruddhasenāsanā』』ti, iminā ṭhapetvā』gāmañca gāmūpacārañcā』ti ettha viruddhasenāsanaṃ ṭhapetvā sabbakappiyākappiyaṃ vihārassa kappati, kiñciappamattakampi paṭisedhetabbaṃ nāma natthīti viññāyati, tenevāha vinayavinicchaye.

『『Khettavatthu taḷākaṃvā, dema goajikādikaṃ;

Vihārassāti vuttepi, nisedhetuṃ na vaṭṭatī』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: "在住所中除了不當的住所外沒有任何應當禁止的",由此可知,除了在"除了村莊和村莊近郊"這裡所說的不當住所外,一切如法不如法都適合精舍,沒有任何哪怕是微小的東西應當被禁止。因此在《律決定》中說: "田地基水池,或施牛羊等, 說為精舍時,不應加禁止。"

Nanuca vihārassa demāti saṅghikavihāraṃ sandhāya vuttanti vimativinodaniyaṃ vuttanti. Vuttaṃ ettha hi ācariyassaadhippāyena bhavitabbaṃ 『『khettavattādīnipuggalikavihārassa demā』』ti vutte 『『na kappati upāsakā』』ti paṭikkhipitabbaṃ. Kasmā puggalo tassa vihārassa sāmi, vihārassa dinne puggalassa dinnameva hoti, evaṃ sati ca 『『khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hotī』』ti ādinā vuttasikkhāpadena kāretabbataṃ āpajjati. Saṅghikavihārassa pana na paṭikkhipitabbaṃ. Kasmā so puggalo tassa saṅghikavihārassa anissaro. Cātuddisaṃ saṅghaṃ uddissa dinnaṃ yaṃkiñci khuddakaṃ vā mahantaṃ vā padesaṃ acchinditvā gaṇhantassapi pārājiko na hoti, sabbasseva cātuddisikassa saṅghassa dhuranikkhepassa asambhavato tasmā saṅghikavihārassa dinne paṭikkhitte saṅghassa lābhantarāyakaro hotīti. Imamevatthaṃ sandhāya vihārassa demāti saṅghikavihāraṃ sandhāya vutta』nti vuttaṃ bhaveyya, na puggalikabhāvenāpi paṭiggahetabbanti. Evañca sati sāmikānaṃ dhuranikkhepenā』ti ettha ekassa santake taḷāke khette ca jāte tasseva dhuranikkhepena pārājikaṃ. Yadi pana taṃ taḷākaṃ sabbasādhāraṇaṃ, khettāni pāṭipuggalikāni, tassa ca dhuranikkhepe avahāro. Atha khettānipi sabbasādhāraṇāni, sabbesaṃ dhuranikkhepeyeva pārājikaṃ, nāsatīti daṭṭhabbanti vimativinodaniyaṃ vuttavacanena avirodho siyā, tathā hi khettavatthādisahitassa vihārassa puggalikabhāvena akappiye sati. Kathaṃ puggalassa khettavatthādikamārabbha abhiyuñjabhāvo bhaveyya, evañca pana vadeyya 『『dhuraṃ nikkhipatīti ettha ekassa santake taḷāke khette cātiettha gihisantakameva sandhāya vutta』』nti. Tathāpi na vattabbaṃ. Kasmā 『『dhuraṃ nikkhipatīti yadā pana sāmiko ayaṃ thaddho kakkhaḷo, jīvitabrahmacariyantarāyampi me kareyya, alaṃ dāni mayhaṃ iminā』』ti padassa dissanato teneva 『『khettāni pāṭipuggalikāni, tassa ca dhuranikkhepe』』ti vimativinodaniyaṃ vuttaṃ. Tathā 『『anujānāmi bhikkhave sabbaṃ pāsādaparibhoga』』nti vacanato puggalikepi senāsane senāsanaparibhogavasena niyamitaṃ suvaṇṇaghaṭādikaṃ paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭamānampi kevalaṃ attano santakaṃ katvā paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭatī』』ti sāratthadīpaniyaṃ vutta vacanenāpi avirodho siyā, tathā 『『senāsane kiñci paṭisedhetabbaṃ natthi aññatra viruddhasenāsananā』』ti aṭṭhakathāvacanenāpi saṃsandameva. Tathā 『『yaṃ bhikkhave mayā idaṃ na kappatīti appaṭikkhittaṃ, taṃ ce kappiyaṃ anulometi, akappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo kappatī』』ti iminā suttānulomenapisaṃndameva. Kathaṃ 『『anujānāmi bhikkhave pañcaleṇāni vihārantyā』』dinā anuññātavihārassa paṭiggahitatthā. Tappaṭibaddhacīvarādikappiyapaccayasseva paribhuñjitattā ca vihārapiṇḍapātagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārāpi bhikkhussa sabbakappiyā kappiyānulomā ca honti. Evaṃ suttasuttānulomaācariyavādaattanomatīhi saṃsandanato aññadatthu gaṅgodakena yamunodakaṃ viya khettavatthādisahitavihāro puggalikabhāvenāpi paṭiggahetabboti kappiyā kappiyāni vinayakovidehi daṭṭhabbo. Ayaṃ isinagaravāsīnaṃ mahātherānaṃ samānavissajjanā.

『『Ye ca janā garubhaṇḍaṃ saṃvidhāya avaharuṃ. Dhuranikkhepo ca hoti, pārājikamanāpannā, pañhāmesā kusalehi cintitā』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 難道不是在《疑惑消除》中說"施予給精舍"是就僧團的精舍而說的嗎?這裡說的應當是按照導師的意思,當說"我們施予田地等給個人精舍"時,應當拒絕說"居士,這是不適合的。"為什麼?因為個人是那精舍的主人,施予給精舍就是施予給個人,如此則違犯"他遠離接受田地"等所說的學處。但對僧團精舍則不應拒絕。為什麼?那個人不是那僧團精舍的主人。即使奪取施予給四方僧團的任何小或大的區域也不構成波羅夷,因為全部四方僧團不可能放棄職責,因此拒絕施予給僧團精舍會成為妨礙僧團利養者。可能是就這個意思而說"施予給精舍"是就僧團精舍而說的,而不是說也可以以個人[所有]的身份接受。如此則與"由主人們放棄職責"這裡所說的情況相符:若是一人所有的水池和田地,由他放棄職責則構成波羅夷。但如果那水池是共有的,田地是個人的,由他放棄職責則構成盜取。如果田地也是共有的,則要所有人放棄職責才構成波羅夷,否則不構成,應當如此理解。這與《疑惑消除》中所說的話沒有矛盾,因此如果帶有田地等的精舍以個人[所有]的身份是不如法的,那麼個人怎麼會有關於田地等的訴訟呢?如果這樣說:"'放棄職責'這裡的'一人所有的水池田地等'是就在家人所有而說的。"這也不應這樣說。為什麼?因為看到"放棄職責"即"當主人[想]'這人頑固兇暴,可能會危及我的生命和梵行,現在我不要這個了'"這句話,因此在《疑惑消除》中說"田地是個人的,由他放棄職責"。同樣,與《顯揚心義》中所說"因為'諸比丘,我允許一切殿堂使用'這句話,即使在個人的住所,也可以作為住所使用而規定的金瓶等是可以使用的,但不可以作為自己的所有物而使用"也沒有矛盾。同樣與註釋書所說"在住所中除了不當的住所外沒有任何應當禁止的"也是一致的。同樣與"諸比丘,凡我未禁止說'這是不適合的',如果它順從於如法,抵制不如法,那對你們是適合的"這個經文也是一致的。怎樣?因為接受了以"諸比丘,我允許五種住處精舍"等所允許的精舍,而且只使用與之相關的衣服等如法資具,所以精舍、食物、病人所需、藥品資具對比丘都是完全如法和順如法的。如此與經、順經、導師說、自己見解相符合,就像恒河水與閻牟那河水混合一樣,律學專家們應當視帶有田地等的精舍即使以個人[所有]的身份接受也是如法的。這是伊西城住的大長老們的一致解答。 "凡是那些人協同盜取重物, 並且有放棄職責,未犯波羅夷, 這問題已為智者所思考。"

Ayaṃ pañhā saṅghikabhūmithenake bhikkhu sandhāya vuttā, tattha hi paccuppannasaṅghassa dhuranikkhepena cātuddisikasaṅghassa dhuranikkhepābhāvato avahāro natthīti. Ayaṃ lābhasimāya vicāraṇā.

Gāmasīmānigamasīmānagarasīmā pana pākaṭāyeva. Tāsaṃ pana viseso evaṃ veditabbo yasmiṃ pana padese āpaṇameva atthi, na pākāraparikkhittaṃ pākāraparikkhittameva vā atthi na āpaṇaṃ ayaṃ padeso gāmo nāma. Yasmiṃ pana ṭṭhāne gāmoyeva atthi, na pana āpaṇapākārā santi, ayaṃ padeso nigamo nāma. Yattha pana āpaṇampi atthi pākāraparikkhittampi, ayaṃ padeso nagaraṃ nāma. Ayaṃ padeso nāgāravanti etthāti vacanatthena rājūnaṃ vā mahāmattānaṃ vā nivāsanayogyaṭṭhānattā nagaranti vuccati. Lokiyasatthe pana.

『『Vicittadevāyatanaṃ, pāsādāpaṇamandiraṃ;

Nagaraṃ dassaye vidvā, rājamaggo pasobhita』』nti.

Vuttaṃ. Evaṃ gāmanigamanagarānaṃ visesaṃ ñatvā gāmoyeva gāmasīmā, nigamoyeva nigamasīmā, nagarameva nagarasīmāti tāsaṃ vacanattho veditabbo. Tattha yaṃ padesaṃ asammatāya bhikkhave sīmāya aṭhapitāya yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharati, yā tassa gāmassa vā gāmasīmā nigamassa vā nigamasīmā, ayaṃ tattha samānasaṃvāsā ekūposathā』ti anuññātaṃ, tasmiṃ padese sabbopi vā gāmapadeso. Yampi ekasmiṃyeva gāmakhette ekaṃ padesaṃ 『『ayaṃ visuṃ gāmo hotū』』ti paricchinditvā rājā kassaci deti sopi visuṃgāmasīmā hotiyeva tasmā sā ca itarā ca pakatigāmanagaranigamasīmā baddhasīmāsadisāyeva honti. Kevalaṃ pana ticīvaravippavāsaparihāraṃ na labhanti. Ettha ca apare evaṃ vadanti, 『『rājā pasenadīkosalādayo pokkharasātipabhutīnaṃ dakkhiṇodakapātanavasena denti viya brahmadeyyavasena dinnameva visuṃ gāmasīmā hoti, na āyamattassa, chejjabhejjassa anissarattā』』ti taṃ na panevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, chejjabhejjassa rājārahattā tathā hi lokavohārasaṅketavasena ayaṃ padeso imassa gāmassa paricchedo』』ti issarehi kataparicchinnameva pamāṇaṃ hoti. Yadi chejjabhejjakaro bhaveyya, rājātveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Sopi gāmadeso nagararajjasīmā bhaveyya, na pana gāmasīmāmattameva, tenevāha samantapāsādikāya vinayaṭṭhakathāya 『『yattake padese tassa gāmassa gāmabhojakā baliṃ labhanti, so padeso appo vā hotu mahanto vā, gāmasīmātveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Nagaranigamasīmāsupi eseva nayo』』ti. Ayaṃ gāma nigamanagarasīmānaṃ vicāraṇā.

這是完整的中文直譯: 這個問題是就偷盜僧團土地的比丘而說的,因為在那裡由於現前僧團放棄職責而四方僧團未放棄職責,所以沒有盜取。這是對利養界場的考察。 而村界、城鎮界、城市界是明顯的。它們的區別應當這樣理解:在某處只有市場,沒有圍墻環繞,或只有圍墻環繞,沒有市場,這個地方稱為村莊。在某處只有村莊,但沒有市場和圍墻,這個地方稱為城鎮。而在某處既有市場也有圍墻環繞,這個地方稱為城市。這個地方稱為城市,從語義上說是因為適合國王或大臣居住的地方稱為城市。而在世俗論中說: "具種種天寺,樓閣店舖宮, 智者顯城市,王道甚莊嚴。" 如此理解了村莊、城鎮、城市的區別后,應當理解它們的語義:村莊即是村界,城鎮即是城鎮界,城市即是城市界。其中如[佛]所允許的:"諸比丘,在未結界、未設立的地方,依止某村莊或城鎮而住,那個村莊的村界或城鎮的城鎮界,在那裡即是共住共布薩",在那個地方所有的村莊地區,即使在一個村莊區域內,國王劃定一處說"這成為獨立村莊"而施予某人,那也就成為獨立的村界,因此那個和其他原有的村莊城市城鎮界都如同結界一樣。只是不得免除離三衣[的過失]。這裡有些人這樣說:"就像拘薩羅王波斯匿等以灌頂水的方式施予布庫拉沙帝等人那樣,只有以婆羅門封地的方式施予的才成為獨立村界,不是[施予]收入而已,因為[受施者]對處罰沒收沒有權力。"但不應這樣理解,因為處罰沒收是國王的權力,因此按照世間習慣約定"這個地方是這個村莊的界限"由當權者所劃定的才是準則。如果是執行處罰沒收的,就只能算是國王。那個村莊地區就會成為王城界,而不只是村界而已。因此在《一切歡喜》律注中說:"在那個村莊的村長們收取貢稅的任何地方,無論那個地方是小是大,都算作村界。在城市界和城鎮界也是這個道理。"這是對村莊城鎮城市界的考察。

Abbhantarasīmā nāma yaṃ paṭapadesaṃ agāmake bhikkhave araññe samantā sattabbhantarā, ayaṃ tattha samānasaṃvāsā ekūposathā』ti anuññātā abbhantarasīmā nāma. Tattha samantā sattabbhantarāti yasmiṃ viñjhāṭavisadise araññe bhikkhu vasati, athassa ṭhitokāsato samantā puratthimāya sattabbhantarā pacchimāya sattabbhantarā dakkhiṇāya sattabbhantarā uttarāya sattabbhantarāti samantā sattabbhantarā. Vinibbedhena cuddasā ti puratthimapacchimavasena cuddasabbhantarā, dakkhiṇuttaravasenapi cuddasabbhantarāti evaṃ nibbedhena cuddasa cuddasa katvā samantā aṭṭhavīsati abbhantarā honti. Ettha ca ekaṃ abbhantaraṃ aṭṭhavīsati hatthappamāṇaṃ hoti, tasmā puratthimāya sattabbhantare channavutisatahatthappamāṇaṃ hoti, evaṃ dakkhiṇuttarapacchimesupīti sabbaṃ sampiṇḍetvā caturāsītisattasatahatthappamāṇaṃ hoti. Parimaṇḍalavasena pana sabbaṃ chasattatiekasatuttarāni ca ekaṃ sahassañca hoti. Pakatiayanavasena minite pana –

『『Pañcahattho mato daṇḍo, vīsadaṇḍo usabho;

Athītiusabhā gāvī, catugāvī yojana』』nti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 所謂內界是如[佛]所允許的:"諸比丘,在無村落的森林中,周圍七個內量,這裡是共住共布薩"的那塊區域稱為內界。其中"周圍七個內量"是指:比丘住在如毗陀山林般的森林中,從他站立的地方向東七個內量,向西七個內量,向南七個內量,向北七個內量,這就是周圍七個內量。穿過則是十四,即東西方向十四個內量,南北方向也是十四個內量,如此穿過而成十四乘十四,周圍共二十八個內量。這裡一個內量等於二十八腕尺,因此向東七個內量等於一百九十六腕尺,向南北西也是如此,全部加起來等於七百八十四腕尺。而按圓形計算則總共是一千一百七十一腕尺。按照普通計量方式測量則: "五腕尺為杖,二十杖為牛距, 八十牛距為牛程,四牛程為由旬。"

Vuttattā ayanavasena vinibbedhe cuddasabbhantare dvehatthādhikaaṭṭhasattati hoti. Sabbaṃ aṭṭhavīsati abbhantaraṃ sampiṇḍetvā catuhatthādhikachappaññāsuttara ekasataṃ hoti. Parimaṇḍalavasena pana chahatthādhikacatutiṃsuttaradvesatāni honti, usabhavasena pana vinibbedhena cuddasa abbhantare dvehi ūnāni cattāri usabhāni ca dveratanañca honti. Sabbaṃ sampiṇḍetvā aṭṭhavīsatiyā abbhantare caturatanañca soḷasa ayanāni adhikāni satta usabhāni honti. Parimaṇḍalavasena pana charatanañca cuddasaayanāni ca adhikāni ekādasa usabhāni honti. Ayamettha sārato vinicchayo. Keci pana abbhantarasaddaṃ hattharatanavācakaṃ parikappetvā evaṃ vadanti majjhe ṭhitassa samantā satta vinibbedhena cuddasā』ti vuttattā puratthimāya satta hatthā dakkhiṇuttarapacchimesupi satta satta hatthāti katvā evaṃ nibbedhena cuddasa hatthā honti. Sabbaṃ sampiṇḍetvā aṭṭhavīsatihatthaṃ abbhantaranti taṃ tesaṃ matimattameva, na sārato paccetabbaṃ. Kasmā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ tattha ekaṃ abbhantaraṃ aṭṭhavīsatihattha』nti vuttattā. Yadi tesaṃ matena sabbaṃ sampiṇḍetvā aṭṭhavīsatihatthabbhantaraṃ bhaveyya, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ tattha abbhantaraṃ nāma aṭṭhavīsatihatthappamāṇaṃ hoti, majjhe ṭhitassa samantā sattavinibbedhena cuddasā hontī』ti vattabbaṃ bhaveyya, na panevaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā taṃ tesaṃ matimattamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tattha ayañhetthattho tattha tatthā』ti niddhāraṇe bhummaṃ. Ekanti gaṇanaparicchedo. Abbhantaranti paricchinnaniddeso, niyamitaparidīpanaṃ vā. Aṭṭhavīsatihatthappamāṇanti paricchinditabbadhammasamudāyaniddeso tattha tesu samantā sattabbhantaresu ekaṃ abbhantaraṃ nāma aṭṭhavīsatihatthappamāṇaṃ hotīti attho daṭṭhabbo. Ettha pana saṅkhyā kathetabbā. Sā duvidhā parimāṇaminanavasena. Tattha parimāṇa saṅkhyā evaṃ veditabbā catasso muṭṭhiyo eko kuḍuvo. Cattāro kuḍuvā eko pattho, cattāro patthā eko āḷhako. Cattāro āḷhakā ekaṃ doṇaṃ, cattāri doṇāni ekā mānikā. Catasso mānikā ekā khārī. Vīsati khārikā eko vāho. Tadeva ekaṃ sakaṭanti suttanipātaṭṭhakathādīsu vuttaṃ. Sāratthadīpaniyaṃ pana nava vāhasahassānīti ettha catasso muṭṭhiyo kuḍuvo, cattāro kuḍuvā eko pattho, cattāro patthā eko āḷhako. Cattāro āḷhakā ekaṃ doṇaṃ, cattāri doṇāni ekā mānikā, cattasso mānikā ekā khārī. Vīsatikhārikā eko vāho. Tadeva ekaṃ sakaṭanti suttanipātaṭṭhakathādīsu vutta』nti vatvā 『『idha pana dve sakaṭāni eko vāhoti vadantī』』ti likhitaṃ paccantavohārena minite pana saṭṭhisataṃ eko vāhoti rañño dhammāsokassa sūvakāhatasāliyā minite pana paccantavohārena vīsādhikatisataṃ hoti eko vāhoti vadanti. Minana saṅkhyā pana evaṃ veditabbā. Tathā hi –

『『Chattiṃsa paramāṇūnaṃ, aṇumattanti vuccati;

Chattiṃ saaṇumattaṃ, tajjārīti pavuccati.

Chattiṃ samattātajjārī, rathareṇupamāṇaṃ;

Chattiṃsa rathareṇū ca, ekā likkhāti vuccati.

Sattalikkhā ca ekūkā, sattūkā dhaññamāsako;

Sattadhaññaṅguli ekā, vidatthi dvādasaṅguli.

Dve vidatthitu ratanaṃ, sattahatthaṃ ekayaṭṭhi;

Vīsayaṭṭhitu usabhaṃ, usabhāsīti gāvutaṃ;

Gāvutāni cattāri, meruyojananti vuccatī』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 因此說按計量方式穿過十四個內量等於七十八腕尺又二腕尺。全部二十八個內量加起來等於一百五十六腕尺又四腕尺。而按圓形計算則是二百三十四腕尺又六腕尺。按牛距計算則穿過十四個內量等於四個牛距少二[腕尺]和二拉塔那。全部加起來二十八個內量等於七個牛距又十六計量又四拉塔那。而按圓形計算則是十一個牛距又十四計量又六拉塔那。這是這裡的要義判定。但有些人推測內量一詞表示腕尺拉塔那,這樣說:因為說"從中間站立者周圍七,穿過則十四",所以向東七腕尺,向南北西也各七腕尺,如此穿過則是十四腕尺。全部加起來二十八腕尺是內量,這只是他們的見解,不應從要義上接受。為什麼?因為在註釋書中說"這裡一個內量等於二十八腕尺"。如果按他們的見解全部加起來是二十八腕尺的內量,那麼註釋書就應該說"這裡所謂內量即是二十八腕尺的量,從中間站立者周圍七穿過則十四",但並非如此說,因此應當視為僅是他們的見解。這裡的意思是:"這裡"是分別的處格。"一"是數量的確定。"內量"是被確定的指示,或是規定的說明。"二十八腕尺量"是被確定的法的集合指示,這裡應當理解為在那些周圍七個內量中,一個內量即是二十八腕尺量的意思。這裡應當說數量。它有兩種,即容量和測量。其中容量數應當這樣理解:四捧為一庫度婆,四庫度婆為一缽他,四缽他為一阿拉卡,四阿拉卡為一督那,四督那為一摩尼卡,四摩尼卡為一卡利,二十卡利為一瓦訶,那就是一車,如在《經集註》等中所說。但在《顯揚心義》中說"九千瓦訶"時說"四捧為一庫度婆,四庫度婆為一缽他,四缽他為一阿拉卡,四阿拉卡為一督那,四督那為一摩尼卡,四摩尼卡為一卡利,二十卡利為一瓦訶,那就是一車,如在《經集註》等中所說"之後寫道:"但這裡說兩車為一瓦訶。"按邊地習慣測量則一百六十為一瓦訶,而按阿育王的白米測量則按邊地習慣是三百二十為一瓦訶,他們說。而測量數應當這樣理解。即: "三十六極微,稱為微塵量, 三十六微塵,稱為窗隙塵。 三十六窗塵,等於車輪塵, 三十六車塵,稱為一虱量。 七虱為一鼠,七鼠穀麥量, 七谷一指節,十二指一張。 兩張為一拉,七腕尺一杖, 二十杖牛距,八十距一伽, 四伽稱由旬,如此應了知。"

Vuttattā ekā rajo paramāṇu atisukhumā acakkhuviññeyyā, sarīrampi ghanaselamayaṃ sinerupabbatarājampi vinijjhitvā gatā. Tassā chattiṃsaparimāṇaṃ ekoaṇu tajjāritassa chattiṃsaparimāṇaṃ ekārathareṇu. Tassā chattiṃsaparimāṇaṃ ekalikkhā. Sattalikkhā ekā ūkā. Satta ūkā ekaṃ dhaññaṃ. Sattadhaññaṃ ekā aṅguli, dvādasaaṅguli ekā vidatthi. Dve vidatthi ekaratanaṃ. Sattahatthaṃ ekayaṭṭhi, vīsayaṭṭhi ekā usabhā, asīti usabhā gāvutaṃ. Cattāri gāvutāni meruyojananti vuccati. Tattha aṇurajo kiḷañjakuṭṭachiddādīsu vāte pahaṭakāle sūriyālokesu dissati. Tajjārī pana sakaṭamaggādīsu dakkhiṇavāma passādīsu dissati . Rathareṇu pana tassā allīyanaṭṭhānesu dissati. Likkhā pana atioḷārikā pākaṭā hoti. Ayaṃ meruayanavasena vuttaṃ.

Aparampi

『『Dasa kesā ekatilaṃ, chatilaṃ yavakaṃ bhave;

Catuyavañca aṅguli, pañcadasa ekapāda』』nti.

Vuttattā dasa kesā ekatilaṃ nāma. Chatilaṃ ekaṃ yavaṃ nāma. Catuyavaṃ eko aṅguli nāma. Pañcadasaṅguliyo eko pādoti vuccati. Idaṃ tīsu vedesu āgatavasena vuttaṃ.

Aparampi

『『Dasa kesā ekatilaṃ, chatilaṃ yavakaṃ bhave;

Catuyavañca aṅguli, aṭṭhaṅguli ekā muṭṭhi, ratanaṃ timuṭṭhi bhave』』ti.

Vuttattā dasakesā ekaṃ tilaṃ nāma. Chatilaṃ ekaṃ yavaṃ nāma. Catuyavaṃ ekāaṅguli nāma. Aṭṭhaṅgulaṃ ekāmuṭṭhi. Trimuṭṭhi ekaratanaṃ. Pañca ratanāni ekodaṇḍo. Vīsati daṇḍāni ekousabho. Asīti usabhā ekā gāvī. Catasso gāviyo ekayojananti vuttaṃ, tenevāha.

『『Pañcahattho mato daṇḍo, vīsadaṇḍo ca usabho;

Asīti usabhā gāvī, catugāvī ca yojana』』nti.

Idaṃ pakatiayanavasena vuttaṃ. Cakkavāḷaayanayojanavasena pana

『『Sattahattho mato daṇḍo, vīsadaṇḍo ca usabho;

Asīti usabhā gāvī, catugāvī ca yojana』』nti vuttaṃ.

Aparampi.

『『Dasa kesā ekatilaṃ; Chatilaṃ ekaṃ yavaṃ;

Catuyavaṃ ekaṅguli; Aṭṭhaṅgulaṃ ekāmuṭṭhi;

Trimuṭṭhi ekaratanaṃ, aṭṭhavīsatiratanaṃ ekaṃabbhantaranti.

Vuttaṃ. Tenevāha 『『tattha ekaṃ aṭṭhavīsatihattappamāṇaṃ hotī』』ti. Ettha ca agāmake ceti ettha akāro kataratthoti, tathā hi akāro.

Paṭisedhe vuddhitabbhāve, aññatthe sadisepica;

Viruddhe garahe suññe, akāro viraha』ppake』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 因此說一個塵是極微,極其微細,肉眼不可見,能穿透身體乃至堅固的須彌山王。三十六極微等於一微塵,三十六微塵等於一窗隙塵,三十六窗隙塵等於一車輪塵。三十六車輪塵等於一虱量。七虱等於一鼠,七鼠等於一穀麥,七穀麥等於一指節,十二指節等於一張,兩張等於一拉塔那,七腕尺等於一杖,二十杖等於一牛距,八十牛距等於一伽浮陀,四伽浮陀稱為彌盧由旬。其中微塵在蓆子縫隙等處當風吹時在陽光中可見。窗隙塵則在車道兩側可見。車輪塵在其附著處可見。虱量則較粗大明顯。這是按彌盧計量所說。 另外: "十發一芝麻,六麻成一麥, 四麥為指節,十五節一足。" 因此說十發等於一芝麻,六芝麻等於一麥,四麥等於一指節,十五指節等於一足。這是根據三吠陀所說。 另外: "十發一芝麻,六麻成一麥, 四麥為指節,八指一握拳,三握成一拉。" 因此說十發等於一芝麻,六芝麻等於一麥,四麥等於一指節,八指節等於一握,三握等於一拉塔那,五拉塔那等於一杖,二十杖等於一牛距,八十牛距等於一牛程,四牛程等於一由旬,因此說: "五腕尺為杖,二十杖牛距, 八十距牛程,四牛程由旬。" 這是按普通計量所說。而按輪圍計量由旬則說: "七腕尺為杖,二十杖牛距, 八十距牛程,四牛程由旬。" 另外: "十發一芝麻,六麻成一麥, 四麥為指節,八指一握拳, 三握成一拉,二十八拉一內量。" 因此說"這裡一個等於二十八腕尺量。"這裡"在無村落"中的'a'字是什麼意思?因為'a'字: "在否定和增長,及另義相似, 相違貶斥空,離缺皆可用。";

Vuttesu dissati tathā hi ajanetvā tiādīsu paṭisedhe dissati. 『『Aparihānīyā dhammā』』ti ādīsu vuddhimhi. 『『Anavajjaṃ bhante』』ti ādīsu tabbhāve akkharā』ti ādīsu aññatthe. 『『Amaru rājā』』tiādīsu sadise. 『『Amala』』nti ādīsu viruddhe. 『『Aseṭṭhoyaṃ brāhmaṇo abrahmacārī』』ti ādīsu garahe. 『『Agāmo』』ti ādīsu suññe. 『『Apatikāyaṃitthī』』ti ādīsu virahe. 『『Atha nāyaṃ kaññā』』ti ādīsu appake. Idha pana suññe virahe vā daṭṭhabbo. Suññatthena pana agāmake nimanusse kevalāraññeti attho. Virahattho vā agāmake gāmavirahite padeseti attho daṭṭhabbo. Teneva suññatthena virahatthena 『『agāmake』』timināpadena gāmanadījātassarasamudde muñcitvā yaṃ anavasesaṃ heṭṭhā pathavīsandhārakaudakampiudakasandhārako vātopi ajaṭākāsampi, tathā yāva uparibrahmalokaṃ upādāya sabbaṃ asurayakkhasurādiākāsaṭṭhakadevabrahmavimānānipi araññantveva saṅgahitā. Nadīsamuddantaresupi macchabandhānaṃ agamanapatho dīpako vā pabbato vā, sopi araññasīmātveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati, tasmā ayaṃ sattabbhantarasīmā nimanusse kevalāraññe pathavīmaṇḍalepi devaloke vimānakapparukkhādīsupi labbhateva. Pathaviyaṃ pana yasmiṃ gāmakhette heṭṭhā pathaviyā yattha vā suvaṇṇamaṇiādīni khaṇitvā gahetuṃ sakkonti, taṃ padesaṃ gāmakhettameva. Tato parā yāva pathavīsandhārakaudakā ajaṭākāsepi labbhateva. Nanu chakāmāvacara devalokesupi devavimānakapparukkhagāmanigamādayopi attheva. Atha kasmā 『『araññā』』ti kathitāti amanussā vā sattā jātibhinnattā ca te agāmāyeva, teneva 『『nimanussamhi araññamhī』』ti vuttaṃ. Tiracchānavatthusmimpi 『『nāgo vā hotu supaṇṇamāṇavakādīnaṃ vā aññataro antamaso sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ upādāya yo koci amanussajātiko sabbova imasmiṃ atthe tiracchānagatoti veditabbo』』ti vuttaṃ, tasmā jātibhinnatāya amanussāvāso araññanti veditabbo. Abbhantarasīmāya vicāraṇā.

這是完整的中文直譯: 在所說中可見,如在"不知"等中表示否定。在"不退失法"等中表示增長。在"無過,尊者"等中表示具有。在"字母"等中表示另義。在"不死王"等中表示相似。在"無垢"等中表示相違。在"這個婆羅門非善非梵行"等中表示貶斥。在"無村"等中表示空。在"這女人無夫"等中表示離。在"這不是處女"等中表示少。這裡應當理解為空或離。以空的意思,無村落即無人,純粹森林的意思。或以離的意思,無村落即離開村落的地方的意思。因此以空的意思和離的意思,"無村落"這個詞,除了村莊、河流、天然池塘、海洋外,其餘一切下至支撐大地的水、支撐水的風、虛空,以及上至梵天界的一切阿修羅、夜叉、天神等空居天神、梵天宮殿都包括在森林中。在河海之間漁夫不能到達的小島或山,那也算作森林界。因此這個七內量界在無人的純粹森林、大地上以及天界的宮殿、如意樹等處都可獲得。但在地上,在村莊區域下面的地下能挖掘獲取金銀珠寶等的地方,那個地方就是村莊區域。從那以下直到支撐大地的水和虛空都可獲得。難道在六慾界天中不也有天宮、如意樹、村莊、城鎮等嗎?那為什麼說是"森林"呢?因為非人眾生由於種姓不同所以就是無村,因此說"無人的森林"。在畜生事中也說"無論是龍或金翅鳥青年等之一,乃至包括帝釋天王在內,任何非人種類在這裡都應理解為畜生",因此應當理解由於種姓不同,非人住處即是森林。這是對內界的考察。

Idāni udakukkhepasīmāya saṃvaṇṇanākkamo sampatto. Tattha 『『sabbā bhikkhave nadī asīmā. Sabbo samuddo asīmo. Sabbo jātassaro asīmo. Nadiyā vā bhikkhave samudde vā jātassare vā yaṃ majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhepā, ayaṃ tattha samānasaṃvāsā ekūposathā』』ti paññattā, ayaṃ udakukkhepasīmā nāma. Tattha 『『sabbā bhikkhave nadī asīmā』』ti ettha asīmasadde akāro virahattho, asīmā baddhasīmā virahitāti attho. Ñattidutiyakammavācaṃ sāvetvāpi bandhasīmāvirahitāti vuttaṃ hoti. Paṭisedhattho vā, asammannitabbāti attho. Vuḍḍhiattho vā, 『『asekkhā dhammā』』ti yathā sikkhitasikkhā niṭṭhitasikkhāti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ asīmāsīmakiccaniṭṭhappattāti attho. Ñattidutiyakamma vācaṃ sāvetvā sammatāpi asammatāyeva, attano sabhāveneva gāmasīmā viya baddhasīmāsadisāti vuttaṃ hoti. Etena nadījātassarasamuddānaṃ baddhasīmāya akhettabhāvo dassito hoti. Evaṃ 『『sabbā bhikkhave nadī asīmā』』tiādinā nadīsamuddajātassarānaṃ baddhasīmābhāvaṃ paṭikkhipitvā tattha lokavohārasiddhāsu etāsu nadīādīsu abaddhasīmāsu puna vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ vālikādīhi sīmaparicchindanaṃ kattukāmo bhagavā 『『nadiyā vā bhikkhave samudde vā jātassare vā yaṃ majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhepā』』ti ādimāha. Tattha majjhimassa purisassati thāmamajjhimassa purisassa tenevāha samantapākādikāya vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ 『『thāmamajjhimena purisenā』』ti. Yadi vaḍḍhakīpurisamiccheyya, 『『vaḍḍhakīpurisenā』』ti vuttaṃ bhaveyya, na panevaṃ vuttaṃ, tena ñāyati 『『thāmamajjhimassa purisassā』』ti. Tividhā hi purisā uttamapuriso majjhimapuriso pakatipurisoti. Tattha uttamapuriso nāma sabbaññu bhagavā, so hi bhagavā sabbasattuttamo thāmayasasampattiissariyādīhi tathā hi tathāgatassa thāmo.

『『Kāḷāvakañca gaṅgeyyaṃ, paṇḍaraṃ tambapiṅgalaṃ;

Gandhamaṅgalahemañca, uposathaṃ chaddantime』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 現在到了水界的註釋順序。其中如[佛]所制定的:"諸比丘,一切河流是無界。一切海洋是無界。一切天然池塘是無界。諸比丘,在河流或海洋或天然池塘中,中等人四周投水所及之處,這裡是共住共布薩",這稱為水界。其中"諸比丘,一切河流是無界"這裡"無界"的'a'字表示離義,無界即離開結界的意思。意思是即使宣說白二羯磨文也是離開結界。或表示否定義,意思是不應結界。或表示增長義,如"無學法"說為已學習、已完成學習,如此無界即已完成界事的意思。意思是即使宣說白二羯磨文而結界也如同未結界,以其自性如村界般相當於結界。由此顯示河流、天然池塘、海洋不是結界的場所。如此以"諸比丘,一切河流是無界"等否定河流、海洋、天然池塘的結界性后,世尊爲了在這些在世間習慣上成立的未結界的河流等中避免別眾羯磨,想要用沙等劃定界限,因此說"諸比丘,在河流或海洋或天然池塘中,中等人四周投水所及之處"等。其中"中等人"是體力中等的人,因此在《一切歡喜》律注等中說"由體力中等的人"。如果要指木匠,就會說"由木匠",但並非如此說,由此知道是"體力中等的人"。因為人有三種:最上人、中等人、普通人。其中最上人即是一切知者世尊,因為那世尊在體力、名聲、成就、自在等方面是一切眾生中最上的,因此如來的體力[如偈頌所說]: "迦羅瓦迦與恒河象,班達拉與銅色褐色, 香象吉祥金象[八象],優波薩他為最後。"

Vuttānaṃ dasannaṃ hatthikulānaṃ balānusārena veditabbo. Tattha kāḷāvaka nti pakatihatthikulaṃ yaṃ dasannaṃ purisānaṃ kāyabalaṃ, taṃ ekassa kāḷāvakassa hatthino balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ kāḷāvakānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa gaṅgeyyassa balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ gaṅgeyyānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa paṇḍarassa balaṃ, yaṃ dasannaṃ paṇḍarānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa tambassa balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ tambānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa piṅgalassa balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ piṅgalānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa gandhahatthino balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ gandhahatthīnaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa maṅgalassa balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ maṅgalānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa hemassa balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ hemavatānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa uposathassa balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ uposathānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa chaddantassa balaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ chaddantānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa tathāgatassa kāyabalaṃ. 『『Nārāyanasaṅkhātaṃ bala』』ntipi idameva vuccati. Tattha nārā vuccanti rasmiyo, tā bahū nānāvidhā tato uppajjantīti nārayanaṃ, vajiraṃ, tasmā vajirasaṅkhātaṃ balanti pi attho, tadetaṃ pakatihatthigaṇanāya hatthikoṭisahassaṃ, purisagaṇanāya dasannaṃ purisakoṭisahassānaṃ balaṃ hoti, idaṃ tathāgatassa kāyabalaṃ. Issariyādibalavidhānaṃ pana taṃtaṃ suttānusārena veditabbaṃ. Majjhimapuriso nāma vaḍḍhakipuriso so hi tathāgatassa balaṃ paṭicca sinerupabbatarājaṃ sāsapabījena minanto viya satenapisahassenapi satasahassenapi minetuṃ abhabbo, antamaso pādaṅguṭṭha so pādaṅguṭṭhakampi gaṇhetuṃ abhabbova. Tassa pakatipurisato mahantabhāvena majjhe bhavattā majjhimapuriso nāma jāto, tathā hi sugatavidatthi vaḍḍhakissa tisso vidatthiyo, vaḍḍhakihatthena diyaḍḍhahattho hoti, tathā vaḍḍhakividatthi pakatipurisassa dve vidatthiyo, pakatipurisahatthena paripuṇṇahattho hoti tathā hi sugatavidatthi nāma idāni majjhimassa purisassa tisso vidatthiyo, vaḍḍhakihatthena diyaḍḍho hattho hotīti kuṭikārasikkhāpadaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Ayaṃ idha majjhimapurisoti nādhippetā. Kasmā kuṭikārasikkhāpadeyeva tihatthāti vaḍḍhakihatthena tihatthā. Pamāṇayutto mañcoti pakatividatthiyā navavidatthippamāṇo mañcoti vuccati yathā, evaṃ majjhimapurisenā』ti idha avatvā』thāmamajjhimena purisenā』ti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā. Pakatipuriso nāma』yaṃ dasannaṃ purisānaṃ kāyabalaṃ, taṃ ekassa kāḷāvakassa hatthino bala』nti vuttapuriso pakatipuriso nāma. Tattha kiñcāpi ekacce puññavantā rājā ajātasattu jīvako komārabhacco itthiyāpi visākhā migāramātāti evamādayo pañcannaṃ hatthīnaṃ balaṃ dhārenti, na pana te majjhimapurisā nāma honti, pakatipuriso yeva, puññavantabhāvena visesapurisattā. Idha pana pakatipurisoyeva thāma majjhimapurisoti adhippeto. Udakukkhepāti udakukkhepena paricchinnā, tenevāha mātikāṭṭhakathāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ udakukkhepāti karaṇatthe nissakkavacananti āha. Udakukkhepenā』ti ayañhetthattho .

這是完整的中文直譯: 所說的十種象族的力量應當這樣理解。其中"迦羅瓦迦"是普通象族,十個人的體力等於一頭迦羅瓦迦象的力量。十頭迦羅瓦迦象的力量等於一頭恒河象的力量。十頭恒河象的力量等於一頭班達拉象的力量。十頭班達拉象的力量等於一頭銅像的力量。十頭銅像的力量等於一頭褐色象的力量。十頭褐色象的力量等於一頭香象的力量。十頭香象的力量等於一頭吉祥象的力量。十頭吉祥象的力量等於一頭金象的力量。十頭金象的力量等於一頭優波薩他像的力量。十頭優波薩他像的力量等於一頭六牙象的力量。十頭六牙象的力量等於如來的一分體力。這也稱為"那羅延力"。其中"那羅"指光線,因為從那裡產生許多不同的[光線],所以稱為那羅延,即金剛,因此也意為金剛力。這按普通象計數為十億象,按人計數等於十億人的力量,這是如來的體力。而自在等力的區分應當依照各經了知。所謂中等人即木匠,因為他對比如來的力量,就像用芥子來測量須彌山王一樣,即使以百、千、十萬也不能測量,乃至連腳趾也不能握持。因為他比普通人大而處於中間,所以稱為中等人。因此善逝張手等於木匠三張手,按木匠肘等於一肘半,如此木匠張手等於普通人兩張手,按普通人肘等於整一肘,因此在小屋學處注中說:所謂善逝張手即今中等人三張手,按木匠肘等於一肘半。這裡不是指這個中等人。為什麼?因為在小屋學處中說三肘是按木匠肘。如說符合尺寸的床即按普通張手九張手尺寸的床,如此這裡不說"由中等人"而在註釋書中說"由體力中等的人"。所謂普通人即如前所說"十個人的體力等於一頭迦羅瓦迦象的力量"中的人稱為普通人。其中雖然有些具福德的國王如阿阇世王、耆婆醫師,女人如毗舍佉彌迦羅母等具有五象之力,但他們不稱為中等人,只是普通人,因為以具福德而成為特殊人。但這裡指的是普通人即是體力中等人。"投水所及"即由投水所限定,因此在《攝頌注》《顯明隱義》中說"投水所及"是工具格的出格語。"由投水"即是這裡的意思。

Nadīsamuddajātassaresu yaṃṭhānaṃ majjimassa purisassa samantā parisapariyantato udakukkhepena paricchinnaṃ, ayaṃ tattha nadīādīsu lokavohāra siddhāsu tāsueva abaddhasīmāsu aparāpi samānasaṃvāsā ekūposathāti kaṅkhāvitaraṇiyaṃ pana yaṃ majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhepāti yaṃ ṭhānaṃ thāmamajjhimassa purisassa samantato udakukkhepena paricchinnaṃ. Tattha yathā akkhadhuttā dāruguḷaṃ khipanti, evaṃ udakaṃ vā vālikaṃ vā hatthena gahetvā majjhimena purisena sabbathāmena khipitabbaṃ. Yattha evaṃ khittaṃ udakaṃ vā vālikā patati, ayaṃ udakukkhepo nāma. Ayaṃ tattha samāna saṃvāsā ekūposathāti, ayaṃ tesu nadīādīsu udakukkhepaparicchinnā sīmā samānasaṃvāsāceva ekūposathācā』ti atthayojanaṃ katvā ayaṃ etesaṃ nadīādīnaṃ antoyeva labbhati, na bahi, tasmā nadiyā vā jātassare vā yattakaṃ padesaṃ pakativassakāle catūsu māsesu udakaṃ ottharati, samudde yasmiṃ padese pakativīciyo osaritvā saṇṭhahanti, tatopaṭṭhāya kappiyabhūmi. Dubbuṭṭhikāle vā gimhe vā nadījātassaresu sukkhesupi sāeva kappiyabhūmi. Sace pana sukkhe jātassare vāpiṃ vā khaṇanti vappaṃ vā karonti, taṃ ṭhānaṃ gāmakhettaṃ hoti. Yā panesā kappiyabhūmīti vuttā, tato bahi udakukkhepasīmā na gacchati, antoyeva gacchati, tasmā tesaṃ antoparisapariyantato paṭṭhāya samantāudakukkhepa paricchedo kātabbo』』ti vuttaṃ. Gaṇṭhipade pana yaṃ majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhepāti pana etissā nadiyā catuvaggādīnaṃ saṅghānaṃ visuṃ catuvaggakaraṇīyādikammakaraṇakāle sīmāparicchedadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, ticīvarena vippavāsaparicchedadassanatthampi sattabbhantarasīmāya paricchedadassanaṃ viyāti ācariyā, tasmā udakukkhepaparicchedābhāvepi antonadiyaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti siddha』nti likhitaṃ. Tattha udakukkhepaparicchedābhāvepī』ti idaṃ padaṃ samantato udakukkhepena paricchinna』nti mahāaṭṭhakathāvacanena vā samantā udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabbo』ti mātikāṭṭhakathāya kaṅkhā vitaraṇiyañca vuttavacanena vā, 『『tatthāpi hi majjhimapuriso na ñāyati, tathā sabbathāmena khipana』』nti vā, 『『etadatthameva hi vālikādīhi sīmaparicchindana』』nti vā vimativinodanīvacanehi vā na sameti. Ganthakārenāpi parūpavādavivajjanatthaṃ 『『ayaṃ amhākaṃ khantī』』ti avatvā』acariyā』ti aññakattāre nidassitvā parato nigamane 『『idaṃ sabbaṃ suṭṭhu vicāretvā garukule payirupāsitvā gahetabbaṃ yuttaṃ gahetabbaṃ, itaraṃ chaḍḍetabba』』nti vuttaṃ tasmā aññesaṃ ācariyānaṃ matena likhitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

這是完整的中文直譯: 在河流、海洋、天然池塘中,體力中等的人從會眾邊際四周投水所及之處所限定的地方,這在那些河流等世間習慣上成立的未結界處又是共住共布薩。在《斷疑》中說"中等人四周投水所及"即體力中等的人從四周投水所限定的地方。在那裡如同賭徒投擲木球一樣,體力中等的人應當用手拿著水或沙用盡全力投擲。投擲的水或沙落下之處,這稱為投水所及。"這裡是共住共布薩",即這在那些河流等處由投水所限定的界是共住和共布薩,如此作義理連線后說這隻在這些河流等之內獲得,不在外部。因此在河流或天然池塘中在正常雨季四個月被水淹沒的區域,在海洋中正常波浪退去停止之處開始,是凈地。即使在少雨季節或夏季河流天然池塘乾涸時也是那個凈地。但如果在乾涸的天然池塘中挖池或耕種,那個地方成為村莊區域。而這所說的凈地,投水界不能超出其外,只能在內部,因此從它們內部會眾邊際開始應當作四周投水限定。在《綱要書》中寫道:"'中等人四周投水所及'是爲了顯示在這河流中四眾等僧團各自作四眾羯磨等事時的界限,也爲了顯示三衣離宿的界限,如七內量界的界限顯示",諸師說,因此即使沒有投水限定也可以在河內作[羯磨]。其中"即使沒有投水限定"這個詞與大注"由四周投水所限定"的說法,或與《攝頌注》和《斷疑》中說"應當作四周投水限定"的說法,或與《遣除疑惑》中"因為這裡也不知道中等人,如此用盡全力投擲",或"正是為此目的以沙等限定界"的說法都不相符。註疏作者爲了避免他人誹謗,沒有說"這是我們的見解",而是舉示其他作者說"諸師",後來在結論中說"這一切應當善加考察后親近師長處學習,應當取合理的,其他的應當捨棄",因此應當視為依其他諸師的見解而寫。

Aññathā tissopi saṅgītiyo ārūḷhe aṭṭhakathāvacane ca kaṅkhāvitaraṇī-vimativinodanīvacanāni ca makkhetabbāni bhaveyyuṃ, ganthāpi aññamaññaviruddhā bhaveyyuṃ, bhagavatā paññattasikkhāpadampi sāvakānaṃ matena paṭisaṅkharitabbaṃ bhaveyya bhagavatā paññattasikkhāpadaṃ pana na makkhetabbaṃ, yathā paññatteyeva vattitabbaṃ vakkhati hi vatthuṃ jānitvāpi majjaṃ pivato bhikkhussa pācittiyaṃ, sāmaṇerassa pana jānitvā pivato sīlabhedo, na ajānitvāti vuttaṃ tattha kāraṇaṃ maggitabbaṃ, sikkhāpada paññattiyā buddhānameva visayattā na vā maggitabbaṃ, yathā paññatteyeva vattitabba』nti tasmā samantā udakukkhepāti paññattasikkhāpadānurūpaṃ samantato udakukkhepena paricchinnanti vā udakaṃ ukkhipitabbanti vā udakukkhepena pi paricchinnā sīmātivā samantā udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabboti vā vuttadhammasaṅgāhakattherānaṃ vacanameva pamāṇaṃ te hi buddhamataññuno, idañca vacanaṃ bhagavato na paccakkhavacanaṃ nāpisaṅgāhakattherānaṃ vacanaṃ athavā 『『yaṃ majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhepā』』ti pana etissā nadiyā…pe… sattabbhantarasīmāya paricchedadassanaṃ viya sīmaparicchedadassanatthaṃ vutta』nti ācariyā yasmā vadanti, tasmā udakukkhepaparicchedābhāvepi antonadiyaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti siddhanti imissā atthayojanāya na dhammasaṅgāhakattherāpi paviṭṭhā, ganthakāropi apaviṭṭho. Kasmāti ce tissopi saṅgītiyo ārūḷhesu vinayaṭṭhakathāsuceva tabbivaraṇabhūtāsu silokaṭīkāsu ca 『『udakukkhepena paricchinnaṃ, udakaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ, udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabbo』』ti ādinā bahūhi ākārehi udakukkhepaparicchedameva likhanti, tasmā dhammasaṅgāhakattherāpi appaviṭṭhāti viññāyati ganthakāro pi parūpavādavivajjanatthaṃ 『『ācariyā』』ti aññakattāre nidasseti, tasmā gantthakāropi appaviṭṭhoti viññāyati, idañca vacanaṃ kesañci therānaṃ attanomati, attanomatica nāmesā sabbadubbalā, sinerupabbatarājaṃ sāsapabījena minento viya sabbaññubuddhena paññattassa udakukkhepāti sikkhāpadassa atthaṃ vadantānaṃ mahākassapayasamoggaliputtatissapabhutīnañca tesaṃ sissānusissānaṃ mahāvihāravāsīnañca vacanaṃ ko nāma puggalo makkhetuṃ sakkhissati, upasampadādikammassa ca garukammattā sāsanassa mūlattā ca garukeyeva ṭhātabbaṃ. 『『Yaṃ majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhepā』』ti bhagavatā paññattaṃ, kathaṃ majjhimassa purisassa udakukkhepārahaṭṭhānameva udakukkhepasīmā, udāhu udakukkhepeneva udakukkhepasīmāti codanaṃ pariharanto aṭṭhakathācariyo kathaṃ pana udakaṃ ukkhipitabbantyādimāha. Tattha kathanti kathetukamyatā pucchā, kathaṃ kena kāraṇena udakaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ udakāsiñcanasaṅkhepena ukkhipitabbaṃ atha kho leḍḍukhipanadāruguḷakhipanākārena ukkhipitabbanti attho. Akkhadhuttāti sāmaññena vuttepi 『『sīho gāyati naṅguṭṭhaṃ, sīho cāleti vāladhi』』nti ettha viya dāruguḷaṃ khipanti saddantarasannidhānato atthavasena dāruguḷakīḷakā dhuttajanāti viññāyati akkhasaddo hi jūtepi nirūḷho.

這是完整的中文直譯: 否則就會抹消三次結集中收錄的註釋書的說法和《斷疑》《遣除疑惑》的說法,典籍也會互相矛盾,世尊制定的學處也會依弟子的見解而修改。但世尊制定的學處不應被抹消,應當如制定那樣實行。因為將說明:比丘知道[是酒]而飲酒即波逸提,而沙彌知道而飲則破戒,不知道則不[破戒]。對此或應當尋求原因,或因為制定學處是諸佛的境界而不應尋求,應當如制定那樣實行。因此"四周投水所及",或如"依所制定的學處由四周投水所限定",或"應當投水",或"由投水所限定的界",或"應當作四周投水限定"等法的結集長老們的說法才是準則,因為他們了知佛陀的意趣。這說法不是世尊的親說也不是結集長老們的說法。或者說因為諸師說"'中等人四周投水所及'是爲了顯示在這河流中...如顯示七內量界的界限",所以即使沒有投水限定也可以在河內作[羯磨]這個義理連線,結集長老們也沒有進入[這種解釋],註疏作者也沒有進入。為什麼呢?因為在三次結集中收錄的律注和其解釋的詩頌疏中以"由投水所限定"、"應當投水"、"應當作投水限定"等多種方式都只寫投水限定,因此可知結集長老們也沒有進入[這種解釋]。註疏作者爲了避免他人誹謗而舉示其他作者說"諸師",因此可知註疏作者也沒有進入[這種解釋]。這說法是某些長老的自己見解,所謂自己見解是最弱的,像用芥子來測量須彌山王一樣,誰能抹消說明一切知者佛陀所制定的"投水所及"學處的意義的大迦葉、目犍連子帝須等及其弟子的弟子們和大寺住者們的說法呢?因為具足戒等羯磨是重羯磨,是教法的根本,所以應當依重[羯磨]而住。"中等人四周投水所及"是世尊所制定的,[有人]提出質問:是中等人的投水所及之處才是投水界,還是由投水[本身]才是投水界?註釋師爲了解答這個質問說"如何應當投水"等。其中"如何"是想要說明的疑問,意思是以什麼理由應當投水?是應當以灑水的方式投水還是應當以投擲土塊木球的方式投水?雖然"賭徒"是一般而說,但如"獅子搖尾巴,獅子擺尾毛"中那樣,由於"投木球"詞的鄰近,依義理可知是投擲木球玩耍的賭徒,因為"賭"字也用於賭博。

Dāruguḷanti bhamaṃ āropetvā āraggena katadāruvikati ayañhetthattho… yathā akkhadhuttā dāruguḷakā dhuttajanā dāruguḷaṃ hatthena gahetvā attano balaṃ dassentā viya sabbathāmena attānaṃ onamitvā khipanti, evameva thāmamajjhimena purisena udakaṃ vā vālikaṃ vā hatthena gahetvā attano balaṃ dassentāviya onamitvā sabbathāmena nisinnassa vā ṭhitassa vā parisapariyantato anupariyāyitvā khipitabbaṃ, evaṃ cittaṃ udakaṃ vā vālikaṃ vā yattha yasmiṃ ṭhāne patati, ayameko udakukkhepo nāmāti 『『ayameko udakukkhepo』』ti iminā padena dvinnaṃ saṅghānaṃ visuṃvisuṃ kammakaraṇādhikāre sīmantarikattā aññassāpi udakukkhepassa sambhavaṃ dasseti, teneva mātikāṭṭhakathāyaṃ 『『sace pana dve saṅghā visuṃvisuṃ uposathādikammaṃ karonti, dvinnaṃ udakukkhepānaṃ antare añño eko udakukkhepo upacāratthāya ṭhapetabbo』』ti vuttaṃ, vimativinodaniyampi 『『tassa antoti tassa udakukkhepaparicchinnassa ṭhānassa anto na kevalañca tasseva anto, tato bahipi ekassa udakukkhepassa anto ṭhātuṃ na vaṭṭatīti vacanaṃ udakukkhepaparicchedassa dubbijānato kammakopasaṅkā hotī』』ti vuttaṃ, sāratthadīpaniyaṃ pana 『『tassa anto hatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā ṭhito kammaṃ kopetīti iminā paricchedato bahi yattha katthaci ṭhito kammaṃ na kopetīti dīpetī』』ti vatvā mātikāṭṭhakathāvacanampi paṭikkhipi, taṃ ekasaṅghaṃ sannipātaṃ sandhāya vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ, yathā ca mahāsīmāya khaṇḍitvā baddhānaṃ khaṇḍasīmānaṃ aññamaññasaṅkaravivajjanatthaṃ sīmantarikā ṭhapitā, evameva attano sabhāvena gāmasīmā viya sayaṃ jātasīmāyaṃ nadīsamuddajātassarānaṃ atimahantabhāvena udakukkhepena udakukkhepasīmā bhagavatā anuññātā, tathāpi dvinnaṃ baddhasīmānamiva aññamaññasaṅkaravivajjanatthaṃ dvinnaṃ udakukkhepasīmānaṃ antare sīmantarikatthāya añño udakukkhepo ṭhapetabbo』ti vuttaṃ, sanimittā baddhasīmā, saudakukkhepā udakukkhepasīmā, sīmantarikā viya eko udakukkhepo daṭṭhabbo, teneva vimativinodaniyaṃ 『『idañcettha sīmantarikāvidhānaṃ dvinnaṃ baddhasīmānaṃ sīmantarikāanujānanasuttānulomato siddhanti daṭṭhabba』』nti vuttaṃ, ekasmiṃ saṅghasannipāte pana ekassa udakukkhepassa bahi tiṭṭhantopi kammaṃ na kopetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ vuttañhi vimativinodaniyaṃ bhagavatā nidānavasena ekagāmasīmanissitānaṃ ekasabhāgānañca dvinnaṃ baddhasīmānameva aññamaññaṃ sambhedajjhottharaṇaṃ sīmantarikaṃ vinā abyavadhāne ṭhānañca bhagavatā anumatamevāti ñatvā aṭṭhakathācariyā idhāpi sīmantarikāvidhānamakaṃsu visabhāgasīmānampi hi ekasīmanissitattaṃ ekasabhāvattañcāti dvīhaṅgehi samannāgate sati eva sīmantarikaṃ vinā ṭhānaṃ sambhedāya hoti, nāsatīti daṭṭhabba』nti. Evaṃ nadīsamuddajātassaresu samantāudakukkhepāti paññattasikkhāpadānurūpaṃ udakukkhepena paricchedaṃ dassetvā rassapabhave nadījātassarapadese udakukkhepena vināva attano sabhāvena gāmasīmāyamiva sabbathā kappiyabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ sace pana nātidīghā hoti, pabhavato paṭṭhāya tyādimāha. Tattha pabhavato paṭṭhāyāti yasmiṃ padese catumāsaparamā nadī sandati, tassa uparimabhāgato paṭṭhāyāti attho. Yāva mukhadvārā ti yāva nadītīramevettha mukhadvārāti adhippetā.

這是完整的中文直譯: "木球"即裝上轉輪用尖端製作的木製器具,這裡的意思是...如同玩木球的賭徒們手持木球,像是顯示自己力量那樣彎下身用盡全力投擲,同樣體力中等的人應當手持水或沙,像是顯示自己力量那樣彎下身,坐著或站著從會眾邊際繞行用盡全力投擲。如此所投擲的水或沙落下之處,這稱為一個投水所及。以"這一個投水所及"這個詞顯示在兩個僧團各自作羯磨的許可權中作為界間隔還有其他投水所及的可能,因此在《攝頌注》中說:"如果兩個僧團各自作布薩等羯磨,應當在兩個投水所及之間另置一個投水所及作為間隔"。在《遣除疑惑》中也說:"'在其內'即在那投水所限定的處所之內,不僅是在其內,從其外一個投水所及之內也不可以住的說法,對於難以了知投水限定者會有羯磨無效的疑慮"。但在《精要燈》中說:"'在其內離開伸手所及而住者使羯磨無效',以此顯示在限定之外任何處所住者不使羯磨無效",並且否定了《攝頌注》的說法,這應當理解為是針對一個僧團集會而說。如同在大界中劃分結界的諸分界之間爲了避免互相混雜而置界間隔,同樣在以自性如村界般自然產生的界中,因為河流海洋天然池塘極大,世尊允許以投水[來限定]投水界,然而如同兩個結界之間那樣,爲了避免互相混雜,應當在兩個投水界之間另置一個投水所及作為界間隔。有相的結界,有投水的投水界,應當視如界間隔的一個投水所及。因此在《遣除疑惑》中說:"這裡界間隔的規定應當視為依隨允許兩個結界間隔的經而成立"。但在一個僧團集會時,即使站在一個投水所及之外也不使羯磨無效。因為在《遣除疑惑》中說:"知道世尊依[制戒]因緣只允許兩個依一村界和同類的結界不用界間隔而無間隔地住,註釋師們在這裡也作了界間隔的規定。因為即使是異類界,只有在具備依一界和同類這兩個要素時,不用界間隔而住才會導致混雜,沒有[這兩個要素]則不會,應當如此理解"。如此在河流海洋天然池塘中顯示了依"四周投水所及"所制定的學處而作投水限定后,爲了顯示在短源頭的河流天然池塘處即使沒有投水[限定]以其自性如村界般完全適合,所以說"如果不太長,從源頭開始"等。其中"從源頭開始"意思是從那四個月中河流流動的處所的上部開始。"直到河口"即這裡是指直到河岸為河口。

Sabbatthā』ti sabbasmiṃ nadīpadese udakukkhepasīmākammaṃ natthī ti udakukkhepena pavattā sīmā udakukkhepasīmā. Karitabbanti kammaṃ, karakaraṇeti dhātu, rammapaccayo. Karaṇeti manodvāravīthiyā sattamakusalajavanacittasamuṭṭhāpitavāyodhātuyā vikārabhūto kāyapayogo, tena kāyapayogena khipitabbaṃ uddhaṭaṃ kammanti vuccati paramatthavasena pana kāyapayogasaṅkhātāya cittaṃ javāyodhātuyā vipphārena desantarappattisamuṭṭhāpikā aṭṭhakalāpapuñjāyeva. Udakukkhepasīmāya kammaṃ udakukkhepasīmākammaṃ taṃ ettha rassapabhavanadiyā natthīti attho. Ayañhetthattho sace nadī nātidīghā hoti aḍḍhayojanaṃ vā gāvutaṃ vā aḍḍhagāvutaṃ vā, tassā pavattanaṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya yāva nadītīrā sabbattha nadīpadese ajjhottharitvā saṅgho nisīdati, tattha tasmiṃ nadīpadese samantato avasesanadiyā abhāvā vaggakammasaṅkābhāvena udakukkhepasīmā kammaṃ natthi, kevalā nadī sīmāyevāti sāratthadīpaniyampi mātikāṭṭhakathāyalīnatthappakāsaniyampi etadeva sanniṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ vimativinodaniyaṃ pana yattha khuddake araññe mahantehi vā bhikkhūhi paripuṇṇatāya vaggakammasaṅkābhāvena sattabbhantarasīmāpekkhā natthi, tattha satthabbhantarasīmā na uppajjati, kevalāraññasīmāyeva tattha saṅghena kammaṃ kātabbaṃ nadīādīsupi eseva nayo vakkhati hi sace nadī nātidīghā hoti, pabhavato paṭṭhāya yāvamukhadvārā sabbattha saṅgho nisīdati, udakukkhepasīmākammaṃ natthī』ti ādi ca ubhayatthāpi ca. Yassaṃ disāyaṃ sattabbhantarassa vā udakukkhepassa vā okāso nappahoti, tattha kathaṃ minanaṃ khipanaṃ vā bhaveyya, gāmakhettādīsu pavisanato akhette sīmā paviṭṭhā nāmātisīmā vipajjeyya, apekkhāya sīmuppattiyaṃ pana yato pahoti, tattha sattabbhantaraudakukkhepasīmā sayameva paripuṇṇā jāyanti. Yato pana nappahoti, tattha attano khettappamāṇeneva jāyanti, na bahīti vuttaṃ, ettha ca』sīmāpekkhāya sattabbhantaraudakukkhepasīmā sayameva paripuṇṇā jāyantī』ti vuttattā udakukkhepaṃ vināyeva apekkhāya sīmāya udakukkhepasīmā uppajjatī』ti atthaṃ vadanti, taṃ ayuttarūpaṃ viya dissati. Kasmāti ce pāḷinayavirodhato vimativinodaniyaṃ parato vuttavacanenāpi virodhato ca. Idañca vacanaṃ ācariyassa kesañci puggalānaṃ vādappakāsanatthaṃ vuttaṃ bhaveyya. Kasmā parato vuttavacanena aghaṭiyattā ca pāḷiyaṭṭhakathāṭīkāvacanehipi virujjhanato ca, taṃ parato vaṇṇayissāma. Yathā ca loke vatiṃ aparikkhipitvā 『『idaṃ vatiyā ṭhāna』』nti ca yathā ca naṅgalakoṭiyā akasitvā 『『idaṃ kasikaṭṭhāna』』nti ca yathā ca vatthuṃ karontā manussā kudhārīpharasuādinā rukkhe acchinditvā 『『idaṃ mama kudhāripatanaṭṭhāna』』nti ca yathā ca dāttena alāyitvā 『『idaṃ mama lāyitaṭṭhāna』』nti ca na sakkā vattuṃ, evameva udakaṃ vā vālikaṃ vā hatthena akhipitvā 『『ayameko udakukkhepoti ca, udakapatanaṭṭhānanti ca na sakkā vattuṃ. Ettha ca dve bhikkhū evaṃ vivādaṃ karonti vimativinodaniyaṃ 『『yattha khuddake araññe mahantehi bhikkhūhi paripuṇṇatāya vaggakammasaṅkābhāvena sattabbhantarasīmāpekkhā natthi, tattha sattabbhantarasīmā na uppajjati, kevalāraññasīmāyeva tattha saṅghena kammaṃ kattabbaṃ nadī ādīsupi eseva nayo. Vakkhati hi sace nadī nātidīghā hoti.

這是完整的中文直譯: "一切處"即在河流的一切處所沒有投水界羯磨。由投水而成的界稱為投水界。"應作"即羯磨,詞根是"作",加上"ra"後綴。"作"指由意門心路第七不善速行心所引生的風界變化所成的身體動作,由那身體動作應當投擲,稱為提起的羯磨。但依勝義而言,僅是由稱為身體動作的心速行風界擴散而引生轉移到其他處所的八種聚集。投水界的羯磨是投水界羯磨,這在這裡短源頭河流是沒有的意思。因為這裡的意思是:如果河流不太長,半由旬或一牛吼或半牛吼,從其流動處開始直到河岸,僧團遍佈坐在一切河流處所,在那裡在那河流處所因為四周沒有其餘河流而無別眾羯磨的疑慮,所以沒有投水界羯磨,僅是河流界。在《精要燈》和《攝頌注·顯明隱義》中也說了這同樣的結論。但在《遣除疑惑》中說:在小森林中由於眾多比丘充滿而無別眾羯磨的疑慮,所以不需要七內量界時,七內量界就不生起,僅是森林界,僧團應當在那裡作羯磨。在河流等處也是這個道理。因為將說:"如果河流不太長,從源頭開始直到河口,僧團遍處而坐,沒有投水界羯磨"等。在兩處也是如此。在七內量或投水所及的空間不足的方向,如何能測量或投擲呢?因為進入村莊區域等,在非[界]場所稱為界進入,界會失效。但在需要界生起時,從足夠之處,七內量界和投水界自然完全生起。從不足之處,僅以自己界場的量度生起,不在外部。這裡說"需要界時七內量界和投水界自然完全生起",因此他們說即使沒有投水,需要界時投水界也生起,這似乎不合理。為什麼呢?因為與經文道理相違,也與《遣除疑惑》後面所說的話相違。這說法或許是阿阇黎爲了顯示某些人的論說而說的。為什麼?因為與後面所說的話不相符,也與經文、註釋書、復注的說法相違,我們將在後面解釋這點。如同在世間不圍柵而不能說"這是柵的地方",如同不用犁頭耕而不能說"這是耕地",如同人們造地基時不用斧鋸等砍伐樹木而不能說"這是我斧頭落下的地方",如同不用鐮刀割而不能說"這是我割過的地方",同樣不用手投水或沙而不能說"這是一個投水所及"或"這是水落下的地方"。這裡兩個比丘這樣爭論《遣除疑惑》中"在小森林中由於眾多比丘充滿而無別眾羯磨的疑慮,所以不需要七內量界時,七內量界就不生起,僅是森林界,僧團應當在那裡作羯磨。在河流等處也是這個道理。因為將說:如果河流不太長..."

Pabhavato paṭṭhāya yāva mukhadvārā sabbattha saṅgho nisīdati, udakukkhepasīmākammaṃ natthī』tiādiṃ, iminā eva vacanena vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ sīmāpekkhāya sati eva udakukkhepasīmā sattabbhantarasīmā uppajjanti, nāsatīti daṭṭhabba』nti vuttattā udakukkhepaṃ vināva parisapariyantato paṭṭhāya sīmāpekkhāya saheva udakukkhepasīmā uppajjati tasmā udakukkhepena payojanaṃ natthevāti te evaṃ vattabbā 『『mā sappurisā evaṃ vadeyyātha ācariyavarañca mā abbhācikkhatha idañca vacanaṃ ācariyavarassa neyyavacanaṃ, paratopi ācariyavaro sanniṭṭhānaṃ vakkhati vinayaṭṭhakathāsuceva sāratthadīpaniyañca vuttavacanehipi tava vacanaṃ asaṃsandeva, vimativinodaniyameva parato vuttavacanenāpi na ghaṭiyati. Kathaṃ neyyavacanaṃ hotīti. 『『Sīmāpekkhāya sati eva…pe… nassatī』』ti ettha sīmāpekkhāya vinā maggagamananhānādi atthehi bhikkhūhi araññe vā nadīādīsupivā paviṭṭhakkhaṇeyeva nuppajjati, sīmāpekkhāya satieva araññe samantā sattabbhantarā』ti paññattasikkhāpadānurūpaṃ abbhantarasīmā uppajjati』 nadīsamuddajātassaresupi majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhe』pāti paññatta sikkhāpadānurūpaṃ udakukkhepena saha udakukkhepasīmā uppajjati, na udakukkhepena vināti ayaṃ neyyattho. Nāsatītiettha udakukkhepena vināti atthopi na labbhate. Evañca sati vimativinodaniyaṃ yeva puna tatthāti lokavohārasiddhāsu etāsu nadīādīsu tīsu abaddhasīmāsu punavaggakammaparihāratthaṃ sāsanavohārasiddhāya abaddhasīmāya paricchedaṃ dassentoti adhippāyo. Pāḷiyaṃ 『『yaṃ majjhimassa purisassā』』ti ādīsu udakaṃ ukkhipitvā khipiyati etthāti udakukkhepo, udakassa pathanokāso, tasmā udakukkhepā. Ayañhettha padasambandhavasena attho… 『『parisa pariyantato paṭṭhāya samantā yāva majjhimassa purisassa udakukkhepo udakapatanaṭṭhānaṃ, tāva yaṃ taṃ paricchinnaṃ ṭṭhānaṃ, ayaṃ tattha nadīādīsu aparā samānasaṃvāsā udakukkhepasīmā』』ti vuttaatthapadehipi samānaṃ bhaveyya ācariyameva hi kecipana samantā abbhantaraṃ minitvā paricchedakaraṇeneva sīmā sañjāyati, na sayamevāti vadanti, taṃ na gahetabbhantyādinā kecivādaṃ paṭikkhipitvā minanakhipane dosaṃ dassetvā ca yaṃ panettha abbhantaraminanappamāṇassa vālikādikhipanakammassa ca dassanaṃ, taṃ sayaṃjātasīmānaṃ ṭhitaṭṭhānaparicchedadassanatthaṃ kataṃ, gāmūpacāragharūpacārajānanatthaṃ leḍḍusuppādikhipanavijānanadassanaṃ viya, teneva mātikāṭṭhakathāyaṃ sīmaṃ vā bandhanti udakukkhepaṃ vā pariccheda』nti vuttaṃ, evaṃ katepi tassa paricchedassa pabhavato ñātuṃ asakkuṇeyyattena thūlato ñatvā antotiṭṭhantehi nirāsaṅkaṭṭhāne ṭhātabbaṃ aññaṃ bahikarontehi atidūre nirāsaṅkaṭṭhāne pesetabbanti vā, tasmā yathā vuttasīmāpekkhavaseneva tāsaṃ sattabbhantaraudakukkhepasīmānaṃ uppatti, tabbigamena vināso ca gahetabboti amhākaṃ khanti, vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbaṃ, añño vā pakāro ito yuttataro gavesitabbo』ti āha. Vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbaṃ. Añño vā pakāro ito yuttataro gavesitabbo』ti iminā ācariyassa vacanena imassa vacanassa attanomatibhāvañca ācariyassa apaṭisambhidāpattabhāvañca dasseti.

這是完整的中文直譯: "從源頭開始直到河口,僧團遍處而坐,沒有投水界羯磨"等,由於這句話說"只有在爲了避免別眾羯磨而需要界時,投水界和七內量界才生起,不需要時則不生起",所以他們說即使沒有投水,從會眾邊際開始,只要需要界就與投水界一同生起,因此根本不需要投水。對此應當這樣說:"諸善人,請勿如此說,也不要誹謗大師。這是大師的引導性言論,大師後面還會說出結論。你的說法與律注和《精要燈》中所說的話也不相符,甚至與《遣除疑惑》後面所說的話也不相合。" 怎麼是引導性言論呢?"只有在需要界時...不生起"中,沒有需要界時,比丘們進入森林或河流等處僅爲了行路沐浴等目的時就不生起。只有需要界時,在森林中依"四周七內量"所制定的學處而生起七內量界,在河流海洋天然池塘中也依"中等人四周投水所及"所制定的學處而與投水一同生起投水界,不是沒有投水,這是引導的意思。在"不生起"中也得不到"沒有投水"的意思。如此在《遣除疑惑》中又說"在那裡"即在這些世間習慣上成立的河流等三種未結界中,爲了再次避免別眾羯磨而顯示教法習慣上成立的未結界的界限,這是其意趣。 在聖典中"中等人的"等處,投水即在此投擲水,水的落處,因此[稱為]投水所及。這裡依詞的關聯而有這樣的意思..."從會眾邊際開始四周直到中等人的投水所及水落之處,那個被限定的處所,這在那裡河流等處是另一個共住投水界",[這]與所說義詞相同。但有些人說:"只有依師承才能通過測量四周內量作限定而生起界,不是自然生起"。[大師]否定了某些人的說法說"這不應接受"等,並顯示了測量投擲的過失,又說:"這裡所顯示的內量測量和投擲沙等的羯磨,是爲了顯示自然生起界的所在處所的界限,如同爲了知道村落界域和房屋界域而顯示投擲土塊和揚穀器等的了知。因此在《攝頌注》中說'結界或限定投水所及',即使這樣作了那個界限,因為從源頭不能確知,所以粗略知道后住在內部的人們應當住在無疑慮處,使他人在外作[羯磨]時應當派遣到遠處無疑慮處"。因此我們認為應當依所說的需要界而接受這些七內量界和投水界的生起,以及依其消失而滅失。應當審察後接受,或尋求比這更合理的其他方式。"應當審察後接受,或尋求比這更合理的其他方式",以這句話顯示這說法是自己的見解,也顯示大師未證得無礙解。

Idañca vacanaṃ na bhagavato paccakkhavacanaṃ, nāpidhammasaṅgāhakattherānaṃ vacanaṃ, tissopi saṅgītiyo anārūḷhā, nāpi aṭṭhakathāya saṃvaṇṇanācariyassa vādappakāsanameva tasmā asallakkhitabbameva sāratthadīpaniyampi sace nadī nātidīghā hotīti imissā saṃvaṇṇanādhikāre udakukkhepasīmā kammaṃ natthīti yasmā sabbopi nadīpadeso bhikkhūhi ajjhotthaṭo, tasmā samantato nadiyā abhāvā udakukkhepena payojanaṃ natthī』ti vuttaṃ tathā hi samantato nadiyā abhāvā udakukkhepena payojanaṃ natthī』tiimassa anvayavasena vā atthāpattivasena vā samantato nadiyā bhāve sati udakukkhepena payojanaṃ attheva vaggakammaparihāratthanti attho labbhate mātikāṭṭhakathāya līnatthappakāsaniyampi 『『samantā udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabboti pahonakaṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ yattha pana kunnadiyaṃ nappahoti. Tattha pahonakaṭṭhāne udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabbo』tivuttaṃ. Udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabbo』ti iminā vacanena sīmāpekkhāya saha udakukkhepaṃ vinā attano sabhāveneva nuppajjatīti viññāyati, tathā hi udakukkhepaparicchedake kattāre asati kathaṃ udakukkhepaparicchedo kātabbo bhaveyya tasmā 『『vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ sīmāpekkhāya sati eva udakukkhepasattabbhantarasīmā uppajjanti, nāsatī』ti idaṃ vacanaṃ sāratthadīpaniyañca mātikāṭṭhakathāyañca vuttavacanehi aññamaññaviruddhaṃ viya dissati vimativinodaniyaṃyeva ca 『『mahoghena pana unnataṭṭhānato ninnaṭṭhāne patantena khato khuddako vā mahanto vā lakkhaṇayutto jātassarova etthāpi khuddake udakukkhepakiccaṃ natthi samudde pana sabbathā udakukkhepasīmāyameva kammaṃ kātabbaṃ, sodhetuṃ dukkarattā』』ti vuttaṃ tathā hi ayamācariyavaro pubbe 『『vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ sīmāpekkhāya sati eva udakukkhepasattabbhantarasīmā uppajjanti, nāsatī』』ti vatvā parato kathamācariyavarena 『『etthāpi khuddake udakukkhepakiccaṃ natthi』』tyādivacanamuccate, tatthāyaṃ viggaho udakaṃ ukkhipitvā khipīyati etthāti udakukkhepo udakassa patanokāso kintuṃ, ṭhānaṃ karitabbaṃ kiccaṃ kara karaṇeti dhātu riccapaccayo yaṃ. 『『Ajjeva kiccaṃ ātappa』』nti yathā, udakukkhepassa kiccaṃ karaṇaṃ udakukkhepakiccaṃ. Samudde panā ti ettha pana saddo visesattho, pakkhantaratthotipi apare visesatthe pana nadījātassaresu mahantesu udakukkhepasīmāyameva kātabbaṃ, khuddake pana kevale nadījātassarepi kātabbaṃ samudde pana visesato udakukkhepasīmāyameva kātabbanti ayaṃ pana saddassa visesattho. Sabbathā ti sabbena sabbaṃ. Udakukkhepasīmāyamevā ti ettha evakāro sanniṭṭhānattho, udakukkhepasīmāyameva kammaṃ kātabbaṃ, na samuddasīmāya kadācīti attho yujjateva. Nadījātassaresu pana mahantesu udakukkhepasīmāya kātabbaṃ, khuddake nadījātassareyeva na kātabbanti ayaṃ attho sāmatthiyato labbhateva nadījātassaresu khuddakamahantabhāvena nadījātassaraudakukkhepāti dve dve sīmā labbhanti samudde pana kasmā samuddaudakukkhepavasena dve na labbhantīti samudde pana kasmā samuddaudakukkhepavasena dve na labbhantīti codanaṃ manasisandhāyāha 『『sodhetuṃ dukkarattā』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 這說法不是世尊的親說,也不是法的結集長老們的話,未收入三次結集,也不是註釋書解釋師的論說顯示,因此不應考慮。在《精要燈》中關於"如果河流不太長"這句話的解釋中說:"沒有投水界羯磨,因為所有河流處所都被比丘們遍覆,所以因為四周沒有河流而不需要投水。"因此依"因為四周沒有河流而不需要投水"這句話的連結或含義,可得出"當四周有河流時爲了避免別眾羯磨就需要投水"的意思。 在《攝頌注·顯明隱義》中說:"'應當作四周投水限定'是針對足夠處所而說。在小河流不足之處,應當在足夠處所作投水限定。"由"應當作投水限定"這句話可知不是與需要界一起不用投水就依自性而生起,因為如果沒有作投水限定的作者,怎麼能作投水限定呢?因此"只有在爲了避免別眾羯磨而需要界時,投水界和七內量界才生起,不需要時則不生起"這句話似乎與《精要燈》和《攝頌注》中所說的話互相矛盾。 在《遣除疑惑》中說:"被大水流從高處流向低處沖刷而成的具有特徵的小或大天然池塘,在這裡小的也不需要投水作用。但在海洋中一切都應當在投水界作羯磨,因為難以清凈。"因為這位**先前說"只有在爲了避免別眾羯磨而需要界時,投水界和七內量界才生起,不需要時則不生起",後來怎麼又說"在這裡小的也不需要投水作用"等話呢? 這裡的分析是:投水即在此投擲水,水的落處。"作用"是"應作"的意思,詞根是"作",加"ricca"後綴。如"今日應精進"中那樣,投水的作用即投水作用。"但在海洋中"這裡的"但"字是特殊義,其他人說也是相反分別義。在特殊義中,在大的河流天然池塘中應當只在投水界作[羯磨],但在小的單純河流天然池塘中也應當作,而在海洋中特別應當只在投水界作,這是"但"字的特殊義。"一切"即完全地。"只在投水界"中的"只"字是決定義,意思是隻應當在投水界作羯磨,決不在海洋界作,這是合理的。但在大的河流天然池塘中應當在投水界作,在小的河流天然池塘中不應當作,這個意思依含義而得。在河流天然池塘中依小大而得河流天然池塘界和投水界兩種界,但在海洋中為什麼不依海洋界和投水界而得兩種呢?考慮到這個質疑而說"因為難以清凈"。

Tattha sodhetuṃ dukkarattā ti samuddassa atimahantabhāvena samuddamotiṇṇe bhikkhū hatthapāsanayanaṃ vā bahisamuddakaraṇaṃ vā kātuṃ atidukkaraṃ tasmā sabbathā sabbena sabbaṃ udakukkhepasīmāyameva kātabbanti ayamācariyavarassa adhippāyo. Yadi vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ sīmāpekkhāya sati eva udakukkhepasīmā uppajjeyya, evaṃ sati samuddamotiṇṇe bhikkhusamūheva hatthapāsato bahi kareyya, evañca sati sodhetuṃ dukkarattā』ti hetupadampi niratthakaṃ bhaveyya na panevaṃ sakkā vattuṃ, tena ñāyati 『『vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ udakukkhepapayojana』』nti. Apica tesaṃ ācariyānaṃ adhippāyena 『『mayaṃ udakukkhepasīmāya na karoma, kevalaṃ samuddeyeva karomā』』ti icchamāne sati kathaṃ karissanti. Tasmā tesaṃ matena sīmāpekkhāya saheva udakukkhepasīmāya sambhavato gatagataṭṭhāne udakukkhepasīmā bhaveyya evañca sati 『『samudde pana sabbathā udakukkhepasīmāyameva kammaṃ kātabbaṃ, sodhetuṃ dukkarattā』』ti vacanampi niratthakaṃ bhaveyya evañca pana vadeyya… sabbaso samuddasīmāya alabbhamānataṃ sandhāya 『『samudde panā』』tyādivacanaṃ ācariyavarena vuttanti tathāpi na vattabbaṃ kasmā evañca atthe icchamāne sati 『『samudde pana sabbattha udakukkhe pasīmāva labbhatī』』ti vattabbaṃ siyā nanevaṃ vuttaṃ. Athavā pakaraṇādivasena saddatthe vibhajjīyamānepi virujjhateva kathaṃ saṃyogavasena 『『savacchaṃ dhenumānehī』』ti vutte 『『gāvī』』ti viññāyati, na vaḷavā. 『『Avacchaṃ dhenu』』nti vutte gāvīti viññāyati, na vaḷavāti ettha viya kadācipi evasaddena nivattetabbassa samuddassa nadiyamiva nātidīghabhāve alabbhamāne sati 『『samudde pana sabbathā udakukkhepasīmāyameva kammaṃ kātabba』』nti evakārena avattabbaṃ siyā, tathā hi saṃyogavippayogavasena 『『savacchaṃ dhenuṃ, avacchaṃ dhenu』』nti vutte gāvīti viññāyati, na vaḷavā. Vaḷavā ca nāma yonimaggassa atisambādhattā vijāyituṃ na sakkonti, gabbhassa pariṇatakāle kucchiṃ phāletvā ājaññapotakaṃ gaṇhanti evaṃ ekagabbheneva maranti tasmā 『『vaḷavaṃ savaccha』』ntivā avaccha』』nti vā vattuṃ nārahati evameva kadācipi nātidīghasamuddassapi anupalabbhamānattā taṃ nivattāpakena evasaddena 『『samudde pana sabbathā udakukkhepasīmāyameva kammaṃ kātabba』』nti apadisituṃ nārahatiyeva tasmā udakukkhepena sīmā uppajjatīti niṭṭhametthāva gantabbaṃ tena vuttaṃ 『『evañca atthe icchamāne sati samudde pana sabbathā udakukkhepasīmāva labbhatīti vattabbaṃ siyā na panevaṃ vutta』』nti tena ñāyati vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ vālikādīhi khipananti apica vimativinodaniyaṃyeva 『『gacchantiyā pana nāvāya kātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Kasmā udakukkhepamattameva hi sīmā, taṃ nāvā sīghameva atikkameti evaṃ sati aññissā sīmāya ñatti, aññissā anusāvanā hotī』』ti imassa saṃvaṇṇanādhikāre tanti sīmaṃ. Sīghameva atikkametīti iminā taṃ anatikkamitvā anto eva parivattamānāya kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti dasseti. Etadatthameva hi vālikādīhi sīmāparicchindanaṃ. Itarathā 『『bahiparivattā nukho no vā』』ti kammakopasaṅkā bhaveyya. Aññissā anusāvanāti kevalāya nadīsīmāya anusāvanā』ti ācariyavarena vuttaṃ.

這是完整的中文直譯: 這裡"因為難以清凈"即因為海洋極大,要使進入海洋的比丘們移到伸手所及處或移到海洋外部極其困難,因此一切都應當只在投水界作[羯磨],這是大師的意趣。如果只有在爲了避免別眾羯磨而需要界時投水界才生起,如此則進入海洋的比丘群就會自己離開伸手所及處,這樣"因為難以清凈"這個原因也會沒有意義。但不能這樣說,由此可知"爲了避免別眾羯磨而需要投水"。 而且依那些師父們的意趣,如果想要說"我們不在投水界作[羯磨],只在海洋中作",將如何作呢?因此依他們的見解,由於與需要界一起投水界就生起,所以在所到之處就會有投水界。如此則"但在海洋中一切都應當只在投水界作羯磨,因為難以清凈"這句話也會沒有意義。如果這樣說...大師說"但在海洋中"等話是針對完全不能得到海洋界而說的,即使這樣也不應說。為什麼?因為如果想要這樣的意思,應當說"但在海洋中一切處只能得到投水界",而不是這樣說的。 或者即使依文脈等來分析詞義也相違。如何?依聯繫,說"帶小牛的母牛來"時,理解為"母牛"而不是"母馬"。說"無小牛的母牛"時,理解為"母牛"而不是"母馬"。如此處,當完全得不到如河流那樣的不太長的性質的海洋時,就不應以"只"字來說"但在海洋中一切都應當只在投水界作羯磨"。因為依有聯繫無聯繫,說"帶小牛的母牛,無小牛的母牛"時,理解為"母牛"而不是"母馬"。所謂母馬因為產道太窄不能生產,在胎兒成熟時剖開腹部取出良馬幼駒,這樣只有一胎就死亡,因此不適合說"有小牛的母馬"或"無小牛的母馬"。同樣,因為完全得不到不太長的海洋,所以也不適合用排除它的"只"字來說"但在海洋中一切都應當只在投水界作羯磨"。因此應當在這裡就得出結論:由投水而生起界。因此說"如果想要這樣的意思,應當說'但在海洋中一切處只能得到投水界',而不是這樣說的"。由此可知爲了避免別眾羯磨而投擲沙等。 而且在《遣除疑惑》中說:"在行進的船上不可以作。為什麼?因為界僅是投水所及,船很快就越過它。如此則羯磨文在一個界,隨羯磨在另一個界。"在這解釋中"界"即界。"很快就越過"以此顯示在不越過而只在內部轉動時可以作。正是為此目的而用沙等限定界。否則會有"是否轉到外部"的羯磨無效的疑慮。"[羯磨文]在另一個[界]"即隨羯磨在單純的河界中,這是大師所說的。

Yadisī māpekkhāya saha attano sabhāvena udakukkhepasīmā uppajjeyya, evaṃ sati nāvāya gatagataṭṭhāne samantato sabhā viya parikhipitvā udakukkhepasīmā uppajjeyya, uppajjamānepi ca aññissā anusāvanāti ca aparāya udakukkhepasīmāya anusāvanāti vattabbaṃ bhaveyya na panevaṃ vuttaṃ athāpi vadeyya 『『paṭhamotiṇṇaṭṭhāneyeva sīmāpekkhā hoti, gatagataṭṭhāne natthī』』ti, tampi vacanaṃ ayuttameva. Kasmā yāva kammaṃ na nipphannaṃ, tāva sīmāpekkhāya vinā asambhavato tena ñāyati 『『vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ udakukkhepaṃ vinā sīmāpekkhāya saheva attano sabhāvena udakukkhepasīmā nuppajjatī』』ti niṭṭhametthāva gantabbaṃ tasmā nāvāya kammaṃ karontehi thirataraṃ katvā nāvaṃ agamanīyaṃ katvāva kātabbaṃ. Sāratthadīpaniyampi 『『gacchantiyā pana nāvāya kātuṃnavaṭṭatīti ettha udakukkhepaṃ anatikkamitvā parivattamānāya kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti veditabba』』nti vuttaṃ. Evañca pana vadeyya 『『yāva parisā vaḍḍhati, tāva sīmāpi vaḍḍhati parisapariyantato udakukkhepoyeva pamāṇanti vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā parisavasena vaḍḍhamānā udakakhipanaṃ vināyeva vaḍḍhati upacārasīmā viya tasmā udakukkhepena payojanaṃ natthevā』』ti. Taṃ nu, ayañhetthattho… udakukkhepasīmā nāmesā vaḍḍhamānā parisavaseneva vaḍḍhati baddhasīmāyaṃ pana vaḍḍhamānā samūhavasena vaḍḍhati. Kasmā parisavasena vaḍḍhamānā parisapariyantato udakukkhepo kātabboti. Apare evaṃ vadanti pubbe udakukkhepoyeva pamāṇaṃ, puna udakukkhepakiccaṃ natthi, kathinatthatasāṭakadānakammavācāviya tathā hi kathinatthatasāṭakadānakāle vuttakammavācā ekāyevavaṭṭati, atthateyeva kathine puna varasāṭakaṃ labhitvā kammavācāya dānakiccaṃ natthi evameva etthāpi pubbe udakukkhepoyeva pamāṇaṃ, puna udakukkhepakiccaṃ natthīti te upacārasīmāyamiva maññitvā vadanti upacārasīmāyañhi purisāya nisinnaṭṭhānameva upacārasīmābhāvena vaḍḍhati idha pana parisapariyantato udakukkhepappamāṇena vaḍḍhatiyeva na udakukkhepaṃ vināva ijjhate 『『kathaṃ pana udakaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ yathā akkhadhuttā dāruguḷaṃ khipanti, evaṃ udakaṃ vā vālikaṃ vā hatthena gahetvā thāmamajjhimena purisena sabbathāmena khipitabbaṃ, yattha evaṃ khittaṃ udakaṃ vā vālikaṃ vā patati, ayameko udakukkhepo』』ti aṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ bhindanti nāma. Kimivāti ce, ye pana 『『kammameva kammakaraṇaṃ karoti, natthi nirayapālā』』ti vadanti, te 『『atthi bhikkhave niraye nirayapālā』』ti devadūtasuttaṃ bhindanti viyāti. Evañcapana vadeyya ye udakukkhepena saha ijjhanti, tepi 『『sacepi hi bhikkhusahassaṃ tiṭṭhati, tassa ṭhitokāsassa bāhirantato paṭṭhāya bhikkhūnaṃ vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ sīmāpekkhāya uppannāya tāya saha sayameva sañjātā sattabbhantarasīmā samānasaṃvāsakāti adhippāyo. Yattha pana khuddake araññe mahantehi vā bhikkhūhi paripuṇṇatāya vaggakammasaṅkābhāvena sattabbhantarasīmāpekkhā natthi, tattha sattabbhantarasīmā na uppajjati, kevalāraññasīmāyameva tattha saṅghena kammaṃ kātabbaṃ nadīādīsupi esevanayo』』ti vimati vinodaniyaṃ vuttavacanaṃ bhindanti nāmāti. Taṃ na, tena no kā hāni evampi amhākaṃ vāde koci virodho na vijjateva. Kasmāti ce, ime dve saddaracanāpi asambandhāva bhinnalakkhaṇā bhinnavisayā cetā sīmā.

這是完整的中文直譯: 如果與需要界一起依自性而生起投水界,如此則在船行所到之處四周就會如集會堂般圍繞而生起投水界,即使生起也應當說"[羯磨文]在另一個[界]"即隨羯磨在另一個投水界中,但不是這樣說的。即使說"只在最初進入處有需要界,在所到之處沒有",那話也不合理。為什麼?因為在羯磨未完成之前,沒有需要界就不可能[成就]。由此可知"爲了避免別眾羯磨,沒有投水,投水界不會僅與需要界一起依自性而生起",應當在這裡就得出結論。因此在船上作羯磨時,應當使船更穩固而不能行進后才可以作。 在《精要燈》中也說:"'在行進的船上不可以作',這裡應當知道在不越過投水而轉動時可以作。"如果這樣說:"只要會眾增長,界就增長,因為在律注中說'從會眾邊際投水才是量度',所以依會眾而增長時不用投水就增長,如同界域,因此根本不需要投水。"這不對,因為這裡的意思是...所謂投水界增長是依會眾而增長,但在結界中增長是依群體而增長。為什麼?因為依會眾增長時應當從會眾邊際投水。 其他人這樣說:先前投水才是量度,之後沒有投水作用,如同施與迦絺那衣的羯磨文。因為在施與迦絺那衣時說過的羯磨文只要一次就可以,迦絺那衣已鋪展后,再得上等衣時不需要用羯磨文佈施。同樣在這裡也是先前投水才是量度,之後沒有投水作用。他們認為如同界域那樣。因為在界域中只有人坐的地方以界域性而增長。但這裡是依會眾邊際的投水量度而增長,不是沒有投水就成就。他們破壞了註釋書中"如何應當投水?如同賭徒投擲木球那樣,中等體力的人應當手持水或沙用盡全力投擲,水或沙落下之處,這是一個投水所及"的話。如同什麼?如同那些說"業本身作業的作用,沒有獄卒"的人破壞了天使經中"比丘們,地獄中有獄卒"的話。 如果這樣說:那些與投水一起成就的也破壞了《遣除疑惑》中"即使有一千比丘站立,從他們站立處的外邊開始,爲了避免比丘們的別眾羯磨而生起需要界時,與之一起自然生起的七內量界是共住界,這是意趣。但在小森林中由於眾多比丘充滿而無別眾羯磨的疑慮,所以不需要七內量界時,七內量界就不生起,僅在森林界中僧團應當在那裡作羯磨。在河流等處也是這個道理"的話。這不對,因為這對我們有什麼損害?即使這樣在我們的說法中也找不到任何矛盾。為什麼?因為這兩種文句結構完全不相關,有不同的特徵和不同的範圍,而且這些界[性質不同]。;

Kathaṃ saddaracanā asambandhā. Yathā araññe tattha sattabbhantarasīmā na uppajjati, kevalāraññamevāti vuccati, eva meva 『『nadiyāpi sabbattha saṅgho nisīdati, udakukkhepasīmā nuppajjatī』』ti avatvā 『『udakukkhepasīmā kammaṃ natthī』』ti kriyāparāmasanavasena vuttaṃ. Karitabbaṃ kammaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ, khipanaṃ. Evampi saddaracanā asambandhāva. 『『Vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ…pe… udakukkhepasīmā sattabbhantarasīmā uppajjati, nāsatī』』ti ettha 『『nāsatī』』ti imassa udakukkhepena vināpīti atthopi yujjateva. Kasmāti ce 『『sīmāpekkhāya satievā』』ti iminā anulomanayavasena 『『sīmāpekkhāya asati nuppajjatī』』ti attho yujjateva. Kecipana 『『samantā abbhantaraṃ minitvā paricchedakaraṇeneva sīmā sañjāyati, na sayamevā』』ti vadanti taṃ na gahetabbaṃ. Yadi hi…pe… yathā cettha, evaṃ udakukkhepasīmāyapi nadīādīsupi tatthāpi hi majjhimapuriso na ñāyati, tathā sabbathāmena khipananti imināpi vacanena ācariyavarassa udakukkhepena saheva sīmāpekkhāya sati udakukkhepasīmā uppajjati, nāsatīti adhippāyo ñāyati. Kathaṃ bhinnalakkhaṇā, gāmasīmasattabbhantaraudakukkhepasīmā kiñcāpi abaddhasīmasāmaññena samānā, na pana samānalakkhaṇā tathā hi 『『asammatāya bhikkhave sīmāya aṭṭhapitāya yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharati, yā tassa gāmassa vā gāmasīmā, nigamassa vā nigamasīmā, ayaṃ tattha samānasaṃvāsā ekūposathā』』ti imasmiṃ sikkhāpade khuddako vā mahanto vā sabbopi gāmapadeso gāmasīmāti anuññātā, na sattabbhantarasīmāya viya samantā leḍḍupātukkhepena anuññātā abbhantarasīmāyapi agāmake ce araññe yaṃ nissāya viharati, tassa araññassa araññasīmāti nānuññātā tathā nadīsamuddajātassaresupi gāmasīmāyamiva sabbo nadīsamuddajātassarapadeso nadīsamuddajātassa rasīmāti evameva na anuññātā tathā abbhantarasīmāyamiva samantā sattabbhantarāti vā nānuññātā evamimā gāmasīmasattabbhantaraudakukkhepasīmā bhinnalakkhaṇā, tasmā bhagavatā paññattasikkhāpadānusāreneva gāmasīmāyapi khuddako vā mahanto vā sabbo gāmapadeso gāmasīmāva hoti, sattabbhantarasīmāyapi 『『samantā sattabbhantarā』』ti paññattasikkhāpadānusārena samantā sattabbhantarasīmā sīmāpekkhāya saha sayameva uppajjatī』』ti minanāminanavicāraṇā pana niratthakāva tathā udakukkhepasīmāyapi 『『majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhepā』』ti paññattasikkhāpadānurūpaṃ udakukkhepena saheva uppajjatīti natthi khipanākhipana vicāraṇāya payojananti. Kathaṃ bhinnavisayā sattabbhantarasīmā araññavisayā, udakukkhepasīmā nadīsamuddajātassaravisayā, evampi etā gāmasīmasattabbhantaraudakukkhepasīmā bhinnavisayāva tasmā 『『nadīādīsu eseva nayo』』ti vuttepi sattabbhantarasīmā apekkhāya saheva attano sabhāveneva sattabbhantarasīmā uppajjati yathā. Evameva udakukkhepasīmāyapi apekkhāya saha udakukkhepaṃ katvāva vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ udakukkhepasīmā uppajjati, na vināti sanniṭṭhānaṃ kātabbaṃ. Nanu ca mātikāṭṭhakathāyaṃ paricchedabbhantare hatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā ṭhitopi, paricchedā bahi aññaṃ tattakaṃyeva paricchedaṃ anatikkamitvā ṭhitopi kammaṃ kopeti, idaṃ sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu sinniṭṭhāna』nti vuttavacane navirujjhatīti ce.

這是完整的中文直譯: 如何文句結構不相關?如在森林中說"七內量界不生起,僅是森林",同樣在河流中也不說"僧團遍處而坐,投水界不生起",而是依動詞關聯方式說"沒有投水界羯磨"。應作的羯磨是什麼?是投擲。即使這樣文句結構也是不相關的。在"爲了避免別眾羯磨...投水界七內量界生起,不需要時則不生起"中,"不需要時"的意思也可以是"即使沒有投水"。為什麼?因為由"只有需要界時"這順理方式,"不需要界時不生起"的意思是合理的。 有些人說"測量四周內量作限定才生起界,不是自然生起",這不應接受。因為如果...如此處那樣,在投水界中在河流等處也是如此,因為那裡也不知道中等人,這樣由"用盡全力投擲"這句話也可知大師的意趣是"與投水一起在需要界時投水界生起,不需要時則不生起"。 如何特徵不同?村界、七內量界、投水界雖然以未結界的共性相同,但不是相同特徵。因為在"諸比丘,在未許可的界,未建立時,依止某村或鎮而住,那個村的村界或鎮的鎮界,這在那裡是共住一布薩"這學處中,允許小或大一切村莊處所是村界,不像七內量界那樣依四周擲土塊量度而允許。在七內量界中也不允許"如果在無村的森林中所依止住的,那森林的森林界"。同樣在河流海洋天然池塘中也不像村界那樣允許一切河流海洋天然池塘處所是河流海洋天然池塘界。也不像七內量界那樣允許"四周七內量"。如此這些村界、七內量界、投水界是不同特徵的。 因此依世尊所制定的學處,在村界中小或大一切村莊處所就是村界,在七內量界中依"四周七內量"所制定的學處,四周七內量界與需要界一起自然生起。因此測量不測量的考慮是無意義的。同樣在投水界中也依"中等人四周投水所及"所制定的學處與投水一起生起,所以沒有考慮投不投擲的必要。 如何範圍不同?七內量界是森林範圍,投水界是河流海洋天然池塘範圍,這樣這些村界、七內量界、投水界也是不同範圍的。因此即使說"在河流等處也是這個道理",七內量界也是與需要界一起依自性而生起七內量界。同樣在投水界中也是與需要界一起作投水而爲了避免別眾羯磨生起投水界,不是沒有[投水],應當作這樣的結論。 然而在《攝頌注》中說"在界限內離開伸手所及而住者,在界限外不越過另一個同樣界限而住者,使羯磨無效,這是一切註釋書的結論"的話不相違嗎?

Taṃ na, mātikāṭṭhakathāyaṃ 『『sace pana dvesaṅghā visuṃvisuṃ uposathādikammaṃ karonti, dvinnaṃ udakukkhepānaṃ antare añño eko udakukkhepo upacāratthāya ṭhapetabbo』』ti dvinnaṃ saṅghānaṃ visuṃ visuṃ kammakaraṇādhikāre vuttattā. Sāratthadīpaniyampi 『『tattha aññaṃ tattakaṃyeva paricchedaṃ anatikkamitvā ṭhitopi kammaṃ kopetīti idaṃ neva pāḷiyaṃ, na aṭṭhakathāyaṃ upalabbhati. Yadi cetaṃ dvinnaṃ saṅghānaṃ visuṃvisuṃ uposathādikammakaraṇādhikāre vuttattā udakukkhepato bahi aññaṃ udakukkhepaṃ anatikkamitvā uposathādikaraṇatthaṃ. Ṭhito saṅgho sīmāsambhedasambhavato kammaṃ kopetīti iminā adhippāyena vuttaṃ siyā. Evaṃ sati yujjeyya, teneva mātikāṭṭhakathāyaṃ līnatthappakāsaniyaṃ aññaṃ tattakaṃyeva paricchedanti dutiyaṃ udakukkhepaṃ anatikkamantopi kopeti. Kasmā, attano udakukkhepasīmāya paresaṃ udakukkhepasīmāya ajjhotthatattā sīmāsambhedo hoti, tasmā kopetī』ti 『『idaṃ sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu sanniṭṭhāna』』nti ca iminā adhippāyena vuttanti gahetabbaṃ. Sabbāsupi aṭṭhakathāsu sīmāsambhedassa anicchitattā teneva attano ca aññesañca udakukkhepaparicchedassa antarā añño udakukkhepo sīmantarikatthāya ṭhapetabboti vuttaṃ. Aññe panettha aññathāpi papañcenti, taṃ na gahetabba』nti vatvā paṭikkhittaṃ. Tassa 『『antohatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā ṭhito kammaṃ kopetī』』ti iminā paricchedato bahi yatthakatthaci ṭhito kammaṃ na kopetīti dīpetīti sāratthadīpanīvacanenāpi ekasmiṃ saṅghasannipāte paricchedato bahi aññaṃ tattakaṃyeva paricchedaṃ anatikkamitvā ṭhitopi kammaṃ na kopetīti veditabbametaṃ sāratthadīpaniyaṃyeva imamatthaṃ daḷhikaraṇavasena udakukkhepappamāṇā sīmantarikā suviññeyyatarā hoti, sīmāsambhedasaṅkā ca na siyāti sāmicidassanatthaṃ añño udakukkhepo sīmantarikatthāya ṭhapetabbo』ti vuttaṃ. Yattakena pana sīmāsambhedo na hoti, tattakaṃ ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva, tenāhu porāṇā 『『yattakena sīmasaṅkaro na hoti, tattakampi ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati. Khuddakaṃ pana na vaṭṭatī』』ti idampi udakukkhepasīmāya parisavasena vaḍḍhanato sīmasambhedasaṅkā siyā. Taṃ nivāraṇatthameva vuttanti.

Pāḷiṃ aṭṭhakathañceva, ṭīkāvimatiādike;

Oloketvā punappunaṃ, maññantu kavipuṅgavāti;

Ayamettha udakukkhepasīmāya vicāraṇā.

Janapadasīmā nāma ekassa rañño vijite pavatto mahāmaccānaṃ nivāsabhūto ekameko padeso janapadasīmā nāma.

Raṭṭhasīmā nāma kāsikosalādikā soḷasa mahājanapadā. 『『Soḷasamahānagara』』ntipi tesaṃ nāmaṃ. Tattha soḷasa mahājanapadāni nāma. Aṅgaraṭṭhaṃ, magadharaṭṭhaṃ, kosalaraṭṭhaṃ, vajjiraṭṭhaṃ, cetiyaraṭṭhaṃ, kururaṭṭhaṃ, pañcālaraṭṭhaṃ, majjharaṭṭhaṃ, surasenaraṭṭhaṃ, assakaraṭṭhaṃ, avantiraṭṭhaṃ, gandhālaraṭṭhaṃ, mallaraṭṭhaṃ, kambojaraṭṭhanti imāni soḷasamahājanapadāni nāma. Ime soḷasamahājanapadā majjhimapadeseyeva pavattā mahāraṭṭhā nāma tadaññepi sunāparantaraṭṭhādikā bahutarāva. Tathā paccantavisayepi rāmaññādikā anekappabhedā mahāraṭṭhā attheva tepi sabbe raṭṭhasīmā nāma. Lokiyasatthesu pana yasmiṃ padese khattiyabrāhmaṇavessasuddavasena catuvaṇṇāni vasanti, so padeso 『『mahāraṭṭho』』ti pavuccati. Vuttañhe taṃ porāṇehi.

這是完整的中文直譯: 這不對,因為在《攝頌注》中說"如果兩個僧團各自作布薩等羯磨,在兩個投水所及之間應當爲了界域而設立另一個投水所及",這是在兩個僧團各自作羯磨的章節中說的。在《精要燈》中也說"在那裡不越過另一個同樣界限而住者使羯磨無效",這在經和註釋書中都找不到。如果這是在兩個僧團各自作布薩等羯磨的章節中說的,意思是在投水所及外不越過另一個投水所及而爲了作布薩等而住的僧團因為可能有界的混雜而使羯磨無效,這樣說才合理。因此在《攝頌注·顯明隱義》中"另一個同樣界限"即不越過第二個投水所及也使[羯磨]無效。為什麼?因為自己的投水界被他人的投水界覆蓋而有界的混雜,所以使[羯磨]無效。"這是一切註釋書的結論"應當理解是以這個意趣而說的。因為在一切註釋書中都不允許界的混雜,所以說在自己和他人的投水界限之間應當爲了界間而設立另一個投水所及。 其他人在這裡作其他的廣釋,說那不應接受而否定了。應當知道這與"離開內部伸手所及而住者使羯磨無效"表示在界限外任何地方住者不使羯磨無效的《精要燈》的話相符,即在一個僧團集會時,在界限外不越過另一個同樣界限而住者也不使羯磨無效。在《精要燈》中爲了加強這個意思而說"以投水量度的界間更容易理解,也不會有界混雜的疑慮,所以應當爲了界間而設立另一個投水所及"。但只要不會有界混雜,設立多少都可以,因此古人說:"只要不會有界混雜,設立多少都可以。但[設立]小的不可以。"這也是因為投水界依會眾而增長可能有界混雜的疑慮,爲了避免這點而說的。 諸位大詩人應當 反覆觀察經典註疏 以及復注遣疑等書 這是關於投水界的考察。 所謂地區界即是在一個國王統治範圍內大臣們居住的每一個處所稱為地區界。 所謂國界即迦尸(波羅奈)、憍薩羅等十六大國。它們也稱為"十六大城"。其中十六大國是:央伽國(現孟加拉)、摩揭陀國(現比哈爾南部)、憍薩羅國(現北方邦)、跋耆國、支提國、俱盧國、般遮羅國、中國、蘇羅先那國、阿濕摩迦國、阿槃提國、健陀羅國、摩拉國、劍浮阇國,這些是十六大國。這十六大國只存在於中印度,稱為大國。其他如蘇那波蘭陀等國也很多。同樣在邊地也有若干羅曼雅等許多大國,這些都稱為國界。但在世間典籍中說,凡是剎帝利、婆羅門、吠舍、首陀羅四姓居住的地方,那個地方稱為"大國"。古人也是這樣說的。

『『Pavattā catuvaṇṇānaṃ, yasmiṃ padese na vijjate;

So milakkhudeso vutto, puññabhūmi tato para』』nti.

Rajjasīmā nāma ekassa rañño āṇāpavattaṭṭhānaṃ rajjasīmā nāma.

Dīpasīmā nāma samuddantare vā nadimajjhe vā pavattā dīpā dīpasīmā nāma. Yasmiṃ pana dīpe gāmā vasanti, so gāmasīmātveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati, vakkhati hi sukkhe jātassare vāpiṃ vā khaṇanti vappaṃ vā karonti, taṃ ṭhānaṃ gāmakhettaṃ hotīti.

Cakkavāḷasīmā nāma 『『āyāmato ca vitthārato ca yojanānaṃ dvādasasatasahassāni tīṇisahassāni cattārisatāni paññāsañcayojanāni.

Parikkhepato

『『Sabbaṃ satasahassāni, chattiṃsaparimaṇḍalaṃ;

Dasañceva sahassāni, aḍḍhuḍḍhāni satānicā』』ti.

Vuttaṃ ekaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ cakkavāḷasīmā nāma. Evaṃ pannarasappabhedā hoti sīmā. Tattha iddhimā puggalo yasmiṃ yasmiṃ vā sīme uposathādisaṅghakammaṃ karoti, tattha tattha gate bhikkhū hatthapāsanayanaṃ vā bahisīmakaraṇaṃ vā kātuṃ chandārahānaṃ, chandaṃ āharitvā kātuṃ sakkuṇeyyabhāvoyeva pamāṇaṃ. Evamasakkonte aniddhimapuggale sandhāya atimahantāraññe samantā sattabbhantarasīmā anuññātā. Tattha sīmāpekkhāya saha samantā sattabbhantarasīmā attano sabhāveneva jātā tathā nadīsamuddajātassaresupi majjhimassa purisassa samantā udakukkhepasīmā anuññātā tatthapi vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ sīmāpekkhaṃ katvā udakukkhepena saha udakukkhepasīmā uppajjati tathā gāmanigamajanapadanagararaṭṭharajjasīmāsupi vaggakammaparihāratthaṃ baddhasīmā anuññātā. Tato paresu pana gāmasīmasattabbhantaraudakukkhepasīmā nuññātasuttānulomanayasāmatthiyato khuddakesu gāmanigamajanapadanagaresu tattha tattha gate bhikkhū sodhetvā chandārahānaṃ chandaṃ āharitvā samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyāva uposathādisaṅghakammaṃ kātabbameva tathā khuddake araññepi nadījātassarepi yathāsukhaṃ uposathādisaṅghakammaṃ kātabbamevāti.

Evaṃ paricchindanalakkhaṇena abhedepi baddhābaddhavasena duvidhā. Tappabhedena pannarasavidhā, sarūpavasena pana khaṇḍasīmā, upacārasīmā, samānasaṃvāsasīmā, avippavāsasīmā, lābhasīmā, gāmasīmā. Nigamasīmā, nagarasīmā, abbhantarasīmā, araññasīmā, udakukkhepasīmā, nadīsīmā, jātassarasīmā, samuddasīmā, janapadasīmā, raṭṭhasīmā, rajjasīmā, dīpasīmā, cakkavāḷasīmātiekūnavīsappabhede pi sīme vipattilakkhaṇaṃ pahāya sampattilakkhaṇappakāsakaṃ sīmavisodhanīnāma pakaraṇaṃ samattaṃ.

Iti

『『Sīmavisodhaniṃ nāma, nānāganthasamāhaṭaṃ;

Karissaṃ me nisāmentu, sādhavo kavipuṅgavā.

Pāḷiṃ aṭṭhakathañceva, mātikāpadabhājaniṃ;

Ogāhetvāna taṃ sabbaṃ, punappunamasesato.

Attanomatiganthesu, ṭīkāgaṇṭhipadesu ca;

Vinicchayavimatīsu, mātikāṭṭhakathāsupi.

Sabbaṃ asesakaṃ katvā, saṃsanditvāna ekato;

Pavattā vaṇṇanā esā, tosayantī vicakkhaṇe』』ti.

Imesaṃ gāthāpadānaṃ attho sabbaso saṃvaṇṇito hoti.

Sīmasampattikathā niṭṭhitā.

這是完整的中文直譯: "在任何地方若不見 四姓之人所住處 稱為野蠻人地域 其外則為功德地" 所謂王界即是一個國王的統治所及之處稱為王界。 所謂洲界即是在海中或河中的島嶼稱為洲界。但在有村落居住的島上,那就算作村界,因為將要說"在乾涸的天然池塘中挖池或作耕種,那地方成為村田"。 所謂輪圍界即"長度和寬度為十二萬三千四百五十由旬。 周長: 一切三十六萬 加上一萬零五 又加五十由旬" 所說的一個輪圍稱為輪圍界。如此界有十五種。其中神通者在任何界中作布薩等僧團羯磨,能使到達那裡的比丘們移到伸手所及處或移到界外,或能取得應與欲者的欲后才作,這才是量度。對於不能這樣做的非神通者,允許在過大的森林中四周七內量界。在那裡與需要界一起四周七內量界依自性而生起。同樣在河流海洋天然池塘中也允許中等人四周投水界,在那裡也是爲了避免別眾羯磨而作需要界后與投水一起生起投水界。同樣在村鎮地區城市國土王界中也允許爲了避免別眾羯磨而結界。但在其他[界]中,依允許村界七內量界投水界的經典順理方式的含義,在小的村鎮地區城市中,清凈了到達那裡的比丘們,取得應與欲者的欲后,只有依和合僧團的同意才應當作布薩等僧團羯磨。同樣在小森林和河流天然池塘中也應當隨意作布薩等僧團羯磨。 如此雖然以限定特徵而無差別,但依已結界未結界而有兩種。依其分類有十五種,但依自性則有破界、界域、共住界、不離宿界、利養界、村界、鎮界、城界、內量界、森林界、投水界、河界、天然池塘界、海界、地區界、國界、王界、洲界、輪圍界等十九種界,捨棄過失特徵而顯示成就特徵的《凈界論》完成。 如是: "我將造《凈界論》 從眾多典籍集來 愿善人詩人上首 傾聽於我所造作 潛入巴利與註疏 以及攝頌分別義 反覆窮盡無餘地 探尋一切其內容 於己見解之著作 復注難語處等中 抉擇除疑等書中 攝頌註釋等書中 將此一切無遺漏 相互對照而統一 此說明得以流傳 令智者們生歡喜" 這些偈頌的意思已經完全解釋了。 界成就說完畢。

Parisasampattināma ekavīsativajjanīyapuggale vajjetvā etarahi ñatticatutthakammena upasampannā bhikkhū paccantimesu janapadesu pañcavaggato paṭṭhāya, majjhimesu janapadesu dasavaggato paṭṭhāya sabbe hatthapāsaṃ avijahitvā nisinnā honti, ayaṃ parisasampatti nāma. Tattha ekavīsati vajjanīyā nāma 『『na bhikkhave saga ṭṭhāya parisāyā』』ti vacanato heṭṭhā 『『na bhikkhave bhikkhuniyā nisinnaparisāya pātimokkhaṃ uddisitabba』』nti ādinānayena vuttā bhikkhunī, sikkhamānā, sāmaṇero, sāmaṇerī, sikkhāpaccakkhātako, antimavatthuajjhāpannako, āpattiyā adassane ukkhittako, āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittako, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittako, paṇḍako, theyyasaṃvāsako, titthiyapakkantako, tiracchānagato, māghātutako, pitughātako, arahantaghātako, bhikkhunidūsako, saṅghabhedako, lohituppādako, ubhatobyañjanakoti te bahisīmakaraṇavasena nisinnāti attho. Yadi te hatthapāse vā sīmeyeva vā honti, te avajjetvā pañcavaggādiko pakatattagaṇo hatthapāsaṃ avijahitvā nisinno hoti, kārakasaṅgho sāvajjo, kammaṃpana na kuppati kasmā avaggārahattā. Aparepana evaṃ vadanti antimavatthuajjhāpannassa avandanīyesu avuttattā, tena saddhiṃ sayantassa sahaseyyāpattiyā abhāvato tassa ca paṭiggahaṇassa rūhanatoti tadeva yuttataranti viññāyati, kiñcāpi yāva so bhikkhubhāvaṃ paṭijānāti, tāva vanditabbo. Yadā pana 『『assamaṇomhī』』ti paṭijānāti, tadā na vanditabboti ayamettha viseso veditabbo. Antimavatthuajjhāpannassa hi bhikkhubhāvaṃ paṭijānantasseva bhikkhubhāvo, na tatoparaṃ. Bhikkhubhāvaṃ appaṭijānanto hi anupasampannapakkhaṃ bhajatīti majjhimagaṇṭhipade sāratthadīpaniyañca vuttattā antimavatthu ajjhāpannapubbo bhikkhu attano kāraṇaṃ ajānitvāva tena saha pañcavaggagaṇo uposathādisaṅghakammaṃ karoti, kārakasaṅgho anavajjo, kammampi na kuppatīti, tesaṃ matimattameva. Kasmā sahaseyyāpatti abhāvopi tassa bhikkhusaññāya patiṭṭhitattā, paṭiggahaṇaruhaṇassa ca tasmiṃ puggale bhikkhūti saddahitattā tena puggalena sahaseyyāpattipi natthi, paṭiggahaṇañca ruhati, ekavīsativajjanīyapuggalepi tathāvidhassa avicārikattā tena saha pañcavaggagaṇo uposathādisaṅghakammaṃ karonto kārakasaṅgho asañcicca anupavajjo. Kammaṃ pana kuppatīti amhākaṃ khanti, ito yuttataro labbhamāno pariyesitabbova.

Parisasampattikathā niṭṭhitā.

Evaṃ vatthuñattianusāvanasīmaparisasampattivasena pañcahi aṅgehi sampannoti pañcaṅgoti vā samaggena saṅghena ñatticatutthena kammena akuppena ṭhānārahena uparibhāvaṃ samāpannoti vā dvīhi kāraṇehi laddhanāmo ñatti catutthaupasampannabhāvo atidullabhova.

Evaṃ buddhuppādo dullabho, tato pabbajjā ca upasampadā cā ti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ padānaṃ atto vuttoyeva hoti.

Iti sāgarabuddhittheraviracite sīmavisodhane

Upasampadākaṇḍo paṭhamo paricchedo.

這是完整的中文直譯: 所謂會眾成就即除去二十一種應避免的人,現在由白四羯磨而受具足戒的比丘們,在邊地從五人開始,在中國從十人開始,全都不離開伸手所及處而坐,這稱為會眾成就。其中二十一種應避免的人即因"諸比丘,不應在混雜的會眾中"這話,如下面"諸比丘,不應在比丘尼坐的會眾中誦波羅提木叉"等方式所說的:比丘尼、式叉摩那、沙彌、沙彌尼、舍戒者、犯重罪者、因不見罪而被擯除者、因不懺罪而被擯除者、因不捨惡見而被擯除者、黃門、盜住者、外道轉入者、畜生、殺母者、殺父者、殺阿羅漢者、污比丘尼者、破僧者、出佛身血者、兩性人,意思是他們依移到界外而坐。如果他們在伸手所及處或在界內,不避免他們而五人等清凈比丘群不離開伸手所及處而坐,作羯磨的僧團有過失,但羯磨不無效。為什麼?因為沒有缺眾。 其他人這樣說:因為在不應禮敬者中沒有說到犯重罪者,因為與他同宿沒有同宿罪,而且他的受[食]也成立,所以這更合理。雖然只要他承認是比丘身份就應當禮敬。但當他說"我不是沙門"時就不應禮敬,這是這裡應當知道的區別。因為犯重罪者只有在承認比丘身份時才是比丘,之後就不是。因為不承認比丘身份者就屬於未受具足戒者之類。因為在中部難語處和《精要燈》中說,先前犯重罪的比丘在不知道自己的情況下與他一起作五人僧團的布薩等僧團羯磨,作羯磨的僧團無過失,羯磨也不無效,這只是他們的見解。為什麼?因為沒有同宿罪也是建立在對他的比丘想上,而且受[食]的成立是因為相信那個人是比丘,所以與那個人也沒有同宿罪,受[食]也成立。在二十一種應避免的人中也因為沒有考慮這樣的人,所以與他一起作五人僧團的布薩等僧團羯磨的作羯磨僧團因為不故意而無過失。但羯磨無效,這是我們的見解,應當尋求比這更合理的[見解]。 會眾成就說完畢。 如此依事、白、隨羯磨、界、會眾成就五支而成就稱為五支,或依和合僧團的白四羯磨而無過失,應得上位而成就,由這兩個原因而得名的白四受具足戒身份極為難得。 如此佛出世難得,出家和受具足戒更難得,這三句話的意思已經說了。 如是在海覺長老所造的《凈界論》中 第一品受具足戒品完畢。

  1. Kappavināsakaṇḍo

Idāni buddhuppādadullabhakathā

『『Buddho ca dullabho loke, saddhammasavanampi ca;

Saṅgho ca dullabho loke, sappurisāti dullabhā』』ti.

Imissā gāthāya saṃvaṇṇanākkamo sampatto. Tattha imasmiṃ sattaloke okāsaloke vā sabbaññusammāsambuddho dullabhova tathā hesa loko saṅkhāraloko, sattaloko, okāsalokoti tippabhedo hoti tesaṃ sampattivipatti ca evaṃ veditabbā tattha lujjati palujjatīti lokoti vacanatthena sattaloko veditabbo. Lokiyanti patiṭṭhahanti ettha sattanikāyāti vacanatthena okāsaloko veditabbo. Tathā hesa sattā avakasanti etthātiokāsoti vuccati so bhūmivasena apāyabhūmi, kāmasugatibhūmi, rūpāvacarabhūmi, arūpāvacarabhūmiceti catubbidhā hoti. Tattha nirayaṃ, tiracchānayoni, pettivisayo, asurakāyo, ti catasso apāyabhūmi nāma. Manussā, cātumahārājikā, tāvatiṃsā, yāmā, tusitā, nimmānarati, paranimmitavasavattī ceti sattavidhā hoti kāmasugatibhūmi sāpanāyaṃ ekādasavidhāpi kāmataṇhā avacarati etthāti vacanatthena kāmāvacarabhūmi nāma. Brahmapārisajjā, brahmapurohitā, mahābrahmā ca paṭhamajjhānabhūmi idaṃ agginā pariggahitaṭṭhānaṃ. Parittābhā, appamāṇābhā, ābhassarā ca dutiyajjhānabhūmi idaṃ āpena pariggahitaṭṭhānaṃ. Parittasubhā, appamāṇasubhā, subhakiṇhā ca tatiyajjhānabhūmi idaṃ vātena pariggahitaṭṭhānaṃ, tesaṃ vipattiṃ parato vaṇṇayissāma. Vehapphalā, asaññasattā, suddhāvāsā ca catutthajjhānabhūmiceti rūpāvacarabhūmi soḷasavidhā hoti. Avihā, atappā, sudassā, sudassī, akaniṭṭhāceti suddhāvāsabhūmi pañcavidhā hoti. Ākāsānañcāyatanabhūmi, viññāṇañcāyatanabhūmi, ākiñcaññāyatanabhūmi, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanabhūmiceti catubbidhā hoti arūpabhūmi. Ettāvatā ekatiṃsappabhedāpi bhūmi avakasanti ettha sattanikāyāti vacanatthena okāsoti vuccati. Tattha aṭṭha mahānirayāni apāyabhūmi nāma. Tiracchānaṃ pettivisayo asurakāyoti imesaṃ visuṃ bhūmi nāma natthi, manussabhūmiyaṃyeva yattha katthaci araññavanapatthādīsu nibaddhavāsaṃ vasanti soyeva padeso tesaṃ bhūmi. Manussabhūmito dvitālīsasahassayojano yugandharappamāṇo sineruno pañcamāḷindho cātumahārājikabhūmi. Tatupari dvitālīsasahassayojanaṃ sinerumatthakaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ bhūmi. Tatupari dvetālīsasahassayojanaṃ ṭhānaṃ yāmānaṃ bhūmi. Iminā nayena yāva vasavattibhūmi dvitālīsasahassayojane tiṭṭhati, tasmā manussabhūmito yāva vasavattibhūmi dvesahassānipañcana hutāni duvesatasahassāni yojanāni honti, tenetaṃ vuccati.

『『Manussabhūmito yāva, bhūmi vasavattantarā;

Duve satasahassāni, pañcanahutameva ca.

Dvesahassañca madhikaṃ, yojanānaṃ pamāṇato;

Gaṇanā nāma bhūmīsu, saṅkhyā evaṃ pakāsitā』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 2、劫滅品 現在是佛出世難得說 "佛在世間實難得,聞正法亦復難得; 僧在世間實難得,善士亦復甚難得。" 這偈頌的解釋次第已到。其中在這有情世間或器世間中,正等正覺的一切知者確實難得。如是這世間有行世間、有情世間、器世間三種。它們的成就和敗壞應當這樣了知:其中依"毀壞、破壞"的語義,應知有情世間。依"有情群居住立於此"的語義,應知器世間。如是這稱為處所,因為有情居住於此。它依地而有惡趣地、欲善趣地、色界地、無色界地四種。其中地獄、畜生道、餓鬼界、阿修羅眾,這四種稱為惡趣地。人、四大王天、三十三天、夜摩天、兜率天、化樂天、他化自在天,這七種是欲善趣地。而這十一種因為欲愛遊行於此的語義而稱為欲界地。梵眾天、梵輔天、大梵天是初禪地,這是被火所圍繞的處所。少光天、無量光天、光音天是第二禪地,這是被水所圍繞的處所。少凈天、無量凈天、遍凈天是第三禪地,這是被風所圍繞的處所,我們將在後面描述它們的敗壞。廣果天、無想有情天、凈居天是第四禪地,如此色界地有十六種。無煩天、無熱天、善現天、善見天、色究竟天,如此凈居地有五種。空無邊處地、識無邊處地、無所有處地、非想非非想處地,如此無色界地有四種。如此三十一種地依"有情群居住於此"的語義而稱為處所。其中八大地獄稱為惡趣地。畜生、餓鬼界、阿修羅眾沒有各自的地,只是在人地的任何森林曠野等處常住,那個地方就是它們的地。從人地四萬二千由旬,與持雙山相等的須彌山第五層是四大王天地。其上四萬二千由旬的須彌山頂是三十三天的地。其上四萬二千由旬處是夜摩天的地。依此方式直到他化自在天地都是四萬二千由旬,因此從人地到他化自在天地總共有二十萬零五萬零二千由旬,因此這樣說: "從人地直至 他化自在間 二十萬由旬 加五萬由旬 再加二千數 依量度計算 如此已宣說 諸地之數量"

Tatupari brahmapārisajjādayo tayo brahmuno pañcapaññāsasatasahassa aṭṭhasahassayojane samatale ṭhāne tiṭṭhanti. Dutiyatatiyabhūmībrahmunopi tappamāṇesu samatalesu tiṭṭhanti. Catutthabhūmiyaṃ pana vehapphalaasaññasattā tappamāṇe samatale ṭhāne tiṭṭhanti. Tatuparisuddhāvāsabhūmiyo taṃtaṃ pamāṇe ṭhāne uparūpari tiṭṭhanti. Catassopi arūpabhūmiyo tappamāṇe ṭhāne uparūpari tiṭṭhanti. Ettāvatā ca manussabhūmito yāva bhavaggā yojanānaṃ sattakoṭi ca aṭṭhārasalakkhā ca pañcanahutāni ca chasahassāni ca honti tenetaṃ vuccati porāṇehi.

『『Heṭṭhimā brahmalokamhā, patitā mahatī silā;

Ahorattena ekena, uggatā aṭṭhatālīsaṃ.

Yojanānaṃ sahassāni, cātumāsehi bhūmi;

Evaṃ vuttappamāṇena, sāyaṃ heṭṭhimabhūmi.

Ito satasahassāni, sattapaññāsa cāparaṃ;

Saṭṭhi ceva sahassāni, ubbedhena pakāsitā.

Yojanesupi vuttesu, hitvā kāmappamāṇakaṃ;

Sesāni vasavattīnaṃ, pārisajjāna mantaraṃ.

Tañca pañcahi paññāsa, satasahassāni cāparaṃ;

Aṭṭha ceva sahassāni, yojanāni pavuccare.

Ito parāsu sabbāsu, brahmabhūmīsu yojanā;

Tappamāṇāva daṭṭhabbā, nayaggāhena dhīmatā.

Bhūmito ābhavaggamhā, sattakoṭi aṭṭhārasa;

Lakkhā pañca nahutāni, chasahassāni sabbadāti.

Esā ca vicāraṇā ṭīkā cariyamatena katā;

Idameva sandhāya, yāvatā candimasūriyā.

Pariharanti disā bhanti, virocamānā yāvatā;

Tāva sahassadhā loke, ettha te vattatī vaso』』ti.

Vuttaṃ. Etthantare sattā tiṭṭhanti, tesaṃ vitthāro apubbaṃ katvā kathetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā na vakkhāma imasmiṃ sattaloke okāsaloke ca sabbaññusammāsambuddhova dullabho, tathā hi cattāro buddhā anubuddho, sāvakabuddho, paccekabuddho, sammāsambuddhoti. Tattha bahussutaṃ bhikkhuṃ pasaṃsantena ca na so tumhākaṃ sāvako nāma, buddhonāmesa cundāti bahussutassa bhikkhuno buddhabhāvaṃ anujānantena ca.

Dhammakāyo yato satthā, dhammo satthukāyo mato;

Dhammāsikoso saṅgho ca, satthusaṅkhyampi gacchatīti.

Vutte puthujjanopi upacāravasena vācanāmaggassa bodhattā anubuddho nāma. Ariyasāvako pana parato yosavasena cattāri saccāni bujjhati bujjhanamattameva vāti vacanatthena bujjhanasabhāvattā sāvakabuddho nāma. Yo pana khaggavisāṇakappo sayambhūñāṇena anaññabodhako hutvā sāmaṃ bujjhanatthena paccekabujjhattā paccekabuddho nāma. Sambuddhotipi etasseva nāmaṃ. Yo pana saṅkhatāsaṅkhatappabhedaṃ sakalampi dhammajātaṃ yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇappaṭivedhavasena sammā pakārena sayaṃ pacitupāramitāsayambhūtena sayambhūñāṇena sayameva anaññabodhito hutvā savāsanasammohaniddāya accantaṃ vigato dinakarakiraṇasamāgamena paramarucirasirīsobhaggappattiyā vikasitamiva padumaṃ aggamaggañāṇasamāgamena aparimitaguṇagaṇālaṅkatasabbaññutaññāṇappattiyā sabbadhamme bujjhi abujjhi aññāsīti sammāsambuddho, bhagavā, sova loke dullabho paccekasambuddhānampi hi ekasmiṃ kāle satasahassādivasena ekato pavattattā te dullabhāpi anacchariyajātattā paresaṃ maggaphalādhigamāya upanissayarahitattā ca sammāsambuddhova loke dullabho, ayaṃ lokasampattivicāraṇā.

這是完整的中文直譯: 其上梵眾等三種梵天住在五十五萬零八千由旬的平地處。第二第三地的梵天也住在同等量的平地處。在第四地中,廣果天和無想有情天住在同等量的平地處。其上凈居諸地依各自的量度一層層向上而住。四種無色界地也依同等量度一層層向上而住。如此從人地直到有頂共有七億一千八百五萬零六千由旬,因此古人這樣說: "從下梵世界 大石頭墜落 一晝夜之間 上升四十八 千由旬距離 四月到地面 如此量度說 這是最下地 從此七百五 十萬又加上 六萬由旬高 如此已宣說 在所說由旬 除去欲界量 餘者自在天 至梵眾天間 那又五十五 十萬又加上 八千由旬數 如是已宣說 此後一切處 諸梵天地中 由旬應當知 智者依理解 從地至有頂 七億又一千 八百五十萬 六千為總數" 這考察是依註釋師的見解而作。正是針對這個而說:"日月所周行,光明所照耀,所有諸方域,皆歸你統治。"在這之間有情居住,因為無法說出前所未有的詳細內容,我們就不說了。在這有情世間和器世間中唯有正等正覺的一切知者難得。因為有四種佛:隨覺者、聲聞佛、獨覺佛、正等正覺佛。其中讚歎多聞比丘說:"純陀,他不是你們的聲聞,他是佛。"允許多聞比丘的佛性,以及: "法身即是師,法即師之身, 法劍鞘僧伽,亦稱為導師。" 如是說凡夫也因為依世俗而覺悟言語之道而稱為隨覺者。聖聲聞則因為依後來的自在力覺悟四諦,或僅是覺悟的意思,依覺悟自性的語義而稱為聲聞佛。而獨一如犀角者以自覺智而不由他覺,依自己覺悟的意思而獨自覺悟,故稱為獨覺佛。"正覺"也是他的名字。而完全依如實相特徵通達而正確地以自己圓滿波羅蜜的自覺智,自己而不由他覺,完全離開隨眠愚癡睡眠,如蓮花遇到日光而獲得最勝美麗莊嚴一樣,以最上道智相應而獲得無量功德莊嚴的一切知智,覺悟、證悟、了知一切有為無為差別的諸法,故稱為正等正覺、世尊。只有他在世間難得。因為即使獨覺佛在一時有十萬等一起出現,他們雖然難得但不是稀有,而且缺乏令他人證得道果的因緣,所以只有正等正覺佛在世間難得。這是世間成就的考察。

Kathaṃ lokassa vipatti veditabbā tathā hesa loko vinassamāno tejenapi āpenapi vāyunāpi vinassati. Tassa vitthāro visuddhimaggādīsu vuccamānopi kesañci puggalānaṃ matena micchāgāhattā brahmūnaṃ āyunā minitepi asamānaṃ saṃvaṭṭasīmāpi viruddhā, tasmā tesaṃ vādaṃ apanetvā ganthato samānetvā vakkhāma. Tattha cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni. Katamāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni saṃvaṭṭo, saṃvaṭṭaṭṭhāyī, vivaṭṭo, vaṭṭaṭṭhāyīti. Tayo saṃvaṭṭā āposaṃvaṭṭo, tejosaṃvaṭṭo, vāyosaṃvaṭṭo. Tisso saṃvaṭṭasīmā ābhassarā, subhakiṇhā, vehapphalāti. Ayamettha uddeso. Tattha saṃvaṭṭo nāma parihāyamāno kappo. Tena saṃvaṭṭaṭṭhāyīpi gahito hoti, taṃ mūlakattā. Vaḍḍhayamāno vivaṭṭakappo nāma. Tena vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyīpi gahito taṃ mūlakattā. Tattha saṃvaṭṭoti vināso. Yadā kappo vinassamāno tejena saṃvaṭṭati, ābhassarato heṭṭhā paṭhamajjhānabhūmi agginā dayhati. Yadā āpena saṃvaṭṭati, subhakiṇhato heṭṭhā yāva dutiyajjhānabhūmi udakena vilīyati. Yadā vāyunā saṃvaṭṭati, vehapphalato heṭṭhā yāva tatiyajjhānabhūmi vātena saṃvaṭṭati. Vitthārato pana jātikhetta āṇākhettavisayakhettavasena tiṇṇaṃ buddhakhettānaṃ āṇākhettaṃ vinassati. Tasmiṃ vinaṭṭhe jātikhettampi vinassateva. Tattha jātikhettaṃ dasasahassacakkavāḷapariyantaṃ hoti. Taṃ tathāgatassa paṭisandhiggahaṇaāyusaṅkhārossajjanādikālesupi kampati. Āṇākhettaṃ koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷapariyantaṃ. Yattha ratanasuttaṃ khandhaparittaṃ dhajaggaparittaṃ āṭānāṭiyaparittaṃ moraparittanti imesaṃ parittānaṃ ānubhāvo pavattati. Visayakhettaṃ anantaṃ aparimāṇaṃ. Tattha jātikhettaāṇākhettāvasena dve khettāni ekato vinassanti. Saṇṭhahantampi ekato saṇṭhahati. Tassa vināsoca saṇṭhahantañca evaṃ veditabbaṃ yasmiṃ samaye kappo agginā nassati, tadā ādito kappavināsakamahāmegho vuṭṭhahitvā koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷaṃ ekameghavassaṃ vasi, tuṭṭhā manussā bījāni vappenti, sassesu gokhāyitamattesu jātesu gadrabharavaṃ viravanto ekabindupi na patati. Yadā pacchinnameva hoti tadā vassūpajīvino sattā kālaṃ katvā parittābhesu brahmabhūmīsu uppajjanti puññaphalūpajīvinopi devatā tattheva brahmaloke uppajjanti, evaṃ dīghassa addhuno accayena tattha tattha udakaṃ parikkhayaṃ gacchati, macchakacchapādi udakanissitā pāṇā kālaṃ katvā manussadevalokesu nibbattitvā jhānaṃ uppādetvā brahmaloke nibbattanti. Nerayikasattāpi sattamasūriyapātubhāvā vinassanti, tepi devaloke paṭiladdhajjhānavasena brahmaloke uppajjanti, tadā hi lokabyūhā nāma kāmāvacaradevā ukkhittasirā vikiṇṇakesā rudamukhā assūni hatthehi muñcamānā rattavatthanivatthā ativiya virūpavesadhārino hutvā manussapathe vicarantā evaṃ ārocenti 『『mārisā bho ito vassasata sahassaccayena kappavuṭṭhānaṃ bhavissati ayaṃ loko vinassissati mahāsamuddopisussissati ayañca mahāpathavī sinerupabbatarājā ḍayhissati vinassissati yāvabrahmalokā vināso bhavissati mettaṃ mārisā bhāvetha. Karuṇaṃ, muditaṃ, upekkhaṃ mārisā bhāvetha mātaraṃ upaṭṭhahatha, pitaraṃ upaṭṭhahatha, kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino hothā』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 如何了知世間的敗壞?如是這世間毀滅時由火、由水、由風而毀滅。它的詳細內容雖然在《清凈道論》等中說明,但因為某些人的見解執取錯誤,以梵天壽量來衡量也不相等,劫滅界限也相互矛盾,因此除去他們的說法,我們將依典籍相符而說。其中有四個無數劫。什麼是四個無數劫?壞劫、住壞劫、成劫、住成劫。有三種壞劫:水壞劫、火壞劫、風壞劫。有三種壞劫界限:光音天、遍凈天、廣果天。這是這裡的概要。 其中所謂壞劫即衰退的劫。由此也包含住壞劫,因為它是根本。增長的稱為成劫。由此也包含住成劫,因為它是根本。其中壞即毀滅。當劫由火毀滅時,從光音天以下初禪地被火燒。當由水毀滅時,從遍凈天以下直到第二禪地被水融化。當由風毀滅時,從廣果天以下直到第三禪地被風毀滅。但依廣度則毀滅[佛的]生處境、命令境、境界境三種佛境中的命令境。那個毀滅時生處境也必定毀滅。其中生處境以十千世界為邊際。它在如來入胎、放棄壽行等時也震動。命令境以百千俱胝世界為邊際。在那裡《寶經》、《蘊護衛》、《幢頂護衛》、《阿吒那帝護衛》、《孔雀護衛》等護衛的威力執行。境界境是無邊無量的。其中依生處境和命令境兩個境域一起毀滅。安立時也一起安立。 它的毀滅和安立應當這樣了知:當劫被火毀滅時,首先劫滅大云興起,在百千俱胝世界下一場雲雨。人們歡喜播種,當穀物長到牛可啃食時,發出驢鳴般的聲音,一滴也不落下。當[雨]完全斷絕時,依雨而活的眾生死後生在少光天的梵天界中,依福果而活的天人也生在那裡的梵界中。如是經過長久時間后,在各處的水逐漸乾涸,依水而活的魚龜等生物死後生在人天界中,生起禪那後生在梵界中。地獄眾生也因第七太陽出現而毀滅,他們也依獲得禪那的力量生在梵界中。那時名為世界莊嚴的欲界天人抬著頭、散亂著頭髮、哭泣著、用手擦拭眼淚、穿著紅衣、現出極為醜陋的裝扮,在人間遊行宣告說:"諸位,從現在起十萬年後將有劫滅,這世界將毀滅,大海也將乾涸,這大地和須彌山王將被燒燬滅盡,直到梵界都將毀滅。諸位,你們要修習慈心!諸位,你們要修習悲心、喜心、舍心!你們要侍奉母親,侍奉父親,要恭敬家中長輩!"

Tesaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā yebhuyyena manussā ca bhummadevatā ca saṃvegajātā aññamaññaṃ muducittā hutvā mettādīni puññāni karitvā devaloke nibbattanti. Tattha sudhābhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā vāyo parikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ paṭilabhanti, evaṃ nerayikasattāpi aparāpariyakammena devalokaṃ nibbattanti. Ye pana niyatamicchādiṭṭhikā tesaṃ kammassa aparikkhayā aññacakkavāḷesu attano kammānurūpaṃ vipākamanubhonti. Teneva ahosikamme micchādiṭṭhivasena akattabbaṃ nāma pāpaṃ natthi, yato saṃsārakhāṇubhāvova nāma hotīti āha 『『diṭṭhi paramāni bhikkhave vajjānī』』ti. 『『Aparāpariyavedanīyakammarahitopi saṃsaranto satto nāma natthī』』ti vuttattā. 『『Aparāpariyakammavasena yato micchādiṭṭhisamādānato sappurisūpanissayavasena virājetvā bhavato vuṭṭhānaṃ nāma bhaveyyāti amhākaṃ khanti. Evaṃ devaloke paṭiladdhajjhānavasena sabbepi brahmaloke nibbattanti. Vassupacchedato pana uddhaṃ dīghassa addhuno accayena dutiyo sūriyo pātubhavati. Pātubhūte ca tasmiṃ neva rattiparicchedo, na divā paricchedo paññāyati, eko sūriyo uṭṭheti, eko sūriyo atthaṃ gacchati. Avicchinnasūriyasantāpova loko hoti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 聽了他們的話,大多數人和地居天人生起警惕,互相心變柔軟,修習慈心等福德,生在天界。在那裡食用甘露食物,修習風遍,獲得禪那。如此地獄眾生也依後後業生在天界。但那些定邪見者因為業未盡,在其他世界隨其業而感受果報。因此對於已成業,依邪見而言沒有不該作的惡業,由此就稱為輪迴的樁子,所以說:"諸比丘,見是最重的過失。"因為說"沒有輪迴的眾生是沒有後后受業的。"依後後業從執持邪見以來,依善士因緣而離染出離有,這是我們的見解。如此依在天界獲得禪那的力量,一切眾生都生在梵界。 但在斷雨之後經過長久時間,第二個太陽出現。當它出現時,既不顯現夜晚的界限,也不顯現白天的界限,一個太陽升起,一個太陽落下。世界成為不間斷的太陽熱量。

Pakatisūriye sūriyadevaputto atthi kappavināsakasūriye pana natthi. Pakatisūriyobhāsena ākāse valāhakā dhūmasikhāpi caranti. Kappavināsakasūriyobhāsena vigatadhūmavalāhakaṃ ādāsamaṇḍalaṃ viya nimmalaṃ hoti nabhaṃ ṭhapetvā gaṅgā, yamunā, sarabhū, aciravatī, mahīti, imā pañca mahānadiyo ṭhapetvā avasesapañcasatakunnadīādīsu udakaṃ sussati tato dīghassa addhuno accayena tatiyo sūriyo pātubhavati tasmiṃ pātubhūte pañca mahānadiyopi sussanti. Tato dīghassa addhuno accayena catuttho sūriyo pātubhavati. Yassa pātubhāvā himavatī mahānadīnaṃ pabhavā sīhapatano, haṃsapatano, mandākinī, kaṇṇamuṇḍako, rathakāradaho, anotattadaho, chaddantadaho, kuṇāladahoti ime satta mahāsarā sussanti. Tato dīghassa addhuno accayena pañcamo sūriyo pātubhavati, yassa pātubhāvā anupubbena mahāsamuddo aṅgulipabbatemanamattampi udakaṃ na saṇṭhāti. Tato dīghassa addhuno accayena chaṭṭho sūriyo pātubhavati, yasmiṃ pātubhāve sakalacakkavāḷaṃ ekadhūmaṃ hoti, pariyādinnasinehadhūmena yathā ca evaṃ koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷampi. Tatopi dīghassa addhuno accayena sattamo sūriyo pātubhavati, yassa pātubhāvā sakalacakkavāḷaṃ ekajālaṃ hoti saddhiṃ koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷehi yojanasatikādibhedā sinerukūṭāni palujjitvā ākāseyeva antaradhāyanti. Sāpi aggijālā uṭṭhahitvā cātumahārājike gaṇhāti, tattha kanakavimānaratanavimānāni jhāpetvā tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ gaṇhāti etenūpāyena yāva paṭhamajjhānabhūmi gaṇhāti. Tattha tayopi brahmaloke jhāpetvā ābhassare āhacca aṭṭhāsi. Sā yāva aṇumattampi saṅkhāragataṃ atthi, tāva nanibbāyi. Sabbasaṅkhāraparikkhayā pana sappitelajhāpanaaggisikhā viya chārikampi anavasesetvā nibbāyi. Heṭṭhā ākāsena saha upari ākāso eko hoti mahandhakāro. Evaṃ kappavināsakamahāmeghato yāvajālaparicchedā saṃvaṭṭo nāma ekamasaṅkhyeyyaṃ nāma. Atha dīghassa addhuno accayena mahāmegho vuṭṭhahitvā paṭhamaṃ sukhumaṃ vassati. Anupubbena kumudanāḷayaṭṭhimusalatālakkhandhādippamāṇāhi dhārāhi vassanto koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷesu sabbaḍaḍḍhaṭṭhānaṃ pūretvā antaradhāyati. Taṃ udakaṃ heṭṭhā ca tiriyañca vāto samuṭṭhahitvā ghanaṃ karoti. Parivaṭumaṃ paduminipatte udakabindusadisaṃ. Evaṃ aggijālanibbāyanato yāva koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷaparipūrato sampattimahāmegho, idaṃ saṃvaṭṭaṭṭhāyī nāma, dutiyamasaṅkhyeyyaṃ nāma. Kathaṃ tāva mahantaṃ udakarāsiṃ vāto ghanaṃ karotīti ce. Vivarasampadānato taṃ vā tena piṇḍiyamānaṃ ghanaṃ kariyamānaṃ parikkhayamānaṃ anupubbena heṭṭhā otarati. Otiṇṇotiṇṇe udake pubbe brahmalokaṭṭhāne brahmapāri sajja-brahmapurohitamahābrahmāvasena paṭhamajjhānabhūmi paṭhamaṃ pātubhavati. Tato otiṇṇotiṇṇe udake catukāmāvacaradevalokaṭṭhāne anukkamena paranimmitavasavattī, nimmānaratī, tusitā, yāmāti cattāro kāmāvacaradevalokā pātubhavanti. Tato purimapathaviṭṭhānaṃ otiṇṇe pana udake balavavātā uppajjanti. Te taṃ pidahitadvāre dhamakaraṇe ṭhitaudakamiva nirussāsaṃ katvā nirujjhanti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 常太陽中有太陽天子,但在劫滅太陽中沒有。常太陽的光芒中,雲和煙柱在空中游行。劫滅太陽的光芒中,天空沒有煙雲,如鏡面般清凈。除了恒河、閻牟那河、薩羅布河、阿基羅伐底河、摩醯河這五條大河外,其餘五百小河等中的水乾涸。之後經過長久時間,第三個太陽出現。當它出現時,五條大河也乾涸。之後經過長久時間,第四個太陽出現。因它的出現,雪山中大河的源頭獅子瀑、天鵝瀑、曼陀基尼池、金耳池、車匠池、無熱惱池、六牙池、鳩那羅池這七大湖乾涸。之後經過長久時間,第五個太陽出現,因它的出現,大海中漸漸連一指節深的水也不留存。之後經過長久時間,第六個太陽出現,當它出現時,整個世界成為一片煙霧,因耗盡水分的煙霧,如是百千俱胝世界也是如此。之後經過長久時間,第七個太陽出現,因它的出現,整個世界成為一片火焰,連同百千俱胝世界,百由旬等高的須彌山峰崩塌消失在虛空中。那火焰升起吞沒四大王天,在那裡燒燬金宮寶宮后吞沒三十三天界,以此方式直到吞沒初禪地。在那裡燒燬三種梵天界后,到達光音天而止。只要還有微細的有為法存在,它就不熄滅。但當一切有為法滅盡時,如同燒盡酥油的火焰,連灰燼也不留下而熄滅。下方虛空與上方虛空合為一體,成為大黑暗。如此從劫滅大云直到火焰界限稱為壞劫,即第一無數劫。 然後經過長久時間,大云興起,最初下細雨。漸漸以睡蓮莖、杵、棕櫚乾等大小的水滴下雨,充滿百千俱胝世界所有被燒之處后消失。那水被下方和四方的風升起而變得堅實,如同蓮葉上的水滴。如此從火焰熄滅直到充滿百千俱胝世界而成就的大云,這稱為住壞劫,即第二無數劫。如何如此大的水量被風變得堅實呢?由於空隙的圓滿,它被風團結、變堅實、減少,漸漸向下沉降。當水一層層下沉時,在先前梵界處首先出現依梵眾、梵輔、大梵而有的初禪地。然後當水一層層下沉時,在四欲界天界處依次出現他化自在天、化樂天、兜率天、夜摩天四個欲界天界。然後當水沉降到先前地界處時,強風生起。它們使那水如同在密閉的風箱中一樣無法呼出而止息。

Madhurodakaṃ parikkhayaṃ gacchamānaṃ upari rasapathaviṃ samuṭṭhāpeti sā vaṇṇasampannāceva hoti gandharasasampannā ca, nirudakapāyāsassa upari paṭalaṃ viya tadā ca ābhassarabrahmaloke paṭhamatarābhinibbattā sattā āyukkhayā vā puññakkhayā vā tato cavitvā idhūpapajjanti. 『『Puññakkhayā vā』』ti iminā brahmūnaṃ āyuparicchedaṃ appatvāva kammakkhayena maraṇaṃ viññāyati. Te honti sayaṃpabhā antalikkhacarā. Te aggaññasutte vuttanayena taṃ rasapathaviṃ sāyitvā taṇhābhibhūtā āluppakāraṃ paribhuñjituṃ upakkamanti. Atha nesaṃ sayaṃ pabhā antaradhāyati, andhakāro hoti te andhakāraṃ disvā bhāyanti. Tato nesaṃ bhayaṃ nāsetvā sūrabhāvaṃ janayantaṃ paripuṇṇapaṇṇāsayojanaṃ sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ vā pātubhavati. Te taṃ disvā 『『ālokaṃ paṭilabhimhā』』ti haṭṭhatuṭṭhā hutvā 『『amhākaṃ bhayaṃ nāsetvā sūrabhāvaṃ janayanto uṭṭhito, tasmā sūriyo hotū』』ti sūriyo tvevassa nāmaṃ karonti. Atha sūriye divasaṃ ālokaṃ katvā atthaṅgate 『『yampi ālokaṃ labhimhā, sopi no naṭṭho』』ti puna bhītā honti. Tesaṃ evaṃ hoti 『『sādhuvatassa aññaṃ ālokaṃ labheyyāmā』』ti. Tesaṃ cittaṃ ñatvā viya ekūnapaññāsayojanaṃ candamaṇḍalaṃ pātubhavati . Te taṃ disvā bhiyyosomattāya haṭṭhatuṭṭhā hutvā 『『amhākaṃ chandaṃ ñatvā viya uṭṭhito, tasmā cando hotū』』ti candotvevassa nāmaṃ karonti. Tato pabhuti rattidivā paññāyanti. Anukkamena ca māsaddhamāsautusaṃvaccharā. Candimasūriyānaṃ pana pātubhūtadivaseyeva sinerucakkavāḷahimavantapabbatā pātubhavanti, te ca kho apubbaṃ acarimaṃ phagguṇapuṇṇamadivaseyeva pātubhavanti. Kathaṃ yathānāma kaṅgubhatte paccamāne ekappahāreneva bubbuḷakāni uṭṭhahanti. Eke padesā thūpathūpā honti, eke ninnaninnā, eke samasamā evameva thūpathūpaṭṭhāne pabbatā honti, ninnaninnaṭṭhāne samuddā, samasamaṭṭhāne dīpāti evaṃ manussaloke saṇṭhite cātumahārājikā, tāvatiṃsāti dve kāmāvacaradevalokā pacchato pātubhavanti. Bhūmanissitā nāma hete dve devalokā. Evaṃ sampattimahāmeghato yāva candimasūriyapātubhāvo, idaṃ vivaṭṭo nāma tatiyamasaṅkhyeyyaṃ nāma. Atha tesaṃ sattānaṃ rasapathaviṃ paribhuñjantānaṃ kammena ekacce vaṇṇavanto, ekacce dubbaṇṇā honti tattha vaṇṇavanto dubbaṇṇe atimaññanti. Tesaṃ mānātimānapaccayā sāpi rasapathavī antaradhāyati. Bhūmipappaṭako pātubhavati atha nesaṃ teneva nayena sopi antaradhāyati, patālatā pātubhavati, teneva nayena sāpi antaradhāyati. Akaṭṭhapāko sāli pātubhavati akaṇo athuso suddho sugandho taṇḍulapphalo. Tato nesaṃ bhājanāni uppajjanti te sālī bhājane ṭhapetvā pāsāṇapiṭṭhiyā ṭhapenti, sayameva jālasikhā uṭṭhahitvā pacati. So hoti odano sumanajātipupphasadiso, na tassa sūpena vā byañjanena vā karaṇīyaṃ atthi. Yaṃyaṃ rasaṃ bhuñjitukāmā honti, taṃtaṃ rasova hoti. Tesaṃ taṃ oḷārikaṃ āhāraṃ āharataṃ tato pabhuti muttakarīsaṃ sañjāyati. Atha nesaṃ tassa nikkhamanatthāya vaṇamukhāni pabhijjanti. Purisassa purisabhāvo, itthiyā itthibhāvo pātubhavati. Tatrasudaṃ itthī purisaṃ, puriso ca itthiṃ ativelaṃ upanijjhāyati. Tesaṃ ativelaṃ upanijjhāyanabhāvā kāmapariḷāho uppajjati. Tato methunadhammaṃ paṭisevanti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 甜水減少時在上方產生精粹地。它具足色相、香味。如無水的乳糜上的薄膜。那時最先生在光音梵天界的眾生,或因壽盡或因福盡從那裡死後生在這裡。"或因福盡"這話表示梵天們不到壽量盡頭就因業盡而死。他們是自身發光、行於虛空者。他們如《起源經》中所說的方式品嚐那精粹地,被渴愛征服而開始貪食。然後他們的自身光明消失,成為黑暗。他們看到黑暗而恐懼。然後除去他們的恐懼而生起光明的圓滿五十由旬的太陽輪出現。他們看到它而歡喜雀躍說:"我們重獲光明","除去我們的恐懼而生起光明升起,所以是太陽",因此給它取名為"太陽"。然後太陽照亮白天后落下,"我們獲得的光明也失去了"而再次恐懼。他們想:"如果能獲得另一個光明就好了"。似乎知道他們的心意,四十九由旬的月輪出現。他們看到它更加歡喜雀躍,"似乎知道我們的意願而升起,所以是月亮",因此給它取名為"月亮"。從那以後顯現晝夜。漸漸有月半月季節年。在太陽月亮出現的同一天,須彌山、輪圍山、雪山諸山出現,它們是在月圓之日同時出現,不前不後。如何呢?就像煮稷米飯時同時出現氣泡一樣。有些地方高起,有些地方低陷,有些地方平坦。如是在高起處成為山,在低陷處成為海,在平坦處成為洲。當人世間如此安立時,四大王天、三十三天兩個欲界天界後來出現。這兩個天界是依地而住。如此從成就大云直到日月出現,這稱為成劫,即第三無數劫。 然後那些眾生享用精粹地時,由於業,有些色相好,有些色相丑。其中色相好者輕視色相丑者。因為他們的慢心和過慢,那精粺地也消失。地膜出現。然後依同樣方式它也消失。地藤出現。依同樣方式它也消失。不耕而熟的稻出現,無殼無糠清凈香美,果實即是米。然後他們的容器出現。他們把稻放在容器中置於石頭上,自然有火焰升起而煮熟。那成為如素馨花般的飯,不需要湯或咖哩。他們想要什麼味道就是什麼味道。當他們食用那粗食時,從那以後產生大小便。然後爲了排出它們,傷口出現。男人的男相,女人的女相出現。於是女人過分注視男人,男人也過分注視女人。因為他們過分注視,生起欲熱惱。然後他們從事淫慾法。

Te asaddhammapaṭisevanapaccayā viññūhi garahiyamānā viheṭhiyamānā tassa asaddhammassa paṭicchādanahetu agārāni karonti.

Te agāraṃ ajjhāvasamānā anukkamena aññatarassa alasajātikassa sattassa diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjantā sannidhiṃ karonti. Tato pabhuti kaṇopi thusopi taṇḍulaṃ pariyonaddhanti, lāyitaṭṭhānampi nappaṭivirūhati. Te sannipatitvā anuṭṭhunanti 『『pāpakā vata bho dhammā sattesu pātubhūtā, mayaṃ pubbe manomayā ahumhā』』ti. Aggaññasutte vuttanayena vittharetabbaṃ. Tato mariyādaṃ ṭhapenti. Athaññataro satto aññassa bhāgaṃ adinnaṃ ādiyati. Taṃ dvikkhattuṃ paribhāsitvā tatiyavāre leḍḍudaṇḍehi paharanti. Te evaṃ adinnādānakalahamusāvādadaṇḍadānesu uppannesu sannipatitvā cintayanti, 『『yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekaṃ sattaṃ sammanneyyāma, yo no sammā khiyitabbaṃ khiyeyya, garahitabbaṃ garaheyya, pabbājetabbaṃ pabbājeyya, mayaṃ panassa sālīnaṃ bhāgaṃ anupadassāmā』』ti. Evaṃ katasanniṭṭhānesu pana sattesu imasmiṃ tāva kappe ayameva bhagavā bodhisattabhūto tena samayena tesu sattesu abhirūpataro ca dassanīyataro ca mahesakkhataro ca buddhisampanno paṭibalo niggahapaggahaṃ kātuṃ te taṃ upasaṅkamitvā yācitvā sammaniṃsu. So tena mahājanena sammatotipi mahāsammato, khettānaṃ adhipatīti khattiyo, dhammena samena paresaṃ rañjetīti rājāti, tīhi nāmehi paññāyittha. Yañhi loke acchariyaṃ ṭhānaṃ bodhisattova tattha ādi purisoti evaṃ bodhisattaṃ ādiṃ katvā khattiyamaṇḍale saṇṭhite anupubbena brāhmaṇādayopi vaṇṇā saṇṭhahiṃsu. Evaṃ candimasūriyapātu bhāvato yāva puna kappavināsakamahāmegho, idaṃ vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyī nāma catutthamasaṅkhyeyyaṃ nāma. Tenetaṃ vuccati megho jālaparicchinno saṃvaṭṭoti jālā meghaparicchinno saṃvaṭṭaṭṭhāyīti vuccati. Meghā sūriyaparicchinno vivaṭṭoti vuccati. Sūriyā meghaparicchinno vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyīti vuccati. Cattāri imāni kappāni mahākappoti vuccati. Vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyikappeyeva uppajjanti buddhādayoti. Tathā hi imasmiṃyeva vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyiasaṅkhyayyakappe buddhapacceka buddhasāvakacakkavattino uppajjanti, na tīsu asaṅkhyeyyakappesu. Tañca kho asuññakappeyeva, na suññakappe. Tattha buddhapaccekabuddhasāvakacakkavattīhi puññavantapuggalehi asuññattā asuññakappo nāma. Tabbigamena suññakappo veditabbo. Tesupi asuññakappo pañcavidho hoti sārakappo , maṇḍakappo, varakappo, sāramaṇḍakappo, bhaddakappoti, tesu yasmiṃ kappe ekova buddho uppajjati, so sārakappo nāma. Yasmiṃ kappe dve buddhā uppajjanti, so maṇḍakappo nāma. Yasmiṃ kappe tayo uppajjanti, so varakappo nāma. Yasmiṃ kappe cattāro buddhā uppajjanti, so sāramaṇḍakappo nāma. Yasmiṃ kappe pañca buddhā uppajjanti, so bhaddakapponāma. Imāni pañcakappāniyeva saheva samodhānetvā jātattakīsotattakiyā nidāne.

『『Nando sunando pathavī, maṇḍo dharaṇī sāgaro;

Puṇḍarīko ime satta, asaṅkhyeyyā pakāsitā.

Pañca buddhasahassāni, honti nande asaṅkhyeyye;

Nava buddhasahassāni, sunandamhi asaṅkhyeyye.

Dasa buddhasahassāni, pathavimhi asaṅkhyeyye;

Ekādasa sahassāni, tamhi maṇḍe asaṅkhyeyye.

Vīsati buddhasahassāni, dharaṇimhi asaṅkhyeyye;

Tiṃsa buddhasahassāni, sāgaramhi asaṅkhyeyye.

這是完整的中文直譯: 他們因從事非法而被智者呵責騷擾,爲了隱藏那非法而建造房屋。 他們住在房屋中,漸漸效仿某個懶惰眾生的行為而儲藏。從那以後,糠和殼包裹米粒,已收割之處也不再生長。他們聚集嘆息說:"諸位,惡法已在眾生中出現,我們先前是意生身"。應當如《起源經》中所說的方式詳述。然後他們設立界限。這時某個眾生取走另一個人未給予的份額。他們訶責他兩次,第三次用土塊和棍棒打他。當這樣生起不與取、爭吵、妄語、棍棒之刑時,他們聚集思考:"讓我們推選一個眾生,他能適當地呵責應呵責者,譴責應譴責者,驅擯應驅擯者,我們將給他稻穀的份額。"當衆生如此決定時,在這劫中,這位世尊作為菩薩時,在那些眾生中最莊嚴、最端嚴、最有威德、具足智慧、有能力執行懲罰和提拔。他們走近他請求並推選他。他因為被大眾推選而稱為"大眾推選",因為是田地的主而稱為"剎帝利",因為以法平等使他人歡喜而稱為"王",以這三個名字而聞名。因為世間任何稀有之處菩薩都是最初之人,如此以菩薩為開始而剎帝利階級安立后,漸漸婆羅門等其他種姓也安立。如此從日月出現直到再次劫滅大云,這稱為住成劫,即第四無數劫。因此說云被火界限稱為壞劫,火被云界限稱為住壞劫,云被日界限稱為成劫,日被云界限稱為住成劫。這四劫稱為大劫。佛等只在住成劫中出現。因此在這住成劫無數劫中出現佛、辟支佛、聲聞、轉輪聖王,不在其他三個無數劫中。而且只在非空劫中,不在空劫中。其中因為有佛、辟支佛、聲聞、轉輪聖王等福德人而不空稱為非空劫。與此相反的應知為空劫。在這些非空劫中又有五種:精劫、精華劫、勝劫、精精劫、賢劫。其中只出現一佛的劫稱為精劫。出現兩佛的劫稱為精華劫。出現三佛的劫稱為勝劫。出現四佛的劫稱為精精劫。出現五佛的劫稱為賢劫。這五種劫都合併在如是態度的因緣中: "歡喜善歡喜, 大地摩尼持, 海蓮這七種, 已說為無數。 五千佛出現, 在歡喜無數, 九千佛出現, 善歡喜無數。 一萬佛出現, 在大地無數, 一萬一千佛, 在摩尼無數。 二萬佛出現, 在持地無數, 三萬佛出現, 在大海無數。

Cattālīsa sahassāni, puṇḍarīke asaṅkhyeyye;

Asaṅkhyeyyesu sattasu, ettakāti pavuccati.

Ekaṃsatasahassāni, vīsati ca sahassañca;

Sesā pañcasahassāni, sabbabuddhehi maṇḍitā』』ti.

Vuttaṃ. Aparampi vuttaṃ.

『『Bhaddo sabbaphullo, sabbaratano usabhakkhandho;

Mānitabhaddo ca padumo, usabhakkhantuttameva ca;

Sabbabhāso asaṅkhyeyyo, navamoti pavuccati.

Paṇṇāsa buddhasahassāni, sabbabhadde asaṅkhyeyye;

Saṭṭhi buddhasahassāni, sabbaphulle asaṅkhyeyye.

Sattati buddhasahassāni, sabbaratane asaṅkhyeyye;

Asīti buddhasahassāni, usabhakkhandhe asaṅkhyeyye.

Navuti buddhasahassāni, mānitabhadde asaṅkhyeyye;

Vīsati buddhasahassāni, padumamhi asaṅkhyeyye.

Dasa buddhasahassāni usabhamhi asaṅkhyeyye;

Pañca buddhasahassāni, khantuttame asaṅkhyeyye.

Dve ca buddhasahassāni, sabbabhāse asaṅkhyeyye;

Aṅkhyeye navasmiṃ, ettakāti pavuccati.

Tīṇi satasahassāni, sattāsītisahassañca;

Gaṇanānañca buddhānaṃ, sabbabuddhehi maṇḍitā』』ti.

Te sabbepi sammāsambuddhe yāva arimetteyyā samodhānetvā

『『Sambuddhe aṭṭhavīsañca, dvādasañca sahassake;

Pañcasatasahassāni, namāmi sirasā mahaṃ;

Tesaṃ dhammañca saṅghañca, ādarena namāmahaṃ.

Namakkārānubhāvena, hitvā sabbe upaddave;

Anekaantarāyāpi, vinassantu asesato』』ti.

Namassanagāthā pavattā sā ūnasaṅkhyāvaseneva katāva bhavitabbaṃ, tathā hi amhākaṃ bhagavā porāṇabrahmadevabuddhaṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva porāṇasakyagotamā manasāva cintentassa sattaasaṅkhyeyyāni vītivattāni porāṇasakyagotamabuddhaṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva majjhimadīpaṅkarā vācāmattena nava asaṅkhyeyyāni vītivattāni. Majjhimadīpaṅkarato paṭṭhāya yāva padumuttarabuddhā kāyaṅgavācaṅgavasena cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni vītivattāni. Padumuttarabuddhato yāva kakusandhā ekamasaṅkhyeyyaṃ vītivattaṃ. Evamimesu vīsatiasaṅkhyeyyesu brahmadevaporāṇasakyagotamabuddhānamantare satta asaṅkhyeyye sabbaṃ sampiṇḍetvā ekasatasahassañca vīsati sahassañca pañcasahassāni ca honti. Porāṇasakyagotamamajjhimadīpaṅkarānamantare nava asaṅkhyeyye sabbaṃ sampiṇḍetvā tīṇisatasahassāni sattāsītisahassāni ca honti. Majjhimadīpaṅkarato yāva metteyyā aṭṭhavīsāti sabbaṃ samodhānetvā aṭṭhavīsañca dvādasasahassañca pañcasatasahassāni ca honti tasmā ūnasaṅkhyāti veditabbā. Paripuṇṇasaṅkhyāvasena icchamānehi cintetabbāva. Esā ca saṅkhyāvicāraṇā nidāne vuttāva.

Evaṃ 『『cintitaṃ sattasaṅkhyeyyaṃ, navasaṅkhyeyyavācakaṃ;

Kāyavācā catusaṅkhyeyyaṃ, buddhattaṃsamupāgamī』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: "四萬佛出現, 在蓮花無數, 在七無數中, 如是已宣說。 十萬又二萬, 余有五千佛, 一切諸佛陀, 莊嚴而出現。" 又說: "賢一切開花,一切寶牛肩, 尊賢與蓮花,牛肩最上等, 一切光無數,第九已宣說。 五萬佛出現,一切賢無數, 六萬佛出現,一切花無數。 七萬佛出現,一切寶無數, 八萬佛出現,牛肩中無數。 九萬佛出現,尊賢中無數, 二萬佛出現,蓮花中無數。 一萬佛出現,牛中之無數, 五千佛出現,上忍中無數。 二千佛出現,一切光無數, 在第九無數,如是已宣說。 三十萬又加,八萬七千佛, 計數諸佛陀,一切佛莊嚴。" 把所有正等正覺者直到彌勒都合併而說: "二十八正覺,一萬二千佛, 五十萬佛陀,我頭面頂禮, 我恭敬禮敬,彼等法與僧, 以禮敬威力,除去諸災難, 所有諸障礙,悉皆得消滅。" 這禮敬偈是依不足數而作。因為當我們世尊從古梵天佛開始直到古釋迦牟尼只用意念思維時經過七個無數劫,從古釋迦牟尼佛開始直到中分燈佛只用語言經過九個無數劫。從中分燈佛開始直到蓮華佛依身語經過四個無數劫。從蓮華佛直到拘留孫佛經過一個無數劫。如是在這二十個無數劫中,在古梵天佛和古釋迦牟尼佛之間七個無數劫總共有十萬二萬零五千。在古釋迦牟尼佛和中分燈佛之間九個無數劫總共有三十萬零八萬七千。從中分燈佛直到彌勒二十八[佛]總共合併有二十八加一萬二千加五十萬。因此應知是不足數。若欲依圓滿數則應思維。這數目的考察已在因緣中說過。 如是:"思維七無數, 語言九無數, 身語四無數, 證得佛陀果。"

Vuttesu vīsatiasaṅkhyeyyesu pavattaasaṅkhyeyyakappavaseneva katā. Atthato pana sārakappamaṇḍakappavarakappasāramaṇḍakappabhaddakappavasena pañcavidhāti veditabbā. Imāni pañcanāmāni buddhuppādakappeyeva labbhanti, anuppannakappe pana suññakappotveva nāmaṃ labbhati tathā hi kappasaṇṭhahanakāle sabbapaṭhamaṃ mahābodhipallaṅkaṭṭhāneyeva paduminigabbhā uppajjati. Sā yasmiṃ kāle eko buddho uppajjissati, eko paduminigabbho aṭṭhaparikkhārehi saha uppajjati. Taṃ disvā suddhāvāsabrahmuno nemittapāṭhakā arahanto imasmiṃ kappe eko buddho uppajjissatīti sañjātapītisomanassā hutvā aṭṭhaparikkhāre gahetvā brahmaloke ṭhapenti 『『yadā buddho uppajjissati, tadā dassāmā』』ti. Evaṃ dve tayo cattāro pañca buddhā uppajjissanti, tadā dve tīṇi cattāri pañca paduminigabbhā aṭṭhaparikkhārehi saha uppajjanti. Tañca kho ekasmiṃ yeva nāḷekeka baddhā hutvā uppajjanti. Evaṃ kappasaṇṭhahanakālato paṭṭhāyeva imāni pañca nāmāni labbhantīti veditabbāni. Ettāvatā imasmiṃyeva vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyīasaṅkhyeyyakappe buddhādayo mahesakkhā puññavanto cakkavattirājāno uppajjanti, tathā āyukappantarakappānipi. Tattha āyukappo nāma tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyuparicchedo. Antarakappo nāma tattha sattharogadubbhikkhānaṃ aññatarasaṃvaṭṭanena bahūsu vināsamupagatesu avasiṭṭhasattasantā nappavattakusalakammānubhāvena dasavassato paṭṭhāya anukkamena asaṅkhyeyyāyukappappamāṇesu sattesu pana adhammasamādānavasena kamena parihāyitvā dasavassāyukesu jātesu rogādīnamaññatarasaṃvaṭṭanena sattānaṃ vināsappatti yāva ayameko antarakappo. Evaṃ paricchinnaantarakappavasena catusaṭṭhiantarakappo eko asaṅkhyeyyakappo vīsati antarakappappamāṇoti apare vadanti. Imāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyakappāni eko mahākappo nāma. Evaṃ tejo saṃvaṭṭavasena tāva mahākappānaṃ antaraṃ aggināva vinassati. Yasmiṃ pana samaye kappo udakena nassati, tadā āditova kappavināsakamahāmegho vuṭṭhahitvāti pubbe vuttanayeneva vitthāretabbaṃ ayaṃ pana viseso yathā tattha dutiyasūriyo, evamidhapi kappavināsako khārudakamahāmegho vuṭṭhāti so ādito sukhumaṃ vassanto anukkamena mahādhārāhi koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷaṃ pūrento vassati. Khārudakena phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhā pathavīpabbatādayo vilīyanti taṃ udakaṃ vātena samantato dhāritaṃ pathavito yāva parittābhā appamāṇābhā ābhassarāti tayopi dutiyajjhānabhūmi udakaṃ gaṇhāti. Tattha tayopi brahmaloke vilīyāpetvā subha kiṇhe āhacca tiṭṭhati yāva aṇumattaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ atthi, tāva na vūpasamati. Udakānugataṃ pana sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ abhibhavitvā sahasā vūpasamati antaradhānaṃ gacchati, heṭṭhā ākāsena saha upari ākāso eko hoti mahandhakāroti sabbaṃ vuttasadisameva. Kevalaṃ panidha otiṇṇotiṇṇe udake ābhassarabrahmalokaṃ ādiṃ katvā lokapātubhāvo veditabbo.

這是完整的中文直譯: 在所說的二十個無數劫中是依已生起的無數劫而作。但實際上應知是依精劫、精華劫、勝劫、精精劫、賢劫五種。這五種名稱只在佛出現的劫中獲得,在未生起[佛]的劫中則只獲得空劫的名稱。因為在劫形成時,首先在大菩提座處產生蓮蕾。當將有一佛出現時,一個蓮蕾與八種資具一起生起。看到它時,凈居天中精通占相的阿羅漢歡喜踴躍說:"在這劫中將有一佛出現",取了八種資具放在梵天界說:"當佛出現時,我們將給予。"如是將有二、三、四、五佛出現時,二、三、四、五蓮蕾與八種資具一起生起。而且它們都生在同一莖上。如是應知從劫形成時就獲得這五種名稱。 如此在這住成劫無數劫中出現佛等大威德、具福德的轉輪聖王,同樣也有壽劫和中劫。其中所謂壽劫是那些眾生的壽量限度。所謂中劫是當其中因刀兵、疾病、饑饉的某種[災難]而許多[眾生]趨向滅亡時,依餘下眾生相續的善業威力,從十歲開始漸次[增長]。當衆生壽量無數時,依不法的執取而漸漸減少到十歲時,因疾病等某種[災難]而眾生趨向滅亡,這是一個中劫。如是依限定的中劫,有說六十四中劫為一無數劫,二十中劫為量。這四個無數劫稱為一個大劫。 如是首先依火壞劫,大劫的中間由火毀滅。當劫被水毀滅時,首先劫滅大云興起,應如前所說的方式詳述。但這裡的差別是,如彼處有第二太陽,如是這裡有劫滅鹹水大云興起。它最初下細雨,漸漸以大雨滴充滿百千俱胝世界而下雨。大地、山等被鹹水觸及而融化。那水被風從四方持住,從地界直到少光天、無量光天、光音天三種第二禪地被水佔據。在那裡使三種梵天界融化後到達遍凈天而止。只要還有微細的有為法存在,它就不平息。但當水隨行的一切有為法征服后突然平息消失,下方虛空與上方虛空合為一體,成為大黑暗,一切都如前所說相同。只是這裡應知當水一層層下沉時,從光音梵天界開始出現世間。

Subhakiṇhato cavitvā ābhassaraṭṭhānādīsu sattā nibbattanti etthāpi kappavināsakamahāmeghato yāva kappavināsakaudakaparicchedo saṃvaṭṭo nāma paṭhamamasaṅkhyeyyakappo nāmāti cattāriasaṅkhyeyyakappāni vuttasadisāni evaṃ satta mahākappāni sattakkhattuṃ agginā vilīyitvā aṭṭhame mahākappe udakenapi vināso ca saṇṭhahanañca veditabbaṃ, evaṃ sattasattamahākappo sattasattavāraṃ agginā vilīyitvā aṭṭhame aṭṭhame vāre āpena vilīyitvā anukkamena tesaṭṭhimahākappāni paripuṇṇāni tadā āpavāraṃ paṭibāhitvā catusaṭṭhime mahākappe vātena vinassati tadā ādito kappavināsakamahāvāto vuṭṭhahitvāti sabbaṃ pubbe vuttanayameva. Ayaṃ pana viseso yathā agginā vināsakappe dutiyasūriyo, evamidhāpi kappavināsanatthaṃ vāto samuṭṭhāti so paṭhamaṃ sukhumarajaṃ uṭṭhāpeti, tato thūlarajaṃ saṇharajaṃ sukhumavālikaṃ sakkharapāsāṇādayoti yāva kūṭāgāramatte pāsāṇepi visamaṭṭhāne ṭhitamahārukkheca uṭṭhāpeti, te pathavito nabhamuggatā na puna patanti, tattheva cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā abhāvaṃ gacchanti. Yathānukkamena heṭṭhā mahāpathaviyā vāto samuṭṭhahitvā pathaviṃ parivattetvā uddhaṃmūlaṃ katvā ākāse khipati yojanasatappamāṇāpi pathavippadesā dviyojanatiyojanacatuyojanapañcayojanachayojanasattayojanappamāṇāpi bhijjitvā te vegakkhittā ākāseyeva cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā abhāvaṃ gacchanti cakkavāḷapabbatampi vāto ukkhipitvā ākāse khipati te aññamaññaṃ ghaṭṭayantā cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā vinassanti eteneva bhūmaṭṭhakavimānāni ākāsaṭṭhakavimānāni ca vināsento chakāmāvacaradevaloke nāsetvā koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷāni vināseti. Tattha cakkavāḷā cakkavāḷehi, himavantā himavantehi, sinerū sinerūhi aññamaññaṃ samāgantvā cuṇṇavicuṇṇā hutvā vinassanti. Pathavito yāva parittasubhā, appamāṇasubhā, subhaṇiṇhāti tayopi tatiyajjhānabhūmī vāto gaṇhāti tattha tayopi brahmaloke vināsetvā vehapphalaṃ āhacca aṭṭhāsi. Evaṃ sabbaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ vināsetvā sayaṃ vinassati, heṭṭhā ākāsena saha upari ākāso eko hoti mahandhakāroti sabbaṃ vuttasadisaṃ. Idha pana subhakiṇhabrahmalokaṃ ādiṃ katvā loko pātubhavati. Vehapphalato cavitvā subhakiṇhādīsu sattā nibbattanti, tatthakappavinā sakamahāmeghato yāva kappavināsakavātupacchedo, idaṃ saṃvaṭṭo nāma, paṭhamamasaṅkhyeyyaṃ nāmāti cattāri asaṅkhyeyyakappāni eko mahākappo nāmāti sabbaṃ tejosaṃvaṭṭe vuttanayameva.

Vuttampi cetaṃ.

『『Satta satta gginā vārā, aṭṭhame aṭṭhame dakā;

Catusaṭṭhi yadā puṇṇā, eko vāyuvaro siyā.

Agginā』bhassarā heṭṭhā, āpena subhakiṇhato;

Vehapphalato vātena, evaṃ loko vinassatī』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 從遍凈天死後,眾生生在光音天等處。這裡也是從劫滅大云直到劫滅水的界限稱為壞劫,即第一無數劫,四個無數劫如前所說相同。如是七個大劫七次被火融化后,在第八大劫應知被水毀滅和形成。如是七七大劫七七次被火融化后,每第八次被水融化,漸次圓滿六十三大劫。那時阻止水的次序,在第六十四大劫被風毀滅。那時首先劫滅大風興起,一切如前所說的方式。但這裡的差別是,如火壞劫中有第二太陽,如是這裡也升起劫滅之風。它首先揚起細塵,然後是粗塵、細塵、細沙、礫石等,直到起出重樓高的石頭和處在不平之處的大樹。它們從地升到天空后不再落下,就在那裡成為粉碎而消失。 依次序從下方大地升起的風,轉動大地使其根朝上拋向空中。百由旬量的地塊,二由旬、三由旬、四由旬、五由旬、六由旬、七由旬量的[地塊]破碎,被風力拋起后在空中成為粉碎而消失。風把輪圍山也舉起拋向空中,它們互相碰撞成為粉碎而毀滅。以此方式毀壞地居天宮和空居天宮,滅壞六慾界天界后,毀滅百千俱胝世界。在那裡世界與世界、雪山與雪山、須彌山與須彌山互相相遇而成為粉碎毀滅。從地界直到少凈天、無量凈天、遍凈天三種第三禪地被風佔據。在那裡毀壞三種梵天界后,到達廣果天而止。如是毀壞一切有為法后自身消失,下方虛空與上方虛空合為一體,成為大黑暗,一切如前所說相同。但這裡從遍凈梵天界開始出現世間。從廣果天死後,眾生生在遍凈天等處。在那裡從劫滅大云直到劫滅風的終止,這稱為壞劫,即第一無數劫。四個無數劫稱為一個大劫,一切如火壞中所說的方式。 這也說過: "七七火的次序, 第八第八水, 六十四圓滿, 一風勝應有。 火至光音下, 水至遍凈天, 風至廣果天, 如是世界滅。"

Tasmā tiṇṇampi paṭhamajjhānatalānaṃ ekakappepi avināsābhāvato sakalakappe tesaṃ sambhavo natthīti asaṅkhyeyya kappavasena tesaṃ āyuparicchedo daṭṭhabbo. Dutiyajjhānatalato paṭṭhāya pana paripuṇṇamahākappavasena āyuparicchedo daṭṭhabbo, na asaṅkhyeyyakappavasena. Yadi dutiyajjhānatalato paṭṭhāya paripuṇṇamahākappavasena āyuparicchedo siyā, kathaṃ ābhassarādīsu brahmūnaṃ aṭṭhamahākappādivasena āyu paripuṇṇaṃ siyā, tathā hi paṭhamajjhānatalaṃ sattasu vāresu agginā vinassati. Aṭṭhame vāre yāva ābhassarā udakena vinassati puna sattavāresu agginā paṭhamajjhānatalaṃ, puna aṭṭhamevāre udakena dutiyajjhānatalaṃ vinassatīti evaṃ aṭṭhame vāre āpavāraṃ paṭibāhitvā yāva subhakiṇhā vātena vinassati evaṃ catusaṭṭhi paripuṇṇā hotīti saccaṃ , heṭṭhāvivaṭṭaṭṭhāyī asaṅkhyeyyakappavasena eko satta mahākappāni cāti aṭṭha kappāni ābhassarabrahmūnaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ hoti. Catusaṭṭhikappesupi vivaṭṭaṭṭhāyīasaṅkhyeyyakappavasena eko te saṭṭhimahākappāni cāti catusaṭṭhikappāni subhakiṇhānaṃ brahmūnaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ hoti tena vuttaṃ porāṇehi.

Satta satta』gginā vārā, aṭṭhame aṭṭhame dakā;

Catusaṭṭhi yadā puṇṇā, eko vāyuvaro siyā』ti.

Keci pana.

『『Agginā』bhassarā heṭṭhā, āpena subhakiṇhato;

Vehapphalato vātena, evaṃ loko vinassatī』』ti.

Imissā gāthāya 『『ābhassarāti』』ca 『『subhakiṇhato』』ti ca 『『vehapphalato』』ti ca abhividhivasena vuttabhāvañca samatalabhāvepi seṭṭhabhūmittā paṭṭhānavasena vuttabhāvañca amaññitvā suddhāvāsabhūmīsu viya uparūparivasena bhūmikkamoti maññitvā.

『『Pañcabhūmi naṭṭhā aggi, aṭṭha bhūmi naṭṭhā dakā;

Navabhūmi naṭṭhā vātā, lokanaṭṭhā tadā siyuṃ.

Paṭhame aggi dvattiṃsa, dutiye ādi soḷasa;

Dutiyabhūme majjhe aṭṭhamaṃ, taṃ chappaññāsa vārakaṃ.

Ābhassaramhi catutthaṃ, parittasubhamhi dve jalaṃ;

Appamāṇasubhaṃ ekavāraṃ, mataṃ udakasattama』』nti.

Vadanti tesaṃ vāde ābhassarato heṭṭhā pañcabhūmi agginaṭṭhā, subhakiṇhato heṭṭhā aṭṭhabhūmi udakanaṭṭhāti vadanti. Samataladīpanatthaṃ sandehacchedanatthaṃ evaṃ gahitāti ekabhavapariyosānaṃ sandhāya paṭisandhibhavañcāti ādi vuttanti. Imissāpi atthaṃ duggahitena gahetvā paṭisandhibhavaṅgavasena sadisabhāvameva sandhāya vuttanti parikappenti so ayuttarūpo viya dissati ativiya micchāgāho ca hoti aggaññasuttavisuddhimaggādīhi virujjhanato saṃvaṭṭasīmāpi viruddhā tattha paṭhamajjhānatalaṃ upādāya agginā, dutiyajjhānatalaṃ upādāya udakena, catutthajjhānatalaṃ upādāya vātena vinassatīti vuttavacanenāpi virujjhateva tasmā 『『ābhassarā』』ti ca 『『subhakiṇhato』』ti ca 『『vehapphalato』』ti ca etthābhividhivasena attho gahetabbo. Aññathā 『『upari pabbatā devo vassatī』』ti ettha viya ābhassarasubhakiṇhavehapphalānaṃ tena tena saṃvaṭṭena vināsopi na bhaveyya. Ayaṃ lokavipattiparicchedo. Evaṃ buddho ca dullabho loke ti imassa attho vuttoyeva.

Iti sāgarabuddhittheraviracite sīmavisodhane

Kappavināsakaṇḍo dutiyo paricchedo.

這是完整的中文直譯: 因此因為三種初禪地在任何一劫中都無不毀滅,所以整劫中它們不能存在,應依無數劫觀其壽量限度。但從第二禪地開始,應依圓滿大劫觀其壽量限度,不應依無數劫。如果從第二禪地開始依圓滿大劫[觀]壽量限度,那麼光音天等梵天們如何能以八大劫等的方式圓滿壽量?因為初禪地在七次中被火毀滅。第八次直到光音天被水毀滅,又七次初禪地被火[毀滅],又第八次第二禪地被水毀滅。如是第八次阻止水的次序,直到遍凈天被風毀滅,如是圓滿六十四[劫]。這是真實的,下面依住成無數劫一[劫]和七大劫,即八劫是光音梵天的壽量。在六十四劫中也是依住成無數劫一[劫]和六十大劫,即六十四劫是遍凈梵天的壽量。因此古人說: "七七火的次序,第八第八水, 六十四圓滿,一風勝應有。" 但有些人對: "火至光音下,水至遍凈天, 風至廣果天,如是世界滅。" 這偈頌中的"光音"、"遍凈天"和"廣果天",不理解是依殊勝性說的,也不理解雖是平等卻依最勝地而說,而認為如凈居地一樣是依上上[高低]的地的次第,說: "五地毀於火,八地毀於水, 九地毀於風,彼時世界滅。 初火三十二,第二始十六, 第二地中八,此五十六次。 光音中四次,少凈中二水, 無量凈一次,水第七所知。" 他們的說法說從光音天下五地被火毀,從遍凈天下八地被水毀。爲了說明平等和斷除疑惑而如此理解。說是依一有終盡和結生有等而說。執取這[偈頌]的義理也錯誤,臆測是依結生、有分的相似性而說。這似乎不適當,而且是極大的邪執,因為與《起源經》、《清凈道論》等相違,壞劫的界限也相違。在那裡說依初禪地被火毀滅,依第二禪地被水毀滅,依第四禪地被風毀滅的話也相違。因此"光音"、"遍凈天"和"廣果天"應依殊勝義理解。否則如"山上天降雨"這樣,光音天、遍凈天、廣果天也不會被各種壞劫毀滅。這是世間毀滅的界限。如是"佛在世間難遇"的義理已說。 如是在海慧長老所造清凈界論中 第二品劫滅品終。

  1. Nibbānakaṇḍo

Idāni 『『saddhammasavanampi cāti imassa saṃvaṇṇanākkamo sampatto tattha saddhammasavanampi ca loke dullabhameva tathā hi saddhammo nāma tividho hoti. Pariyattisaddhammo, paṭipattisaddhammo, paṭivedhasaddhammoti. Tattha pariyattisaddhammo nāma tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ. Paṭipattisaddhammo nāma terasadhutaṅgāni asīti khandhakavattādayo abhisamācāravattādīni. Paṭivedhasaddhammo nāma catusaccappaṭivedho. Tesu pariyattisaddhammo dvinnaṃ saddhammānaṃ pubbaṅgamoyeva padaṭṭhānañca. Kasmā taṃmūlakattā tathā hi pariyattiyā asati paṭivedho nāma natthi. Pariyattiyā antarahitāya paṭipatti, paṭipattiyā antarahitāya adhigamo antaradhāyati. Kiṃ kāraṇā ayañhi pariyatti paṭipattiyā paccayo hoti. Paṭipattiadhigamassāpi pariyattiyeva pamāṇaṃ. Tattha paṭivedho ca paṭipatti ca hotipi nahotipi. Ekasmiñhi kāle paṭivedhadharā bhikkhū bahū honti, 『『esa bhikkhu puthujjano』』ti aṅguliṃ paharitvā dassetabbo hoti. Imasmiṃ yeva dīpe ekavāraṃ puthujjanabhikkhunāma nāhosi. Paṭipattipūrakāpi kadāci bahū honti kadāci appā. Iti paṭivedho ca paṭipatti ca hotipi na hotipi. Sāsanassa ṭhitiyā pana pariyattiyeva pamāṇaṃ paṇḍito hi tepiṭakaṃ sutvā dvepi pūreti, yathā amhākaṃ bodhisatto āḷārassa santike pañca abhiññā satta ca samāpattiyo nibbattetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatana samāpattiyā parikammaṃ pucchi. So 『『na jānāmī』』ti āha. Tato udakassa santikaṃ gantvā adhigatavisesaṃ saṃsanditvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassa parikammaṃ pucchi. So ācikkhi, tassa vacanasamanantarameva mahāsatto taṃ sampādesi evameva paññavā bhikkhu pariyattiṃ sutvā dvepi pūreti tasmā pariyattiyā ṭhitāya sāsanaṃ ṭhitaṃ hoti yathā mahātaḷākassa pāḷiyā thirāya udakaṃ na ṭhassatīti na vattabbaṃ udake sati padumādīni pupphāni na pupphissantīti na vattabbaṃ evameva mahātaḷākassa thirapāḷisadise tepiṭake buddhavacane sati mahātaḷāke udakasadisā paṭipattipūrakā kulaputtā natthīti na vattabbaṃ. Tesu sati mahātaḷākesu padumādīni pupphāni viya sotāpannādayo ariyapuggalā natthīti na vattabbaṃ, ekantato pariyattiyeva pamāṇaṃ pariyattiyā antarahitāya paṭipattipaṭivedhānaṃ antaradhānato. Tattha pariyattināma tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ sāṭṭhakathā pāḷiyāva sā tiṭṭhati, tāva pariyatti paripuṇṇā hoti. Gacchante kāle kaliyugarājāno adhammikā honti tesu adhammikesu rājāmaccādayo adhammikā honti tathā raṭṭhajanapadavāsinopi adhammikā etesaṃ adhammikatāya na devo sammā vassati, tato sassāni na sampajjanti. Tesu sampajjantesu paccayadāyakā bhikkhusaṅghassa paccaye dātuṃ na sakkonti. Bhikkhū paccayehi kilamantā antevāsike saṅgahetuṃ na sakkonti. Gacchante gacchante kāle pariyatti parihāyati, atthavasena dhāretuṃ na sakkonti, pāḷivaseneva dhārenti. Tato kāle gacchante pāḷimpi sakalaṃ dhāretuṃ na sakkonti paṭhamaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ parihāyati. Parihāyamānaṃ matthakato paṭṭhāya pariyatti hāyati paṭhamañhi mahāpakaraṇaṃ parihāyati. Tasmiṃ parihāyamāne yamakaṃ, kathāvatthu, puggalapaññatti, dhātukathā, vibhaṅgo, dhammasaṅgahoti evaṃ abhidhammapiṭake parihīne matthakato paṭṭhāya suttantapiṭakaṃ parihāyati.

這是完整的中文直譯: 3. 涅槃品 現在"聽聞正法也"的註釋次第已到。在那裡"聽聞正法在世間也確實難得"。因為所謂正法有三種:教正法、行正法、證正法。其中所謂教正法是三藏佛語。所謂行正法是十三頭陀支和八十種小品等行儀等。所謂證正法是四諦的通達。在這些中教正法是兩種正法的先導和基礎。為什麼?因為以它為根本。因為沒有教法就沒有所謂的證悟。教法消失時行法[消失],行法消失時證得消失。什麼原因?因為這教法是行法的緣。對行法和證得而言教法才是標準。 在那裡證悟和行法或有或無。因為在某個時期證法的比丘很多,"這個比丘是凡夫"要用手指指出。就在這個島上有一次沒有所謂的凡夫比丘。圓滿行法者有時多有時少。如是證悟和行法或有或無。但對教法的住持而言教法才是標準。因為智者聽聞三藏后圓滿兩者,如我們的菩薩在阿羅羅處生起五神通和七等至后問無所有處定的預備[修習]。他說"我不知道"。然後去優陀迦處印證所證的殊勝后問非想非非想處定的預備[修習]。他解說,大士在他話語之後立即成就它。同樣有慧的比丘聽聞教法后圓滿兩者。因此教法住時教法住立。如大池的堤壩堅固時不能說水不會住,有水時不能說蓮花等不會開花。同樣在如大池堅固堤壩般的三藏佛語存在時,不能說沒有如大池之水般圓滿行法的善男子。當他們存在時,不能說沒有如大池中蓮花等般的須陀洹等聖者。教法才是唯一標準,因為教法消失時行證消失。 在那裡所謂教法是帶註釋的三藏佛語。只要經文住立,教法就圓滿。時間過去時,末法時期的國王不如法。當他們不如法時,大臣等不如法。如是國土人民居民也不如法。因為他們不如法,天不適時下雨。因此農作物不成就。當它們不成就時,施主們不能給予比丘僧團資具。比丘們因資具睏乏不能攝受學人。隨著時間過去教法衰退,不能依義持誦,只依文持誦。然後隨時間過去連全部經文也不能持誦。首先阿毗達摩藏衰退。衰退時從頂上開始教法衰退。因為首先大論衰退。當它衰退時,《雙論》、《論事》、《人施設》、《界論》、《分別》、《法聚》,如是阿毗達摩藏衰退後從頂上開始經藏衰退。

Paṭhamañhi aṅguttaranikāyo parihāyati. Tasmimpi paṭhamaṃ ekādasanipāto…pe… tato ekanipātoti evaṃ aṅguttare parihīne matthakato paṭṭhāya saṃyuttanikāyo parihāyati, paṭhamaṃ mahāvaggo parihāyati. Tato paṭṭhāya saḷāyatanavaggo, khandhavaggo, nidānavaggo, sagāthāvaggoti evaṃ saṃyuttanikāye parihīne matthakato paṭṭhāya majjhimanikāyo parihāyati paṭhamañhi uparipaṇṇāsako parihāyati. Tato majjhimapaṇṇāsako, tato mūlapaṇṇāsakoti evaṃ majjhimanikāye parihīne matthakato paṭṭhāya dīghanikāyo parihāyati, paṭhamañhi pāthiyavaggo parihāyati tato mahāvaggo, tato khandhakavaggoti dīghanikāye parihīne suttantapiṭakaṃ parihīnaṃ nāma hoti. Vinayapiṭakena saddhiṃ jātakameva dhārenti. Vinayapiṭakaṃ lajjino dhārenti. Lābhakāmā pana suttante kathitepi sallakkhentā natthīti jātakameva dhārenti. Gacchante kāle jātakampi dhāretuṃ na sakkonti. Atha nesaṃ paṭhamaṃ vessantarajātakaṃ parihāyati. Tato paṭilomakkamena puṇṇakajākatakaṃ, mahānāradakassapajātakaṃ parihāyati. Vinayapiṭakameva dhārenti. Gacchante kāle tampi matthakato parihāyati paṭhamañhi parivāro parihāyati, tato khandhako bhikkhunīvibhaṅgo mahāvibhaṅgoti anukkamena uposathakkhandhakamattameva dhārenti, tadā pariyatti anantarahitāva hoti. Yāva pana manussesu catuppadikagāthāpi pavattati, tāva pariyatti anantarahitāva hoti. Yadā saddho pasanno rājā hatthikkhandhe suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakamhi sahassatthavikaṃ ṭhapāpetvā 『『buddhehi kathitaṃ catuppadikaṃ gāthaṃ jānanto imaṃ sahassaṃ gaṇhatū』』ti nagare bheriṃ carāpetvā gaṇhakaṃ alabhitvā ekavāraṃ carāpite na suṇantāpi honti asuṇantāpi, yāva tatiyaṃ carāpetvā gaṇhakaṃ alabhitvā rājapurisā sahassatthavikaṃ puna rājakulaṃ pavesenti, tadā pariyattiantarahitā nāma hoti. Evaṃ pariyattiyā antarahitāya paṭipattipi paṭivedhopi antarahitova hoti. Saddhammasavanassa dullabhabhāvo dhammasoṇḍakavatthunā dīpetabbo amhākaṃ kira sammāsambuddho kassapasammāsambuddhassa dhammarājassa sāsanantaradhānato nacireneva kālena bārāṇasirañño putto dhammasoṇḍakarājakumāro hutvā pituaccayena rajje patiṭṭhāya kassapadasabalena desitaṃ dhammaṃ sotukāmo hutvā māsamattaṃ rajjaṃ katvā amhākaṃ sammāsambuddho imasmiṃ yeva bhaddakappe rajjaṃ kāretvā devanagarasadise bārāṇasinagare cakkavattirajjasadisaṃ rajjaṃ karonto evaṃ cintesi… 『『mayhaṃ evarūpaṃ rajjaṃ kiṃ vilāsaṃ rajjānubhāvaṃ saddhammaviyogena, divākaravirahito ākāso viya, sasaṅkavirahitaratti viya, dāṭhāvirahitagajo viya, velantavirahitamahāsamuddo viya cakkhuvirahita susajjitavadanaṃ viya, sugandhavirahitapārichattapupphaṃ viya, catuakkharaniyamitadhammadesanāviyogena mayhaṃ idaṃ rajjaṃ na sobhatī』』ti cintetvā suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakena sahassatthavikaṃ bhaṇḍakaṃ susajjitaṃ maṅgalahatthikumbhe ṭhapetvā bārāṇasīnagare mahāvīthiyaṃ bheriṃ carāpeti 『『ekapadikaṃ vā dvipadikaṃ vā tipadikaṃ vā catuppadikaṃ vā dhammapadaṃ jānantassa dammī』』ti evaṃ bheriṃ carāpetvā dhammajānanakaṃ alabhitvā punappunaṃ dvisahassaṃ tisahassaṃ yāva satasahassaṃ koṭi dve sahassakoṭi, satasahassakoṭi gāmanigamajanapadasenāpatiṭṭhānaṃ uparājaṭṭhānaṃ.

這是完整的中文直譯: 首先《增支部》衰退。在其中首先《十一集》[衰退]......乃至......然後《一集》。如是《增支部》衰退後從頂上開始《相應部》衰退,首先《大品》衰退。從那以後《六處品》、《蘊品》、《因緣品》、《有偈品》,如是《相應部》衰退後從頂上開始《中部》衰退,首先《后五十經》衰退。然後《中五十經》,然後《根本五十經》。如是《中部》衰退後從頂上開始《長部》衰退,首先《波梨品》衰退,然後《大品》,然後《犍度品》。當《長部》衰退時稱為經藏衰退。與律藏一起只持誦《本生》。持戒者持誦律藏。但求利者即使講說經典也無人注意,只持誦《本生》。隨時間過去連《本生》也不能持誦。那時他們首先《毗輸安多羅本生》衰退。然後逆序《富那迦本生》、《大那羅陀迦葉本生》衰退。只持誦律藏。隨時間過去它也從頂上衰退,首先《附隨》衰退,然後《犍度》、《比丘尼分別》、《大分別》,次第只持誦布薩犍度,那時教法不是已消失。但只要人間還流傳四句偈,教法就不是已消失。 當有信有凈的國王把一千錢放在象背上的金籃中,在城中敲鼓宣佈"知道佛說的四句偈者取這一千",讓敲三次鼓卻找不到取者,聽者也沒有不聽者也沒有,王臣把一千錢帶回王宮,那時稱為教法已消失。如是教法消失時行法和證法也消失。應以法愛好者的故事說明聽聞正法的難得。據說在迦葉正等正覺法王的教法消失不久時,波羅奈國王的兒子成為法愛好王子,在父親去世后建立王位,想要聽聞迦葉十力所說之法,作王一個月后,我們的正等正覺者在這賢劫中作王時,在如天城般的波羅奈城作如轉輪王般的統治時這樣思考:"我這樣的王位、歡樂、王威力因與正法分離,如無日的天空,如無月的夜晚,如無牙的象,如無岸的大海,如無眼的莊嚴面容,如無香的波利質多羅花,因與四個音節規範的法說分離,我這王位不莊嚴。"思考後把裝飾好的一千錢金籃放在吉祥象背上,在波羅奈城大街敲鼓宣佈:"知道一句、二句、三句或四句法句者我給[錢]。"如是敲鼓后找不到知法者,一再[加到]二千、三千乃至十萬、一億、二千億、十萬億,[給予]村鎮國土將軍職位、副王位。

Pariyosāne dhammadesakaṃ alabhitvā attano suvaṇṇapīṭhakaṃ setacchattaṃ cajitvāpi dhammadesakaṃ alabhitvā rajjasiriṃ pahāya attānaṃ cajitvā 『『dhammadesakassa dāso hutvāpi dhammaṃ sossāmī』』ti vatvā evampi dhamma desakaṃ alabhitvā vippaṭisārī hutvā 『『kiṃ me saddhammaviyogena rajjenāti amaccānaṃ rajjaṃ niyyātetvā saddhammagavesako hutvā dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā mahāvanaṃ pāvisi dhammasoṇḍakamahārājassa saddhammasavanaṃ sandhāya paviṭṭhakkhake sakkadevamahārājassa vejayantapāsādo saheva kiṇṇikāya kampo ahosi, paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ ahosi. Sakkodevarājā kenakāraṇena paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ ahosī』』ti cintetvā attano sahassanettena devamanussesu vitthāretvā olokento dhammagavesako hutvā vanaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ dhammasoṇḍakamahārājānaṃ disvā cintesi… 『『ajja me attānampi jahāya rakkhasavesaṃ māpetvā etaṃ aniccaparidīpanaṃ jātijarābyādhimaraṇaṃ sakalasarīre dosaṃ dassetvā dhammaṃ desetvā etaṃ sakarajjeyeva patiṭṭhāpetabba』』nti cintetvā sakko devarājā yakkhasarūpaṃ māpetvā bodhisattassa abhimukho avidūre attānaṃ dassesi. Taṃ disvā dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā evaṃ cintesi… 『『evaṃrūpo nāma rakkhaso dhammaṃ jāneyyā』』ti, cintetvā avidūre ṭhāne ṭhatvā pucchāmīti rakkhasena saddhiṃ sallapanto āha 『『sāmipuññadevarāja imasmiṃ pana vanaghane vasanakadevarājā kiṃ nukho dhammaṃ jānāsī』』ti, devatā 『『mahārāja dhammaṃ jānāmī』』ti āha. 『『Yadi dhammaṃ jānāsi, mayhaṃ dhammakathaṃ kathethā』』ti āha. 『『Ahaṃ tuyhaṃ dhammaṃ kathessāmi, tvaṃ mayhaṃ kīdisaṃ dhammakathikassa sakkāraṃ karissasī』』ti āha. 『『Evaṃ sante mayhaṃ dhammaṃ kathetvā pacchā mayhaṃ sarīre maṃsaṃ khādissasī』』ti āha. 『『Ahaṃ mahārāja chāto hutvā dhammaṃ kathetuṃ na sakkomī』』ti āha. 『『Yadi tumhe paṭhamaṃ maṃsaṃ khādatha, dhammaṃ ko suṇissatī』』ti āha. Puna so rakkhaso 『『nāhaṃ dhammaṃ desetuṃ sakkomī』』ti. Puna rājā 『『mayhaṃ dhammapaṭilābhañca tumhākaṃ maṃsapaṭilābhañca tumhe jānitvā mayhaṃ dhammaṃ desethā』』ti āha. Atha sakko devarājā 『『sādhu hothā』』ti vatvā avidūre ṭhāne ubbedhena tigāvutamattaṃ mahantaṃ añjanapabbataṃ māpetvā evamāha… 『『sace mahārāja imaṃ pabbatamuddhaniṃ ārūyha ākāsā uppatitvā tvaṃ mama mukhe patissasi, ahaṃ te ākāsagatakāle dhammaṃ desessāmi, evaṃ sante tuyhañca dhammappalābho mayhañca maṃsapaṭilābho bhavissatī』』ti āha. Tassa kathaṃ sutvā dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā 『『anamatagge saṃsāre puriso hutvā adhammasamaṅgī hutvā adhammasseva atthāya pāṇātipāto adinnādāno kāmesumicchācāro sūkariko orabbhiko sākuṇi ko coro paradāriko taṃ gahetvā sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakatopi bahutaraṃ mātāpituādīnampi manāpānaṃ atthāya rodantānaṃ assu catūsumahāsamuddesu udakatopi bahutaraṃ, imaṃ pana sarīraṃ dhammassa atthāya vikkiṇāmi taṃ mahapphalañca manāpañcā』』ti cintetvā 『『sādhu mārisa evaṃ karomī』』ti pabbataṃ ārūyha pabbatagge ṭhito 『『mama rajjena saddhiṃ mayhaṃ sajīvasarīraṃ saddhammassatthāya dassāmī』』ti somanasso hutvā 『『dhammaṃ kathethā』』ti saddhammatthāya jīvitaṃ pariccajitvā ākāsato uppatitvā dhammaṃ kathethāti āha.

這是完整的中文直譯: 最後找不到法師,即使放棄自己的金座和白傘蓋也找不到法師,放棄王位榮耀捨棄自己說:"即使做法師的奴僕我也要聽法。"如是也找不到法師,後悔說:"沒有正法的王位於我何用?"把王位交給大臣們,成為尋求正法者,法愛好大王進入大森林。當法愛好大王為聽聞正法而進入時,帝釋天王的勝利宮連同尖頂震動,黃金石座變熱。帝釋天王思考:"為何黃金石座變熱?"用自己的千眼觀察天人界,看見為尋法而進入森林的法愛好大王,思考:"今天我應捨棄自己的形相變化為夜叉相,向他顯示無常,顯示生老病死遍及全身的過患,說法后應使他重返王位。"思考後帝釋天王化作夜叉形相在菩薩面前不遠處顯現自己。 看見他時法愛好大王這樣思考:"這樣的夜叉會知道法嗎?"思考後站在不遠處說:"我要問問看。"與夜叉交談說:"尊者福天王,住在這密林中的天王,你是否知道法?"天神說:"大王,我知道法。"[王]說:"如果你知道法,請為我說法。"[天神]說:"我將為你說法,你將給予法師什麼供養?"[王]說:"如是你為我說法后可食我身上的肉。"[天神]說:"大王,我飢餓時不能說法。"[王]說:"如果你先吃肉,誰來聽法?"那夜叉又說:"我不能說法。"王又說:"你知道我得法和你得肉后為我說法。" 於是帝釋天王說:"很好"后在不遠處化現一座高三由旬的大青山說:"大王,如果你登上這山頂從空中躍下落入我口中,我會在你在空中時為你說法。如是你得法我得肉。"聽了他的話,法愛好大王[思考]:"在無始輪迴中做人時具足非法,為非法的緣故殺生、不與取、邪淫、[做]屠豬者、屠羊者、捕鳥者、盜賊、侵犯他人妻子者,斬首者的血比四大海的水還多,爲了母親父親等可愛者哭泣的淚水比四大海的水還多。但我為法而舍此身體,這是大果報且可愛。"思考後說:"善哉尊者,我如是做。"登上山後站在山頂說:"我將與王位一起把我的活身體為正法而佈施。"歡喜后說:"請說法",為正法捨棄生命從空中躍下說:"請說法。"

Atha sakko devarājā sakattabhāvena sabbālaṅkārehi paṭimaṇḍito ativiya sotuṃ somanasso ākāsato patantaṃ dibbaphassena parāmasanto urena paṭiggaṇhitvā devalokaṃ netvā paṇḍukambalasilāsane nisīdāpetvā mālāgandhādīhi pūjetvā dhammasoṇḍakamahārājassa dhammaṃ desento imaṃ gāthamāha.

『『Aniccā vata saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;

Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukho』』ti.

Evaṃ sakko dhammasoṇḍakamahārājassa dhammaṃ desetvā devalokasampattiṃ dassetvā devalokato ānetvā sakarajje patiṭṭhāpetvā appamādena ovaditvā devalokameva agamāsi evaṃ saddhammasavanassāpi dullabhabhāvo veditabbo. Evaṃ pariyattiantaradhānena paṭipatti paṭivedhāpi antaradhāyanti. Ettha ca tīṇi parinibbānāni veditabbāni katamāni tīṇi parinibbānāni. Kilesaparinibbānaṃ, khandhaparinibbānaṃ, dhātuparinibbānanti. Tattha kilesaparinibbānaṃ bodhimaṇḍeyeva hoti, bhagavā hi bodhimaṇḍeyeva vīriyapādehi sīlapathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya saddhāhatthena kammakkhayakaraṃ ñāṇapharasuṃ gahetvā sabbo lobhadosamohaviparītamanasikāraahirīkānottappakodhūpanāhamakkhapaḷāsa- issāmacchariyamāyāsāṭheyyathambhasārambhamānāti mānamadapamādataṇhā』vijjātividhākusalamūladuccaritasaṃkilesamalavisamasaññāvitakka papañcacatubbidhavipariyesaāsavaganthaoghayogā』gatiganthu』 pādānapañcacetokhilavinibandhanīvaraṇā』bhinandana chavivādamūlataṇhākāyasattānusaya aṭṭhamicchattanavataṇhāmūlakadasākusalakammapatha dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigata aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritappa bheda sabbadarathapariḷāhakilesasatasahassāni, saṅkhepato vā pañca kilesaabhisaṅkhārakhandhamaccudevaputtamāre asesato hatā vihatā anabhāvaṃkatā tasmā sabbepi kilesā bodhimaṇḍeyeva nibbānaṃ nirodhaṃ gacchantīti kilesanibbānaṃ bodhimaṇḍeyeva hoti ettha ca bodhīti arahattamaggaññāṇaṃ adhippetaṃ tathā hi sabbesampi buddhapaccekabuddhaariyasāvakānaṃ arahattamaggakkhaṇeyeva sabbepi kilesā asesaṃ nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ gacchanti tepi buddhā ugghaṭitaviññūvibhajjitaññūneyyavasena tividhā honti vuttañhetaṃ jātattakīsotattakīnidāne.

『『Ugghaṭitaññunāmako, vibhajjitaññuno duve;

Tatiyo neyyo nāmena, bodhisatto tidhā mato.

Ugghaṭitaññubodhisatto, paññādhikoti nāmaso;

Vibhajjitaññubodhisatto, vutto vīriyādhiko.

Mato neyyo saddhādhiko nāma, bodhisattā ime tayo;

Kappeca satasahasse, caturo ca asaṅkhyeyye.

Pūretvā bodhisambhāre, laddhabyākaraṇo pure;

Ugghaṭitaññubodhisatto, patto sambodhimuttamaṃ.

Aṭṭhame ca asaṅkhyeyye, kappe ca satasahasse;

Pūretvā bodhisambhāre, laddhabyākaraṇo pure.

Vipañcitaññubodhisatto, patto sambodhimuttamaṃ;

Neyyo tu bodhisatto ca, soḷase asaṅkhyeyye.

Kappe ca satasahasse, laddhabyākaraṇo pure;

Pūretvā bodhisambhāre, patto sambodhimuttama』』 nti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 於是帝釋天王以自身莊嚴具足一切裝飾,極其歡喜聽聞,以天觸撫摸從空中墜落者,用胸接住帶到天界,讓他坐在黃金石座上,以華鬘香等供養后,為法愛好大王說法說此偈: "諸行實無常,是生滅之法; 生已還滅去,寂滅乃為樂。" 如是帝釋為法愛好大王說法后,顯示天界勝利,從天界帶回安置於本國王位,以不放逸教誡后回到天界。如是應知聽聞正法也難得。如是因教法消失而行法證法也消失。這裡應知三種般涅槃。什麼是三種般涅槃?煩惱般涅槃、蘊般涅槃、界般涅槃。其中煩惱般涅槃就在菩提座處。因為世尊就在菩提座處,以精進足立於戒地上,以信手拿起能滅業的智慧斧,完全地殺滅、破壞、令不存在一切貪瞋癡、不正作意、無慚無愧、忿恨、覆藏、惱害、嫉妒、慳吝、欺詐、諂曲、傲慢、激進、慢、傲、放逸、愛、無明三種不善根、惡行、污垢、染污、不正想、尋、戲論、四種顛倒、漏、系、暴流、軛、惡趣、結、取、五心荒蔽、繫縛、蓋、歡喜、六諍根、愛身、七隨眠、八邪性、九愛根、十不善業道、六十二見、一百零八愛行等一切熱惱煩惱百千,或簡要說完全地殺滅、破壞、令不存在五種煩惱、行、蘊、死、天子魔。因此一切煩惱就在菩提座處趨向涅槃、滅盡,所以煩惱涅槃就在菩提座處。這裡所說菩提是指阿羅漢道智。因為一切佛、辟支佛、聖聲聞都是在阿羅漢道剎那一切煩惱無餘趨向滅盡涅槃。他們依利根者、詳解者、所化者成為三種,如在《生陀迦經》所說: "利根者為名,詳解者為二, 第三所化名,菩薩三種知。 利根菩薩者,慧勝以為名, 詳解菩薩者,說為精進勝。 知所化信勝,菩薩此三種, 十萬劫之中,四阿僧祇劫。 圓滿菩提資,先得記別已, 利根菩薩者,證得最上覺。 第八阿僧祇,十萬劫之中, 圓滿菩提資,先得記別已。 詳解菩薩者,證得最上覺, 所化菩薩者,十六阿僧祇。 十萬劫之中,先得記別已, 圓滿菩提資,證得最上覺。"

Suttanipātaapadānaṭṭhakathāsu pana 『『buddhānaṃ ānanda heṭṭhimaparicchedena cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, majjhimaparicchedena aṭṭha asaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, uparimaparicchedena soḷasāsaṅkhyyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca. Eteca paññādhikasaddhādhikavīriyādhikavasena veditabbāti vuttaṃ tesu paññādhiko cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, saddhādhiko aṭṭhaasaṅkheyyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, vīriyādhiko soḷasaasaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañcāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha paññādhiko yonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsesu saṃsarantopi paññābahullavasena sampannajjhāsaya sambhavato khippaññeva tassa sambodhi. Saddhādhiko pana mandapaññattā assaddahitabbepi saddahati, tasmā tassa mandaññeva sambodhi. Vīriyādhiko pana ubhayamando assaddahitabbampi saddahati, akattabbampi karoti, rājā passenadīkosalo yathā so hi sabbaññubuddhe dharamāneyeva agamanīyampi paradāraṃ gantuṃ cittaṃ uppādetvā paraṃ jīvitā voropetuṃ āraddho nerayikānaṃ viravantānaṃ du-sa-na-soti saddampi sutvā ativimūḷho sabbaññubuddhaṃ ṭhapetvā micchādiṭṭhibrāhmaṇaṃ pucchitvā tassa vacanena sabbajanānaṃ yaññatthāya dukkhaṃ uppādesi ko panavādo anuppanne buddhe, tathā hi esa kassapabhagavato sāsanantaradhānena andhabhūte loke bārāṇasiyaṃ rājā hutvāpi nigrodharukkhadevatāya yaññatthāya ekasatarājāno mahesīhi saddhiṃ māretuṃ āraddho. Evaṃ vīriyādhiko ubhayamando, tasmā tassa sambodhi atimandoti evaṃ paññādhikasaddhādhikavīriyādhikavasena kālassāpi rassadīghabhāvo veditabboti. Pacchimanayoeva pasaṃsitabboti ayamettha amhākaṃ attanomati. Khandhaparinibbānaṃ pana kusinārāya upavattane mallānaṃ sālavane yamakasālānamantare vesākhapuṇṇamadivase paccūsasamaye ekūnavīsatiyā cuticittesu mettāpubbabhāgassa somanassañāṇasampayuttaasaṅkhārikakusalacittasadisena mahāvipākacittena abyākatena carimakaṃ katvā katthaci bhave paṭisandhiviññāṇassa anantarapaccayo hutvā kammataṇhākilesehi anupādāno sabbupadhipaṭinissaggo upādinnakakkhandhapariccāgo hotīti veditabbaṃ. Vitthāro pana dīghanikāye mahāvagge mahāparinibbānasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ oloketabbo. Tattha videsaṃ gacchanto puriso sabbaṃ ñātijanaṃ āliṅgetvā sīse cumbitvā gacchati viya bhagavāpi nibbānapuraṃ pavisanto sabbepi catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasamāpattiyo anavasesaṃ samāpajjitvā yāva saññāvedayitaṃ, tatopi vuṭṭhāya yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya jhānaṅgāni paccavekkhitvā bhavaṅgacittena abyākatena dukkhasaccena parinibbāyi. Pāḷiyaṃ pana 『『catutthajjhānā vuṭṭhahitvā samanantarā bhagavā parinibbāyī』』ti vuttaṃ tattha dve samanantarā jhānasamanantarā, paccavekkhaṇasamanantarāti. Tattha jhānā vuṭṭhāya bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇassa tattheva parinibbānaṃ jhānasamanantaraṃ nāma. Jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā puna jhānaṅgāni paccavekkhitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇassa tattheva parinibbānaṃ paccavekkhaṇasamanantaraṃ nāma. Bhagavā pana jhānasamanantarā apari nibbāyittā paccavekkhaṇasamanantarameva parinibbāyīti veditabbaṃ, tenevāha 『『bhagavā pana jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā jhānā vuṭṭhāya jhānaṅgāni paccavekkhitvā bhavaṅgacittena abyākatena dukkhasaccena parinibbāyī』』ti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 但在《經集》和《譬喻》註釋中說:"阿難,諸佛以下限為四阿僧祇劫和十萬劫,以中限為八阿僧祇劫和十萬劫,以上限為十六阿僧祇劫和十萬劫。這些應依慧勝、信勝、精進勝而知。"在這些中應知慧勝者四阿僧祇劫和十萬劫,信勝者八阿僧祇劫和十萬劫,精進勝者十六阿僧祇劫和十萬劫。其中慧勝者即使輪迴于胎、趣、識住、有情居,因多慧而生起圓滿意樂,他很快證得菩提。但信勝者因慧少而對不應信者也信,因此他緩慢證得菩提。精進勝者則兩者都少,對不應信者也信,不應做的也做,如波斯匿王。他在正等正覺者住世時就起心去不應去的他人妻子,開始奪取他人生命,聽到地獄眾生喊"苦-剎-那"的聲音也極其愚癡,除了正等正覺者外詢問邪見婆羅門,依他的話為祭祀使一切人民生苦。在佛未出世時更何況?因為他在迦葉世尊教法消失而世間成盲時,做波羅奈國王也為尼拘律樹神的祭祀開始殺害一百個王和王后。如是精進勝者兩者都少,因此他極緩慢證得菩提。如是應依慧勝、信勝、精進勝而知時間的短長。應讚歎后一種說法,這裡是我們自己的意見。 但應知蘊般涅槃是在拘尸那羅城(今印度北方邦)郊外末羅族的沙羅樹林中兩棵沙羅樹之間,在衛塞月滿月日破曉時,以十九心中慈前分喜俱無行善心相似的大異熟心無記作為最後,成為某一有中結生識的無間緣,無取于業愛煩惱,舍離一切依,捨棄所取蘊。詳細則應在《長部》《大品》《大般涅槃經》註釋中看。在那裡如人去異國時擁抱親吻一切親族而去,世尊也如是進入涅槃城時,完全進入二十四億百千等至直到想受滅,從那裡出定后直到進入非想非非想處定出定,觀察禪支后以有分心無記苦諦般涅槃。但經中說:"從第四禪出定後世尊立即般涅槃。"在那裡有兩種立即:禪立即和觀察立即。其中從禪出定進入有分即在那裡般涅槃稱為禪立即。從禪出定后又觀察禪支進入有分即在那裡般涅槃稱為觀察立即。但應知世尊不是禪立即般涅槃而是觀察立即般涅槃,因此說:"但世尊進入禪定后從禪出定觀察禪支后以有分心無記苦諦般涅槃。"

Ettha bhagavato parinibbānacittassa kiṃ ārammaṇaṃ kammaṃ vā hoti, udāhu kammanimittagatinimittāni, atha nibbānanti apare evaṃ vadanti.

Nāhu assāsapassāsā, ṭhitacittassa tādino;

Anejo santi』mārabbha, yaṃkāla』makarī muni.

Asallīnena cittena, vedanaṃ ajjhavāsayi;

Pajjotasse』va nibbānaṃ, vimokkho cetaso ahū』ti.

Imissāgāthāya 『『yaṃ yo muni anejo santi nibbānaṃ ārabbha kālaṃ akarī』』ti yojetvā bhagavato parinibbānacittassa nibbānārammaṇanti tamayuttaṃ, paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutīnaṃ nibbānārammaṇassa anārahattā 『『nibbānaṃ gotrabhussa vodānassa maggassa ārammaṇapaccayenapaccayo, nibbānaṃ phalassa āvajjanāyā』』ti paṭṭhānapāḷiyā javanaāvajjanānameva adhippetattā tasmā ettha 『『yaṃ yo muni phalasamāpattiyā anejo anejasaṅkhāto taṇhārahito santiṃ nibbānaṃ ārabbha ārammaṇaṃ katvā kālaṃ asītivassaparimāṇaṃ akari atikkamī』』ti yojanā kātabbā. Keci pana evaṃ vadanti… 『『katthaci pana anuppajjamānassa khīṇāsavassa yathopaṭṭhitaṃ nāmarūpadhammādikameva cutipariyosānānaṃ gocarabhāvaṃ gacchati, na kamma-kammanimittādayo』』ti vuttattā kammanittagatinimittāni arahato cuticittassa ārammaṇabhāvaṃ na gacchantīti tampi ayuttameva ayañhetthattho katthaci pana bhave anuppajjamānassa khīṇāsavassa arahato yathā yathā yena yena pakārena upaṭṭhitaṃ nāmarūpadhammādikameva cutipariyosānaṃ āvajjanajavanacittānaṃ gocarabhāvaṃ gacchati, puna bhavābhinibbattiyā abhāvato. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ bhūtāni kammakammanimittagatinimittāni gocarabhāvaṃ na gacchantīti. Cuticittassa pana paṭisandhicittena gahitaṃ atītārammaṇameva gocarabhāvaṃ gacchati. 『『Nāmarūpādikamevā ti ettha nāma』』nti cittacetasikanibbānaṃ rūpanti aṭṭhārasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Nāmañca rūpañca nāmarūpā. Nāmarūpā ca te dhammā ceti tathā. Te ādi yesaṃ teti nāmarūpadhammādi tameva nāmarūpadhammādikaṃ. Ādisaddena cha paññattiyo saṅgaṇhāti, tena nibbānampi arahato maraṇāsannakāle kriyajavanassapi ārammaṇabhāvo bhaveyyāti amhākaṃ khanti vīmaṃsitvā pana gahetabbaṃ. Bhagavato nibbānacittassa pana tusitapurato cavitvā sirīmahāmāyāya kucchimhi vasitapaṭisandhicittena gahitārammaṇameva ārammaṇaṃ hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ tañca kho gatinimittameva, na kammakammanimittāni. Yuttitopi āgamatopi gatinimittameva yujjati tathā hi tusitapureyeva setaketudevaputto hutvā dibbagaṇanāya cattāri sahassāni, manussagaṇanāya sattapaññāsavassakoṭi,saṭṭhivassasatasahassāni ṭhatvā pariyosāne pañca pubbanimittāni disvā suddhāvāse arahantabrahmunā dasahi cakkavāḷasahassehi āgamma devatāvisesehi ca.

『『Kālo deva mahāvīra, uppajja mātukucchayaṃ;

Sadevakaṃ tārayanto, bujjhassu amataṃ pada』』nti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 這裡世尊般涅槃心以什麼為所緣?是業,還是業相、趣相,抑或涅槃?其他人這樣說: "如是住心者,無有出入息, 無動依寂靜,牟尼作其時。 以不退縮心,忍受諸感受, 如燈般涅槃,心解脫生起。" 在這偈頌中把"牟尼無動依止寂靜涅槃作其時"連線起來[說]世尊般涅槃心以涅槃為所緣是不適當的,因為結生、有分、死[心]不適合以涅槃為所緣,因為在《發趣論》經文中"涅槃以所緣緣為緣于種姓、清凈、道,涅槃[為緣]于果、轉向"只是說速行和轉向[以涅槃為所緣],因此這裡應這樣連線:"牟尼以果定無動即稱無動離愛,以寂靜涅槃為所緣作[度過]八十歲時間。"但有些人這樣說:"因為說'對不在任何處生起的漏盡者,如所現起的名色法等成為直至死亡的行境,不是業、業相等'所以業相、趣相不成為阿羅漢死心的所緣。"這也不適當,因為這裡的意思是對不在任何有中生起的漏盡阿羅漢,如何如何以何種方式現起的名色法等成為直至死亡轉向速行心的行境,因為沒有再生起有。什麼原因?已生的業、業相、趣相不成為行境。但死心以結生心所取的過去所緣成為行境。這裡"只是名色等"中的"名"包括心、心所、涅槃,"色"是十八種色。名與色為名色。名色與那些法亦如是。以它們為首的為名色法等,即名色法等。以"等"字包括六種施設,因此涅槃也可能成為阿羅漢臨終時唯作速行的所緣,這是我們的見解應考察後接受。 但應見世尊的涅槃心以從兜率天降下住在凈飯大王妃胎中的結生心所取的所緣為所緣,那確實是趣相,不是業或業相。從理和教都是趣相適合。因為在兜率天中作白幢天子住了天算四千年、人算五十七億六千萬年后,最後見五前相,凈居阿羅漢梵天從十千世界來臨,殊勝諸天[說]: "大雄天尊時已至,請生入母胎中來, 度脫天人世間眾,證悟甘露之道果。"

Yāciyamāno 『『kālaṃ dīpañca desañca, kulaṃ mātarameva cā』』ti vuttāni pañca mahāvilokanāni viloketvā tusitapurato cavitvā āsāḷhīpuṇṇamāyaṃ uttarāsāḷhanakkhatteneva saddhiṃ ekūnavīsatiyā paṭisandhicittesu mettāpubbabhāgamassa somanassañāṇasampayuttaasaṅkhārikakusalacittassa sadisena mahāvipākacittena paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi. Tadārammaṇāsannavīthito pubbabhāge ālokitāni kāladīpadesakulamātaravasena imāni pañca paṭisandhicittassa gatinimittārammaṇabhāvena gocarabhāvaṃ gacchantīti amhākaṃ khanti tanninnatappoṇatappabbhāravasena bāhullappavattito teneva abhidhammatthasaṅgahādīsu abhidhammattha vibhāvaniyaṃ 『『maraṇakāle yathārahaṃ abhimukhībhūtaṃ bhavantare paṭisandhijanakaṃ kammaṃ vā taṃ kammakaraṇakāle rūpādikamupaladdhapubbamupakaraṇabhūtañca kammanimittaṃ vā anantaramuppajjamānabhave upalabhitabbaṃ upabhogabhūtaṃ gatinimittaṃ vā kammabalena channaṃ dvārānamaññatarasmiṃ paccupaṭṭhāsi, tato paraṃ tameva tathopaṭṭhitamālambaṇaṃ ārabbha vipaccamānakakammānurūpaṃ parisuddhaṃ vā, upakkiliṭṭhaṃ vā upapajjitabbabhavānurūpaṃ tatthoṇataṃva cittasantānamabhiṇhaṃ pavattati bāhullena. Tameva vā pana janakabhūtaṃ kammaṃ abhinavakaraṇavasena dvārappattaṃ hoti. Paccāsannamaraṇassa pana tassa vīthicittāvasāne bhavaṅgakkhayevā cavanavasena paccuppannabhavapariyosānabhūtaṃ cuticittaṃ uppajjitvā nirujjhati. Tasmiṃ niruddhāvasāne tassānantarameva tathā gahitamālambaṇamārabbha savatthukamavatthukameva vā yathārahaṃ avijjānusayaparikkhittena taṇhānusayamūlakena saṅkhārena janiyamānaṃ sampayuttehi pariggayhamānaṃ sahajātānamadhiṭṭhānabhāvena pubbaṅgamabhūtaṃ bhavantarapaṭisandhānavasena paṭisandhisaṅkhātaṃ mānasamuppajjamānameva patiṭṭhāti bhavantare』』ti vuttaṃ. Tattha 『『tatthoṇataṃva cittasantānamabhiṇhaṃ pavattati bāhullenā』』ti iminā kammabalena upaṭṭhitaṃ gatinimittaṃ maraṇāsannavīthito pubbe ekāhadvīhādivasena sattāhampi, sattāhato uttaripi uppajjate vāti dasseti tathā hi parisuddhaṃ vā upakkiliṭṭhaṃ vā vipaccamānakakammānurūpaṃ gatinimittaṃ cirakālampi tiṭṭhati, ariyagālatissacoraghātakādayo viya tathā hi ariyagālatisso nāma upāsako sīhaḷadīpe attano bhariyāya sumanāya saddhiṃ yāvajīvaṃ dānādi puññakammāni katvā āyūhapariyosāne ariyagālatissassa maraṇamañce nipannassa chadevalokato rathaṃ ānetvā attano attano devalokaṃ vaṇṇesuṃ. Upāsako devatānaṃ kathaṃ sutvā tusitapurato āhaṭarathaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesarathe 『『gahetvā gacchathā』』ti āha. Sumanā pana attano sāmikassa vacanaṃ sutvā 『『kiṃ tissa maraṇāsanne vilāpaṃ akāsī』』ti āha. Tisso attano bhariyāya kathaṃ sutvā āha… 『『ahaṃ vilāpaṃ na karomi, devalokato devatā cha rathe ānesuṃ tāhi devatāhi saddhaṃ kathemī』』ti. Taṃ napassāmi kuhi』』nti vutte pupphadāmaṃ āharāpetvā ākāse khipāpesi. Sā taṃ pupphadāmaṃ rathasīse olambamānaṃ disvā gabbhaṃ pavisitvā sayane sayitvā nāsikavātaṃ sannirujjhitvā cavitvā pāturahosi. Sā attano sāmikassa sāsanaṃ pesesi… 『『ahaṃ pana paṭhamaṃ āgatomhi, tvaṃ kasmā cirāyasī』』ti. Ubhopi rathe ṭhatvā sabbe olokentānaṃyeva tusitapuraṃ agamaṃsu.

這是完整的中文直譯: 被請求時觀察"時、洲、處、族、母親"所說的五大觀察后,從兜率天降下,在阿沙荼月滿月與北阿沙荼星宿同時,以十九結生心中慈前分喜俱無行善心相似的大異熟心取結生。那時在接近所緣之路之前觀察的時、洲、處、族、母親這五個作為結生心趣相所緣成為行境,這是我們的見解,依傾向、趨向、傾注的多分轉起。因此在《攝阿毗達摩義》等中《阿毗達摩義顯明》說:"在死時如其所應現前的是在另一有中能生結生的業,或在造業時所經驗的作為工具的色等業相,或在即將生起的有中將經驗的作為受用的趣相,依業力在六門之一現起。此後即以如是現起的所緣為緣,隨順成熟之業,或清凈或染污,隨順將生之有傾向於彼處的心相續多分數數轉起。或者那生起的業以新造的方式到達諸門。對臨近死者在路心終了時或有分盡時以死的方式生起現有終了的死心后滅去。在它滅盡時緊接著以如是所取的所緣為緣,或有依處或無依處如其所應為無明隨眠所圍繞以愛隨眠為根的行所生,為相應[法]所攝受,作為俱生[法]的所依為前導,以連結後有的方式稱為結生的意[識]生起而住立於後有。" 在那裡以"傾向於彼處的心相續多分數數轉起"這句顯示依業力現起的趣相在臨終之路之前一日二日乃至七日,或超過七日也生起。如是清凈或染污隨順成熟之業的趣相也長時住立,如阿利伽拉帝須、殺賊等。因為名阿利伽拉帝須的優婆塞在獅子洲(今斯里蘭卡)與自己的妻子蘇摩那終生行佈施等福業,在壽命終了時阿利伽拉帝須臥在臨終床上,從六慾天帶來車乘各自讚嘆自己的天界。優婆塞聽了天神的話除了從兜率天帶來的車乘外對其餘車乘說:"拿去吧。"但蘇摩那聽了自己丈夫的話說:"帝須為何在臨終時胡言?"帝須聽了自己妻子的話說:"我沒有胡言,從天界天神帶來六輛車,我與那些天神說話。"當說"我看不見在哪裡"時,讓拿來花鬘拋向空中。她看見那花鬘掛在車頭上,進入內室躺在床上呼吸止息死去出現[在天界]。她給自己丈夫傳話:"我先來了,你為何遲延?"兩人站在車上在眾人觀看時去了兜率天。

Imasmiñhi vatthusmiṃ sāmikassa upaṭṭhitagatinimittaṃ bhariyāya pākaṭaṃ hutvā puretaratusitapure nibbattitvā sāmikassa sāsanaṃ pesesi tena ariyagālatissassa cirakālaṃ gatinimittaṃ upaṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ. Manussaloke hi cirakālaṃ tusitapure muhuttaṃva hoti. Evaṃ parisuddhaṃ vipaccamānakakammānurūpaṃ gatinimittaṃ cirakālaṃ pavattati iminā nayena duṭṭhagāmaṇiabhayadhammikaupsakādīnampi vatthu vitthāretabbaṃ. Coraghātakassa pana mahāniraye vipaccamānakakammānurūpaṃ nerayaggijālādikaṃ sattāhaṃ upaṭṭhāti. Sāvatthinagare kira pañcasatā corā bahinagare corakammaṃ karonti. Athekadivasaṃ janapadapuriso tesaṃ abbhantaro hutvā corakammaṃ akāsi, tadā te sabbepi rājapurisā aggahesuṃ. Rājā te disvā 『『tumhākaṃ antare ime sabbe māretuṃ samatthassa jīvitaṃ dammī』』ti āha. Pañcasatā corā aññamaññaṃ sambandhā aññamaññaṃ sahāyakāti aññamaññaṃ māretuṃ na icchiṃsu, janapadamanusso pana 『『ahaṃ māremī』』ti vatvā sabbe māresi. Rājā tassa tussitvā coraghātakakammaṃ adāsi. So pañcavīsativassāni coraghātakakammaṃ ākāsi. Rājā tassa mahallakoti vatvā aññassa coraghātaka kammaṃ dāpesi. So coraghātakakammā apanīto aññatarassa santike nāsikavātaṃ uggaṇhitvā hatthapādakaṇṇanāsādīhi chinditabbānaṃ ūrūthanakaṭṭhānaṃ bhindantamāretabbayuttānaṃ nāsikavātaṃ vissajjetvā māretabbaṃ mantaṃ labhi. So rājānaṃ ārocetvā nāsikavātena coraghātakakammaṃ karontasseva tiṃsa vassāni atikkami. So pacchā mahallako hutvā maraṇamañce nipajji 『『sattadivasena kālaṃ karissatī』』ti. Maraṇakāle mahantaṃ vedanaṃ ahosi. So mahāniraye nibbatto viya mahāsaddaṃ katvā dukkhito hoti. Tassa saddena bhītā manussā ubhatopasse gehaṃ chaḍḍetvā palāyiṃsu. Tassa maraṇadivase sāriputtatthero dibbacakkhunā lokaṃ olokento etassa kālaṃ katvā mahāniraye nibbattamānaṃ disvā tassa anukampaṃ paṭicca gehadvāre pākaṭo ahosi. So kujjhitvā nāsikavātaṃ vissajjesi. Yāva tatiyaṃ vissajjamānopi vissajjāpetuṃ asakkonto theraṃ atirekena virocamānaṃ disvā cittaṃ pasādetvā pāyāsaṃ therassa dāpesi. Thero maṅgalaṃ vaḍḍhetvā agamāsi. Coraghātako therassa dinnadānaṃ anussaritvā cavitvā sagge nibbatti, nirayajālādayo antaradhāyanti. So anāgatepi paccekabuddho bhavissati. Evaṃ upakkiliṭṭhaṃ vā vipaccamāna kakammānurūpaṃ gatinimittampi sattāhaparamaṃ upaṭṭhāti. Atthikehi pana sahassavatthu sagāthāvaggesu oloketabbo. Bhagavato pana parisuddhaṃ mettāpubbabhāgassa somanassa ñāṇasampayuttakusalassa kammassa vegena kāladīpadesakulamātaravasena imāni pañcagatinimittāni cirakālaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Cirakālanti manussaloke sattāhamattaṃ, tusitapuremuhuttameva, tathāpi manussaloke sattāhamatte kāle devatānaṃ pañcapubbanimittāni paññāyanti tañca kho puññavantānaṃyeva paññāyanti, na sabbesaṃ manussaloke puññavantānaṃ rājarājamahāmattādīnaṃ viya taṃ disvā mahesakkhā devatā jānanti, na appesakkhā, manussaloke nemittakā brāhmaṇapaṇḍitādayoviya. Mahesakkhā devatā taṃ pubbanimittaṃ disvā nandavanaṃ netvā 『『kālo devā』』ti ādīhi yācanti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 在這個故事中丈夫的趣相現起對妻子顯現,她先生在兜率天后給丈夫傳信,由此應知阿利伽拉帝須的趣相長時現起。因為在人世間長時在兜率天只是片刻。如是清凈隨順成熟之業的趣相長時轉起,依此方式也應詳述杜達伽馬尼阿巴雅、法行優婆塞等的故事。 但殺賊者隨順在大地獄成熟之業的地獄火焰等趣相現起七日。據說在舍衛城(今印度北方邦)有五百盜賊在城外行盜。一天一個鄉下人加入他們行盜,那時王臣抓住了他們所有人。國王見他們說:"在你們中能殺這些人的我給生命。"五百盜賊因互相有親屬關係互為朋友而不願互相殺害,但鄉下人說:"我來殺"后殺了所有人。國王歡喜給他殺賊的工作。他做殺賊工作二十五年。國王說他老了后把殺賊工作給了另一人。他從殺賊工作退下後從某人那裡學習呼吸[法],對應砍斷手腳耳鼻等,應打碎大腿胸部處,應殺者放氣后殺的咒語。他告訴國王后以呼吸法做殺賊工作又過了三十年。他後來年老躺在臨終床上,"七日後將死"。臨終時有大痛苦。他好像生在大地獄般大聲叫喊痛苦。人們因他的聲音恐懼兩旁的房子都捨棄逃走。在他死亡那天舍利弗長老以天眼觀察世間,看見他死後將生在大地獄,因憐憫他在房門前顯現。他生氣放出呼吸。直到第三次放出也不能放出,看見長老極其光明后凈信心生,讓人佈施乳粥給長老。長老祝福后離去。殺賊者憶念佈施給長老[的功德]后死生在天界,地獄火焰等消失。他在未來也將成為辟支佛。如是染污隨順成熟之業的趣相也最多現起七日。有興趣者應在《有偈品》的千則故事中看。 但世尊以清凈慈前分喜俱智相應善業的力量,依時、洲、處、族、母親這五種趣相長時現起。長時在人世間約七日,在兜率天只是片刻,雖然如此在人世間七日時天神的五前相顯現,而且只對有福德者顯現,不是對一切人,如在人世間對有福德的王臣大臣等,見到它大威力天神知道,小威力的不知道,如人世間的占相婆羅門學者等。大威力天神見那前相后帶到歡喜園請求說:"天尊時[已至]"等。

Mahāsakko tattheva nandavanuyyāne kāladīpadesakulamātaravasena pañca viloketvā cavitvā tamārammaṇaṃ katvā mahāmāyāya kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ aggahesīti sanniṭṭhānamavagantabbaṃ.

Tattha kālanti manussaloke ekūnatiṃsatime vasse vesākhapuṇṇamadivase buddho bhavissāmīti kālaṃ olokesi. Dīpanti jambudīpeyeva bhavissāmi, na aññadīpesūti dīpaṃ olokesi. Desanti majjhimadeseyeva, tañca kho mahābodhimaṇḍeyeva, na aññadeseti desaṃ olokesi. Kulanti dve kulāni khattiyakulabrāhmaṇakulavasena. Tattha yasmiṃ kāle khattiyakulaṃ loke seṭṭhabhāvena 『『ayameva loke aggo』』ti sammannati, tadā khattiyakuleyeva buddhā uppajjanti. Yasmiṃ pana kāle brāhmaṇakulaṃ ayameva loke aggoti, tadā brāhmaṇakuleyeva buddhā uppajjanti. Idāni pana khattiyakulameva aggoti sammannanti. Khattiyakulepi sakyarājānova loke uttamā, asambhinnakhattiyakulattā tasmā sakyarājakuleyeva bhavissāmīti kulaṃ olokesi. Mātaranti mama mātaraṃ dasa māsāni satta ca divasāni ṭhassati, etthantare mama mātuyā arogo bhavissatīti mātarampi olokesi. Bodhisattamātā pana pacchimavaye ṭhitā. Evaṃ yuttitopi āgamatopi bhagavato nibbānacittassa paṭasandhicittena gahitanimittameva ārammaṇaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.

Sabbaññujinanibbāna, cittassa gocaraṃ subhaṃ;

Viññeyyaṃ gatinimittaṃ, ganthehi avirodhato.

Dhātuparinibbānampi bodhimaṇḍeyeva bhavissati vuttañhetaṃ uparipaṇṇāsake 『『dhātuparinibbānaṃ anāgate bhavissati sāsanassa hi osakkanakāle imasmiṃ tambapaṇṇidīpe dhātuyo sannipatitvā mahācetiyato nāgadīpe rājāyatanacetiyaṃ, tato mahābodhipallaṅkaṃ gamissanti. Nāgabhavanatopi devalokatopi dhātuyo mahābodhipallaṅkameva gamissanti sāsapamattāpi dhātuyo antarā na nassissanti, sabbā dhātuyo mahābodhipallaṅke rāsibhūtā suvaṇṇakkhandhā viya ekagghanā hutvā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo vissajjissanti, tā dasasahassalokadhātuṃ pharissanti. Tato dasasahassacakkavāḷesu devatā sannipatitvā ''ajja satthā parinibbāyati ajja sāsanaṃ osakkati pacchimadassanaṃ idaṃ amhāka』』nti dasabalassa parinibbutadivasato mahantataraṃ kāruññaṃ karissanti ṭhapetvā anāgāmikhīṇāsave avasesā sakattabhāvena sandhāretuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu, dhātusarīrato tejodhātu uṭṭhahitvā yāva brahmalokā uggacchissati. Sāsapamattāyapi dhātuyā sati ekajālā bhavissati dhātūsu pariyādānaṃ gatāsu pacchijjissati. Evaṃ mahantaṃ ānubhāvaṃ dassetvā dhātūsu antarahitāsu sāsanaṃ antarahitaṃ nāma hoti. Yāva evaṃ na antaradhāyati, tāva anantaradhānameva sāsanaṃ. Parinibbānakālato paṭṭhāya yāva sāsapamattā dhātu tiṭṭhati, tāva buddhakālato pacchāti na veditabbaṃ dhātūsu hi ṭhitāsu buddhā ṭhitā va honti, tasmā etthantare aññassa buddhassa uppatti nivāritāva hoti. Teneva vadāma.

Parinibbānakālato, pacchā dharanti dhātuyo;

Anibbutova sambuddho, aññabuddhassa vāritā.

Jīvamānepi sambuddhe, nibbute vā tathāgate;

Yo karoti samaṃ pūjaṃ, phalaṃ tāsa samaṃ siyā』ti.

Iti sāgarabuddhittheravicarite sīmavisodhane dhammavaṇṇanāya

Nibbānakaṇḍo tatiyo paricchedo.

這是完整的中文直譯: 應知結論:大帝釋就在那歡喜園觀察時、洲、處、族、母親五種后降下,以那為所緣在大摩耶胎中取結生。 其中"時"是觀察在人世間二十九歲衛塞月滿月日我將成佛的時間。"洲"是觀察我將在閻浮提(印度次大陸)而不在其他洲。"處"是觀察在中國(印度中部)而且是在大菩提座處,不在其他處。"族"是依剎帝利族和婆羅門族兩族。其中當剎帝利族被世間認為最勝"此為世間最上"時,諸佛生於剎帝利族。但當婆羅門族[被認為]"此為世間最上"時,諸佛生於婆羅門族。現在剎帝利族被認為最上。在剎帝利族中釋迦王族因純凈剎帝利族而為世間最上,因此觀察我將生於釋迦王族。"母親"則觀察我的母親將活十月零七日,在此期間我的母親將無病。但菩薩之母在後期壽命。如是應知從理和教世尊的涅槃心以結生心所取的相為所緣。 一切知勝者涅槃,心之行境善, 應知是趣相,不違諸論集。 界般涅槃也將在菩提座處。因為這在上分五十經中說:"界般涅槃將在未來。因為在教法衰退時,在這銅色洲(今斯里蘭卡)諸舍利聚集后從大塔去龍洲王園塔,從那裡去大菩提座。從龍界和天界的舍利也將去大菩提座。即使芥子般大的舍利也不會中途消失,一切舍利在大菩提座堆集如金塊般成為一體后將放出六色光明,它們將遍滿十千世界。然後十千世界的天神聚集說:'今日導師般涅槃,今日教法衰退,這是我們最後見[舍利]',將比十力般涅槃之日生更大悲,除了不還和漏盡者其餘不能以自身忍受。從舍利身火界升起將直達梵界。只要有芥子般大的舍利就將成為一團火焰,當舍利盡滅時將斷絕。如是顯示大威力后,當舍利消失時稱為教法消失。只要如是不消失,就是教法不消失。從般涅槃時起直到芥子般大的舍利住立,不應視為在佛時之後,因為當舍利住立時諸佛也是住立,因此在此期間其他佛的生起是被遮止的。因此我們說: 般涅槃時後,諸舍利住持, 正覺未滅度,他佛被遮止。 正覺在世時,如來涅槃后, 若作同等供,其果應相等。" 如是在海慧長老所造清凈結界法注中 涅槃品第三品完。

  1. Samasīsikaṇḍo

Idāni saṅgho ca dullabho loketi padassa vaṇṇanākkamo sampatto. Tattha saṅghoti paramatthasammutivasena duvidho hoti. Tesu paramatthasaṅgho cattāri purisayugāni, aṭṭhapurisapuggalā, cattālīsampi puggalā, aṭṭhasatampi purisapuggalāti catubbidho hoti. Tattha saṅkhepavasena sotāpattimaggaṭṭho phalaṭṭhoti ekaṃ yugaṃ, sakadāmimaggaṭṭho phalaṭṭhoti ekaṃ, anāgāmimaggaṭṭho phalaṭṭhoti ekaṃ, arahattamaggaṭṭho phalaṭṭhoti ekanti cattāri purisayugāni honti. Cattāro maggaṭṭhā cattāro phalaṭṭhāti aṭṭhapurisapuggalā honti. Cattālīsampi puggalāti sotāpattimaggaṭṭho paṭhamajhānikādivasena pañca, tathā sakadāgāmianāgāmiarahattamaggaṭṭhāpi pañca pañcāti vīsati maggaṭṭhapuggalā, tathā phalaṭṭhāpi sotapattiphalaṭṭhādivasena pañca pañcāti vīsati phalaṭṭhāti cattālīsapuggalā honti. Ettha ca maggassa ekacittakkhaṇikattā kathaṃ vīsatimaggaṭṭhā puggalā bhaveyyunti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 4. 等終品 現在來到"僧伽也在世間難得"這句的註釋次序。其中"僧伽"依勝義和世俗有兩種。在這些中勝義僧伽有四雙士夫、八輩士夫、四十種人、一百零八輩士夫等四種。其中簡要來說,預流道住和果住為一雙,一來道住和果住為一雙,不還道住和果住為一雙,阿羅漢道住和果住為一雙,如是成為四雙士夫。四道住和四果住成為八輩士夫。四十種人是:預流道住依初禪等為五種,同樣一來、不還、阿羅漢道住也各五種,如是二十道住補特伽羅;同樣果住也依預流果住等各五種,如是二十果住,成為四十補特伽羅。在這裡因為道是一心剎那,如何能有二十道住補特伽羅呢?

Vuccatepādakajjhānasammasitajjhānapuggalajjhāsayesupi hi aññataravasena taṃ taṃ jhānasadisavitakkādiaṅgapātubhāvena cattāropi maggaṭṭhā paṭhamajjhānikādivohāraṃ labhantā paccekaṃ pañcapañcadhā vibhajiyanti, tasmā vīsati maggaṭṭhā honti. Tattha paṭhamajjhānādīsu yaṃ yaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā tato vuṭṭhāya saṅkhāre sammasantassa vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanā pavattā, taṃ pādakajjhānaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāya padaṭṭhānabhāvato. Yaṃ yaṃ jhānaṃ sammasantassa sā pavattā, taṃ sammasitajjhānaṃ. 『『Aho vata me paṭhamajjhānasadiso maggo pañcaṅgiko, dutiyajjhānādīsu vā aññatarasadiso caturaṅgikādibhedo maggo bhaveyyā』』ti evaṃ yogāvacarassa uppannajjhāsayo puggalajjhāsayo nāma. Tattha yena paṭhamajjhānādīsu aññataraṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā tato vuṭṭhāya pakiṇṇakasaṅkhāre sammasitvā maggo uppādito hoti, tassa so maggo paṭhamajjhānādi taṃ taṃ pādakajjhānasadiso hoti. Sace pana vipassanāpādakaṃ kiñcijhānaṃ natthi, kevalaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu aññataraṃ jhānaṃ sammasitvā maggo uppādito hoti, tassa so sammasitajjhānasadiso hoti. Yadā panayaṃ kiñci jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā tato aññaṃ sammasitvā maggo uppādito hoti, tadā puggalajjhāsayavasena dvīsu aññatarasadiso hoti. Evaṃ samathayānikassa puthujjanassa ariyānaṃ vā pādakajjhānasammasitajjhānapuggalajjhāsayavasena paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ aññatarajhānasadisassa maggaṅgikassa pavattanato puggalabhedavasena vīsati maggaṭṭhā puggalā honti, tathā phalaṭṭhāpi vīsatīti cattālīsaariyapuggalā honti. Aparampi sace pana puggalassa tathā vidho ajjhāsayo natthi, anulomavasena heṭṭhimaheṭṭhimajhānato vuṭṭhāya uparūparijhānadhamme sammasitvā uppāditamaggo pādakajjhānamanapekkhitvā sammasitajjhānasadiso hoti. Paṭilomavasena uparūparijhānato vuṭṭhāya heṭṭhimaheṭṭhimajhānadhamme sammasitvā uppāditamaggo sammasitajjhānamanapekkhitvā pādakajjhānasadiso hoti, heṭṭhimaheṭṭhimajhānato hi uparūparijhānaṃ balavataranti, aṭṭhasatampi purisapuggalāti tattha ekabījī, kolaṃkolo, sattakkhattuparamoti tayo sotāpannā. Kāmarūpārūpabhavesu adhigataphalā tayo sakadāgāminoti te sabbepi dukkhapaṭipadā dandhābhiññaṃ, dukkhapaṭipadā khippābhiññaṃ, sukhāpaṭipadā dandhābhiññaṃ, sukhāpaṭipadā khippābhiññanti catunnaṃ paṭipadānaṃ vasena catuvīsati, antarāparinibbāyī, upahaccapari nibbāyī, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī, uddhaṃsoto akaniṭṭhagāmīti avihāsu pañca anāmigāno, tathā atappāsudassāsudassīsupi pañca. Akaniṭṭhesu pana uddhaṃsotavajjā antarāparinibbāyī, upahaccaparinibbāyī, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī, asaṅkhāraparibbāyīti cattāroti catuvīsati anāgāmino. Sukkhavipassako, samathayānikoti dve arahanto, cattāro maggaṭṭhāti catupaññāsa te sabbepi saddhādhurapaññādhurānaṃvasena dveguṇe hutvā aṭṭhasataṃ ariyapuggalā honti. Te sabbepi 『『aṭṭhasataṃ vā』』ti vitthāravasena uddiṭṭhā ariyapuggalā te saṅkhepato yugavasena sotāpatti maggaṭṭho phalaṭṭhoti ekaṃ yugantyādinā cattārova honti.

這是完整的中文直譯: 因為依據基礎禪、所觀禪、人意樂中的任何一種,由於與各種禪相似的尋等支分顯現,四種道住各得初禪等名稱而各分為五種,因此成為二十道住。其中從初禪等任何禪出定后觀察諸行而生出離觀,那是基礎禪,因為它是出離觀的足處。觀察任何禪而[出離觀]生起,那是所觀禪。"啊!愿我有如初禪的五支道,或如第二禪等的四支等道"如是瑜伽行者生起的意樂稱為人意樂。其中若人入初禪等任何禪后出定觀察雜相行而生起道,對他那道與初禪等各基礎禪相似。但若無任何觀的基礎禪,只是觀察初禪等任何禪而生起道,對他那[道]與所觀禪相似。但當入某禪后觀察其他[禪]而生起道時,則依人意樂與兩者之一相似。如是因為對止行的凡夫或聖者依基礎禪、所觀禪、人意樂而行與初禪等任何禪相似的道支,依人的差別成為二十道住補特伽羅,同樣果住也二十,如是成為四十聖補特伽羅。 又若補特伽羅無如是意樂,依順序從下下禪出定觀察上上禪法而生起的道不顧基礎禪而與所觀禪相似。依逆序從上上禪出定觀察下下禪法而生起的道不顧所觀禪而與基礎禪相似,因為從下下禪[觀]上上禪較強。一百零八輩士夫者:其中一種子、家家、七返有三種預流。在欲、色、無色有中證得果的三種一來,這些一切依苦遲通、苦速通、樂遲通、樂速通四種行道成為二十四。中般涅槃、臨終般涅槃、有行般涅槃、無行般涅槃、上流至色究竟在無煩天的五種不還,同樣在無熱、善現、善見也五種。但在色究竟天除上流的中般涅槃、臨終般涅槃、有行般涅槃、無行般涅槃四種,如是二十四不還。干觀者、止行者二種阿羅漢,四道住,如是五十四,這些一切依信增上、慧增上成二倍為一百零八聖補特伽羅。這些一切詳細說為"或一百零八"的聖補特伽羅,他們簡要依雙只有預流道住和果住為一雙等四雙。

Tenevāha ratanaparitte 『『ye puggalā aṭṭhasataṃ pasatthā, cattāri etāni yugāni hontī』』ti ayaṃ pabhedomaggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhesu missakavasena labbhati jhānikavipassakapabhedo pana phalaṭṭheyeva labbhati maggassa ekacittakkhatikattā maggaṭṭhesu na labbhati. Tattha sotāpattiphalaṭṭho jhānikasukkhavipassakavasena duvidho. Tesu jhāniko puggalo tasmiṃ bhave arahattappatto parinibbāyati. Appatto brahmalokagato hoti, so jhāniko nāma. Mūlaṭīkāyaṃ pana nikantiyā sati puthujjanādayo yathāladdhajjhānassa bhūmibhūte suddhāvāsavajjite yattha katthaci nibbattanti tathā kāmabhavepi kāmāvacarakammabalena 『『ijjhati hi bhikkhave sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā』』ti vuttaṃ. Anāgāmino pana kāmarāgassa sabbaso pahīnattā kāmabhavesu nikantiṃ na uppādentīti kāmalokavajjite yathāladdhassa bhūmi bhūte yattha katthaci nibbattantī』ti vuttaṃ tathā hi anāgāmisseva kāmabhave nikantiyā pahīnattā sotāpannasakadāgāmīnampi nikantiyā sati kāmabhave kāmāvacarakammabalena uppattibhāvo avāritova hotīti viññāyati tasmā 『『appatte brahmalokagato hoti, so jhāniko nāmāti idaṃ yebhuyyavasena vutta』』nti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sukkhavipassako pana tividho ekabījī, kolaṃkolo, sattakkhattuparamoti. Tattha eko manussaloke vā hotu chadevaloke vā, ekapaṭisandhiko hutvā arahattaṃ patvā parinibbāyati, ayaṃ ekabījī nāma eko manussaloke ekā paṭisandhi devaloke ekāti dvepaṭisandhiko vā, evaṃ ticatupañcachaparamo hutvā arahattaṃ patvā parinibbāyati, ayaṃ kolaṃkolo nāma. Eko manussaloke sotāpanno hutvā devaloke ekā paṭisandhi tato punāgantvā manussaloke ekāti evaṃ manussadevalokamissakavasena tattha cattāri idha tīṇityādinā tattha cha, idha ekoti yāva sattapaṭisandhiko hutvā parinibbāyati, ayaṃ sattakkhattuparamo nāma. Kevalaṃ pana manussaloke yeva satta devalokeyeva vā sattāti evaṃ amisso hutvā paṭisandhiko gahetabbo apare pana 『『ito satta, tato satta saṃsāre vicarantī』』ti vuttattā manussalokasattapaṭisandhidevaloka sattapaṭisandhivasena sattakkhattuparamaṃ vadanti. Taṃ ayuttaṃ kasmā 『『kiñcāpi te honti bhusaṃpamattā, na te bhavaṃ aṭṭhamamādiyantī』』ti pāḷiyā virodhattā. Apica dvibhavaparicchinno sakadāgāmīpi dvikkhattuṃ manussalokaṃ āgato bhaveyya, tassapi tattha ekaṃ, idha ekanti vārassa labbhitabbato na panevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sakiṃ imaṃ manussalokaṃ āgacchatīti sakadāgāmī idha patvā idha parinibbāyī, tattha patvā tattha parinibbāyī, tattha patvā idha parinibbāyī, idha patvā tattha parinibbāyīti pañcasu sakadāgāmīsu pañcamako idha adhippeto. Yadi evaṃ idha patvā idha parinibbāyīti ādayo cattāro kathaṃ sakadāgāmīnāmāti. Te sakiṃ puna āgacchatīti vacanatthena sakadāgāmī nāma. Kāmataṇhāya sabbaso pahīnattā imaṃ kāmadhātuṃ anāgacchatīti anāgāmī, niccaṃ brahmalokeyeva paṭisandhi vasena āgacchatīti adhippāyo. Jhānikassa evaṃ hotu, sukkhavipassakassa kathanti sopi jhānikova hutvā gacchati tassa hi maggantare sīhabyagghādīhi hatassāpi lakkhaṇattayaṃ āropetvā jhāniko hutvāva maraṇaṃ hoti ayaṃ pana rūpārūpabhavena ekakkhattuparamo nāma.

這是完整的中文直譯: 因此在《寶經》中說:"八百讚歎人,是為四雙士。"這種差別在道住和果住中依混合方式得到。但禪修者和觀行者的差別只在果住得到,因為道是一心剎那,在道住中不得到。其中預流果住依禪修者和干觀者有兩種。在這些中禪修者在那一生證得阿羅漢而般涅槃。未證得者生於梵界,稱為禪修者。但在根本復注中說:"有愛著時凡夫等生在除凈居天外所得禪的地界任何處,同樣依欲界業力也生在欲有中,因為說'諸比丘,具戒者的心願因清凈而成就'。但不還者因完全斷除欲貪不生起對欲有的愛著,所以生在除欲界外所得[禪]的地界任何處。"同樣因為只是不還者斷除對欲有的愛著,可知當預流和一來有愛著時依欲界業力生在欲有是不被遮止的。因此應見"未證得者生於梵界,稱為禪修者"這是依多數說的。 但干觀者有三種:一種子、家家、七返。其中或在人界或在六慾天界,作一次結生后證得阿羅漢而般涅槃的,稱為一種子。人界一次結生天界一次結生為兩次結生,如是最多三四五六次結生后證得阿羅漢而般涅槃的,稱為家家。在人界作預流後天界一次結生,然後再來人界一次結生,如是依人天界混合方式在那裡四次這裡三次等,乃至在那裡六次這裡一次,如是作七次結生后般涅槃的,稱為七返。但應只取在人界七次或只在天界七次如是不混合的結生,但其他人因說"從這裡七次,從那裡七次輪迴"而說依人界七次結生天界七次結生為七返。那是不適當的,為什麼?因為違背"雖然他們很放逸,不取第八有"的經文。而且限於兩有的一來也可能兩次來人界,因為對他也應得到那裡一次這裡一次的次數,但不應如是見。一次來此人界為一來,在此證得在此般涅槃,在彼證得在彼般涅槃,在彼證得在此般涅槃,在此證得在彼般涅槃,在五種一來中這裡意指第五種。如果這樣在此證得在此般涅槃等四種如何稱為一來?他們依一次再來的字義稱為一來。 因完全斷除欲愛不來此欲界為不還,意指只依結生來梵界。禪修者如是,干觀者如何?他也成為禪修者而去,因為即使在道中間被獅子虎等所殺,也觀三相而作禪修者而死。但這稱為依色無色有一次結生。

Sattakkhattuparamādayo ariyā rūpārūpalokesu anekakkhattupaṭisandhikāpi brahmalokasāmaññena ekapaṭisandhikā nāma honti. Arahā pana pāpakaraṇe rahābhāvā dakkhiṇaṃ arahattā puna bhavā bhinibbattiyārahābhāvātyādinā vacanatthena arahā nāma. Sopi tividho jhānika sukkhavipassaka samasīsīvasena. Tattha jhāniko maggeneva āgato , so paṭisambhidāppatto nāma. Aparopi puthujjanasekkhasantāne jhāniko hutvā jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā maggaṃ uppādeti, sopi jhānikova. Sukkhavipassako pana kilesakkhayamattameva maggena saha anāgatajhānaṃ nāma natthi, taṃ pacchā parihāyatītipi vadanti. Samasīsī pana tividho hoti iriyāpathasamasīsī, rogasamasīsī, jīvitasamasīsīti. Tattha yo ṭhānādīsu iriyāpathesu yeneva iriyapathena samannāgato hutvā vipassanaṃ ārabhati, teneva iriyāpathena arahattaṃ patvā parinibbāyati ayaṃ iriyāpathasamasīsī nāma. Yo pana ekaṃ rogaṃ patvā antoroge eva vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā arahattaṃ patvā teneva rogena parinibbāyati ayaṃ rogasamasīsi nāma. Yo pana terasasu sīsesu kilesasīsaṃ avijjaṃ arahattamaggo pariyādiyati, pavattisīsaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ cuticittaṃ pariyādiyati, ayaṃ jīvitasamasīsīnāma. Tattha terasa sīsāni katamāni terasa sīsāni. Palibodhasīsaṃ, taṇhābandhanasīsaṃ, mānaparāmāsasīsaṃ, diṭṭhivikkhepasīsaṃ, uddhaccakilesasīsaṃ, avijjāadhimokkhasīsaṃ, saddhāpaggahasīsaṃ, vīriyaupaṭṭhānasīsaṃ, satiavikkhepasīsaṃ, samādhidassanasīsaṃ, paññāpavattisīsaṃ, jīvitindriyagocarasīsaṃ, vimokkhasaṅkhārasīsanti. Ettha ca avijjā pariyādāyakaṃ maggacittaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ pariyādātuṃ sakkoti, jīvitapariyādāyakaṃ cuticittaṃ avijjaṃ pariyādātuṃ na sakkoti, avijjā pariyādāyakaṃ cittaṃ aññaṃ, jīvitindriyapariyādāyakaṃ cittaṃ aññaṃ. Kathaṃ panidaṃ sīsaṃ samaṃ hotīti. Vārasamatāya, yasmiñhi vāre maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, sotāpattimagge maggaphalanibbānapahīnasesakilesapaccavekkhaṇāvasena pañca paccavekkhaṇāni, tathā sakadāmimagge pañca, anāgāmimagge pañca, arahattamagge sesakilesābhāvā cattārīti ekūnavīsatime paccavekkhaṇañāṇe patiṭṭhāya bhavaṅgaṃ otaritvā parinibbāyato imāya vārasamatāya idaṃ ubhayasīsa pariyādānampi samaṃ hoti nāma. Arahattamagge ca pavattisīsaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ pavattito vuṭṭhahanto maggo cutito uddhaṃ appavattikaraṇavasena yadipi pariyādiyati. Yāva pana cuti, tāva pavattisabhāvato pavattisīsaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ cuticittaṃ pariyādiyati nāma. Kilesapariyādānena maggacittena attano anantaraṃ viya nipphādetabbā paccavekkhaṇavārāva paripuṇṇā. Paripuṇṇavasena pahīnakilese paccavekkhaṇato kilesapariyādānasseva vārāti vattabbataṃ arahanti, teneva kilesasīsaṃ avijjāpariyādānañca pavattisīsaṃ jīvitindriyapariyādānañca samaṃ katvā imāya vārasamatāya kilesapariyādānaṃ jīvitapariyādānānaṃ apubbacarimatā veditabbāti vuttaṃ. Saṃyuttaṭhakathāyaṃ pana yassa puggalassa apubbaṃ acarimaṃ āsavapariyādānañca hoti jīvitapariyādānañca, ayaṃti puggalo samasīsī. Ettha ca pavattisīsaṃ kilesasīsanti dve sīsāni. Tattha pavattisīsaṃ nāma jīvitindriyaṃ. Kilesasīsaṃ nāma avijjā. Tesu jīvitindriyaṃ cuticittaṃ khepeti. Avijjaṃ maggacittaṃ. Dvinnaṃ cittānaṃ ekato uppādo natthi.

這是完整的中文直譯: 七返等聖者雖在色無色界有多次結生,依梵界共性稱為一次結生。阿羅漢則依"作惡無隱私、應受供養、不再生有"等字義稱為阿羅漢。他也有三種:依禪修者、干觀者、等終者。其中禪修者是隨道而來,他稱為得無礙解。另一種在凡夫和有學相續中成為禪修者以禪為基礎生起道,他也是禪修者。但干觀者只是滅盡煩惱而已,沒有隨道而來的禪,他們說那後來退失。 等終者有三種:威儀等終者、病等終者、命等終者。其中在住等威儀中以任何威儀具足而開始觀,以那威儀證得阿羅漢而般涅槃的,稱為威儀等終者。得某病後在病中建立觀證得阿羅漢以那病般涅槃的,稱為病等終者。在十三頂中以阿羅漢道盡煩惱頂無明,以死心盡輪轉頂命根的,稱為命等終者。其中什麼是十三頂?十三頂是:繫縛頂、愛結頂、慢執取頂、見散亂頂、掉舉煩惱頂、無明勝解頂、信策勵頂、精進近住頂、念不散亂頂、定見頂、慧輪轉頂、命根行境頂、解脫行頂。在這裡盡無明的道心能盡命根,盡命的死心不能盡無明,盡無明的心是一個,盡命根的心是另一個。 那麼這頂如何平等?依次第平等,因為在道出起的次第中,在預流道有道果涅槃斷余煩惱省察等五種省察,同樣在一來道五種,不還道五種,阿羅漢道因無餘煩惱四種,如是在第十九省察智建立后入有分而般涅槃,依這次第平等這兩頂的盡也稱為平等。在阿羅漢道中輪轉頂命根,雖然從輪轉出起的道依使死後不轉起而盡。但直到死亡,因為是輪轉性質,所以稱為輪轉頂命根為死心所盡。以盡煩惱的道心如自己無間般應生起省察次第已圓滿。因依圓滿方式省察已斷煩惱而應說只是煩惱盡的次第,因此以煩惱頂無明盡和輪轉頂命根盡平等,依這次第平等應知煩惱盡和命盡無先後。但在《相應注》中說:"對某補特伽羅無先無後漏盡和命盡,這補特伽羅是等終者。這裡有輪轉頂和煩惱頂兩頂。其中輪轉頂即命根。煩惱頂即無明。在這些中命根為死心所盡。無明為道心[所盡]。兩心不能同時生起。"

Maggānantaraṃ pana phalaṃ, phalānantaraṃ bhavaṅgaṃ, bhavaṅgato vuṭṭhāya paccavekkhaṇaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ hoti, taṃ aparipuṇṇaṃ vāti. Tikhiṇena asinā sīse chindantepi hi eko vā dve vā paccavekkhaṇavārā avassaṃ uppajjantiyeva, cittānaṃ pana lahuparivattitāya āsavakkhayo ca jīvitapariyādānañca ekakkhaṇe viya sañjāyatī』ti vuttaṃ. Taṭṭīkāyañca 『『dvinnaṃ cittānanti cuticittamaggacittānaṃ. Tanti paccayavekallaṃ. Paripuṇṇaṃ javanacittānaṃ sattakkhattuṃ pavattiyā. Aparipuṇṇaṃ pañcakkhattuṃ pavattiyā. Kiñcāpi eko vā dve vā ti vuttaṃ, taṃ pana vacana siliṭṭhavasena vuttaṃ. Yāva ekaṃ vā dve vā tadārammaṇacittānīti heṭṭhimantena dve pavattantīti vadantī』』ti vuttaṃ. Ettha ca 『『paripuṇṇaṃ javanacittānaṃ sattakkhattuṃ pavattiyā, aparipuṇṇaṃ pañchakkhattuṃ pavattiyā』』ti iminā aṭṭhakathāṭīkāvacanena samasīsīnaṃ paccavekkhaṇāvasena maraṇāsannavīthiyaṃ paripuṇṇavasena sattakkhattuṃ, aparipuṇṇavasena pañcakkhattuṃ kriyajavanāni javantīti sanniṭṭhānametthāva gantabbaṃ. 『『Asammūḷho kālaṃ karotī』』ti vuttattā ca viññāyati sattakkhattuṃ paripuṇṇavasena maraṇāsannakāle javanapavatti. Evañca sati 『『mandappavattiyaṃ pana maraṇakālādīsu pañcavāramevā』』ti ettha 『『mandappavattiya』』nti visesanaṃ sātthakaṃ siyā. 『『Pañcavāramevā』』ti ettha evakārena mandappavattikāle chasattakkhattuṃ nivatteti. Asammūḷhakāle pana chasattakkhattumpi anujānāti. Kāmāvacarajavanānañca aniyataparimāṇā balavakālepi parisampuṇṇabhāvā tathā hi 『『kāmāvacarajavanānibalavakāle sattakkhattuṃ chakkhattuṃ vā, mandappavattiyaṃ pana maraṇakālādīsu pañcavārameva. Bhagavato yamakapāṭihāriyakālādīsu lahukappavattiyaṃ cattāri pañcavā paccavekkhaṇajavanacittāni bhavantī』』ti aniyamitappamāṇavasena uppattibhāvo āgato imasmiṃ samasīsiniddesavārepi maraṇāsannavīthicittassa visuṃ alabbhanato paccavekkhaṇanteyeva bhavaṅgacittena parinibbānato paripuṇṇavasena satta javanacittāni pāṭikaṅkhitabbānīti amhākaṃ khanti vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbo ito yuttataro vā pakāro labbhamāno gavesitabbo. Evaṃ paramatthasaṅghavasena cattāri purisayugāni, aṭṭha purisapuggalā, cattālīsampipuggalā aṭṭhasatampi purisapuggalāti sabbaṃ samodhānetvā imasmiṃ loke saṅghopi dullabhoti veditabbo tathā hi ariyapuggalā atidullabhāva sāsanassa vijjamānakālepi idāni sotāpannassāpi avijjamānato ayaṃ paramatthasaṅghavicāraṇā. Sammutisaṅgho pana ñatticatutthena upasampanno puthujjanasaṅghova, sopi dullabhoyeva. Kasmā buddhuppādakāleyeva labbhanato tathā hi anuppanne buddhe paccekabuddhānaṃ satasahassādigaṇane uppajjamānepi tesaṃ santike upasampadābhāvassa alabbhamānato paccekabuddhānañhi santike pabbajitānaṃ kulaputtānaṃ saraṇagamanakammaṭṭhānassāpi dātuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā. Paccekabuddhā ca nāma mūgassa supinadassanaṃ viya attanā paṭiladdhasaccadhamme paresaṃ ācikkhituṃ na sakkonti, tasmā te pabbājetvā kammaṭṭhāne niyojetuṃ asamatthā 『『evaṃ te nivāsetabbaṃ, evaṃ te pārupitabba』』nti ādinānayena abhisamācārikameva sikkhāpesuṃ tasmā buddhuppādakāleyeva sammutisaṅgho labbhati.

這是完整的中文直譯: 但道之後是果,果之後是有分,從有分出起后省察圓滿或不圓滿。即使以利劍砍頭也必定生起一次或兩次省察,但因心轉起迅速,漏盡和命盡好像在一剎那生起。在其復注中說:"兩心即死心和道心。那是緣不具足。圓滿是速行心七次轉起。不圓滿是五次轉起。雖然說一次或兩次,那是依說話流暢而說。直到一個或兩個彼所緣心,他們說最少生起兩次。" 這裡以"圓滿是速行心七次轉起,不圓滿是五次轉起"這注釋和復注的話,應在這裡得出結論:等終者在省察時臨終路中依圓滿方式七次,依不圓滿方式五次唯作速行轉起。又因說"不迷亂而死"而知在臨終時依圓滿方式七次速行轉起。如是則"但在遲鈍轉起的死時等五次"這裡"遲鈍轉起"的限定詞有意義。以"僅"字否定遲鈍轉起時六七次。但在不迷亂時也允許六七次。欲界速行也在強時不定量圓滿,因為如是說:"欲界速行在強時七次或六次,但在遲鈍轉起的死時等五次。世尊在雙神變時等迅速轉起時有四五次省察速行心。"依不定量方式生起。 在這等終說明品中因不另得臨終路心而在省察終了時以有分心般涅槃,應期待依圓滿方式七個速行心,這是我們的見解,應考察後接受或尋求從這裡更適當的方式。如是依勝義僧方式四雙士夫、八輩士夫、四十種人、一百零八輩士夫,應知攝一切后在此世間僧伽也難得。因為如是聖人極難得,即使在教法存在時現在連預流者也不存在,這是勝義僧的考察。 但世俗僧是依白四羯磨具足戒的凡夫僧,他也難得。為什麼?因為只在佛出世時才得到。因為如是在佛未出世時雖有十萬等數量的辟支佛生起,因在他們處不得具足戒,因為辟支佛不能給在他們處出家的善男子皈依和業處。因為辟支佛如啞者見夢般不能向他人說自己證得的真理法,因此他們不能使[他人]出家修習業處,只能以"你應如是著衣,你應如是披衣"等方式教導威儀學處。因此只在佛出世時才得到世俗僧。

Apica na te dullabhāyeva honti, atha kho tasmiṃ uddissa appamattakassāpi katākārassa asaṅkhyeyyaphalāpi honti vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā 『『bhavissanti kho panānanda anāgatamaddhānaṃ gotrabhuno kāsāvakaṇṭhā dussīlā pāpadhammā tesu dussīlesu saṅghaṃ uddissa dānaṃ dassanti, tadā pāhaṃ ānanda saṅghagataṃ dakkhiṇaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ appameyyaṃ vadāmi na tvevāhaṃ ānanda kenaci pariyāyena saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā pāṭipuggalikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ mahapphalanti vadāmī』』ti. Tathā hi uparipaṇṇāsake dakkhiṇavibhaṅgavaṇṇanāyaṃ 『『kāsāvakaṇṭhānaṃ saṅghe dinne dakkhiṇāpi guṇāsaṅkhyāya asaṅkhyeyyā』』ti vuttaṃ. Saṅghagatadakkhiṇā hi saṅghe cittīkāraṃ kātuṃ sakkontassa hoti. Saṅghe pana cittīkāro dukkaro yo hi 『『saṅghagataṃ dakkhiṇaṃ dassāmī』』ti deyyadhammaṃ paṭiyādetvā vihāraṃ gantvā bhante saṅghaṃ uddissa ekaṃ theraṃ dethā』ti vadati, atha saṅghato sāmaṇeraṃ labhitvā 『『sāmaṇero me laddho』』ti aññathattaṃ āpajjati, tassa dakkhiṇā saṅghagatā na hoti. Mahātheraṃ labhitvā pi 『『mahāthero me laddho』』ti somanassaṃ uppādentassāpi na hotiyeva. Tassa dakkhiṇā saṅghagatā na hoti. Yo pana sāmaṇeraṃ upasampannaṃ vā daharaṃ vā theraṃ vā bālaṃ vā paṇḍitaṃ vā yaṃkiñci saṅghato labhitvā nibbematiko hutvā 『『saṅghassa dammī』』ti saṅghe cittīkāraṃ kātuṃ sakkoti, tassa dakkhiṇā saṅghagatā nāma hoti. Parasamuddavāsino kira evaṃ karonti tattha hi eko vihārassāmikuṭumbiko 『『saṅghagataṃ dakkhiṇaṃ dassāmī』』ti saṅghato uddisitvā 『『ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ dethā』』ti yācitvā so ekaṃ dussīlabhikkhuṃ labhitvā nisīdanaṭṭhānaṃ opuñjāpetvā āsanaṃ paññapetvā upari vitānaṃ bandhitvā gandhadhūmapupphehi pūjetvā pāde dhovitvā makkhetvā buddhassa nipaccakāraṃ karonto viya saṅghe cittīkārena deyyadhammaṃ adāsi so bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ vihāraṃ jagganatthāya 『『kudālakaṃ dethā』』ti gharadvāraṃ āgato upāsako nisinnova kudālaṃ pādena khipitvā 『『gaṇhā』』ti adāsi tamenaṃ manussā āhaṃsu 『『tumhehi pātova etassa katasakkāro vattuṃ na sakkā, idāni apacayamattakampi natthi, kiṃ nāmeta』』nti. Upāsako 『『saṅghassa so ayyo cittīkāro, na etassā』』ti āha. Kāsāvakaṇṭhasaṅghadinnadakkhiṇaṃ pana ko sodheti, sāriputtamoggalānādayo asītimahātherā sodhenti api ca therā ciraparinibbutā, there ādiṃ katvā yāvajjatanā dharamānakhīṇāsavā sodhentiyeva, tathā hi dāyakato paṭiggāhatopi mahapphalaṃ hoti dānaṃ. Dāyakato vessantarajātakaṃ kathetabbaṃ vessantaro hi dussīlassa jūjakābrāhmaṇassa nayanasadise dve jālīkaṇhājine putte datvā pathaviṃ kampesi. Sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ārabbha pavattacetanāya mahantabhāvena pathaviṃ kampesi. Evaṃ dāyakatopi mahapphalaṃ hoti. Paṭiggāhakato pana sāriputtattherassa dinnacoraghātakavatthu kathetabbaṃ coraghātako nāma hi sāvatthiyaṃ eko janapadapuriso pañcavīsati vassāni coraghātakakammaṃ katvā mahallakakālepi tiṃsa vassāni nāsikavāteneva kaṇṇanāsādīni chinditvā coraghātakakammaṃ karontasseva pañcapaññāsa vassāni vītivattāni. So maraṇa mañce nipannova attano kammabalena mahāniraye nibbatto viya mahāsaddaṃ katvā dukkhito hoti, tassa saddena bhītā manussā ubhato passe gehaṃ chaḍḍetvā palāyiṃsu.

這是完整的中文直譯: 而且他們不僅難得,而且對他們作的即使極小的恭敬也有無量果報。因為世尊這樣說:"阿難,將來會有姓氏者披著袈裟于頸,破戒惡法,對這些破戒者以僧為緣佈施,那時阿難,我說以僧為緣的佈施是無量無邊的,我決不說以任何方式以僧為緣的佈施比對個人的佈施有大果報。"因為如是在《上分五十經》的《佈施分別注》中說:"對披袈裟于頸者佈施于僧團,以功德無量而佈施也無量。"因為以僧為緣的佈施是能對僧作恭敬者有的。但對僧作恭敬是難的。即是準備佈施物說"我將佈施以僧為緣"後去寺院說"尊者,請給我一位長老作為僧代表",然後從僧得到沙彌后說"我得到沙彌"而生變異[心],他的佈施不成為以僧為緣。即使得到大長老而生起"我得到大長老"的喜悅也不成。那佈施不成為以僧為緣。但得到任何沙彌或具戒者,或年輕或長老,或愚或智,從僧中無疑惑而說"我佈施給僧"能對僧作恭敬者,他的佈施稱為以僧為緣。 據說住在海外的[人們]如是做:那裡一個寺院主人說"我將佈施以僧為緣"從僧指定請求"給我一位比丘",他得到一位破戒比丘后讓打掃坐處,安排座位,上面系帳幕,以香菸花供養,洗足涂[香],如對佛作禮敬般以對僧的恭敬佈施供品。那比丘食后為打掃寺院來到門前說"給我鋤頭",居士坐著用腳踢鋤頭說"拿去"。人們對他說:"你早晨對他作的恭敬說不完,現在連一點禮敬也沒有,這是什麼?"居士說:"那是對僧的恭敬,不是對他的。"但誰凈化對披袈裟于頸的僧佈施?舍利弗目犍連等八十大長老凈化。而且長老們早已般涅槃,從長老開始直到今天存在的漏盡者都在凈化。因為如是從施者和受者佈施都有大果。從施者應說《毗山達羅本生》,因為毗山達羅布施如眼睛般的兩個兒子遮梨和黑兒給破戒的祭迦婆羅門使大地震動。因為緣一切智智而生起的思很大而使大地震動。如是從施者也有大果。從受者則應說佈施給舍利弗長老的殺賊故事。在舍衛城(今印度北方邦)有一個鄉下人名殺賊者,做殺賊工作二十五年,老年時也用呼吸法砍斷耳鼻等做殺賊工作三十年,如是過了五十五年。他躺在臨終床上以自己的業力好像生在大地獄般大聲叫喊痛苦,人們因他的聲音恐懼兩旁的房子都捨棄逃走。

Tadā sāriputtatthero dibbacakkhu nā lokaṃ volokento taṃ disvā tassa anukampaṃ paṭicca tassa gehadvāre aṭṭhāsi. So kujjhitvā tikkhattuṃ nāsikavātena vissajjamānopi vissajjituṃ asakkonto ativirocamānaṃ theraṃ disvā ativiya pasīditvā attano atthāya sampāditaṃ pāyāsaṃ adāsi. Theropi maṅgalaṃ vaḍḍhetvā pakkami. Coraghātako therassa dinnadānaṃ anussaritvā sagge nibbatti, evaṃ paṭiggāhakatopi mahapphalaṃ hoti. Ubhayatopi mahapphalaṃ, anāthapiṇḍikavisākhādayo buddhappamukhassa dinnadānaṃ veditabbaṃ.

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā.

『『Tathāgate ca sambuddhe, athavā tassa sāvake;

Natthi citte pasannamhi, appakā nāma dakkhiṇā.

Evaṃ acintiyā buddhā, buddhadhammā acintiyā;

Acintiye pasannānaṃ, vipāko hoti acintiyo』』ti.

Evaṃ ubhayavasena mahapphalabhāvo veditabbo. Dāyakatopi paṭiggāhakatopi nipphalameva. Seyyathāpi makkhaligosālachasatthārādīnaṃ attano upāsakamicchādiṭṭhīhi pūjāvisesā vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā.

『『Māse māse kusaggena, bālo bhuñjeyya bhojanaṃ;

Na so saṅkhatadhammānaṃ, kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasi』』nti.

Tenevāha bhagavā cattārimāni ānanda dakkhiṇavisuddhiyo』』ti. Imāni tīṇi buddhadhammasaṅgharatanāni sādhūnaṃ ratijananatthena ratanāni nāma.

Vuttañhetaṃ.

『『Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;

Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī』』ti.

這是完整的簡體中文翻譯: 那時,舍利弗長老以天眼觀察世間,看見他后,因憐憫他而站在他的家門前。他憤怒地三次想要噴鼻息,但未能噴出,看見長老光芒照耀,生起極大信心,把為自己準備的乳糜佈施。長老祝福后離開。行刑者憶念佈施給長老的功德,往生天界。如是,由於受施者的功德廣大,雙方都獲得廣大果報。應知阿那他品達迦、毗舍佉等人對以佛陀為首的僧團的佈施也是如此。 世尊曾如是說: "對正等正覺的如來,或是他的聲聞弟子; 心生凈信時所施,無有微小之供養。 諸佛不可思議,佛法不可思議; 對不可思議生信者,果報亦不可思議。" 如是應知從雙方而言都有廣大果報。若施者與受施者都沒有功德,正如末伽梨瞿舍羅等六師之類,他們的在家信徒以邪見供養。世尊曾如是說: "愚人月月以草尖,取食而食諸飲食; 于諸有為諸法中,十六分之一亦無值。" 因此世尊說:"阿難,這是四種佈施清凈。"這三種佛法僧寶,因能給善人帶來喜悅,故稱為寶。 如是說: "受人尊重且價值高,無可比擬難得見, 殊勝聖者所受用,因此稱之為寶貝。"

Ratanañca nāma duvidhaṃ saviññāṇakāviññāṇakavasena. Tattha aviññāṇakaṃ cakkaratanaṃ, maṇiratanaṃ yaṃ vā panaññampi anindriyabaddhasuvaṇṇarajatādi. Saviññāṇakaṃ hatthiassaratanādipariṇāyakaratanapariyosānaṃ, yaṃ vā panaññampi indriyabaddhaṃ. Evaṃ duvidhe cettha saviññāṇakaratanaṃ aggamakkhāyati, kasmā yasmā aviññāṇakaṃ suvaṇṇarajatamaṇimuttādiratanaṃ saviññāṇakānaṃ hattiratanādīnaṃ alaṅkāratthāya upanīyati. Saviññāṇakaratanampi duvidhaṃ tiracchānagataratanaṃ manussaratanañca. Tattha manussaratanaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Kasmā yasmā tiracchānagataratanaṃ manussaratanassa opavayhaṃ hoti. Manussaratanampi duvidhaṃ itthiratanaṃ purisaratanañca. Tattha purisaratanaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Kasmā yasmā itthiratanaṃ purisaratanassa paricārikattaṃ āpajjati. Purisaratanampi duvidhaṃ agārikaratanaṃ anagārikaratanañca tattha anagārikaratanaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Kasmā yasmā agārikaratanesu aggo cakkavattīpi sīlādiguṇayuttaṃ anagārikaratanaṃ pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā upaṭṭhahitvā payirupāsitvā dibbamānussikā sampattiyo pāpuṇitvā ante nibbānasampattiṃ pāpuṇāti. Anagārikaratanampi duvidhaṃ ariyaputhujjanavasena. Ariyaratanampi duvidhaṃ sekkhāsekkhavasena. Asekkharatanampi duvidhaṃ sukkhavipassakasamathayānikavasena. Samathayānikaratanampi duvidhaṃ sāvakapāramippattamapattañca. Tattha sāvakapāramippattaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Kasmā guṇamahattatāya. Sāvakapāramippattaratanatopi paccekabuddharatanaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Kasmā guṇamahattatāya. Sāriputtamoggalānasadisāpi hi anekasatā sāvakā paccekabuddhassa guṇānaṃ satabhāgampi na upanenti. Paccekabuddhato sambuddharatanaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Kasmā guṇamahattatāya sakalampi jambudīpaṃ pallaṅke na pallaṅkaṃ ghaṭṭento nisinnā paccekasambuddhā ekassa guṇānaṃ neva saṅkhyaṃ kalaṃ gaṇanabhāgaṃ upanenti, vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā 『『yāvatā bhikkhave sattā apadā vā…pe… tathāgato tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī』』ti ādi. Evaṃ 『『buddho ca dullabho loke, saddhammasavanampi ca, saṅgho ca dullabho loke』』ti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ padānaṃ atthuddhāravasena sabbaso attho vuttoyeva hoti.

Iti sāgarabuddhittheraviracite sīmavisodhane saṅghavaṇṇanāya

Samasīsikaṇḍo catuttho paricchedo.

Pakiṇṇakakaṇḍo

Idāni sappurisāti dullabhāti imassa saṃvaṇṇanākkamo sampatto tathā hi loke sappurisāpi atidullabhāyeva. Sappurisāti kalyāṇaguṇasampannā uttamapurisā. Te nissāya jātidhammā sattā jātiyā, maraṇadhammā sattā maraṇato muccanti vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā 『『mamañhi ānanda kalyāṇamittaṃ āgamma jātiyā parimuccanti, jarādhammā sattā jarāya muccantī』』ti ādi vacanato pana sammāsambuddhoyeva sabbākārasampanno kalyāṇamitto nāma. Taṃ alabhantena sāriputtamoggalānādayo ariyapuggalā vā. Tepi alabhantena ekantajahitaṃ sivaṭṭhikaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ labhitabbaṃ, vuttañhetaṃ porāṇehi.

『『Piyo garu bhāvanīyo, vattā ca vacanakkhamo;

Gambhīrañca kathaṃ kattā, nocāṭhāne niyojaye』』ti.

這是完整的簡體中文翻譯: 寶有兩種,即有識寶和無識寶。其中,無識寶是輪寶、摩尼寶,以及其他不具根的金銀等。有識寶是象寶、馬寶等直至主藏臣寶,以及其他具根的。在這兩種寶中,有識寶被稱為最勝。為什麼?因為無識寶如金銀摩尼珍珠等寶是用來裝飾有識寶如象寶等的。有識寶也有兩種:畜生寶和人寶。其中人寶被稱為最勝。為什麼?因為畜生寶是人寶的乘騎工具。人寶也有兩種:女寶和男寶。其中男寶被稱為最勝。為什麼?因為女寶是服侍男寶的。男寶也有兩種:在家寶和出家寶。其中出家寶被稱為最勝。為什麼?因為即使在家寶中最高的轉輪王也要以五體投地禮拜、侍奉、親近具足戒等功德的出家寶,由此獲得人天福報,最終證得涅槃。出家寶也有兩種:聖者和凡夫。聖者寶也有兩種:有學和無學。無學寶也有兩種:純觀行者和止行者。止行者寶也有兩種:已證聲聞波羅蜜和未證者。其中已證聲聞波羅蜜者被稱為最勝。為什麼?因為功德廣大。比已證聲聞波羅蜜寶更勝的是辟支佛寶。為什麼?因為功德廣大。即使如舍利弗、目犍連這樣數百位聲聞,也不及辟支佛功德的百分之一。比辟支佛更勝的是正等覺寶。為什麼?因為功德廣大。即使整個閻浮提坐滿辟支佛,座位相連,也不及一位正等覺者功德的數分、量分、計算分。世尊曾如是說:"諸比丘,在一切眾生中,無足或有足等,如來被稱為最勝"等。如是,"佛陀在世間難得,聽聞正法也難得,僧團在世間難得",這三句話的含義已經完全解說了。 這是由海智長老所著《界限清凈》中僧團讚歎品的 第四章相應品完。 雜項品 現在輪到解說"善人實難得"這句話。如是在世間善人確實極為難得。善人即具足善德的殊勝之人。依靠他們,有生之法的眾生得脫生,有死之法的眾生得脫死。世尊曾如是說:"阿難,依止善知識,有生之法的眾生得脫生,有老之法的眾生得脫老"等。但從這些話可知,正等覺者才是具足一切功德的善知識。若得不到他,則應親近舍利弗、目犍連等聖者。若得不到他們,則應親近完全舍離的凈行善知識。古人如是說: "可愛可敬可尊重,能言善受他人語; 能說甚深之法義,不導人向非處行。"

Evamādiguṇasamannāgato vaḍḍhipakkhe ṭhitapaṇḍitapuggalo loke dullabhova. Katamo paṇḍitapuggalo buddhapaccekabuddhā asīti ca mahāsāvakā aññe ca tathāgatassa sāvakā sunettamahāgovindavidhurasarabhaṅgamahosadhasutasomanimirājaayogharakumāraka akattipaṇḍitādayo ca paṇḍitāti veditabbā. Te bhaye viya rakkhā, andhakāre viya padīpā, khuppipāsādidukkhābhibhave viya annapānādipaṭilābho, attano vacanakarānaṃ sabbabhayaupaddavūpasaggaviddhaṃsanasamatthā honti tathā hi tathāgataṃ āgamma asaṅkhyeyyā aparimāṇā devamanussā āsavakkhayaṃ pattā brahmaloke patiṭṭhitā, devaloke uppannā. Sāriputtatthere cittaṃ pasādetvā catūhi ca paccayehi theraṃ upaṭṭhahitvā asīti kusalahassāni sagge nibbattāni, tathā mahāmoggalānamahākassapapabhuti sunettassa satthuno sāvakā appekacce brahmaloke upapajjiṃsu, appekacce paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ…pe… appekacce gahapatimahāsālakulānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjiṃsu, vuttañhetaṃ 『『natthi bhikkhave paṇḍitato bhayaṃ, natthi paṇḍitato upaddavo, natthi paṇḍitato upasaggo』』ti. Apica taggaramālādigandhabhaṇḍasadiso paṇḍito, taggaramālādigandhabhaṇḍapaliveṭhanapattasadiso tadupasevī vuttañhetaṃ nāradajātake.

『『Taggarañca palāsena, yo naro upanayhati;

Pattāpi surabhi vāyanti, evaṃ dhīrūpasevanā』』ti.

Akittipaṇḍito sakkena devānamindena vare diyyamāne evamāha

『『Dhīraṃ passe suṇe dhīraṃ, dhīrena saha saṃvase;

Dhīrenā』lāpasallāpaṃ, taṃ kare tañca rocaye.

Kiṃ nu te akaraṃ dhīro, vada kassapa kāraṇaṃ;

Kena kassapa dhīrassa, dassanaṃ abhikaṅkhasi.

Nayaṃ nayati medhāvī, adurāyaṃ na yuñjati;

Sanaro seyyaso hoti, sammā vutto na kuppati;

Vinayaṃ so pajānāti, sādhu tena samāgamo』』ti.

Apica tepi sappurise saṅgamma assutapubbampi ubhayalokahitāvahaṃ vācaṃ suyyateva, vuttampi cetaṃ.

『『Subhāsitaṃ uttamamāhu santo, dhammaṃ bhaṇe nādhammaṃ taṃ dutiyaṃ;

Piyaṃ bhaṇe nāppiyaṃ taṃ tatiyaṃ, saccaṃ bhaṇe nālīkaṃ taṃ catuttha』』nti ca.

『『Yaṃ buddho bhāsati vācaṃ, khemaṃ nibbānapattiyā;

Dukkhassantakiriyāya, sā ve vācānamuttamā』』ti.

Sappurisūpanissayasevanapaccayāyeva dānādikusalasamāyogena apāyadukkhato muccanti vuttañhetaṃ 『『apica nerayikādidukkhaparittāṇato puññāni eva pāṇīnaṃ bahūpakārāni, yato tesampi upakārānussaraṇatā kataññutā sappurisehi pasaṃsanīyādinānappakāravisesādhigamahetūca honti vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, 『『dve me bhikkhave puggalā dullabhā lokasmiṃ, katame dve, yo ca pubbakārī, yo ca kataññu katavedī』』ti. Apica vidhuramahosadhajātakādikālepi idhalokaparalokasampattiatthameva attano vacanakare sammā yojenti. Anākulakammantādhiṭṭhānena kālaññutāya patirūpakāritāya analasatāya uṭṭhānavīriyasamatāya abyasaniyatāca kālānatikkamanaappatirūpakaraṇaakaraṇasithilakaraṇāhi akusalādīhi rahitakasigorakkhavāṇijjādayo kammantā, ete attano vā puttadārassa vā dāsakammakarānaṃ vā byattatāya evaṃ payojitā diṭṭheva dhamme dhanadhaññavitti paṭilābhahetū honti, vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā.

Patirūpakārīri dhuravā, uṭṭhānatā vindate dhananti ca;

Na divā soppasīle, rattiṃ uṭṭhānadassinā;

Niccappamattena soṇḍena, sakkā āvasituṃ gharaṃ.

這是完整的簡體中文翻譯: 具足如此等功德、住于增長分的智者在世間實為難得。什麼是智者?應知佛陀、辟支佛、八十大聲聞以及如來的其他聲聞、善見、大典尊、毗頭羅、舍羅槃伽、大薩陀、須陀蘇摩王、尼彌王、阿庾伽王子、阿吉底賢者等為智者。他們如危難中的保護,如黑暗中的明燈,如飢渴等苦逼迫時得到飲食,能為聽從他們話語的人消除一切怖畏、災禍、障礙。如是,依靠如來,無量無數的天人證得漏盡,安住梵界,往生天界。對舍利弗長老生起凈信,以四資具供養長老者,八萬善業往生天界。同樣,大目犍連、大迦葉等,以及善見導師的聲聞,有些往生梵界,有些往生他化自在天......有些往生大富長者家。如是說:"諸比丘,從智者不生怖畏,從智者不生災禍,從智者不生障礙。"而且,智者如塔格拉花環等香料,親近智者者如包裹塔格拉花環等香料的葉子。如在那羅陀本生經中所說: "若人用葉包塔格,葉子也將生香氣; 如是親近智者人,必得智慧之薰陶。" 阿吉底賢者當帝釋天王給予恩惠時如是說: "見智者聞智者語,與智者共同居止; 與智者交談往來,行此事且生歡喜。 智者於我何所為?迦葉請說其因由; 為何汝愿見智者?迦葉請為我解說。 智者引導于正道,不令人入邪惡途; 與善人共處為勝,受教誨心不生怒; 彼能通達于律儀,與此人相會為善。" 而且,親近這些善人,能聞所未聞的有益兩世的言語。如是說: "智者說善語最上,說法不非法其二; 說愛語非怨其三,說實語非虛其四。" "佛陀所說諸言語,為證涅槃得安穩; 為斷一切諸苦惱,此語實為語中最。" 依靠親近善人,通過佈施等善行得以解脫惡趣之苦。如是說:"又,功德能保護眾生遠離地獄等苦,因此對眾生有大利益。所以,憶念他們的恩德即是知恩,這為善人所讚歎,也是證得種種殊勝的因。"世尊如是說:"諸比丘,此二種人在世間難得。哪二種?先作恩者和知恩報恩者。"而且,如毗頭羅、大薩陀本生故事等時,爲了今世後世的利益而正確指導聽從他們話語的人。通過建立不混亂的事業,知時、適宜、不懈怠、精進平等、遠離放逸,不過時、不作不適宜之事、不懈怠放逸,遠離不善等,從事農業、牧牛、商貿等工作。這些工作由自己或子女眷屬或奴僕傭人精明地從事,在現世即能獲得財富穀物的利益。世尊如是說: "適時行事不懈怠,精進方能獲財富; 晝不貪眠夜勤勉,放逸沉醉難持家。"

Atīsitaṃ atiuṇhaṃ, atisāramidaṃ ahu;

Iti vissaṭṭhakammante, atthā accenti māṇave.

Yo ca sītañca uṇhañca; Tiṇāni yo na maññati;

Sappurisakiccāni, so sukhaṃ na vihāyatī』』ti ca.

Bhoge saṃharamānassa, parasseva irayato;

Bhogā sannicayaṃ yanti, vammikovūpacīyatīti.

這是完整的簡體中文翻譯: "太冷或太熱,事務太繁多; 如是推託事,利益將逝去。 能耐寒與暑,不以草爲念; 行善人當行,安樂終不失。" "如蟻積聚糧,日夜勤不息; 財富漸積累,如蟻冢增長。"

Evamādippabhedā sappurisā loke atidullabhāva. Tabbigamena duppurisā bālajanā agavesantopi labbhanteva te bālā attānaṃ sevamāne parajane saṃsāradukkheyeva osīdenti bhavato vuṭṭhānaṃ na denti tathā hi pūraṇakassapādayo chasatthārā devadattakokālika-modakatissa khaṇḍadeviyāputtasamuddadattaciñcamāṇavikādayo atītakāle ca dīghadukkhassa lābhāti ime aññe ca evarūpā sattā bālā aggipadittamiva agāraṃ attanā duggahitena attānañca attano vacanakārake ca vināsenti tathā hi devadattamāgamma rājā ajātasattu-kokālikādayo tadaññepi puggalā apāye nibbattanti. Rājā ajātasattu sāmaññaphalasuttantasavanakāle yadi pitaraṃ aghāteyya, sotāpanno bhaveyya pitaraṃ ghātitattā maggaphalampi appatvā lohakumbhiyaṃ saṭṭhivassasahassāni paccitvā muccissati anāgatepi paccekabuddho bhavissati. Kokālikopi sāriputtamoggalānatthere anapacāyitvā mahāniraye padumagaṇanāya paccanokāse nirayapadese padumaniraye…pe… padumaṃ kho pana aññataro bhikkhu nirayaṃ kokāliko bhikkhu upapanno sāriputtamoggalānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā』』ti āha. Tattha aññataro bhikkhūti nāmagottena apākaṭaṃ 『『kiṃ va dīghaṃ nukho bhante padume niraye āyuppamāṇa』』nti pañhaṃ pucchitvā nisinnaṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ evamāha 『『dīghaṃ kho bhikkhu niraye āyuppamāṇaṃ, taṃ na sukaraṃ saṅkhātuṃ ettakāni vassānīti vā ettakāni vassasatānīti vā ettakāni vassasahassānīti vā ettakāni vassasatasahassānī』』ti vā sakkā pana bhante upamaṃ kātunti. 『『Sakkā bhikkhū』』ti bhagavā avoca. Seyyathāpi bhikkhu vīsatikhāriko kosalako tilavāho hoti, tato puriso vassasatassa vassasahassassa accayena ekamekaṃ tilaṃ uddhareyya, khippataraṃ kho so bhikkhu vīsatikhāriko kosalako tilavāho iminā upakkamena parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, na tveva eko abbudo nirayo. Seyyathāpi bhikkhu vīsa abbudo nirayo, evameko nirabbudo nirayo』』ti ādi. Vīsatikhāriko ti māgadhikena patthena cattāro patthā kosalaraṭṭhe eko pattho hoti. Tena patthena cattāro patthā āḷhakaṃ. Cattāri āḷhakāni doṇaṃ. Catudoṇā mānikā. Catumānikā khārī. Tāyakhāriyā vīsatikhāriko tilavāho. Tilavāhoti tilasakaṭaṃ. Abbudo nirayoti abbudo nāma eko paccekanirayo natthi, avīcimhi eva pana abbudagaṇanāya paccanokāso 『『abbudo nirayo』』ti vutto. Esa nayo nirabbudādīsupi. Tattha vassagaṇanāpi evaṃ veditabbā yathāha 『『sataṃsatasahassāni koṭi hoti evaṃ sataṃsahassakoṭiyo pakoṭi nāma. Sataṃsatasahassapakoṭiyo koṭipakoṭi nāma. Sataṃ satasahassakoṭipakoṭiyo nahutaṃ. Sataṃsatasahassanahutāni ninnahutaṃ. Sataṃsatasahassaninnahutāni eko abbudo. Tato vīsatiguṇo nirabbudo. Esa nayo sabbattha ayañca gaṇanā aparicitānaṃ dukkarā』』ti vuttaṃ taṃ na sukaraṃ saṅkhātu』nti keci pana tattha paridevanānattenapi kammakaraṇanānattenapi imāni nāmāni laddhānīti vadanti. Aparepi vānakāraṇehīti ṭīkānetti. Yathā ca dīghavidassaāghātā ca buddhantaraṃ saṭṭhiyojanamattena attabhāvena uttāno patito mahāniraye paccati yathā ca, tassa diṭṭhiabhirucitāni pañca kulasatāni tasseva sahabyataṃ uppannāni mahāniraye paccanti.

這是完整的簡體中文翻譯: 如是等種種善人在世間極難獲得。相反,即使不尋求也能遇到愚人惡人。這些愚人使親近他們的人沉溺於輪迴之苦,不能出離生死。如是,富蘭那迦葉等六師,提婆達多、俱迦利迦、目德迦帝沙、犍陀提婆之子、沙目陀達多、金遮摩那維迦等,以及過去世中受長久痛苦者,這些及其他類似的眾生都是愚人,如同著火的房屋,以自己的邪執毀滅自己和聽從他們話語的人。如是,因為提婆達多,阿阇世王、俱迦利迦等其他人都墮入惡趣。阿阇世王在聽聞沙門果經時,若未曾殺父,應證得預流果,但因殺父而未證得道果,將在鐵鍋地獄中煮六萬年後解脫,未來將成為辟支佛。俱迦利迦因不恭敬舍利弗、目犍連長老,墮入以蓮花計數的大地獄處所蓮花地獄......某比丘說:"俱迦利迦比丘因對舍利弗、目犍連生起嗔恨心而墮入地獄。"其中"某比丘"是指一位姓名不著名的比丘,他問道:"世尊,在蓮花地獄中壽命有多長?"世尊如是說:"比丘,地獄中壽命很長,不易計算若干年、若干百年、若干千年或若干十萬年。""世尊,能作譬喻嗎?""可以,比丘。"世尊說:"比丘,譬如有二十佉梨的拘薩羅國芝麻車,若有人每過一百年、一千年取出一粒芝麻,這二十佉梨的拘薩羅國芝麻車以這種方式會更快耗盡,但一個阿浮陀地獄的時間尚未窮盡。比丘,如二十個阿浮陀地獄等於一個尼羅浮陀地獄"等。二十佉梨是以摩揭陀量器計算,拘薩羅國的一缽等於四摩揭陀缽。以那缽計算,四缽為一阿拉卡,四阿拉卡為一陀那,四陀那為一馬尼卡,四馬尼卡為一佉梨。以此佉梨計二十佉梨為一芝麻車。芝麻車即芝麻車載。阿浮陀地獄並非獨立的地獄,而是在阿鼻地獄中以阿浮陀數計算受苦處所,故稱"阿浮陀地獄"。尼羅浮陀等也是同樣。其中年數計算應如是知,如說:"百千俱胝為一巴俱胝。百千巴俱胝為一俱胝巴俱胝。百千俱胝巴俱胝為一那由他。百千那由他為一尼那由他。百千尼那由他為一阿浮陀。尼羅浮陀是其二十倍。"處處皆同理。這種計算對不熟悉的人很難,故說"不易計算"。有些人說這些名稱是根據哭聲的不同和受刑方式的不同而得。其他人說是根據拷問方式而得,如註疏所說。又如提伽維達薩因嗔恨,以六十由旬大的身體仰臥投生大地獄受苦。又如隨從他見解的五百戶人家也隨他投生大地獄受苦。

Vuttañcetaṃ bhagavatā 『『seyyathāpi bhikkhave naḷāgāraṃ vā tiṇāgāraṃ vā aggiphuṭṭho kūṭāgārāni dahati ullittāvalittāni nivātāni phusitaggaḷāni pihita vātapānāni evameva kho bhikkhave yānikānici bhayāni uppajjanti, sabbāni bālato uppajjanti, no paṇḍitato yekeci upaddavā uppajjanti, no paṇḍitato, yekeci upasaggā…pe… no paṇḍitato. Iti kho bhikkhave sappaṭibhayo bālo appaṭibhayo paṇḍito saupaddavo bālo anupaddavo paṇḍito, saupasaggo bālo anupasaggo paṇḍitoti. Api ca pūtimacchasadiso bālo, pūtimacchabaddhapatta putisadiso hoti tadupasevī. Chaḍḍanīyataṃ jigucchanīyatañca āpajjati viññūnaṃ vuttampi cetaṃ nāradajātake.

『『Pūtimacchaṃ kusaggena, yo naro upanayhati;

Kusāpi pūti vāyanti, evaṃ bālūpasevanā』』ti.

Akattipaṇḍitocāpi sakkena devānamindena vare diyyamāne evamāha

『『Bālaṃ na passe na suṇe, na ca bālena saṃvase;

Bālenā』llāpasallāpaṃ, na kare na ca rocaye.

Kiṃnu te akaraṃ bālo, vada kassapa kāraṇaṃ;

Kena kassapa bālassa, dassanaṃ nābhikaṅkhasi.

Anayaṃ nayati dummedho, adhurāyaṃ niyuñjati;

Dunnayo seyyaso hoti, sammā vutto pakuppati;

Vinayaṃ so na jānāti, sādhu tassa adassana』』nti.

Evaṃ bāladujjanasaṃsaggavaseneva sabbāni bhayupaddavāni uppajjanti, no paṇḍitasevanavasenātisabbaso sappurisā atidullabhāva.

Idāni.

『『Dullabhañca manussattaṃ, buddhuppādo ca dullabho;

Dullabhā khaṇasampatti, saddhammo paramadullabho』』ti.

這是完整的簡體中文翻譯: 世尊如是說:"諸比丘,如蘆屋或草屋被火焚燒時,會燒及塗抹完好、防風、門閂緊固、窗戶關閉的樓房。同樣,諸比丘,一切生起的怖畏,都從愚人而生,不從智者而生;一切生起的災禍,不從智者而生;一切障礙......不從智者而生。如是,諸比丘,愚人有怖畏,智者無怖畏;愚人有災禍,智者無災禍;愚人有障礙,智者無障礙。"而且,愚人如腐魚,親近愚人者如包裹腐魚的葉子,為智者所棄捨厭惡。如在那羅陀本生經中所說: "若人以草包腐魚,草葉也將生臭氣; 如是親近愚人者,必受愚人之薰染。" 阿吉底賢者當帝釋天王給予恩惠時如是說: "勿見愚人勿聞聲,不應與愚人同住; 與愚人莫交談論,無需對此生歡喜。 愚者於我何所為?迦葉請說其因由; 為何汝不願見愚?迦葉請為我解說。 愚者引匯入邪道,使人從事非正業; 難教導者更頑劣,受教誨反生嗔怒; 彼不通達于律儀,不見此人最為善。" 如是,一切怖畏災禍都因與愚人惡人交往而生,不因親近智者而生,故善人確實極難獲得。 現在: "人身難得佛難遇,善時難得法難聞;"

Imissā gāthāya vaṇṇanākkamo sampatto. Tattha dullabhañca manussattanti manussabhāvopi dullabhoyeva manussassa dullabhabhāvo kāṇakacchapopamādīhi veditabbo eko kira kassako gaṅgātīre tīṇi saṃvaccharāni kasitvā kiñcimattampi alabhitvā naṅgalaphālaṃ dvedhā bhinditvā gaṅgāyaṃ khipi tena gaṅgānadiyā vāhena eko uddhaṃ eko heṭṭhāti evaṃ dve naṅgalaphālakā gaṅgāyaṃ vuyhantā cirena eko uddhaṃ eko heṭṭhāti dve ekato hutvā pākatikā yujjanti tasmiṃ khaṇe vassasatavassasahassaccayena ekavāraṃ ummujjamāno kāṇakacchapo ummujjamānakkhaṇe tassa gīvā dvinnaṃ naṅgalaphālānamantare hoti ayaṃ kālo dullabhova evameva manussattabhāvopi dullabhoyeva tathāhi manussattabhāvaṃ alabhitvāva nirayapetaasurakāyatiracchānabhūmīsuyeva saṃsaritvā sīsampi ukkhipituṃ alabhantā ekabuddhantarā dve buddhantarā tayo buddhantarā cattāro buddhantarā ekāsaṅkhyeyyavasena niraye paccanakasattānaṃ gaṇanapathaṃ vītivattā, tathā petaasurakāyatiracchānabhūmīsupi atikhuddakena attabhāvena tilabījasāsapabījassa catupañcachasattaaṭṭhakalabhāgamatteneva aṅguliyā patiṭṭhitaṭṭhānamatteyeva bhūmipadese nisinnānaṃ atikhuddakasattānaṃ gaṇanapathampi vītivattā te hi gaṇituṃ iddhimantapuggale ṭhapetvā añño ko nāma sakkhissati tehi mohandhabhāvena kaṇhasukkapakkhampi ajānantā anekesu buddhasatesu vā buddhasahassesu vā uppajjamānesupi buddhotisaddaṃ asutvā vītivattā, evaṃ manussattabhāvopi dullabhoyeva. Manussattabhāve labhamānepi buddhuppādakālo atidullabhova. Buddhuppādakālepi sammādiṭṭhi hutvā kusalūpapattisaṅkhātā khaṇasampatti dullabhāva, saddhammadesakassāpi dullabhattā, tasmimpi sati aṅgavikalabhāvena saddhammasavanassāpi dullabhattāti evamādippabhedā manussattabhāvādikā khaṇasampattiyo dullabhāti veditabbā. Dullabhā khaṇasampattīti kusalūpapattisaṅkhātā khaṇasampatti dullabhāyeva tathā hi paccantavisaya arūpaasaññasattatiracchānapetanerayikakāle vā majjhimadesepi cakkhādiaṅgavikalevā paripuṇṇaaṅgabhāvepi micchādiṭṭhibhūtā vā kusalūpapattisaṅkhātā khaṇā na honti paccantavisaye hi pavattā janā pāṇātipātādidasaakusalakammapatheyeva ramanti abhiramanti, caṇḍasabhāvā ca te honti, ratanattayaguṇampi na jānanti. Arūpinopi puggalā paratoghosavirahitattā sotāpattimaggapaṭilābhopi tesaṃ natthi, buddhadassanādīnipi na labhanti. Asaññasattatiracchānapetanerayikakālesu pana pageva pūritapāramīnaṃ sattānaṃ pavattanampi abbohārikaṃ, sammādiṭṭhikule jāyamānāpi cakkhuvikalena buddhasaṅgharatanānaṃ adassanaṃ, sotavikalena dhammasavanatopi hāyati eḷamūgādibhāvena kusalasamādānā na honti. Aṅgasampannepi micchādiṭṭhibhāvena dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇaasītianubyañjanabyāmappabhāparikkhittaṃ sabbajanānaṃ nayanarasāyatanabhūtaṃ sabbaññubuddhampi disvā pasādasommena cakkhunā oloketabbampi na maññanti manopadosavaseneva yugaggāhā hutvā yamakapāṭihāriyakālādīsu anekepi micchādiṭṭhino mahāniraye uppajjanti. Evaṃ kusalūpapattikhaṇasampattipi dullabhāyeva.

『『Dullabhañca manussattaṃ, buddhuppādo ca dullabho;

Dullabhā khaṇasampatti, saddhammo paramadullabho』』ti.

Imissā gāthāya attho vuttoyeva.

這是完整的簡體中文翻譯: 現到了解說這首偈頌的時候。其中"人身難得"是說,人的狀態確實難得,人身難得應從瞎眼龜的譬喻等來理解。據說有一個農夫在恒河邊耕種三年,一無所獲,把犁頭折成兩半扔進恒河,兩片犁頭被河水沖走,一片上游一片下游,這樣經過很長時間后,兩片犁頭又在一起合為一體。正在這時,每過百年千年才浮出水面一次的瞎眼龜,在浮出水面的瞬間,它的脖子正好套在兩片犁頭之間。這個時機確實難得。同樣,人身也確實難得。如是,未得人身而只在地獄、餓鬼、阿修羅、畜生界輪迴,連抬頭都做不到的眾生,有的在地獄受苦一佛時期、兩佛時期、三佛時期、四佛時期、一阿僧祇劫,其數量超出計算範圍。同樣,在餓鬼、阿修羅、畜生界中,以極小身形,只有芝麻籽、芥子籽的四分之一、五分之一、六分之一、七分之一、八分之一大小,只能棲息在手指尖那麼大的地方的極小眾生,其數量也超出計算範圍。除了具有神通的人,誰能計算它們?他們因愚癡連黑白月也不知道,即使數百數千佛出世,也未曾聽聞"佛陀"之聲而度過。如是人身確實難得。 即使獲得人身,佛陀出世的時期也極難得。即使在佛陀出世時期,成為正見者所獲得的善機也確實難得,因為說正法者難得,即使有說法者,因根器不全而聞法也難得。應知像這樣的種種人身等善機確實難得。"善機難得"是說,獲得善法的機緣確實難得。如是,在邊地、無色界、無想天、畜生、餓鬼、地獄時,或在中土也因眼等根不全,或雖諸根具足卻持邪見,都無法獲得善機。生在邊地的人只喜好殺生等十不善業道,性情暴戾,不知三寶功德。無色界眾生因無法聽聞他人教導,甚至無法證得預流道果,也得不到見佛等機緣。至於無想天、畜生、餓鬼、地獄時期,即使是已圓滿波羅蜜的眾生也無法修行。即使出生在正見家庭,眼根不全則見不到佛寶僧寶,耳根不全則聞不到法,啞巴等狀態則不能受持善法。即使諸根具足,因邪見而見到具足三十二大人相、八十種隨形好、光明照耀、為一切人眼中甘露的正等覺者,也不以凈信之眼觀看,反而因心生嗔恨而執持邪見,如在雙神變等時期,許多邪見者往生大地獄。如是善機確實難得。 "人身難得佛難遇,善時難得法難聞。" 這首偈頌的含義已經說完。

Iti sāgarabuddhittheraviracite sīmavisodhane

Pakiṇṇakakaṇḍo nāma pañcamo paricchedo.

Evaṃ satthuparinibbānato vassasataccayena patiṭṭhite isinā kāritattā』 isinagara』nti laddhanāme dvattapādibhūpālānaṃ nivāsaṭṭhānabhūte sīrikhettanagare erāvatiyā nadiyā pārimatīrabhūte pabbatasānumhi patiṭṭhitassa kañcanavaramahāthūpassa dāyakassa satvivamahādhammarañño kāle sāsanassa dvisahassasatādhikaekatiṃsatime vasse sāsane paṭiladdhasaddhānaṃ kulaputtānaṃ mahājānikaraṇavasena vimativinodaniyā vuttavacanaṃ saddayuttiatthayuttivasena sādhukaṃ avicinitvā nadiyā udakukkhepaṃ akatvā upasampadā kammassa kāritattā sāsane parājayamāpanne kulaputte upārambhakaraṇavasena sīmavipattihārako sīmasampattippakāsako gantho pavattati.

Ettāvatā ca sirikhettanagaragocaragāmena satvivamahādhammarājagurubhūtena mahāveyyākaraṇena tipiṭakadharena』saddhammakovido』ti pākaṭa nāmadheyyena mahātherena upajjhāyo hutvā paññādhipatīnaṃ nivāsabhūte pacchimajinacakkasāsanavare vāsigaṇācariyena gaṇavācakena vinayadharena mahāsāminā ca, rājagurunā tipiṭakanāgattherena ca ācariyo hutvā vejjakammajaṅghapesanakammādivasena anesanaṃ pahāya sammā ājīvena visuddhājīvehi saṅghagaṇehi kārakasaṅghā hutvā sirikhettanagarassa dakkhiṇadisābhāge dīghapabbatasānumhi erāvatiyā nadiyā tīre vālikapuḷine sīmāpekkhāya saha udakukkhepaṃ katvā pavattāya udakukkhepasīmāya dasadhā byañjanavipattiṃ akatvā ṭhānārahena ñatticatutthena kammena upasampadāya vīsativassena sāgarabuddhīti garūhi gahitanāmadheyyena bhikkhunā racito sāsanavipattihārako sīmavisodhanī nāma gantho samatto.

Ettāvatā vibhattā hi, sappabhedappavattikā;

Sīmavisodhanīhesā, nipuṇā sādhucintitā.

Sirikhettāti paññāte, pure aparanāmake;

Dakkhiṇeyyadisābhāge, uccanena katālaye.

Vasanto bhikkhu nāmena, sāgarabuddhīti vissuto;

Puṇṇe vīsativassamhi, ganthoyaṃ sādhucintito.

Mayāyaṃ racito gantho, niṭṭhappatto anākulo;

Evaṃ pāṇinaṃ sabbe, sīghaṃ sijjhantu saṅkappā.

Yāva buddhotināmampi lokajeṭṭhassa tādino;

Tāva tiṭṭhatu yaṃ gantho, sāsane hārayaṃ tamaṃ.

Uddhaṃ yāva bhavaggā ca, adho yāva avīcito;

Samantā cakkavāḷesu, ye sattā pathavīcarā.

Tepi sabbe mayā hontu, samasamavipākino;

Ciraṃ jīvatu no rājā, sāsanassa ujjotako.

Dibbanto rājadhammena, arogo saha ñātibhi;

Anena puññakammena, bhaveyyaṃ jātijātiyaṃ.

Sāsanaṃ jotayantova, sakyaputtassa sāsane;

Yadā nassati saddhammo, andhībhūto mahītale;

Devaloke tadā hessaṃ, tusite ṭhānamuttameti.

Sīmavisodhanī niṭṭhitā.

這是完整的簡體中文翻譯: 這是由海智長老所著《界限清凈》中 第五章雜項品。 如是在導師般涅槃后一百年,在因仙人建造而得名"仙人城",作為德瓦塔帕等王的居住處的吉祥城(室利謝底城),在伊洛瓦底河對岸山麓建立的金色殊勝大塔的施主,是薩特維瓦大法王時期,在佛教二千三十一年,因令獲得信仰的善男子蒙受大損失,未善加考察《疑惑消除》中所說的文句是否合乎文法和義理,未作河水界標記而授具足戒,導致教法衰敗,善男子受誹謗,因此有這部破除界限過失、顯明界限圓滿的著作流傳。 至此,這部由吉祥城(室利謝底城)境內村莊出身,為薩特維瓦大法王之師,大文法家,持三藏,以"正法通達者"聞名的大長老為戒師,在般若為主的住處,後期佛陀教法中,由住眾導師、誦經師、持律師大沙彌和王師三藏龍長老為阿阇黎,捨棄醫術、送信等非法活命,以正命為生的清凈僧眾作為作法僧團,在吉祥城南方長山山麓伊洛瓦底河岸沙灘上,為求結界而作水界標記,在已作水界標記的界內,不犯十種文句過失,以適合之處的白四羯磨受具足戒滿二十年,被師長取名為海智的比丘所著、能除教法過失的《界限清凈》完畢。 至此分別已說,具諸支分轉, 此界限清凈,細密善思惟。 吉祥城著名,別名所不知, 南方高處造,住處甚莊嚴。 比丘名海智,二十年圓滿, 此論善思惟,著作已告成。 我造此著作,完成無混亂, 愿諸眾生愿,速得成就滿。 乃至世間尊,佛陀之名在, 愿此論住世,除暗顯教法。 上至有頂天,下至無間獄, 周遍輪圍內,所有地行眾。 愿彼等眾生,平等得善果, 愿我王長壽,光顯于教法。 以王法照耀,無病眷屬俱, 以此功德力,愿我生生世。 常顯佛子教,正法若滅時, 世間成黑暗,我願生兜率, 住彼最勝處。 《界限清凈》竟。

抱歉,我看到您要求翻譯巴利文,但您的訊息中似乎沒有附上需要翻譯的巴利文文字。請提供您想要翻譯的巴利文內容,我會按照您的要求: 完整直譯成簡體中文 不對照輸出巴利文 一次性完整輸出 不意譯縮略省略 保留重複內容 在章節編號後加反斜槓 保持詩歌對仗形式 在括號中註解可考證的古代地名的現代名稱 請提供需要翻譯的巴利文文字,我會嚴格按照這些要求為您翻譯。

B040803Vessantaragīti(韋山達羅頌) c3.5s

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.

Vessantarāgīti

[Ka]

Bāttiṃsalakkhaṇūpeta ,

Dātabbaṃ dadataṃ vara;

Vessantaratta māpādi,

Sañcaraṃ bhavasāgare.

[Kha]

Dvandaṃdvandaṃ sañcarantī,

Janānande yasodhīre;

Maddittaṃ samupāgañchi,

Tvaṃpitena bhavaṇṇave.

[Ga]

Tumhaṃdāni pavakkhāmi,

Upattiṃ nandiniṃ tahiṃ;

Dajjahvovo mamokāsaṃ,

Kavayo pyābhinandatha.

1.

Ekanavutehito kappe,

Vipassīnāma nāyako;

Vineyye tārayaṃkhemaṃ,

Loke uppajjicakkhumā.

2.

Khemārāmamhi sambuddho,

Migadāye manorame;

Nissāya bandhumatiṃso,

Vihāsi nagaraṃtadā.

3.

Rajjaṃdhammena kāresi,

Nagaretamhi bandhumā;

Rājātassa duvedhītā,

Āsuṃ sabbaṅgasobhaṇā.

4.

Ekohi ekadārājā,

Bandhumassa supesayi;

Sahassagghanikaṃ soṇṇa-

Mālañcā naggha candanaṃ.

5.

Adāsi bandhumārājā,

Pitājeṭṭhāya candanaṃ;

Soṇṇamālaṃ kaniṭṭhāya,

Tahiṃ viyāya dhītuyā.

6.

Ubhotāpīti cintesuṃ,

Natthatthovata tehino;

Bhagyavantassa pūjema,

Saṃpasādena cetasā.

7.

Tatosācandanaṃ cuṇṇaṃ-

Kārāpetvāna jeṭṭhakā;

Gantvāna vihāraṃ soṇṇa,

Vaṇṇaṃpūjesi nāyakaṃ.

8.

Vikiritvā tu sāgandha,

Kuṭiyaṃ sesacandanaṃ;

Evañhi patthanaṃ kāsi,

Buddhamātā bhavāmahaṃ.

9.

Kāretvā soṇṇamālaṃtu,

Uracchada pasādanaṃ;

Pūjesi hemavaṇṇaṃsā,

Bhagavantaṃ kaniṭṭhakā.

10.

Evampi patthanaṃkāsi,

Idaṃmama pasādanaṃ;

Sarīre niccalā ṭhātu,

Carantiyā bhavābhavaṃ.

11.

Ubhopi rājakaññātā,

Ṭhatvāna yāvatā yukaṃ;

Upapajjiṃsu sovaggaṃ,

Cutāsukha pamodanaṃ.

12.

Manussadeva lokesu,

Saṃsariṃsu sukhaṃduve;

Ekanavuti kappāni,

Muccitvā pāyadukkhato.

13.

Kassapassa kāletāsu,

Kaniṭṭhā kikirājino;

Dhītā uracchadānāma,

Hutvāna parinibbutā.

14.

Jeṭṭhakā pana dhītāsi,

Kikissa rājino tahiṃ;

Dhammānāma damitā sā,

Komāra brahmacārinī.

15.

Tatoca vitvāna sā deva,

Manussesu punappunaṃ;

Saṃsarantī mahesīsi,

Pūrindadassa ekadā.

16.

Rattacandana lepena,

Limpita dehinī hisā;

Katapuñña visesena,

Nāmena phussatīhvitā.

17.

Devindo aññadādisvā,

Parikkhīṇāyukaṃ viyaṃ;

Deviṃ taṃ parivārena,

Mahatā nesinandanaṃ.

18.

Sirīsayana piṭṭhamhi,

Taṃsayāviya māghavā;

Ṭhito sayanapassamhi,

Phussatiṃ etadabravī.

19.

Varetedasadassāmi,

Phussatevaravaṇṇike;

Tvaṃñhiicchasiyeladdhuṃ,

Labhāpessāmitevare.

20.

Sutvātaṃ phussatīdevī,

Lomahaṃ sanarūpinī;

Khīṇāyutamajānantī,

Attano etadabravī.

21.

Pāpaṃnu tvayi deviṃnda,

Kataṃme appiyāthate;

Rammāme cavanaṃ icchaṃ,

Maññebhaṇaṃti īdisaṃ.

22.

Natebhadde kataṃpāpaṃ,

Nacame appiyātuvaṃ;

Puññaṃtute parikkhīṇaṃ,

Tasmā te vaṃvadāmahaṃ.

23.

Santike maraṇaṃ tuyhaṃ,

Vinābhāvo bhavissati;

Paṭiggaṇhāhi me ete,

Varedasa pavacchato.

24.

Sakkassavacanaṃ sutvā,

Ñātvāmaraṇa mattano;

Varesā laddhumicchantī,

Devindameta dabravī.

25.

Ito cutāsahassakkhi,

Sīvirājanivesane;

Mahesī phussatīnāma,

Nīlanettā yathāmigī.

26.

Assaṃ nīlabhamukāhaṃ,

Labheyyaṃ puttamuttamaṃ;

Dhārenti yācamegabbhaṃ,

Majjhimaṅgaṃ anunnataṃ.

27.

Palitāna virūhantu,

Alambāca payoro;

Kāyerajo nalimpetha,

Vajjhañcāpi pamocaye.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 皈敬世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者。 韋山達羅頌 [甲] 具足三十二相, 佈施諸善之最; 韋山達羅本性, 輪迴生死海中。 [乙] 雙雙相隨而行, 民眾歡喜賢德; 于輪迴海之中, 已得瑪帝成就。 [丙] 今為諸位宣說, 彼處喜悅緣起; 請諸位與我機, 詩人皆當隨喜。 1 九十一劫之前, 有名毗婆尸導師; 引導眾生趣安, 具眼者現世間。 2 正覺住安樂園, 鹿野美妙園中; 依止班都馬帝, 那時住此城中。 3 班都馬以正法, 治理此城國政; 國王有二公主, 容貌端莊殊勝。 4 有一國王贈送, 班都馬王珍物; 價值千兩黃金, 金飾與貴檀香。 5 班都馬王賜予, 長女得檀香木; 次女得金飾品, 此二女皆歡喜。 6 二人心生歡喜, 思量此無他用; 應供養有福者, 以虔誠之心意。 7 於是長女磨碎, 檀香製成香粉; 前往精舍供養, 黃金色之導師。 8 散撒餘下香粉, 遍佈精舍四周; 如是發願祈請, 愿為佛陀之母。 9 次女則以金飾, 作為胸飾莊嚴; 供養金色世尊, 虔誠作禮供養。 10 如是發願祈請, 以此虔誠供養; 愿飾常住身上, 生生世世不離。 11 二位王家公主, 壽盡時節已到; 往生歡喜天界, 離世得享安樂。 12 在人天諸界中, 二人輪迴快樂; 九十一劫之中, 解脫諸多苦厄。 13 迦葉佛時其中, 次女為基基王, 公主名優羅查, 后證般涅槃果。 14 長女彼時亦為, 基基王之公主; 法名調御者她, 童貞修梵行者。 15 其後離世往生, 人天之中輪迴; 后為大天女時, 生為帝釋之後。 16 紅檀塗抹全身, 身光照耀端嚴; 因昔殊勝福德, 名為富沙蒂者。 17 天帝某時見她, 壽命將盡征相; 與大眷屬相隨, 引往難陀園中。 18 吉祥臥榻之上, 帝釋立於床側; 注視臥榻之畔, 告富沙蒂如是。 19 美貌富沙蒂啊, 我今賜汝十愿; 但凡汝之所愿, 我必令汝滿足。 20 富沙蒂天女聞, 身毛豎立驚懼; 不知壽命將盡, 如是回答天帝。 21 天帝我于汝前, 可曾造作惡業; 欲令我離天界, 故作如是言耶。 22 貴妃汝無惡業, 於我亦非不悅; 只因汝福將盡, 是故我告知汝。 23 汝之命終已近, 終須分離別去; 請接受我所賜, 此十種殊勝愿。 24 聞得帝釋之言, 知曉己命將終; 愿求諸愿成就, 告知天帝如是。 25 我願離此天界, 生於尸毗王宮; 為后名富沙蒂, 眼如鹿目青蓮。 26 愿我容貌端嚴, 得生最勝之子; 所懷胎兒安穩, 腰身不過粗細。 27 白髮永不生長, 雙乳不下垂墜; 塵土不染此身, 免除死刑之厄。

28.

Yeyācitā varābhadde,

Tayādasa mayātava;

Dinnāte tuṭṭhacittena,

Sabbelacchasi mānuse.

29.

Tatocavitvāna sādeva-

Lokā nibbatti icchiyaṃ;

Mahesiyā paṭisandhi-

Vasena maddarājino.

30.

Dasamā saccayenesā,

Dhītaraṃ maddarājinī;

Heṭṭhāsusetacchattassa,

Vijāyi seṭṭharūpiniṃ.

31.

Rattacandana lepena,

Esālimpi tadehinī;

Tenassā brāhmaṇānāmaṃ,

Akaṃsu phussatīiti.

32.

Saññākāra doḷāruḷa-

Maṅgalādīni kātuna;

Mahatā parihārena,

Posiṃsu khattiyāniyo.

33.

Madhūrakhīra sampannā,

Siniddhapīṇa yobbanā;

Dhātiyo khattiyānītaṃ,

Khīraṃpāyiṃsu yāpanaṃ.

34.

Saṅkamantīva vuddhāsā,

Aṅkāaṅkaṃ karākaraṃ;

Rājakaññāca tosiṃsu,

Naccagītehi nāṭakī.

35.

Devaccharāvarūpena,

Subhāsoḷasa vassikā;

Harantī nettarasaṃsā,

Passantānaṃsukhedhitā.

36.

Siviraṭṭhe tadārajjaṃ,

Sivirājā jetuttare;

Kāresisiñcayonāma,

Puttotassa mahāyaso.

37.

Vayappatto bhirūposi,

Devaputtova siñcayo;

Aroha pariṇāhena,

Nānāsibbesu kovido.

38.

Siñcayassa niyyādesi,

Rajjaṃputtassa attano;

Jīvanto passituṃrāja-

Siriṃicchaṃ mahārahaṃ.

39.

Ānetvā maddarājassa,

Dhītaraṃ phussatiṃtahiṃ;

Soḷasitthi sahassānaṃ,

Mahesiṃkāsi jeṭṭhikaṃ.

40.

Phussatīsiñcayoññoñña-

Mukhaṃdvepiyacakkhunā;

Passamānāvaacchiṃsu,

Aññamaññapiyaṃvadā.

41.

Athacinti yadevindo,

Dinnāphussatiyāmayā;

Varādasa tesuputta-

Varonahisamijjhati.

42.

Samijjhā pesāmietaṃti,

Ajeyyebhidasālaye;

Upadhāritthatissāya,

Puttabhāvārahaṃmaruṃ.

43.

Cavitvāhuuddhaṃgāmī ,

Bodhidevotatotahiṃ;

Brahmaṃgantvāsahassakkhī,

Tassataṃetadabravī.

44.

Ito bho sugatiṃgaccha,

Anukampāhimarisa;

Siñcayaṃdeviyaṃtassa,

Sandhiṃ gaṇhajutindhara.

45.

Aññepi saṭṭhisahassa-

Deve cavana dhammine;

Upasaṅkamma soyāci,

Gacchahvo sugatiṃiti.

46.

Bodhisattoca aññeca,

Sādhūti sampaṭicchisuṃ;

Tatocutā catedevā,

Āguṃ mānusakaṃimaṃ.

47.

Phussatyaṃhi mahāsatto,

Nibbatti paṭisandhiyā;

Kulesvaññeca maccānaṃ,

Nibbattiṃsu visuṃvisuṃ.

48.

Kucchiṅgate mahāsatte,

Devī do haḷinīahu;

Dātukāmā mahādānaṃ,

Visajjiya buhuṃdhanaṃ.

49.

Rājamandiradvāramhi,

Vemajjhenagarassaca;

Catudvāresuchaddāna-

Sālāyo deyyapūritā.

50.

Kārāpetvāna chassata-

Sahassāni dinedine;

Visajjitvāna sabbesaṃ,

Icchantī āsidātave.

51.

Utvātaṃ kāraṇaṃrājā,

Pakkosāviya brāhmaṇe;

Nimitta pāṭhakepucchi,

Kiṃ bhavissatītiñātave.

52.

Jānāma no mahārāja,

Gatokucchimhi deviyā;

Hehitya bhiratodāne,

Evaṃvadiṃsu brāhmaṇā.

53.

Brāhmaṇānaṃ vacosutvā,

Narindo tuṭṭhamānaso;

Dānaṃadāsi chaddāna-

Sālāyo suṭṭhumāviya.

54.

Paṭisandhiggahaṇamhā,

Bodhisattassa viññuno;

Paṭṭhāyaṇṇava vegova,

Lābhoḷāro anappako.

55.

Paṇṇākāraṃ pahiṇiṃsu,

Rājino jambumaṇḍale;

Bodhisattā nubhāvena,

Nānāraṭṭhindakhattiyā.

56.

Parihāraṃ pavacchesi,

Mahesiṃ paṭisandhiniṃ;

Rājāsukhaṃ vasāpesi,

Kāresiicchiticchitaṃ.

57.

Buddhaṅkurānubhāvena,

Janāsuṃ modamānasā;

Kālevassatimeghopi,

Subhikkhosamayoahu.

58.

Saddhiṃputtena juṇhāya,

Kiḷantiyāvamātuyā;

Mahantīratisabbesaṃ,

Janānaṃvipulātahiṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 28 貴婦你所求愿, 此十愿我已賜; 歡喜心中所授, 人間皆當實現。 29 其後離開天界, 如願投生人間; 入胎為瑪達王, 王后所生之女。 30 十月期滿之後, 瑪達王后產下; 白傘蓋護佑下, 生下最美公主。 31 紅檀香涂其身, 全身散發光華; 婆羅門因此故, 為其取名富沙蒂。 32 禮儀抱舉祝福, 諸多吉祥儀式; 以大恭敬供養, 剎帝利女養育。 33 甘美乳汁豐盈, 青春光華盎然; 剎帝利乳母眾, 哺育使其成長。 34 漸漸長大成人, 臂膀手足舒展; 王女以歌舞戲, 娛樂眾人歡喜。 35 宛如天界仙女, 十六歲貌端莊; 奪人眼目之美, 見者皆生歡喜。 36 尸毗國土當時, 尸毗王主治國; 勝軍為王子名, 威名遠播四方。 37 勝軍至成年時, 如天子般英俊; 身形高大魁梧, 諸藝皆通曉達。 38 勝軍被父王傳, 王位繼承大業; 國王愿生前見, 王子榮耀加冕。 39 迎娶瑪達王女, 富沙蒂為王后; 一萬六千妃嬪, 立她為第一后。 40 富沙蒂與勝軍, 四目相對凝視; 心心相印相愛, 情意綿綿深厚。 41 帝釋天想到時, 富沙蒂所求愿; 十愿中求子愿, 尚未得以實現。 42 為令其愿成就, 來至不敗天宮; 觀察尋找適合, 菩薩轉生之天。 43 上升菩薩天神, 彼處適時離世; 帝釋往梵天界, 如是告知于彼: 44 "請往善趣轉生, 憐憫眾生賢者; 入胎于勝軍王, 后妃富沙蒂處。" 45 復有六萬天神, 時至當離天界; 亦前往請求道: "請往善趣轉生。" 46 菩薩與諸天神, 善哉應允其請; 諸天神皆離世, 轉生至此人間。 47 大士入胎轉世, 投生富沙蒂腹; 其餘天眾亦往, 各自投生人間。 48 大士入胎之時, 王后生渴望心; 欲行廣大布施, 散盡無量財富。 49 王宮門前設施, 城中心與四門; 建造六所佈施, 堂宇盈滿財物。 50 每日施捨財物, 達六十萬之數; 普施一切眾生, 欲求佈施無厭。 51 國王知此因緣, 召集婆羅門眾; 詢問相術精通, 欲知此為何兆。 52 婆羅門眾答道: "大王我等已知; 王后腹中胎兒, 必喜佈施為樂。" 53 國王聞此預言, 心中生大歡喜; 六所佈施堂中, 廣施財物豐厚。 54 從智者菩薩始, 入胎結緣之時; 如海浪涌不絕, 利養廣大無量。 55 瞻部洲中諸王, 遣使獻禮物來; 因菩薩威德故, 各國君王敬仰。 56 王后懷胎期間, 獲得諸多供養; 國王令其安樂, 隨心所欲而行。 57 因佛種子威德, 眾生皆生歡喜; 時雨應時而降, 五穀豐登富足。 58 王后與胎中子, 月夜嬉戲歡樂; 一切民眾此時, 廣大歡喜無量。

59.

Gabbhaṃhi dhārentīdevī,

Dasamāsamhipūrite;

Nagaraṃdaṭṭhu kāmāsi,

Tadārocesirājino.

60.

Sādhubhaddeti vatvāna,

Puraṃdeva puraṃviya;

Rājā alaṅkarāpesi,

Deviyā pitivaḍḍhanaṃ.

61.

Āropiya tatodeviṃ,

Vicittaṃ lakkhikaṃrathaṃ;

Padakkhiṇaṃ kārāpesi,

Nagaraṃ sabbalaṅkataṃ.

62.

Vessānaṃ vīthiyāmajjhe,

Ṭhānāṭhānaṃ pathāpathaṃ;

Caliṃsu kammajāvātā,

Carantiyāva deviyā.

63.

Utvāmaccāpavattiṃtaṃ,

Raññorociṃsusīghaso;

Sutigehaṃkārāpesi,

Taṃvīthiyaṃvasiñcayo.

64.

Tatthasāvasamānāva,

Vijāyiakutobhayā;

Nimmalaṃsusuddhaṃputtaṃ,

Suvaṇṇakkhandhasannibhaṃ.

65.

Akkhīniummilitvāna ,

Nikkhantomātu kucchito;

Pasannappiyākārena,

Passittamātuyāmukhaṃ.

66.

Amma dānaṃ dadissāmi,

Atthinu kiñci tedhanaṃ;

Hattaṃso pasāretvāna,

Itibravitahiṃ muhuṃ.

67.

Sutvāmodiya taṃmātā,

Dehidānaṃ yathicchitaṃ;

Tātāti tassapādāsi,

Sahassatthavikaṃtahiṃ.

68.

Mahosadha vessantara-

Mahāsiddhattha jātisu;

Kathesi mātarābodhi-

Sasatto jātakkhaṇetisu.

69.

Acchera mabbhutaṃdisvā,

Janāmodiṃ sutāvade;

Apphoṭento hasantāca,

Jayanādaṃ panādayuṃ.

70.

Vessantaroti hvāyiṃsu,

Nāmaggahaṇa maṅgalaṃ;

Saṅkhatā brāhmaṇātassa,

Jātattā vessavīthiyaṃ.

71.

Vijāta divasetassa,

Ekāākāsacārinī;

Hatthinīhi sabbasetaṃ,

Ekaṃ kuñjaraposakaṃ.

72.

Bodhisattā nubhāvena,

Ānetvā maṅgalasammataṃ;

Thapetvāna pakkāmi,

Hatthisālāya sādhukaṃ.

73.

Uppannattāmahāsattaṃ ,

Tassakatvānapaccayaṃ;

Akaṃsunāgarānāmaṃ,

Samaggāpaccayoiti.

74.

Taddinevavijāyiṃsu,

Amaccānaṃkumārakā;

Gehesusaṭhisahassā,

Mahāsattasajātakā.

75.

Atidīghādayodose ,

Vivajjetvānasiñcayo;

Kumāraṃcatussaṭhikā,

Upaṭṭhāpesidhātiyo.

76.

Alambatthaniyocetā,

Bhirūpāyobbaneṭhitā;

Āsuṃmadhurathaññāyo,

Saṃsuddhāseṭṭhakoliyo.

77.

Sususaṭṭhisahassānaṃ ,

Ekekādhātiyotathā;

Buddhaṅkurasajātānaṃ,

Upaṭṭhāpesisuṃndarā.

78.

Saddhiṃ saṭṭhisahassehi,

Kumārehimahāyaso;

Mahatāparivārena,

Saṃvaḍḍhibodhisattavo.

76.

Rājāsatasahassaggha-

Nikaṃ susupiḷandhanaṃ;

Kārāpetvāvibhūsesi,

Attajaṃdānanandanaṃ.

80.

Omuñcitvānadhātīnaṃ ,

Taṃcatuppañcavassiko;

Adāsisomahāsatto,

Bodhiṃ apekkhamānaso.

81.

Punataṃtāhidhātīhi,

Diyyamānaṃpisādaraṃ;

Nasogaṇhitthakumāro,

Dinnesuanapekhavā.

82.

Ārociṃsupavattiṃtaṃ ,

Raññotādhātiyotadā;

Sutvāmuditacittena,

Taṃsothomitthaattajaṃ.

83.

Puttenamamadinnaṃtaṃ,

Brahmadeyyaṃpiḷandhanaṃ;

Tumhākaṃsantakaṃhotu,

Iccāpibravisiñcayo.

84.

Punāparaṃpikāretvā,

Pādāsiputtanandano;

Puttassadātukāmassa,

Suvicittapiḷandhanaṃ.

85.

Omuñcitvānaetaṃpi ,

Dhātīnaṃdāsidāyako;

Dārakotuṭṭhacittena,

Sabbaññutappiyāyano.

86.

Evaṃvutta nayeneva,

Nava vāre piḷandhanaṃ;

Daharodāsi dhātīnaṃ,

Nāthānātha parāyano.

87.

Aṭṭhavassi kakāletu,

Evaṃcintesi buddhimā;

Nisinno sirisayano,

Pāsādo parimaṇḍale.

88.

Demibāhira dānaṃva,

Natāva mama mānasaṃ;

Parito setievañhi,

Ajjhattikaṃdadāmahaṃ.

89.

Sacemaṃ kociyāceyya,

Sīsaṃsa moḷimuttadhaṃ;

Chijja taṃ tassadajjeyyaṃ,

Naheyyaṃ līnacetaso.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 59 王后懷胎期滿, 已屆十月之時; 生起遊覽之心, 向王表達心願。 60 王言"善哉賢后", 如天城般莊嚴; 國王令裝飾城, 令後心生歡喜。 61 安置美麗王后, 吉祥莊嚴車上; 令其環繞巡禮, 裝飾華麗王城。 62 商人街道中央, 處處各個路口; 業風突然吹起, 王后巡遊之時。 63 大臣聞知此事, 速往稟報國王; 勝軍王即命令, 此處建產房屋。 64 王后安住其中, 無懼安然產下; 無垢清凈王子, 宛如黃金之軀。 65 睜開雙眼之時, 初出母腹嬰兒; 以清凈慈愛相, 凝視母親面容。 66 "母親我欲佈施, 可有財物與我?" 伸出小手如是, 反覆詢問母親。 67 母聞心生歡喜, "隨意佈施吾兒"; 即時授予其子, 價值千兩錢袋。 68 如大慧者出生、 韋山達羅降世、 大悉達多誕生, 皆向母言說法。 69 見此稀有奇事, 眾人歡喜雀躍; 擊掌發出笑聲, 高呼勝利之音。 70 因生商人街中, 婆羅門為取名; 韋山達羅之名, 作為吉祥稱號。 71 誕生那天正是, 空中飛行象母; 帶來一頭幼象, 通身潔白無暇。 72 因菩薩威德力, 帶來吉祥之象; 置於象舍之中, 安置妥當離去。 73 大士降生之時, 以此為其緣由; 城中人皆稱其, 為"因緣"之美名。 74 同日誕生嬰兒, 大臣家生王子; 共有六萬王子, 與大士同時生。 75 勝軍王為太子, 選擇最佳乳母; 避開過長過短, 六十四人侍奉。 76 乳房不下垂者, 美貌正當盛年; 乳汁甘甜充盈, 高貴種姓清凈。 77 為六萬王子眾, 各設一位乳母; 皆與佛種同生, 選派美麗侍奉。 78 與六萬王子眾, 榮耀無比太子; 隨從浩大威儀, 菩薩如是成長。 79 國王命人制作, 價值十萬飾品; 為愛子添裝飾, 歡喜佈施之子。 80 四五歲時解下, 飾品贈予乳母; 大士如是佈施, 志求菩提果位。 81 乳母再三恭敬, 奉還飾品與他; 王子不再接受, 于施無所執著。 82 乳母稟報此事, 國王聞之歡喜; 讚歎愛子善行, 心中充滿喜悅。 83 "我子所施飾品, 如梵天賜之物; 今歸汝等所有", 勝軍王如是言。 84 又命人再製作, 賜予愛子飾品; 欲使王子佈施, 莊嚴美妙飾物。 85 佈施者再解下, 飾物贈予乳母; 王子心生歡喜, 志求一切智果。 86 如是循此方式, 九次施予飾品; 年幼即行佈施, 庇護無依之人。 87 至八歲時智者, 坐于吉祥寶座; 宮殿圍繞之中, 如是思維觀察: 88 "我雖行外佈施, 心意未得滿足; 若有人來乞求, 當施內財無悔。" 89 "若有人來乞求, 頭上莊嚴髮髻; 我必斷施與他, 決不吝嗇退縮。"

90.

Hadayaṃmama yāceyya,

Bhinditvā asināuraṃ;

Nīharitvānataṃtassa,

Dajjeyyaṃ tuṭṭhamānasā.

91.

Akkhīni mamayāceyya,

Uppāṭetvāna tāvade;

Satthena tassadajjeyyaṃ,

Salohitāni tānime.

92.

Hatthepādecakaṇṇeca ,

Yāceyyamamasādhukaṃ;

Chinditvā tānidajjeyyaṃ,

Tassapūre manorathaṃ.

93.

Maṃsaṃmekociyāceyya,

Sīghaṃsabbasarīrato;

Khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ chinditvāna,

Dajje maṃsaṃ salohitaṃ.

94.

Hohitvaṃmamadāsoti,

Vadeyyakocicetahiṃ;

Sayaṃāmātisāvetvā,

Attānaṃpi dadāmahaṃ.

95.

Tassevaṃ cintayantassa,

Kampittha pathavīmahā;

Samantāgajjamānāyaṃ,

Mattova kuñjarovane.

96.

Merurājo namitvāna-

Bhimukhova jetuttaraṃ;

Nagaraṃ ṭhāsi serita-

Vettaṅkurova tāvade.

97.

Mahīsaddasantāsena ,

Meghopāvassi tāvade;

Ghanavassaṃmahādhāraṃ,

Gajjamāno disodisaṃ.

98.

Nicchariṃsu bahūvijju-

Latāyoca samantato;

Indacāpā uṭṭhahiṃsu,

Ukkāpāto tadā ahu.

99.

Apphoṭesi tahiṃdeva-

Rājātuṭṭho sujampati;

Sādhusādhūti sāvesi,

Mahābrahmā katañcalī.

100.

Brahmalokā tadāyāva,

Itopathavi maṇḍalā;

Accheraṃ abbhutaṃ āsi,

Ekakolāhalaṃ mahā.

101.

Evaṃñhi nekabbhūtāni,

Janetvāna mahājanaṃ;

Hāsayaṃ susukhaṃvaḍḍha-

Mānosoḷasa vassiko.

102.

Kumāro sabbasibbesu,

Kovidoca pāraṅgato;

Phullasālova sobhanto,

Vaṇṇena vayasā tadā.

103.

Athassa dātukāmova,

Rajjaṃmantiya deviyā;

Pitāsi siñcirājatte,

Puttaṃsoḷasa vassikaṃ.

104.

Maddaraṭṭhe tadāmadda-

Rājakulā bhivaṇṇiniṃ;

Netvāmahe sittemaddiṃ-

Bhisiñci dhammacāriniṃ.

105.

Maddīmātuladhītāsā ,

Bhaginī mandahāsinī;

Vessantarakumārassa,

Seṭṭhalakkhaṇadhārinī.

106.

Pubbauṭṭhāyinī maddī,

Niccaṃ pacchānipātinī;

Manāpacārinī devī,

Kiṃkāra paṭisāvinī.

107.

Soḷasitthi sahassātaṃ,

Maddiṃsabbaṅga sobhaṇaṃ;

Naccavādita gītehi,

Paricāriṃsu sabbadā.

108.

Vessantaro mahārājā,

Rajjebhi sittakālato;

Paṭhāya dānasālāyo,

Chaddānaṃ dāsikāriya.

109.

Mahādānaṃ pavattesi,

Vissajjanto dinedine;

Sammodamāno chassata-

Sahassāni dhanāniso.

110.

Evaṃdāne ramantassa,

Mahesītassarājino;

Puttaṃvijāyiapara-

Bhāgemaddī sudassanaṃ.

111.

Sampaṭicchiṃsu vijāta-

Kāletaṃ soṇṇasannitaṃ;

Soṇṇa jālenatenassa,

Nāmaṃjālīti voharuṃ.

112.

Padasā gamane kāle,

Puttassa tassajālino;

Vijāyi dhītaraṃekaṃ,

Nārīnaṃ seṭṭhaṃsammataṃ.

113.

Kaṇhājinena dhītaṃtaṃ,

Sampaṭicchiṃsu sādaraṃ;

Tenassā dhituyānāmaṃ,

Kaṇhājināti voharuṃ.

114.

Mahatā parivārena,

Vuddhiṃnvāyiṃsu teduve;

Sayantā naccagītena,

Naccagīta pabodhanā.

115.

Mahāsattohi māsassa,

Chakkhattuṃ dānamaṇḍape;

Olokesi alaṅkata-

Hatthikkhandha vareṭhito.

116.

Tahiṃ kaliṅkaraṭṭhamhi,

Dubbuṭṭhikā bhayānakā;

Sassāni nasampajjiṃsu,

Dubbhikkho samayoahu.

117.

Corakammaṃ akariṃsu,

Asakkontāva jīvituṃ;

Janā nigamagāmesu,

Vilumpanti dāmarikā.

118.

Kaliṅkaraṭṭhaṃ sakalaṃ,

Dubbhikkhabhayapīḷitaṃ;

Ghaṭe vilolapārīva,

Saṅkhumbhittha anāthakaṃ.

119.

Negamā jānapadāsabbe,

Nāgarāca samaggatā;

Rājaṅgaṇe ukkosiṃsu,

Dubbhikkhabhaya coditā.

120.

Tadāsutvāna taṃrājā,

Sīghaṃubbigga mānasā;

Koyaṃsaddoti pucchittha,

Mahāmacce sakantike.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 90 若有人來乞求, 我心胸中心臟; 我必開胸取出, 歡喜施與彼人。 91 若有人來乞求, 我這雙眼珠者; 我必取出雙目, 連同鮮血施予。 92 手足與雙耳朵, 若有人來乞求; 我必斷除施與, 滿彼如是心願。 93 若人向我乞求, 遍身所有肌肉; 我必割截施與, 連同鮮血佈施。 94 若有人對我說, "你當爲我奴僕"; 我必答應"如是", 連身亦可佈施。 95 正當思維之時, 大地頓時震動; 如林中醉象般, 四方震響不已。 96 須彌山王傾身, 朝向勝軍城方; 此城如高舉起, 竹筍般屹立住。 97 大地聲響驚動, 天降及時甘霖; 密雲傾盆大雨, 雷聲響徹十方。 98 閃電遍空閃爍, 四面八方皆見; 彩虹耀空升起, 流星墜落此時。 99 天帝歡喜擊掌, 帝釋稱讚隨喜; 大梵天王合掌, "善哉善哉"讚歎。 100 從梵天界直至, 此地球圓之處; 稀有未曾有事, 一片歡騰之聲。 101 如是諸多奇事, 令眾生起歡喜; 歡樂增長成長, 直至十六歲時。 102 王子通達精通, 一切技藝學問; 如盛開娑羅樹, 容貌年華俱美。 103 其父欲傳王位, 與王后商議后; 為年僅十六歲, 之子舉行灌頂。 104 瑪達國中選出, 王族美麗少女; 迎娶瑪蒂為后, 正法而行之人。 105 瑪蒂是舅之女, 微笑如姐妹般; 為韋山達羅妃, 具足殊勝之相。 106 瑪蒂總是早起, 最後一個安寢; 舉止令人歡喜, 恭敬順從之人。 107 一萬六千侍女, 服侍美麗瑪蒂; 以歌舞音樂等, 常伴隨其左右。 108 韋山達羅大王, 自登基之時起; 設立佈施之堂, 六處常行佈施。 109 每日行大布施, 散盡無量財富; 歡喜佈施財物, 達六十萬之數。 110 如是樂於佈施, 大王之後瑪蒂; 後來又生一子, 容貌端正殊勝。 111 嬰兒初生之時, 以金網接生他; 因此為其取名, 名為札利王子。 112 當札利王子已, 學會行走之時; 瑪蒂又生一女, 女中最為殊勝。 113 以黑羚羊皮毯, 恭敬接生此女; 因此為其取名, 稱為黑羚羊女。 114 二子隨大眷屬, 漸漸成長茁壯; 以歌舞入眠起, 歌舞聲中長大。 115 大士每月六次, 在佈施堂之中; 騎坐裝飾大象, 巡視佈施之事。 116 彼時迦陵伽國, 遭遇可怕旱災; 農作物不豐收, 饑荒時期來臨。 117 人民無以為生, 紛紛行起盜竊; 鄉村市鎮之中, 盜賊劫掠橫行。 118 迦陵伽全國境, 饑荒恐懼所逼; 如鍋中沸騰水, 無依無助騷動。 119 城市鄉村百姓, 齊集一處商議; 王宮庭院集會, 因饑荒苦呼喊。 120 國王聞此聲響, 內心驚懼不安; 詢問近旁大臣: "此是何種聲響?"

121.

Ārocayiṃsu rājānaṃ,

Pavattiṃ taṃasesato;

Rājāpi paṭijānāsi,

Meghaṃ vassāpaye-iti.

122.

Tatoso patthanaṃkāsi,

Samādiya uposathaṃ;

Devaṃ vassāpanatthāya,

Sattāhaṃsattakāruṇo.

123.

Nahievaṃpisosakkhi ,

Vassāpetuṃ narissaro;

Meghaṃkaliṅka raṭṭhamhi,

Dubbuṭṭhikāva jāyahi.

124.

Tatoso sannipātetvā,

Nāgare etadabravī;

Vasāpetuṃ nasakkomi,

Devaṃ kiṃ nukare-iti.

125.

Tadāevamavociṃsu ,

Narākaliṅkarājino;

Devaṃ vassāpanatthāya,

Subhikkhakālakāmino.

126.

Siviraṭṭhemahārāja,

Rajjedhammenayoṭhito;

Jetuttaremahāvessa-

Ntaro siñcayaoraso.

127.

Dānesubhiratohesa,

Kiramaṅgalakuñjaro;

Tassatthipaccayonāma,

Pavarosabbapaṇḍaro.

128.

Gataṭhānekuñjarassa ,

Tassekantenakhattiya;

Pāvassikiragajjanto,

Mahāmeghosavijjuko.

129.

Pesetvābrāhmāṇerāja,

Yācāpetuṃsupaṇḍaraṃ;

Hatthiṃvaṭṭatitaṃtena,

Sīghaṃpesehibrāhmaṇe.

130.

Sampaṭicchiyasādhūti,

Sutvātaṃtuṭṭhamānaso;

Rājaṅgaṇamhirājāso,

Sannipātesibrāhmaṇe.

131.

Guṇavaṇṇehisampanne ,

Vicinitvānabrahmaṇe;

Aṭṭhatesurājātesaṃ,

Nekaṃdāsiparibbayaṃ.

132.

Ānethakuñjaraṃbhonto,

Vessantarassasantikaṃ;

Gantvāyāciya-evaṃte,

Rājāvatvānapesayiṃ.

133.

Brāhmāṇā aṭṭharājānaṃ,

Tekatvāna padakkhiṇaṃ;

Gañchiṃsu jetuttaraṃ nāgaṃ,

Nethuṃ sabbaṅgasundaraṃ.

134.

Anupubbena gantvāna,

Tepāpuṇiṃsu brāhmaṇā;

Jetuttaraṃ bhuñjamānā,

Dānasālāsu acchayuṃ.

135.

Tatopuṇṇa madinamhi,

Katvāsarīramattano;

Tepaṃsumakkhitaṃāguṃ,

Pācīnadvāramaṇḍalaṃ.

136.

Saṃyācissāmanāganti ,

Cintamānāvarājino;

Āgamentāāgamanaṃ,

Tatthaacchiṃ subrāhmāṇā.

137.

Dānaggaṃ olekeyyanti,

Tadāsura sabhojano;

Pātonūtvā mahāsatto,

Alaṅkārena laṅkari.

138.

Alaṅkata hatthikkhandhaṃ,

Aruyha agamātato;

Rājā puratthimaṃ dvāraṃ,

Parisāya mahantiyā.

139.

Mahantiṃ parisaṃdisvā,

Bhitā ubbigga mānasā;

Tatthokāsaṃ nalabhiṃsu,

Yācituṃ brāhmaṇā tahiṃ.

140.

Tamhā dakkhiṇadvāraṃ te,

Saṅkamitvāna unnate;

Padese seṭṭharājānaṃ,

Āgamesuṃ ṭhitā tato.

141.

Oloketvāna pācīna-

Dāramhi dānamaṇḍape;

Hatthikkhandhagato rājā,

Dvāramā gañcidakkhiṇaṃ.

142.

Rājānaṃ āgataṃ disvā,

Pasāretvāna brāhmaṇā;

Hatthe 『『vessantarojetu』』

Tikkhattuṃ itibhāsiṃsu.

143.

Jayasaddaṃ panādante,

Rājādisvāna brāhmaṇe;

Hatthiṃ tesaṃ ṭhitaṭhānaṃ,

Pājesi dānamānasā.

144.

Hatthikkhandhe nisinnova,

Pasannena mukhenaso;

Mhitapubbaṃ tatovoca,

Girevaṃ hadayaṅgamaṃ.

145.

Dakkhiṇāvaṭṭasaṅkhena,

Bāhuṃpaggayha dakkhiṇa;

Purato mama tiṭṭhantā,

Kiṃ maṃyācanti brāhmaṇā.

146.

Evaṃsīghama vociṃsu,

Pahaṭṭhā brāhmaṇā tahiṃ;

Ratanaṃrāja yācāma,

Kuñjaraṃ sabbapaṇḍaraṃ.

147.

Idaṃsutvānasocinti,

Ajjhattikaṃ pidātave;

Ahamicchāmitedāni,

Mamaṃ yācanti bāhiraṃ.

148.

Idāni pūrayissāmi,

Yācantānaṃ manorathaṃ;

Evaṃcintiyasobhāsi ,

Hatthikkhandhaṭhito iti.

149.

Demitaṃ navikampāmi,

Yaṃmaṃyācanti brāhmaṇā;

Kelāsa sadisaṃ setaṃ,

Alaṅkataṃ gajuttamaṃ.

150.

Hatthikkhandhā tato ruyha,

Rājā cāgādhimānaso;

Olokesitikkhattuṃtaṃ,

Katvā nāgaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 121 大臣向國王報告, 詳盡告知此事; 國王作出承諾, 愿令天降甘霖。 122 於是發願祈請, 受持八關齋戒; 為求天降甘霖, 七日行大悲心。 123 然而國王未能, 令天降下雨水; 迦陵伽國境內, 乾旱依舊持續。 124 於是召集城民, 如是對眾宣說: "我不能降甘霖, 當如何是好耶?" 125 當時眾人如是, 告知迦陵伽王: "為求天降甘霖, 愿得豐收之時。" 126 "在尸毗國境內, 以正法治國者; 勝軍城中有位, 韋山達羅王子。" 127 "他喜好行佈施, 有吉祥白象王; 名為'因緣'之象, 渾身潔白無瑕。" 128 "此象所到之處, 王族之人聽聞; 必有雷鳴閃電, 大雨傾盆而下。" 129 "請王派婆羅門, 前往乞求白象; 此象確實有用, 速遣婆羅門去。" 130 國王聞言歡喜, 應允"善哉"之語; 王宮庭院之中, 召集婆羅門眾。 131 選擇具德行者, 挑選婆羅門中; 八位最為賢良, 賜予諸多財物。 132 "諸位請前往求, 韋山達羅白象; 前往乞求"如是, 國王遣派他們。 133 八位婆羅門眾, 右繞禮敬國王; 往勝軍城前行, 求取莊嚴白象。 134 漸次前行抵達, 諸位婆羅門眾; 來至勝軍城中, 住于佈施堂中。 135 至滿月之時日, 塗抹塵土己身; 前往東門之處, 等候佈施時機。 136 心想"我等將求, 象王"如是思維; 等候王者到來, 婆羅門眾停駐。 137 欲觀佈施勝事, 時至晨旦用餐; 大士裝扮莊嚴, 身著華麗飾物。 138 登上莊嚴象背, 前往東門方向; 國王與大眷屬, 浩蕩隊伍隨行。 139 見此浩大隊伍, 內心驚懼不安; 婆羅門眾此時, 無處立足求施。 140 於是轉往南門, 來到高處駐足; 等候殊勝國王, 立於彼處等待。 141 巡視東門之後, 佈施堂中施已; 國王騎坐象背, 來到南門之處。 142 見得國王到來, 婆羅門伸雙手; 高呼"韋山達羅, 勝利"如是三呼。 143 聞其勝利呼聲, 王見婆羅門眾; 驅像往其所在, 心存佈施之意。 144 端坐象背之上, 面帶清凈笑容; 先露微笑之後, 說此動人言語: 145 "右旋如海螺形, 舉起右臂之手; 立於我前諸位, 婆羅門欲求何?" 146 婆羅門眾歡喜, 立即如是回答: "大王我等乞求, 渾身潔白寶象。" 147 聞此如是思維: "內財亦可佈施; 我今如此思量, 他們求外財物。" 148 "我今當滿其愿, 乞求者之心願"; 如是思維之後, 象背上說此語: 149 "我今毫不遲疑, 佈施婆羅門求; 如雪山般潔白, 莊嚴最勝象王。" 150 於是從象背下, 國王大舍心生; 三次環繞白象, 右繞以示恭敬。

151.

Gahetvā soṇṇabhiṅgāraṃ,

Sugandhodaka pūritaṃ;

Ahvāyi etha bhontoti,

Kuñjaraṃesa dātave.

152.

Gahetvā rajatadāma-

Sadisaṃ seta hattino;

Soṇḍaṃṭṭhapiya hatthesu,

Brāhmaṇānaṃ gajissaro.

153.

Sālaṅkataṃ mahānāgaṃ,

Pātetvā dakkhiṇodakaṃ;

Adāsi seṭṭhadantiṃtaṃ,

Asallinena cetasā.

154.

Saddhiṃ vīsatilakkhena,

Catulakkhāni agghati;

Alaṅkārohi nāgassa,

Nānāratanacittito.

155.

Athāpianagghā honti,

Chaḷeva aṅkusādisu;

Maṇayo vāraṇocāpi,

Anaṅgho sattanagghikā.

156.

Yatāvutta ratanehi,

Saddhiṃ adāsi kuñjaraṃ;

Nāgopiyopi teneva,

Tato sabbaññutaṃ piyaṃ.

156.

Athāpi pañcasatāni,

Paricārāni hatthino;

Kulāni hatthigopehi,

Saddhiṃ adāsi sādaraṃ.

158.

Vessantarena dinnamhi,

Seta maṅgala kuñjare;

Acetanāpinādentī,

Medanī sampa kampatha.

159.

Tahiṃ bhīsanakaṃ āsi,

Nānaṃ lomahaṃsanaṃ;

Mahanto vipulo ghoso,

Khumbhittha sakalaṃ puraṃ.

160.

Mahīsaddasantāsena,

Megho pāvassi tāvade;

Ghanavassaṃ mahādhāraṃ,

Gajjamāno diso disaṃ.

161.

Nicchariṃsu bahūvijju-

Latā yoca samantato;

Indacāpā uṭṭhahīṃsu,

Ukkāpāto tadā ahu.

162.

Hatthiṃ laddhānate tuṭṭhā,

Brāhmaṇā kiradakkhiṇā-

Dvārā nagara majjhena,

Gajakkhandha gatānayuṃ.

163.

Mahājanaparivāre,

Gajāruḷheṭṭha brāhmaṇe;

Passiṃ sunāgarā sabbe,

Tadāte etadabravuṃ.

164.

Amhākaṃ kuñjaraṃ hambho,

Āruḷhā vo idhāgatā;

Dinnoyaṃ kena tumhākaṃ,

Kadā laddho kuto-iti.

165.

Vessantarena dinno no,

Kathaṃtumhe vadissatha;

Nakatheyyāma vitthāraṃ,

Gacchema nagaraṃ mayaṃ.

166.

Evaṃvatvā nikkhamiṃsu,

Dvārena uttarenate;

Cittaṃvilola mānāva,

Nāgarānaṃ kaliṅkajā.

167.

Tadāhi nāgarā sabbe,

Bodhisattassa kujjhitā;

Rājadvāre sannipacca,

Upakkosamakaṃsu te.

168.

Adhammenevabhonttono,

Nāgaṃ raṭṭhassa pūjitaṃ;

Adāvessantaroduṭṭha-

Brāhmaṇānamalaṅkataṃ.

169.

Saṅkhumbhitacittā sabbe,

Tatonagaravāsino;

Gantvā siñcayarājassa,

Santikaṃ evamabravuṃ.

170.

Vidhamaṃdevateraṭṭhaṃ,

Puttovessantarotava;

Kataṃsokuñjaraṃdāsi,

Siviraṭṭhassapūjitaṃ.

171.

Kathaṃso vāraṇaṃdāsi,

Setaṃ kelāsasannibhaṃ;

Paṇḍukampalasañchannaṃ,

Jaya bhūmi vijanānaṃ.

172.

Sace so dātumiccheyya,

Annaṃpāṇañcabhojanaṃ;

Vatthaṃ senāsanaṃ soṇṇaṃ,

Yuttaṃdātuṃ yathicchitaṃ.

173.

Sacetvaṃ nakarissasi,

Sivīnaṃ vacanaṃidaṃ;

Maññetaṃ sahaputtena,

Sivīhatthe karissare.

174.

Tajjamānāhi evañhi,

Sutvā sivīhi bhāsitaṃ;

Maññittha siñcayo puttaṃ,

Māretuṃ icchareiti.

175.

Evaṃbyākāsi teneva,

Sīghaṃvibbhanta mānaso;

Puttapema codito so,

Sokasalla samappito.

176.

Kāmaṃ janapado sabbaṃ,

Raṭṭhañcāpi vinassatu;

Nāhaṃ sivīnaṃvacanā,

Pabbājeyyaṃ mamatrajaṃ.

177.

Kathaṃ haṃ tamhi dubbheyyaṃ,

Santoso suddhacetaso;

Puttaṃkathañca niddosaṃ,

Satthena ghātaye mama.

178.

Sivayo tassa sutvāna,

Bhāsitaṃ puttagiddhino;

Avocuṃ visaṭṭhā vīta-

Bhahāevaṃ yathātathaṃ.

179.

Mānaṃ daṇḍena satthena,

Nāpi so bandhanāraho;

Pabbājehi vanaṃ raṭṭhā,

Vaṅke vasatu pabbate.

180.

Tadācintayi sorājā,

Nayuttaṃ panūdetave;

Chandaṃ hi sivinaṃ dāni,

Tato voca subhāsitaṃ.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 151 手持黃金水瓶, 盛滿香水其中; 呼喚"諸位請來", 欲施白象與眾。 152 如銀鏈般潔白, 象王伸長鼻子; 置於婆羅門手, 最勝白象施與。 153 莊嚴大象之時, 灑下吉祥聖水; 施此最勝象王, 心無絲毫悔意。 154 連同二十萬金, 及四萬裝飾物; 象之莊嚴飾品, 皆以珍寶點綴。 155 此外無價之寶, 象鉤等六件物; 摩尼寶及象王, 七寶皆無價值。 156 如上所述珍寶, 隨同白象佈施; 雖愛此象王者, 為求圓滿智慧。 157 復有五百戶族, 侍奉大象人家; 及象夫等眷屬, 恭敬一併佈施。 158 韋山達羅布施, 吉祥白象之時; 無情大地震動, 為其福德感應。 159 彼處生起可怖, 令人毛骨悚然; 巨大廣大聲響, 遍滿王城四方。 160 大地震動驚慌, 天降及時甘霖; 密雲傾盆大雨, 雷聲響徹四方。 161 閃電遍空閃爍, 四面八方皆見; 彩虹耀空升起, 流星墜落此時。 162 婆羅門得像后, 歡喜從南門去; 穿過城中街道, 騎象揚長而去。 163 大眾簇擁圍觀, 婆羅門騎象行; 城中居民見此, 如是詢問他們: 164 "諸位騎我像, 來此何所為? 此像誰佈施, 何時從何得?" 165 "韋山達羅施予, 汝等如何問責; 不願多加解釋, 我等當返本城。" 166 如是言畢離去, 從北門出城去; 城中人心煩亂, 迦陵伽人離去。 167 那時城中居民, 對菩薩生忿怒; 集於王宮門前, 發出抗議之聲。 168 "大王此非正道, 國寶受人尊敬; 韋山達羅竟施, 與惡婆羅門眾。" 169 城中所有居民, 內心憤怒不安; 往見勝軍王前, 如是稟告王言: 170 "大王你的王子, 韋山達羅所為; 毀壞您的國土, 施我國之寶象。" 171 "為何佈施此象, 雪山般白象王; 覆蓋黃金錦布, 勝利地之標識。" 172 "若欲行佈施者, 可施飲食之物; 衣服臥具金銀, 隨意佈施皆可。" 173 "若王不依從此, 尸毗人民意願; 我想王與王子, 將遭尸毗人害。" 174 聽聞尸毗人眾, 如此威脅言語; 勝軍王心思慮, 恐子將遭殺害。 175 因此立即宣佈, 內心驚慌不已; 為父子情所迫, 憂愁箭所刺中。 176 "縱使國土人民, 皆歸於毀滅去; 我不因民意願, 放逐我之愛子。" 177 "我怎能加害他, 如此清凈心者; 我怎能殺無辜, 之子以刀劍呢?" 178 尸毗人聞國王, 貪愛子之言語; 無畏無懼如實, 對王如是宣說: 179 "不須以刀劍罰, 亦不須囚禁他; 放逐入深山中, 旺格山中居住。" 180 此時國王思慮, 不宜強制驅逐; 但尸毗人心意, 於是說善巧語。

181.

Yathāchandaṃ kareyyāmi,

Raṭṭha pabbājayetha taṃ;

Ekokāsañca yācāma,

Rattiṃ so vasataṃ imaṃ.

182.

Amantetu yathākāmaṃ,

Kaṇhājināya jālinā;

Tathāca maddiyā saddhiṃ,

Kāmeca paribhuñjatu.

183.

Tato ratyā vivasāne,

Sūriyuggamanesati;

Samaggā sivayo hutvā,

Raṭṭhā pabbajayantu taṃ.

184.

Paccāgañchuṃ tadā sabbe,

Sivayo tuṭṭhamānasā;

Sampaṭicchitvāna sādhūti,

Vacanaṃ sivirājino.

185.

Tatoso siñcayoekaṃ,

Kattāraṃ puttasantikaṃ;

Sāsanaṃ pesanatthāya,

Turitaṃ evamabravī.

186.

Uṭṭhehi katte taramāno,

Gantvā vassantaraṃ vada;

Sivayo deva tekuddhā,

Negamāca samāgatā.

187.

Asmā ratyā vivasāne,

Sūriyuggamane sati;

Samaggā sivayo hutvā,

Raṭṭhā pabbājayantitaṃ.

188.

Sakattā taramānova,

Sivirājena pesito;

Upāgami puraṃrammaṃ,

Vessantara nivesanaṃ.

189.

Tatthaddasa kuraṃso,

Ramamānaṃ sake pure;

Parikiṇṇaṃ amaccehi,

Tidasānaṃva vāsavaṃ.

190.

Vanditvā rodamānoso,

Kattā vessantaraṃ bravī;

Dukkhaṃ te vedayissāmi,

Māmekujjha rathesabha.

191.

Asmāratyā vivasāne,

Sūriyuggamane sati;

Sivayo deva tekuddhā,

Raṭṭhā pabbājayantitaṃ.

192.

Sutvāna bhāsitaṃ etaṃ,

Hasamāno pamodayaṃ;

Evaṃpucchittha kattāraṃ,

Vessantaro sudhītimā.

193.

Kismiṃ me sivayo kuddhā,

Yaṃ napassāmi dukkaṭaṃ;

Taṃme katte viyācikkha,

Kasmā pabbājayanti maṃ.

194.

Tahiṃ kattā idaṃvoca,

Hatthidānena kujjhare;

Khīyanti sivayo rāja,

Tasmā pabbājayanti taṃ.

195.

Taṃsutvāna mahāsatto,

Dānesu thīramānaso;

Vacanaṃ mhitapubbaṃ so,

Kattāraṃ etadabravī.

196.

Hadayaṃ cakkhumahaṃ dajjaṃ,

Bāhuṃpi dakkhiṇaṃ mama;

Hirañña maṇisoṇṇādiṃ,

Nakiṃ bāhirakaṃ dhanaṃ.

197.

Kāmaṃmaṃsi vayosabbe,

Pabbājentu hanantuvā;

Nevadānā viramissaṃ,

Kāmaṃchindantu sattadhā.

198

Tatoso devatāviṭṭho,

Kattāmaggama desayi;

Pabbājitānaṃ sabbesaṃ,

Gatapubbaṃ purāṇakaṃ.

199.

Kontīmārāya tīrena,

Gīrimā rañcaraṃ pati;

Yenapabbājitāyanti,

Tenagacchatu subbato.

200.

Taṃsutvāna bodhisatto,

Sādhūti sampaṭicchiya;

Ekokāsaṃ nāgarānaṃ,

Yācetuṃ evamabravī.

201.

Dānaṃsattasatakaṃhaṃ ,

Kattedajjaṃ suvetato;

Parasve nikkhamissāmi,

Rattiṃdivaṃ khamantume.

202.

Sādhudevapavakkhāmi,

Khamāpetuṃnisādivaṃ;

Nāgarānaṃtivatvāna,

Tadākattāpipakkami.

203.

Mahāsattomahāyena-

Kuttaṃsakalakammikaṃ;

Pakkosāviyasvedānaṃ,

Evaṃbyākāsidātave.

204.

Hatthīasserateitthī,

Dāsīdāsecadhenuyo;

Paṭiyādehitvaṃsatta-

Satecāgāyamārisa.

205.

Athonānappakārāni,

Annapānānisabbaso;

Suraṃpi paṭiyādehi,

Sabbaṃdātabbayuttakaṃ.

206.

Evaṃsobyākaritvāna ,

Pemacittenacodito;

Ekovamaddiyārammaṃ,

Pāsādamabhirūhatha.

207.

Rattacandana gandhehi,

Gandhodakehivāsitaṃ;

Sopāvekkhisirīgabbhaṃ,

Maddīdevīnivāsanaṃ.

208.

Maddīdisvānaāyantaṃ ,

Mhitānanenasāmikaṃ;

Uṭṭhāsiāsanāsīghaṃ,

Reṇumattāvakinnarī.

209.

Uṭṭhāhitvānasāmaddī,

Vāmahatthesu rājino;

Dakkhiṇe nasahatthena,

Gaṇhitthamandahāsinī.

210.

Tatosirisayanamhi ,

Nasinnaṃsakasāmikaṃ;

Bījayantīvasāṭṭhāsi,

Maddīsaññatavāsinī.

我來為您翻譯這段巴利文: 181 "如諸位之意願, 將其逐出國境; 但我請求一事, 讓他今夜留住。" 182 "讓他盡情相聚, 與札利黑羚女; 及與瑪蒂相處, 盡享歡樂之時。" 183 "待到夜晚過去, 太陽升起之時; 尸毗人同心合意, 將其逐出國境。" 184 於是眾人皆返, 尸毗人心歡喜; 齊聲應允"善哉", 尸毗王之言語。 185 勝軍王喚一位, 使者往見王子; 為傳達此訊息, 急切如是告知: 186 "使者速速前往, 告知韋山達羅; 尸毗人對你怒, 城中民眾集聚。" 187 "待到夜晚過去, 太陽升起之時; 尸毗人同心合意, 將你逐出國境。" 188 使者聞令速往, 尸毗王所派遣; 來至美麗王城, 韋山達羅王宮。 189 於是見到王子, 在其宮中歡樂; 大臣眾環繞中, 如帝釋天宮般。 190 使者禮拜流淚, 告韋山達羅言: "我將告知憂事, 祈請王勿見怒。" 191 "待到夜晚過去, 太陽升起之時; 尸毗人對你怒, 將逐你出國境。" 192 聞此言語之時, 微笑心生歡喜; 如是詢問使者, 韋山達羅智者: 193 "尸毗人為何怒, 我不見惡行為; 請為我說明白, 何故要放逐我?" 194 使者如是回答: "因施白象生怒; 尸毗人怨聲起, 故欲放逐於你。" 195 大士聞此言語, 佈施心堅定者; 先露微笑之後, 告訴使者如是: 196 "我可施心眼目, 及施我右臂膀; 黃金摩尼珍寶, 何況外在財物。" 197 "任尸毗人放逐, 或殺害於我身; 我絕不止佈施, 縱使分屍七段。" 198 此時天神附體, 使者指明道路; 昔日諸放逐者, 所行古老道路。 199 "沿孔底瑪河岸, 直至山林道路; 流放者所行道, 凈行者當循此。" 200 菩薩聞此言語, 歡喜言"善哉"允; 向城民請求得, 一事如是告知: 201 "使者明日我將, 佈施七百之物; 後日我即離去, 請容我一日夜。" 202 "善哉我當告知, 請恕我一日夜"; 告知城中居民, 使者即便離去。 203 大士召集一切, 掌管倉庫之人; 為明日佈施事, 如是發佈命令: 204 "象馬車輛女人, 奴婢及母牛群; 請備七百之數, 賢者為行佈施。" 205 "此外種種飲食, 一切皆需備全; 美酒亦需預備, 一切當行佈施。" 206 如是發佈命令, 出於愛心驅使; 獨自與瑪蒂往, 登上美麗宮殿。 207 紅檀香水薰染, 香水浸潤之處; 入此吉祥寢室, 瑪蒂居住之處。 208 瑪蒂見夫到來, 面帶微笑之容; 起身離座相迎, 如金那羅女起。 209 瑪蒂起身之後, 執王左手一邊; 右手同時扶持, 面帶微笑之容。 210 於是在華麗床, 坐定其夫君時; 輕搖扇子扇風, 瑪蒂持身莊重。

211.

Maddiṃaṅkeṭṭhapetvātha,

Gaṇhaṃhattesudeviyā;

Mukhaṃmukhenakatvāna,

Rājāmandamabhāsatha.

212.

Yaṃtesacemayādinnaṃ,

Yañcatepettikaṃdhanaṃ;

Sabbaṃtaṃnidaheyyāsi,

Bhaddekomārapemike.

213.

Tahiṃnavuttapubbaṃme ,

Sāmikenamamīdisaṃ;

Kadācietthakaṃkālaṃ,

Maddīevañhicintayi.

214.

Tato ubbiggacittena,

Maddīeva mabhāsatha;

Kuhiṃ deva nidahāmi,

Taṃme akkhāhi pucchito.

215.

Sīlavantesu dujjāsi,

Dānaṃ maddī yathārahaṃ;

Nahidānā paraṃatthi,

Patiṭṭhā sabbapāṇinaṃ.

216.

Nidhānaṃ nāma etaṃva,

Dhanānaṃ nandivaḍḍhane;

Dānaṃhi nidhi sattānaṃ,

Evaṃbyākāsi khattiyo.

217.

Maddīvatvāna sādhūti,

Onamitvā siruttamaṃ;

Sampaṭicchi tato rājā,

Punāpi evamabravī.

218.

Jālimhimaddidayesi,

Sādhukaṇhājināyaca;

Gāravaṃnivātaṃkāsi,

Sassuyāsassuramhica.

219.

Yohitaṃ pema cittena,

Mayāvippavasena te;

Icche cebhavituṃ attā,

Sakkaccaṃ taṃupaṭṭhahe.

220.

Sace evaṃ nabhaveyya,

Bhattāraṃ mādisaṃ viyaṃ;

Parire sehi aññaṃ tvaṃ,

Māki ssittho mayāvinā.

221.

Tadāhi dummukhī maddī,

Rājāna meva mabravī;

Dussutaṃ vata suṇomi,

Īdisaṃ kinnubhāsasi.

222.

Viyācikkhāmi mebha dde,

Sakalaṃ dāni kāriṇaṃ;

Hatthidānenakujjhanti,

Samaggā sivayo mama.

223.

Pabbājenti mamaṃ tena,

Sivayo siviraṭṭhato;

Mahādānaṃ dadissāmi,

Suve komārasaṅgame.

224.

Parasve nikkhamissāmi,

Raṭṭhā ekova sobhaṇe;

Nānābhayehi saṃkiṇṇaṃ

Vaṅkaṃ gacchāmi pabbata.

225.

Pāṇīkatapiye jāliṃ,

Kaṇhājinañca attajaṃ;

Tañcaohāya gaccheyyaṃ,

Vaseyyaṃ ekakovane.

226.

Rañño sutvāna saṅkampi,

Vacanaṃsokavaḍḍhanaṃ;

Māluteritapattaṃva,

Maddīyā hadayaṃ tadā.

227.

Māmamevamavacuttha ,

Kampesi hadayaṃ mama;

Tattatelenasittaṃva,

Sariraṃ rāja dayhate.

228.

Nesadhammo mahārāja,

Yaṃ tvaṃ gaccheyya ekako;

Ahaṃpi tena gacchāmi,

Yenagacchasi khattiya.

229.

Maraṇaṃvā tayā saddhiṃ,

Jīvitaṃvā tayā vinā;

Tadeva maraṇaṃ seyyo,

Yañcejīve tayāpinā.

230.

Aggiṃ ujjālayitvāna,

Ekajāla samāhitaṃ;

Tatthe vamaraṇaṃ seyyo,

Yañce jīve tayā vinā.

231.

Carantā raññanāgaṃva,

Duggesvanvetti hatthinī;

Evaṃtaṃ anugacchāmi,

Putteādāyapacchato.

232.

Vimaṃsetuṃ tadā rājā,

Mānasaṃ maddideviyā;

Nānābhayaṃ pakāsento,

Evaṃbravi bhayāpayaṃ.

233.

Viyācikkhāmi tesaccaṃ,

Vanamhi mudumānase;

Nānābhayaṃ kharaṃ ghoraṃ,

Hesmaṃ hadayakampanaṃ.

234.

Kesarīnāma yebhadde,

Migarājā kharassarā;

Hiṃ santiṃ te sasaddena,

Migetikkhagga dāṭhino.

235.

Dīpībyagghākaṇhācchāca,

Tikkhagga nakha dhārino;

Khaggā vanamahiṃsāca,

Tikkhaggasiṅgadhārino.

236.

Tikkhagga nakha siṅgehi,

Ete posaṃpi chindiya;

Khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ karitvāna,

Mūlālaṃviya bhakkhare.

237.

Yācayakkhiniyoyakkhā,

Bahūmanussakhādakā;

Naraṃnāriṃ gavesanti,

Dummukhā khaggapāṇino.

238.

Atho ajagarāsappā,

Ghoravīsāca vijjare;

Viṃsācā rakkhasāvāḷā,

Sajjulohitabhojanā.

139.

Aññepi bahavosanti,

Bhayābhesmakārakā;

Kiṃnabhāyasi etesaṃ,

Bhayānaṃ bhayamānase.

240.

Mā mamaṃ tvaṃ nugacchāhi,

Gacchantaṃ bhayasaṃyutaṃ;

Vanaṃ idheva acchāhi,

Vuttehisahabhīruke.

我來將這些巴利文詩句完整翻譯成中文: 211 於是將瑪蒂安置一旁, 手握著王后, 面對著面, 國王輕聲說道。 212 我給予你的一切, 以及你父親留下的財富, 這一切你都要妥善保管, 親愛的王妃啊。 213 在那裡從未有過, 我的丈夫對我說過這樣的話, 何時會有這樣的時候, 瑪蒂如是思考著。 214 於是內心不安, 瑪蒂如此說道: "大王要我把它藏在何處, 請告訴我所問。" 215 "瑪蒂啊,要慷慨佈施, 給予有德之人應得之物, 因為佈施勝過一切, 是眾生的依靠。" 216 "這才是真正的寶藏, 增長歡喜的財富啊; 佈施是眾生的寶藏", 武士如是解釋道。 217 瑪蒂說道:"善哉", 低頭致意, 國王接受后, 又繼續說道。 218 "瑪蒂啊,要慈愛扎利, 善待坎哈吉那, 要恭敬謙遜地對待, 岳父母二人。 219 因為我離開期間, 你以慈愛之心行善, 若願意繼續生存, 要恭敬地照顧他們。 220 若不能如此, 像對待我這樣的丈夫, 你就另尋他人吧, 不要因我而獨居。" 221 這時憂心的瑪蒂, 對國王如是說: "我聽到難以接受的話, 你為何說這樣的話? 222 親愛的,我現在要 向你解釋全部緣由: 因施捨白象之事, 我的臣民齊聲反對。 223 因此他們要將我 從濕婆國驅逐出境; 明日在王子集會上, 我要施予大布施。 224 後天我將獨自一人, 離開這美麗的國土; 要去那險象環生的 彎曲山脈。 225 親生的兒女扎利和 坎哈吉那我也深愛, 但我必須捨棄他們, 獨自在林中生活。" 226 聽聞國王增添憂愁的 這番話語后, 瑪蒂的心顫抖不已, 如風中搖曳的樹葉。 227 "請不要對我說這樣的話, 使我的心顫抖; 我的身體如被 熱油澆灌般灼燒,大王。 228 大王啊,你獨自離去 這不合正法; 你去向何方, 我也要隨你去,武士。 229 與你同死, 或是無你而活; 寧願與你同死, 也不願無你而生。 230 點燃火焰, 使之成為一體; 寧願死在那裡, 也不願無你而生。 231 如母象跟隨 在險境中的公象; 我也要如此跟隨你, 帶著孩子們在後。" 232 這時國王爲了 試探瑪蒂王后的心意, 描述種種危險, 說出令人恐懼的話: 233 "柔弱的人啊,我要對你 說出林中的真相: 各種可怕兇猛的危險, 令人心驚膽戰。 234 親愛的,那些名為獅子的 百獸之王發出可怕吼聲, 它們以恐怖的聲音追捕 鹿群,利齒鋒利。 235 豹、虎和黑熊, 都有鋒利的爪子, 犀牛和野牛, 都有尖銳的角。 236 用它們鋒利的爪和角, 把人撕成碎片, 切成塊塊, 像蓮藕一樣吞食。 237 還有許多食人的 夜叉和夜叉女, 搜尋男女, 面目可怖手持利刃。 238 還有蟒蛇毒蛇, 具有劇毒; 有惡鬼羅剎, 以鮮血為食。 239 還有許多其他 可怕恐怖的東西, 你這膽小的人, 難道不害怕這些危險嗎? 240 不要跟隨我 走向這充滿危險之處; 膽小的人啊,就在此地, 與孩子們一同居住吧。"

141.

Tvekadāsirigabbhamhi,

Vasantī sahame subhe;

Sutvāgavesitāṇaṅke,

Kiṃme mañjāragajjitaṃ.

242.

Tvekadākiṃvibodhesi ,

Bhemibhemīti bhāsiya;

Rattiyaṃ hi sayantaṃ maṃ,

Sutvā nuluṅkavassitaṃ.

243.

Tvekadā meghasaddaṃhi,

Sutvādivā mamantikaṃ;

Dhāvitvāmaṃ parissajja,

Kiṃ mucchilomahaṃsīnī.

144.

Evaṃbhaya cañcalāya,

Sukhumālāya deviyā;

Nālaṃhi vasituṃraññe,

Bhesme avanavāsike.

245.

Maddīsutvāna rājassa,

Bhāsittaṃ thīramānasā;

Visāradena cittena,

Sāmikaṃ evamabravī.

246.

Tayime pema cittañca,

Araññe bhayamānasaṃ;

Tayitesumahārāja ,

Sutikkhaṃ pema cetasaṃ.

247.

Sandate sīghasotaṃme,

Tayisāgara sannibhe;

Niccaṃpemodakaṃrāja,

Gaṅgodakaṃva sāgare.

248.

Maraṇaṃpemacittena,

Jīvitaṃ bhaya cetasā;

Tadeva maraṇaṃseyyo,

Yañcetaṃ jīvitaṃciraṃ.

249.

Pākāraṃ mamūraṃrāja,

Katvāna puratovanaṃ;

Nānābhayaṃ nivārentī,

Gacchaṃ haṃverahiṃsinī.

250.

Tayihaṃ pemacittāsiṃ,

Gahettvā vaṅkapabbate;

Phalāphalaṃgavesantī,

Vaseyyāmi tayāsaha.

251.

Evaṃñhi sūrabhāvaṃ sā,

Dassayitvāna attano;

Himavanta vāsinīva-

Rājānaṃ vītitosayi.

252.

Yadādakkhasinaccante,

Kumāre māladhārine;

Kīḷante assameramme,

Narajjassa sarissasi.

253.

Yadādakkhasigāyante ,

Aññoññamukhadassine;

Kumārevanagumbamhi,

Narajjassa sarissasi.

254.

Yadādakkhasimātaṅgaṃ,

Sāyaṃpātaṃbrahāvane;

Asahāyaṃvicarantaṃ,

Narajjassa sarissasi.

255.

Nādaṃkareṇusaṅghassa ,

Nadamānassapūrato;

Nāgassavajatosutvā,

Narajjassasarissasi.

256.

Migaṃdisvānasāyanhaṃ,

Pañcamālinamāgataṃ;

Kiṃ pūrisecanaccante,

Narajjhassasarissasi.

257.

Yadāsussasinigghosaṃ ,

Sandamānāyasindhuyā;

Gītaṃkiṃpurisānañca,

Narajjassasarissasi.

258.

Saratassacasīhassa,

Byagghassacchassadivino;

Saddaṃ sutvānakhaggassa,

Narajjassasarissasi.

259.

Yadāmorīhiparikiṇṇaṃ ,

Vicitrapucchapakkhinaṃ;

Moraṃdakkhasinaccantaṃ,

Narajjassa sarissasi.

260.

Yadādakkhasi hemante,

Pupphitedharaṇīruhe;

Surabbhisampavāyante,

Narajjassa sarissasi.

261.

Yadā hemanti kemāse,

Haritaṃ dakkhasi medaniṃ;

Indagopaka sañchannaṃ,

Narajjassa sarissasi.

162.

Tadāhiphussatīdevī,

Ṭhitāsi puttasokinī;

Sīrīpagabbhassadvāramhi,

Vimaṃsantīkathākathaṃ.

263.

Kalunaṃparidevittha ,

Aññoññābhāsitaṃgiraṃ;

Sutvānaphussatīdevī,

Vuttassasuṇisāyaca.

264.

Visaṃmekhāditaṃseyyo,

Pabbatāca papātanaṃ;

Matañcarajjuyābajjha,

Natthatthojīvitename.

265.

Ajjhāyakaṃ dāna patiṃ,

Yasassinaṃ amacchariṃ;

Kasmā vessaraṃ puttaṃ,

Pabbājanti adūsakaṃ.

266.

Pūjitaṃ patirā jūhi,

Sabbalokahi tesinaṃ;

Kasmā vessanttaraṃ vuttaṃ,

Pabbājentiadūsakaṃ.

267.

Kalunaṃ pari devitvā,

Assā setvāna phussatī;

Vuttañca suṇisaṃ sīghaṃ,

Agā siñcaya santikaṃ.

268.

Tatotaṃ siñcayaṃdevī,

Visaṭṭhā etadabravī;

Nānūpāyaṃ pakāsentī,

Vicitta vāda viññunī.

269.

Madhūniva palā tāni,

Ambāvapati tāchamā;

Evaṃhe ssatite raṭṭhaṃ,

Pabbājiteadūsake.

270.

Haṃso nikhīṇa pattova,

Pallasmiṃ anūdake;

Apaviṭṭho amaccehi,

Ekorājāvihiyyasi.

我來將這些巴利文詩句完整翻譯成中文: 241 你曾在華麗莊嚴的 宮殿中與我同住時, 聽到貓叫聲便驚慌, 跑來我懷中尋求庇護。 242 你曾在深夜安睡時, 聽到貓頭鷹的叫聲, 驚醒喊著"可怕啊可怕", 這樣的話語。 243 你曾在白天聽到 雷聲在我身邊時, 跑來擁抱著我, 渾身顫抖昏厥不已。 244 如此容易受驚的 嬌弱王后, 怎能住在可怕的 荒野森林之中。 245 瑪蒂聽聞國王的 這番話語后, 以堅定的心意, 對丈夫如是說道: 246 "對你的愛意和 對林中的恐懼, 大王啊,在這兩者之間, 我對你的愛更加強烈。 247 如同江河奔流般, 我對你如海洋般深邃的愛, 永遠流淌不息,大王, 如恒河之水流向大海。 248 帶著愛意而死, 或帶著恐懼而活; 寧願選擇死亡, 也不願長期獨活。 249 大王啊,我要把你的愛 作為前方森林的圍墻, 阻擋各種危險, 我將毫無恐懼地前行。 250 我對你懷著深深的愛, 在彎曲的山脈中, 尋找果實與食物, 愿與你一同生活。 251 如此展現出 自己的勇氣, 如住在雪山的人一樣, 使國王感到欣慰。 252 當你看到戴著花環的 王子們在美麗的菴舍中 嬉戲玩耍時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 253 當你看到王子們 在林中草叢間 相對而歌時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 254 當你在廣大森林中 早晚看到獨行的 大象漫步時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 255 當你聽到象群中 領頭大象在前方 發出吼叫聲時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 256 當你在黃昏時分看到 戴著五色花環的鹿 前來時,以及仙人舞蹈時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 257 當你聽到奔流的 河水聲音, 以及仙人的歌聲時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 258 當你聽到獅子的怒吼, 老虎和黑熊的咆哮, 以及犀牛的聲音時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 259 當你看到被孔雀群環繞, 那些有著美麗尾羽的鳥兒, 看到孔雀起舞時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 260 當你在寒冷季節看到 地上盛開的花朵, 聞到芳香飄散時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 261 當你在寒冬時節看到 綠色的大地上 佈滿了紅色甲蟲時, 你不會想念王國嗎? 262 這時普薩蒂王后 站在宮殿門前, 為兒子憂傷, 思慮著談話內容。 263 聽到兒媳與兒子 相互傾訴的 悲傷言語后, 普薩蒂王后也悲痛不已。 264 "寧願吞下毒藥, 或從山崖跳下, 或用繩索上吊而死, 活著對我已無意義。 265 精通吠陀、佈施之主、 有名望且不吝嗇的 毗濕奴多羅王子, 為何要驅逐這無過之人? 266 受到諸王尊敬、 為眾生謀福利的 毗濕奴多羅, 為何要驅逐這無過之人?" 267 悲傷地哭泣后, 安慰了兒媳, 普薩蒂迅速 前往參見僧遮耶。 268 於是精通智慧言辭的 王后來到僧遮耶面前, 以各種方法 述說著道理。 269 "如同成熟的蜂蜜, 如同掉落地面的芒果, 驅逐無辜之人後, 你的國家也將如此衰落。 270 如同羽毛脫盡的天鵝 在無水的池塘中, 被大臣們拋棄, 你將孤獨一人留下。"

270.

Tantaṃbrūmi mahārāja,

Atthotemā upaccagā;

Mānaṃsivīnaṃvacanā,

Pabbājesiadūsakaṃ.

172.

Deviyāvacanaṃsutvā ,

Dhammarājādhammañcaro;

Dhammenadhammikaṃbrūsi,

Mahesiṃ puttasokiniṃ.

273.

Esovessantarobhadde,

Pāṇāpiyatarohime;

Tathāpinaṃ pabbājemi,

Dhammasatthavasānugo.

274.

Sīviraṭṭhamhiporāṇa-

Rājūnaṃdhammatantiyā;

Ahañhipacitiṃkummi,

Vinayantomamorasaṃ.

275.

Raññotaṃ vacanaṃsutvā,

Khinnāhadayakampinī;

Punasāparidevantī,

Evaṃvilaviphussatī.

276.

Yassapubbedhajaggāni,

Kaṇikārāvapupphitā;

Yāyantamanuyāyanti,

Svajjekovagamissati.

277.

Indagopakavaṇṇābhā ,

Gandhārā paṇḍukampalā;

Yāyantamanuyāyanti,

Svajjekovagamissasi.

278.

Yopubbehatthināyāti,

Sivikāyarathenaca;

Svajjavessarorājā,

Kathaṃgacchatipatthikā.

279.

Kathaṃcandanalittaṅgo ,

Naccagītapabodhano;

Khurājinaṃ pharusañca,

Khārikājañcahāhiti.

280.

Pavīsanto brahāraññaṃ,

Kāsāvaṃ ajinā nivā;

Kharaṃ kusa mayaṃ cīraṃ,

Kathaṃ pari dahissati.

281.

Kāsiyānica dharetvā,

Khomako ṭumparānica;

Kusacīrāni dhārentī,

Kathaṃmaddīkarissati.

282.

Vayhāhi pariyāyitvā,

Sivikāya rathenaca,

Sākathajja anujjhaṅgī,

Pathaṃ gacchati patthikā.

283.

Sukhedhitāhihirañña-

Pādukāruḷhagāminī,

Sākathajjasukhānandī,

Pathaṃgacchatipatthikā.

284.

Gantvāitthisahassānaṃ,

Pūratoyāhimālinī;

Sākathajjayasānandī,

Vanaṃgacchatiekikā.

285.

Saddaṃsivāyasutvāyā ,

Muhuṃuttassatepure;

Vasantīsābrahāraññe,

Kathaṃ vacchatibhīrukā.

289.

Saddaṃsutvānuluṅkassa,

Muhuṃuttasatepure;

Vasantīsābrahāraññe,

Kathaṃvacchatibhīrukā.

287.

Sakuṇīhata puttāva,

Suññaṃdisvā kulāvakaṃ;

Cīraṃdukkhena jhāyissaṃ,

Suññaṃāgammimaṃpuraṃ.

288.

Kururī hatachāpāva,

Suññaṃdisvā kulāvakaṃ;

Tenatena padhāvissaṃ,

Piyeputteapassatī.

289.

Evaṃmevila pantiyā,

Rājaputtaṃ adūsakaṃ;

Pabbājesi vanaṃraṭṭhā,

Maññehissāmijīvitaṃ.

290.

Phussatyā lavitaṃsutvā,

Sabbā siñcayarā jino;

Bāhāpaggayha pakkanduṃ,

Sivikaññā samāgatā.

291.

Pakkanditaravaṃtāsaṃ ,

Sutvā sokapamadditā;

Sivikaññāca pakkanduṃ,

Vessantaranivesane.

292.

Orodhāca kumārāca,

Vesiyānā brahmaṇā;

Bāhāpaggayhapakkanduṃ,

Vessanttaranivesane.

293.

Hatthārohāanīkaṭṭhā ,

Rathikā patthikārakā;

Bāhāpaggayha pakkanduṃ,

Vessantara nivesane.

294.

Tassāratyā accayena,

Sūriye uggatesati;

Ārocayiṃsu rājānaṃ,

Dānaggaṃ upagantave.

295.

Athapātova sorājā,

Nhatvābhūsana bhūsito;

Dānasāla mupāgañchi,

Mahājana purakkhato.

296.

Dānasālāsu dātabbaṃ,

Disvāna paṭiyāditaṃ;

Amacceva māṇāpesi,

Rājābhi tuṭṭhamānato.

297.

Vattānivatthakāmānaṃ,

Soṇḍānaṃ dethavāruṇiṃ;

Bhojanaṃ bhojanatthinaṃ,

Sammadeva pavacchatha.

298.

Yeyaṃyaṃ laddhumicchanti,

Taṃtaṃtassapavacchatha;

Māyācake nivāretha,

Dānasālāsu āgate.

299.

Tadāsiyaṃ bhīsanakaṃ,

Tadāsi lomahaṃsanaṃ;

Mahādāne padinnamhi

Medinī sampakampatha.

300.

Parideviṃsu vessantta-

Rarājaṃ patitāvade;

Pakittetvāna nānappa-

Kāraṃ evaṃ vaṇibbakā.

301.

Amhehitvāna vessanta-

Rarājā dānadāyako;

Acire neva raṭṭhamhā,

Nikkhamissatikānanaṃ.

我來將這些巴利文詩句完整翻譯成中文: 270 因此我對你說,大王啊, 你的利益將消失; 不要因眾臣的話語, 而驅逐這無過之人。 272 聽了王后的話語后, 正法之王遵循正法, 以正法回答 為兒子憂傷的王后: 273 "親愛的,這毗濕奴多羅 對我來說比生命更可貴; 儘管如此我仍要驅逐他, 因為我要遵循法律。 274 依照濕婆國自古以來 諸王傳承的法統, 我必須履行職責, 管教我的親生子。" 275 聽聞國王這番話后, 心碎而顫抖的普薩蒂 再次悲嘆, 如此哀傷地說道: 276 "從前旗幟高聳, 如黃花樹盛開時, 眾人追隨他的行列, 今日他將獨自離去。 277 身著紅甲蟲色彩 甘陀羅和黃色毛毯的人們 曾追隨在他身後, 今日你將獨自離去。 278 從前乘坐大象、 轎子和戰車的他, 今日這位毗濕奴多羅王 將如何徒步而行? 279 他那塗抹檀香的身體, 曾在歌舞聲中醒來, 如今將如何忍受 粗糙的皮衣和揹簍? 280 進入廣大森林時, 身著袈裟獸皮, 那粗糙的吉祥草衣, 他將如何穿戴? 281 從前穿著迦尸國的 細麻和上等布料的 瑪蒂,將如何 忍受粗糙的草衣? 282 曾乘坐轎子、 馬車和戰車的她, 今日將如何 徒步行走? 283 養尊處優、 穿著金履而行的她, 今日將如何 徒步走在崎嶇小徑? 284 從前走在 千名戴花女子之前的她, 今日將如何 獨自走進森林? 285 從前在宮中聽到 豺狼聲就經常驚慌的她, 住在廣大森林裡時, 這膽小的人將如何生存? 286 從前在宮中聽到 貓頭鷹叫就常常驚慌的她, 住在廣大森林裡時, 這膽小的人將如何生存? 287 如同失去幼鳥的母鳥 看到空巢一般, 我將長期悲傷, 看著這空蕩的宮殿。 288 如同失去幼鳥的雌鷹 看到空巢一般, 我將四處奔走, 因見不到親愛的兒子。 289 就這樣哀嘆著, 他們將這無辜的王子, 從國土驅逐到森林, 我想我將失去性命。 290 聽到普薩蒂的哀嘆, 所有僧遮耶王的 濕婆國女子們聚集在一起, 舉臂痛哭。 291 聽到她們的 哭泣聲,悲傷壓倒了 濕婆國的女子們,在 毗濕奴多羅的住處痛哭。 292 後宮妃嬪和王子們, 妓女和婆羅門們, 都在毗濕奴多羅的 住處舉臂痛哭。 293 象夫和軍隊將領, 戰車手和步兵們, 都在毗濕奴多羅的 住處舉臂痛哭。 294 當那夜過去, 太陽升起時, 他們通知國王 前往佈施大會。 295 於是清晨那國王 沐浴並裝飾整齊, 在眾人簇擁下 來到佈施大廳。 296 看到佈施大廳中 準備好的佈施品, 心情愉悅的國王 向大臣們下令: 297 "給需要衣服的人衣服, 給嗜酒者美酒, 給需要食物的人 適當地供給食物。 298 誰想要得到什麼, 就給他們什麼, 不要拒絕來到 佈施大廳的乞求者。" 299 那時發生可怕的事, 那時令人毛骨悚然, 當大布施進行時 大地都震動起來。 300 乞丐們為毗濕奴多羅王 哀嘆倒地, 述說著各種 悲傷的話語: 301 "施予我們的 毗濕奴多羅王, 不久就要離開國土, 進入森林。"

302.

Sattahatthisatedatvā,

Sabbālaṅkāra bhūsite;

Esavessantaro samhā,

Raṭṭhamhā nikkhamissati.

303.

Sattaassa sate datvā,

Sindhave sīgha vāhane;

Esa vessantarosamhā,

Raṭṭhamhā nikkhamissati.

304.

Rathesattasatedatvā ,

Sannandhe ussitaddhaje;

Esa vessantarosamhā,

Raṭṭhamhā nikkhamissati.

305.

Sattakaññā satedatvā,

Surūpinī vibhūsitā;

Esa vessantarosamhā,

Raṭṭhamhā nikkhamissati.

306.

Sattadhenu sate datvā,

Sabbākaṃsu padhāraṇā;

Esavessantarorājā,

Samhāraṭṭhāniracchati.

307.

Sattadāsi sate datvā,

Sattadāsa satānica;

Esavessantarorājā,

Samhāraṭṭhāniracchati.

308.

Athetthavattatesaddo,

Tumulobhe ravomahā;

Samākulaṃ puraṃāsi,

Ahosi lomahaṃsanaṃ.

309.

Sodatvāna mahādānaṃ,

Vessantaro amaccharī;

Purakkhato amaccehi,

Agāsakanivesanaṃ.

310.

Tatohi maddiyāsaddhiṃ,

Mātāpitūna santikaṃ;

Vandanatthāya agañchi,

Alaṅkata rathenaso.

311.

Vanditvā pitaraṃbodhi-

Sattobravikatañjalī;

Evaṃāvīkarontova,

Gamissamānaañjasaṃ.

312.

Mamaṃtāta pabbājesi,

Yamhāraṭṭhā adūsakaṃ;

Sivīnaṃ vacanatthena,

Tenaṃ-gacchāmi kānanaṃ.

313.

Suveahaṃ mahārāja,

Sūriyugga mane sati,

Nikkhamissāmi raṭṭhamhā,

Vaṅkaṃ gacchāmi pabbataṃ.

314.

Vanevāḷa migākiṇṇe,

Khaggadīpiniise vite;

Ahaṃpuññāni karomi,

Tumhe paṅkamhī sīdatha.

315.

Tatosotaramānova,

Gantvānamākusantikaṃ;

Vandamānoārocitta,

Evaṃñhisakamātuyā.

316.

Anujānāhimaṃammā,

Gacchāmivaṅkapabbataṃ;

Vanepuññānikāhāmi ,

Pabbajjāmamaruccati.

317.

Taṃsuttvāruṇṇamukhena,

Jananīevamabravī;

Anujānāmitaṃvuttaṃ,

Pabbajjātesamijjhabhu.

318.

Ayañhivutta memaddī,

Suṇhā sukhumavaddhinī;

Acchataṃ saha vuttehi,

Kiṃ araññekarissati.

319.

Mātuyāvacanaṃsutvā ,

Vessantaro katañjalī;

Mhitapubbamabhā sitta,

Ñāpentoattanomatiṃ.

320.

Nāhaṃakā mādāsaṃvi,

Araññaṃnetu mussahe;

Saceiccha tianvetu,

Sacenicchati acchatu.

321.

Tatosuṇhaṃmahārājā ,

Yācituṃpaṭipajjatha;

Mācandanasamācāre,

Rajojallaṃmadhārayi.

322.

Kāsiyānicadhāretvā,

Kusacīramadhārayi;

Dukkhovāsoaraññasmiṃ,

Māhitvaṃlakkhaṇegami.

323.

Tato patibbatā suṇhā,

Sassuraṃ evamabravī;

Nāhaṃ taṃsukhamicchayyaṃ,

Yaṃme vessantaraṃ vinā.

324.

Tato suṇhaṃ mahārājā,

Dussahāni brahāvane;

Nānābhayāni ñāpento,

Vanaṃ yāci agantave.

325.

Yāna santi mahārāja,

Bhayānitāni kānane;

Sabbāni haṃ sahissami,

Anugacchāmi mepatiṃ.

326.

Pūratohaṃ gamissāmi,

Dadantī bhatthuno pathaṃ;

Urasā panudahitvāna,

Kusa naḷa vanādayo.

327.

Bahūhi vatavariyāhi,

Kumārī vindate patiṃ;

Vedhabyaṃ kaṭukaṃ loke,

Gacchaññeva rathesabha.

328.

Nānākārehi pīḷenti,

Anāthaṃvidhavaṃ janā;

Ativākyena bhāsanti,

Mittācāpi salohitā.

329.

Naggā nadī anūdakā,

Naggaṃ raṭṭhaṃ arājakaṃ;

Itthīpi vidhavā naggā,

Yassāsuṃdasa bhātaro.

330.

Dhajo rathassa paññānaṃ,

Dhumo paññā namaggino;

Rājā raṭṭhassa paññānaṃ,

Bhattā paññānamitthiyā.

331.

Yā daliddassa posassa,

Daliddī bhariyā siyā;

Aḍḍhā aḍḍhassa rājinda,

Taṃ ve devā pasaṃsare.

我來將這些巴利文詩句完整翻譯成中文: 302 施捨七百頭 裝飾華麗的大象后, 這毗濕奴多羅就要 離開我們的國土。 303 施捨七百匹 神速的信度馬後, 這毗濕奴多羅就要 離開我們的國土。 304 施捨七百輛 豎立旗幟的戰車后, 這毗濕奴多羅就要 離開我們的國土。 305 施捨七百位 美麗裝飾的少女后, 這毗濕奴多羅就要 離開我們的國土。 306 施捨七百頭 全都是產奶的母牛後, 這毗濕奴多羅王 將離開我們的國土。 307 施捨七百名女奴和 七百名男奴后, 這毗濕奴多羅王 將離開我們的國土。 308 於是此處響起 喧鬧巨大的聲音, 城市陷入混亂, 令人毛骨悚然。 309 施捨了大布施后, 無私的毗濕奴多羅 在大臣們的簇擁下 回到自己的住處。 310 然後他與瑪蒂一起, 乘坐裝飾華麗的車駕, 前往父母處 禮拜告別。 311 菩薩合掌禮拜父親, 如此坦白說道, 直接表明 即將離去: 312 "父親啊,你驅逐 無辜的我離開國土, 因為濕婆人的話語, 所以我要進入森林。 313 大王啊,明天 當太陽升起時, 我將離開國土, 前往彎曲的山脈。 314 在野獸遍佈, 有虎豹出沒的森林中, 我將行善積福, 而你們將陷入泥潭。" 315 然後他急忙 前往生母處, 向母親禮拜, 如是稟告: 316 "請允許我,母親, 我要去彎曲的山脈, 在森林中修福, 我願意出家。" 317 聽到這話, 母親含淚說道: "我允許你,兒子, 愿你出家順遂。 318 但是兒子啊,這瑪蒂, 我嬌弱的兒媳, 讓她與孩子們留下吧, 她在森林裡能做什麼呢?" 319 聽到母親的話, 毗濕奴多羅合掌, 微笑著說道, 表明自己的想法: 320 "我不願違揹她的意願, 強行帶她去森林, 如果她願意就跟來, 如果不願就留下。" 321 於是大王 開始勸說兒媳: "不要像檀香般芳香, 卻染上塵垢。 322 穿著迦尸細布的你, 不要穿粗糙的草衣, 森林生活艱難, 不要去啊,賢淑的人。" 323 於是貞節的兒媳 對公公說道: "沒有毗濕奴多羅, 我不願獨享安樂。 324 於是大王告訴兒媳 廣大森林中 難以忍受的各種危險, 勸她不要進入森林。 325 "大王啊,那些 森林中的危險, 我都願意忍受, 只為跟隨我的丈夫。 326 我將走在前面, 為丈夫開出道路, 用胸膛推開 茅草與蘆葦。 327 許多高貴的少女 都能找到丈夫, 但寡居在世間是痛苦的, 我要隨你去,人中之雄。 328 人們以各種方式 折磨無依無靠的寡婦, 即使親朋好友 也說刻薄的話。 329 無水的河是赤裸的, 無王的國是赤裸的, 即使有十個兄弟, 寡婦也是赤裸的。 330 旗幟是戰車的標誌, 煙是火的標誌, 國王是國土的標誌, 丈夫是女人的標誌。 331 若貧窮的男子 有貧窮的妻子, 富有者有富有的妻子,王啊, 這是諸神所讚歎的。"

332.

Kathaṃ nutāsaṃ hadayaṃ,

Sukharāvata itthiyo;

Yā sāmike dukkhitamhi,

Sukhamicchanti attano.

333.

Apisāgarapariyantaṃ,

Bahuvittadharaṃmahiṃ;

Nānāratanaparipūraṃ,

Nicchevessantaraṃvinā.

334.

Sāmikaṃ anugacchissaṃ,

Ahaṃ kāsāyavāsinī;

Dhīratthutaṃ nissīrikaṃ,

Vedhabyaṃyañca nāriyā.

335.

Suṇhāya bhāsitaṃ sutvā,

Sassuro nikkhipetave;

Duve idheva nattāro,

Suṇhaṃso eva mabravī.

336.

Imete daharāputtā,

Jālīkaṇhājinā cubho;

Nikkhippa lakkhaṇe gaccha,

Mayaṃte posisāmase.

337.

Piyāme puttakā deva,

Jālī kaṇhājinā cubho;

Tyamhaṃ tattha ramessanti,

Araññe jīviso kinaṃ.

338.

Puttenetvāna gacchāma,

Dvemayaṃ vaṅkapabbataṃ,

Dakkhamānā vasissāma,

Ete pamodamānasā.

339.

Suṇamānā vasissāma,

Gītañca viyabhāṇinaṃ;

Etesaṃ naccamānānaṃ,

Araññe māladhārinaṃ.

340.

Suṇhāya bhāsitaṃsutvā,

Sassurokhinna mānaso;

Evañhiso vilavittha,

Paṭiccadārake duve.

341.

Sālinaṃ odanaṃ bhutvā,

Suciṃ maṃsupasecanaṃ;

Rukkhaphalāni bhuñjantā,

Kathaṃkāhanti dārakā.

342.

Bhutvā satapale kaṃse,

Sovaṇṇe satarājite;

Rukkhapattesu bhuñjantā,

Kathaṃkāhanti dārakā.

343.

Kāsiyānica dhāretvā,

Khoma koṭumparānica;

Kusacīrāni dhārentā,

Kathaṃ kāhanti dārakā.

344.

Vayhāhipariyāyitvā,

Sivikāya rathenaca;

Patthikā paridhāvantā,

Kathaṃ kāhanti dārakā.

345.

Kuṭāgāre sayitvāna,

Nivāte phusitaggale;

Sayantā rukkhamūlasmiṃ,

Kathaṃkāhanti dārakā.

346.

Pallaṅkesu sayitvāna,

Gonake cittasanthate;

Sayantā tiṇasanthāre,

Kathaṃkāhanti dārakā.

347.

Gandhakena vilimpetvā,

Agalucandanenaca;

Rajojallāni dhārentā,

Kathaṃkāhanti dārakā.

348.

Cāmarī mora hatthehi,

Bījitaṅgā sukhedhitā;

Phuṭṭhā ḍaṃsehi makasehi,

Kathaṃkāhanti dārakā.

349.

Tahiṃvaṃbravi rājānaṃ,

Vilapantaṃ sokaṭṭitaṃ;

Paṭicca dārake suṇhā,

Vessantarapiyañjanā.

350.

Mā deva paridevesi,

Māca tvaṃ vimanoahu;

Yathāmayaṃ bhavissāma,

Tathā hessanti dārakā.

351.

Evañhi sallapantānaṃ,

Tesaṃ khattiyajātinaṃ;

Aññoññaṃ vibhātā ratti,

Samuggañchittha sūriyo.

352.

Tadānetvā ṭhapayiṃsu,

Catusindhavayuñjitaṃ;

Alaṅkata rathaṃrāja-

Dvāre maṅgalasammataṃ.

353.

Vanditvā sassure maddī,

Ādāya puttake duve;

Bhattuno purato gantvā,

Pathamaṃ rathamāruhi.

354.

Tatovessantaromātā-

Pitaro ativandiya;

Padakkhiṇañca katvāna,

Sīghaso rathamāruhi.

355.

Tato maṅgaladvārena,

Rathaṃ pesesi laṅkataṃ;

Tosāpayaṃ mahāsatto,

Maddiṃ jālissa mātaraṃ.

356.

Pathantesu bhivandanti,

Sakkaccaṃ bahavo janā;

Vessantarañca maddiñca,

Passamānā katañcalī.

357.

Āpucchantoca pakkāmi,

Gacchissāmīhi patthayaṃ;

Nidukkhā sukhitāhotha,

Itiso vandake jane.

358.

Rathe ṭhitova sorājā,

Ovadanto apakkami;

Dānaādīni puññāni,

Karothāti mahājanaṃ.

359.

Gacchante bodhisattamhi,

Mātā evañhi cintayi;

Dātukāmosi mevutto,

Paṭṭhāya jātakālato.

360.

Tatodānaṃ dadopetuṃ,

Puttaṃratana pūrite;

Puttassubhosu passesu,

Pesesi sakaṭebahū.

361.

Vessantarohi samparohi sampatta-

Yācakānaṃ asesakaṃ;

Aṭṭhārasavāre dāsi,

Kāyāruḷhaṃpiattano.

我來將這些巴利文詩句完整翻譯成中文: 332 女人的心怎會如此, 真是輕鬆快樂啊, 當丈夫陷入痛苦時, 卻只求自己的安樂。 333 即使擁有廣闊如海的 富饒土地, 充滿各種珍寶, 沒有毗濕奴多羅我也不要。 334 我要跟隨丈夫, 身著袈裟, 寧願承受寡居之苦, 也要得到智者的讚譽。 335 聽了兒媳的話, 公公想留下 兩個孫子, 對兒媳如是說道: 336 "這兩個年幼的孩子, 扎利和坎哈吉那, 你把他們留下,賢淑的人啊, 我們會撫養他們。" 337 "大王啊,我親愛的孩子, 扎利和坎哈吉那, 他們會在那裡使我們快樂, 在森林生活中。 338 我們兩人帶著孩子, 一起去彎曲的山脈, 看著他們 我們將快樂地生活。 339 我們將聽著 他們甜美的話語, 看著他們戴著花環 在森林中跳舞。" 340 聽了兒媳的話, 公公心碎, 為兩個孩子 如此悲嘆: 341 "他們吃慣了 加肉湯的精米飯, 現在要吃樹上的果實, 這些孩子該怎麼辦? 342 習慣了用價值百兩的 金光閃耀的碗, 現在要用樹葉盛食, 這些孩子該怎麼辦? 343 習慣穿著迦尸細布和 上等的亞麻布, 現在要穿粗糙的草衣, 這些孩子該怎麼辦? 344 習慣乘坐轎子、 馬車和戰車, 現在要徒步奔走, 這些孩子該怎麼辦? 345 習慣睡在 無風密閉的高樓, 現在要睡在樹下, 這些孩子該怎麼辦? 346 習慣睡在 鋪著花紋毛毯的床榻, 現在要睡在草鋪上, 這些孩子該怎麼辦? 347 習慣塗抹香料、 沉香和檀香, 現在要沾滿塵垢, 這些孩子該怎麼辦? 348 習慣用牦牛尾拂塵和孔雀扇 扇風享受安樂的他們, 現在要受虻蟲蚊子叮咬, 這些孩子該怎麼辦?" 349 這時愛護毗濕奴多羅的 兒媳對悲痛哀嘆的 國王說道, 為那些孩子: 350 "大王請不要悲嘆, 也不要憂心, 我們將如何生存, 孩子們就會如何生存。" 351 就這樣這些 剎帝利種姓的人們交談著, 夜晚過去, 太陽升起。 352 這時他們牽來 四匹信度馬套上 裝飾華麗的 吉祥御車停在王門前。 353 瑪蒂向公公禮拜后, 帶著兩個孩子, 走在丈夫前面, 首先登上戰車。 354 然後毗濕奴多羅 向父母禮拜, 繞行致敬后, 迅速登上戰車。 355 然後從吉祥門 駕駛裝飾華麗的戰車, 那大聖者安慰 扎利的母親瑪蒂。 356 許多人在路邊 恭敬地禮拜, 合掌注視著 毗濕奴多羅和瑪蒂。 357 他告別眾人說: "我要離去了, 愿你們遠離痛苦得到快樂," 如此向禮拜的人們說道。 358 那王子站在戰車上 離去時教誨 眾人說:"要行佈施 等善行。" 359 當菩薩離去時, 母親如是思考: "從出生起 你就喜歡佈施。" 360 於是她派出 許多裝滿珍寶的 車輛跟隨在 兒子兩側。 361 毗濕奴多羅抵達后 將一切施予 乞求者,甚至 連自己身上的飾品也給了十八次。

362.

Nagarā nikkhamantamhi,

Vessantaresa pettikaṃ;

Nagaraṃ daṭṭhukāmosi,

Tadā saṅkampi medanī.

363.

Tahiṃ rathappamāṇamhi,

Ṭhāne bhijjiya medanī,

Parivattittha kulāla-

Cakkaṃvanagarāmukhī.

364.

Nagaraṃ oloketvāna,

Nagarābhimukhe rathe,

Ṭhitomaddiṃpi dakkhetuṃ,

Evaṃsobravi hāsayaṃ.

365.

Iṅgha maddi nisāmehi,

Rammarūpaṃva dissati;

Āvāso siviseṭṭhassa,

Pettikaṃ bhavanaṃ mama.

366.

Sahajātaamacceca,

Nivattetvā mahājanaṃ;

Rathaṃ pājesi so sīghaṃ,

Modantomaddiyātato.

367.

Anvāgamiṃsu pājentaṃ,

Cattāro brahmaṇā tahiṃ;

Yācituṃ sindhave ete,

Maddī passittha tāvade.

368.

Maddīpi mandasaddena,

Yācakā viya āgatā;

Ityārocesi bhattāraṃ,

Gaṇhantī tassa piṭṭhiyaṃ.

369.

Sādhu bhaddeti vatvāna,

Rathassāgamanaṃ akā;

Brahmaṇā upagantvāna,

Yāciṃsu sindhave tahiṃ.

370.

Modamānova sodāsi,

Brahmaṇānaṃ susindhave;

Brahmaṇādāya gañchiṃsu,

Assesaka nivesanaṃ.

371.

Assesu pana dinnesu,

Cattāro devaputtakā;

Rohiccamigavaṇṇena,

Rathaṃ vahiya gañchisuṃ.

372.

Devā rohiccavaṇṇena,

Vahantīti subuddhimā;

Vijānitvāna maddiṃpi,

Ñāpento evamabravī.

373.

Iṅghapmaddi nisāmehi,

Cittarūpaṃva dissati;

Migaro hiccavaṇṇena,

Dakkhiṇassāvahantimaṃ.

374.

Maddīcevaṃ nicchāresi,

Giraṃ accherarūpinī;

Vessantarassatejena,

Rathaṃvahantidevatā.

375.

Āgantvāna rathaṃ yāci,

Aparo brāhmaṇo tato;

Bodhisattopisodāsi,

Rathaṃ tassa anigghiyaṃ.

376.

Sakappiye dadantamhi,

Maddī pahaṭṭhamānasā;

Sādhukāraṃ pavattesi,

Sadā maccherahiṃsinī.

377.

Dinne rathamhi antara-

Dhāriyiṃsu devaputtakā;

Sabbe te patthikā āsuṃ,

Rājāmaddiṃ tadābravī.

378.

Tvaṃ maddi kaṇhaṃgaṇhāhi,

Lahuesā kaniṭṭhakā;

Ahaṃ jāliṃ gahessāmi,

Garuko bhātikohiso.

379.

Rājā kumāramādāya,

Rājaputtīca dārikaṃ;

Sammodamānā pakkāmuṃ,

Aññamañña piyaṃ vadā.

380.

Āgacchante paṭipathaṃ,

Disvāna addhikejane;

Evaṃ pucchiyagañchiṃsu,

Kuhiṃ vaṅkatapabbato.

381.

Kaluṇaṃ paridevitvā,

Pucchitā addhikājanā;

Evaṃ te paṭivedesuṃ,

Dūrevaṅkatapabbato.

382.

Maggāsannesu passantā,

Dārakā phaline dume;

Tesaṃphalānaṃ hetumhi,

Pitaro uparodare.

383.

Rodante dārake disvā,

Ubbiggā vipulā dumā;

Yasamevonamitvāna,

Upagacchanti dārake.

384.

Idaṃ accherakaṃ disvā,

Maddī sasaṅkasannibhā;

Pitipuṇṇena kāyena,

Evaṃgāyittha nandanā.

385.

Accheraṃ vata lokasmiṃ,

Abbhūtaṃ lomahaṃsanaṃ,

Vessantarassa tejena;

Sayame vonatā dumā.

386.

Saṃkhipiṃsu pathaṃ yakkhā,

Anukampāya dārake;

Nikkhantadivaseneva,

Jetaraṭṭhamupāgamuṃ.

387.

Ekāhenevate tiṃsa-

Yojanāni atikkamuṃ;

Sāyanhe mātulaṃnāma,

Sampattā nagaraṃ subhaṃ.

388.

Nagarassassa dvāramhi,

Sālāyaṃ nisidiṃ sute;

Khedaṃ vinodamānāva,

Tosentā dārake duve.

389.

Maddīpi bodhisattassa,

Rajaṃ pādesu puñchiya;

Sambahitvāna pādeca,

Vijayantī ṭhitā tadā.

390.

Sālāya nikkhamitvāna,

Bhattucakkhupathe ṭhitā;

Disodisaṃ olokesi,

Maddī kantārakhedinī.

391.

Jetiyo parivāriṃsu,

Disvāna asahāyikaṃ

Maddiṃ evaṃugghosiṃsu,

Itthī iccherarūvinī.

我來將這些巴利文詩句完整翻譯成中文: 362 當毗濕奴多羅離開 父親的城市時, 他想要最後看一眼城市, 這時大地震動。 363 在戰車所在之處, 大地裂開, 城市的面貌 如陶工的輪盤般轉動。 364 面對著城市 站在戰車上, 他望著城市, 為使瑪蒂開心如是說道: 365 "看啊,瑪蒂, 多麼美麗的景象, 濕婆人之王的居所, 我父親的城市。" 366 遣返同生的大臣們 和眾人後, 他愉快地與瑪蒂 迅速駕車前行。 367 這時有四位婆羅門 追趕而來, 瑪蒂立即看到 他們是來乞求信度馬的。 368 瑪蒂輕聲地 對丈夫說道, 抓住他的背部: "乞求者來了。" 369 他說"善哉,賢妻", 停下了戰車, 婆羅門們上前來 乞求信度馬。 370 他歡喜地 將信度馬施與婆羅門, 婆羅門們帶著馬 回到各自的住處。 371 當馬被施捨后, 四位天子 化作紅鹿 拉著戰車前進。 372 智慧的他知道 是天神化作紅鹿 拉車,便告訴 瑪蒂說道: 373 "看啊,瑪蒂, 多麼奇妙的景象, 紅鹿般的生物 正拉著我的車。" 374 瑪蒂也說出 令人驚奇的話: "是因毗濕奴多羅的威力, 天神們在拉車。" 375 這時又有一位婆羅門 前來乞求戰車, 菩薩也將 珍貴的戰車施捨給他。 376 當他施捨所愛之物時, 從不吝嗇的瑪蒂 心中歡喜, 發出讚歎。 377 當戰車被施捨后, 天子們消失了, 他們都成了步行者, 國王對瑪蒂說道: 378 "瑪蒂啊,你抱著坎哈, 她是較輕的小女兒, 我來抱著扎利, 這哥哥較重。" 379 國王抱著王子, 王妃抱著公主, 彼此說著 親切的話語前進。 380 遇到迎面而來的 路人時, 他們詢問道: "彎曲山在哪裡?" 381 路人們悲傷地 哭泣著回答: "彎曲山 還在很遠的地方。" 382 在路邊看到 果實纍纍的樹木時, 孩子們爲了果實 向父母哭鬧。 383 看到孩子們哭泣, 高大的樹木震動, 自行彎下枝條 靠近孩子們。 384 看到這奇蹟, 瑪蒂如月亮般清麗, 全身充滿喜悅, 歡喜地唱道: 385 "世間真是奇妙, 令人驚訝震撼, 因毗濕奴多羅的威力, 樹木自行彎下。" 386 夜叉們為憐憫 孩子們而縮短路程, 就在離開的當天 到達制多國。 387 一天之內 他們走了三十由旬, 傍晚時分到達 美麗的舅父城。 388 在那城門的 涼亭中坐下, 驅除疲勞, 安撫兩個孩子。 389 瑪蒂為菩薩 擦拭腳上的塵土, 按摩雙腳, 站在一旁服侍。 390 從涼亭中出來, 站在丈夫視線之內, 疲憊的瑪蒂 四處張望。 391 制多國的婦女們 看到孤單的 瑪蒂,驚呼道: "多麼奇異的女子!"

392.

Vayhāhi pariyāyitvā,

Sivikāya rathenaca;

Sājja maddīaraññasmi,

Patthikā paridhāvati.

393.

Anāthāgamanaṃ maddiṃ,

Bhattārā puttakehica,

Disvāgantvānā cikkhaṃsu,

Jetindānaṃ khaṇena tā.

394.

Taṃ sutvā jetapāmokkhā,

Rodamānā upāgamuṃ;

Vessantarassa pādesa,

Nipacca iti pucchisuṃ.

395.

Kiccinu deva kusalaṃ,

Kicci deva anāmayaṃ;

Kiccipitā arogote,

Sivīnañca anāmayaṃ;

Ko te balaṃ mahārāja,

Konu te rathamaṇḍalaṃ.

396.

Anassako arathako,

Dīghamaddhāna māgato;

Kiccāmittehi pakato,

Anuppatto simaṃdisaṃ.

397.

Atha vessantarorājā,

Āgatahetumattano;

Ñāpetuṃ jetarājūnaṃ,

Imāgāthā abhāsatha.

398.

Kusalañceva mesamma,

Atho samma anāmayaṃ;

Atho vibhā arogome,

Sivīnañca ānāmayaṃ.

399.

Ahañhikuñjaraṃ dajjaṃ,

Sabbasetaṃ gajuttamaṃ;

Brāhmaṇānaṃ sālaṅkāraṃ,

Khettaññuṃ raṭhapūjitaṃ.

400.

Tasmiṃ me sivayokuddhā,

Vibhā upahatomano;

Avaruddhasi maṃ rājā,

Vaṅkaṃgacchāmipabbataṃ.

401.

Tadā te jetarājāno,

Balānuppadamānasā;

Evaṃ tosiṃsu rājānaṃ,

Nikkhantaṃ sakaraṭhato.

402.

Svāgatante mahārāja,

Athoteadurāgataṃ;

Issaro sianuppatto,

Yaṃidhatthipavedaya.

403.

Idheva tāva acchassu,

Jetaraṭṭhe rathesabha;

Yāva jetā gamissanti,

Rañño santika yācituṃ.

404.

Tadā vessantaro āha,

Māvogamittha santikaṃ;

Yācituṃ mama pitussa,

Rājāpi tattha nissaro.

405.

Accuggatāhi sivayo,

Balaggāne gamācaye,

Tepaadhaṃsi tumicchanti,

Rājānaṃ mama kāraṇā.

406.

Saceevaṃ mahārāja,

Siyā jetuttare pure;

Idhevarajjaṃ kārehi,

Jetehi parivārito.

407.

Iddhaṃ phitañcidaṃraṭṭhaṃ,

Iddho janapado mahā;

Matiṃ karohi tvaṃ deva,

Rajjassa manussatituṃ.

408.

Alaṃ me rajjasukhena,

Pabbājitassa raṭṭhato;

Atuṭṭhā sivayocāsuṃ,

Mañcerajjebhisecayyūṃ.

409.

Asammodanī yampivoassa,

Accantaṃ mamakāraṇā;

Sivīhi bhaṇḍanañcāvi,

Viggaho me naruccati.

410.

Paṭiggahitaṃ yaṃ dinnaṃ,

Sabbassa agghiyaṃ kataṃ;

Avaruddhasi maṃ rājā,

Vaṅka gacchāmipabbataṃ.

411.

Aneka pariyāyena,

Jetarājūhi yācito;

Anicchanto paṭikkhīpi,

Rajjaṃ so jetaraṭṭhake.

412.

Nagaraṃ apavīsitvā,

Sālaṃ sāṇiparikkhipaṃ;

Kāretvā ekarattiṃso,

Sayī saputtadārako.

413.

Pubbaṇhasamaye bhutvā,

Nānaggaṃ rasabhojanaṃ;

Nūtvā so jetarājūhi,

Parivutova nikkhami.

414.

Jetarājā pannarasa-

Yojanaṃ jetaraṭṭhato;

Gantvāna vanadvāramhi

Ṭhitāmagga mabhāsisuṃ.

415.

Esaselomahārāja,

Pabbato gandhamādano;

Yatta tvaṃ saha puttehi,

Sahabhariyāya vacchasi.

416.

Taṃ jetā anusāsiṃsu,

Assunettā rudammukhā;

Ito gacchaṃmahārāja,

Ujuṃ yenuttarābhimukho.

417.

Atha dakkhasi bhaddante,

Vepullaṃnāma pabbataṃ;

Nānādumagaṇākiṇṇaṃ,

Sītacchāyaṃ manoramaṃ.

418.

Tamatikkamabhaddante ,

Athadakkhasiāpagaṃ;

Nadiṃketumadiṃnāma,

Gambhīraṃgirigabbharaṃ.

419.

Puthulomacchaākiṇṇaṃ,

Suppatitthaṃmahodakaṃ;

Thattanūtvāpivitvāca,

Assāsetvāsaputtake.

420.

Athadakkhasibhaddante,

Nagrodhaṃmadhuvipphalaṃ;

Rammake sikharejātaṃ,

Sītacchāyaṃmanoramaṃ.

421.

Atha dakkhasi bhaddante,

Nāḷikaṃnāma pabbataṃ;

Nānādija gaṇākiṇṇaṃ,

Selaṃ kiṃ purisāyutaṃ.

我來將這些巴利文詩句完整翻譯成中文: 392 從前乘坐轎子、 馬車和戰車, 如今瑪蒂在森林裡 徒步奔走。 393 看到無依無靠的瑪蒂 與丈夫和孩子們一起, 她們立即去告訴 制多國的諸王。 394 聽到這訊息,制多國的首領們 哭泣著前來, 在毗濕奴多羅腳前 倒地詢問: 395 "王子啊,一切可好? 王子啊,平安無事嗎? 你的父王可安康? 濕婆國人可平安? 大王啊,你的軍隊在哪裡? 你的車隊在何方?" 396 "無馬也無車, 走了很遠的路程, 是否受敵人所害, 才來到這方向?" 397 於是毗濕奴多羅王 爲了告知 制多國諸王 自己到來的原因,說出這些偈頌: 398 "親愛的,我一切都好, 而且也平安無事, 父王也很健康, 濕婆國人也安好。 399 我曾施捨一頭象, 全身潔白的最上象, 連同裝飾給婆羅門, 這是國土尊敬的吉祥象。 400 為此濕婆人生氣, 父王心意受損, 國王將我驅逐, 我要去彎曲山。" 401 這時制多國諸王 懷著同情之心, 如此安慰這位 離開自己國土的國王: 402 "歡迎你,大王, 你來得正是時候, 你已抵達此地, 請說出你的需要。 403 請暫時住在這裡, 制多國的人中之雄, 等制多人去 向國王請求。" 404 這時毗濕奴多羅說: "不要去見他, 去向我父王請求, 即使是國王在那裡也無能為力。 405 濕婆人們高傲, 軍隊和村莊眾多, 他們想要 因我的緣故傷害你們。 406 若是如此,大王, 就住在最高的制多城, 在這裡統治國家, 被制多人圍繞。 407 這國土富庶繁榮, 人民眾多興旺, 請你作出決定,大王, 接受國家的統治。" 408 "我已被驅逐出國, 不需要統治的快樂, 濕婆人不會滿意, 若他們讓我登基為王。 409 你們也會因我 而不快樂, 會與濕婆人爭吵, 我不喜歡紛爭。 410 我已接受了施予, 一切都已完成, 國王將我驅逐, 我要去彎曲山。" 411 雖然制多國諸王 以各種方式請求, 他不願意接受 制多國的王位。 412 不進入城市, 在用簾子圍起的涼亭里, 他與妻兒 只住了一夜。 413 清晨用過 各種美味的食物后, 他在制多國諸王的 陪同下離開。 414 制多國諸王送他 走了十五由旬, 到達森林門口時 站在路上說道: 415 "大王啊,那就是 香醉山的山峰, 你將與兒女 和妻子住在那裡。 416 制多人流著淚, 悲傷著告訴他: "從這裡往前走,大王, 筆直向北方而行。 417 然後你會看到,善者啊, 名叫毗富羅的山, 各種樹木遍佈, 樹蔭涼爽令人愉悅。 418 越過那裡,善者啊, 你會看到一條河流, 名叫旗旛的河, 在深山峽谷中流淌。 419 大魚成群, 水深岸平, 在那裡沐浴飲水, 安撫你的孩子們。 420 然後你會看到,善者啊, 結滿蜜果的榕樹, 生長在美麗的山頂, 樹蔭涼爽令人愉悅。 421 然後你會看到,善者啊, 名叫竹山的山峰, 各種鳥群棲息, 巖石上有仙人居住。"

422.

Tassauttarapubbena,

Mucalindonāmasosaro;

Puṇḍarikehisañchanno,

Setasogandhikehica.

423.

Sovanaṃ meghasaṅkāsaṃ,

Dhuvaṃ haritasaddalaṃ;

Sīhovā misapekkhīva,

Vanasaṇḍaṃ vigāhaya.

424.

Tattha bindussarā vaggū,

Nānāvaṇṇā bahūdijā;

Kūjanti mupakūjanti,

Utusaṃpupphite dume.

425.

Gantvā girividuggānaṃ,

Nadīnaṃ pabhavānica;

So addasa pokkharaṇiṃ,

Karañca-ka kudhāyutaṃ.

426.

Puthulo macchaākiṇṇaṃ,

Suppatitthaṃ mahodakaṃ;

Samañca caturaṃ sañca,

Sāduṃ appatigandhiyaṃ.

427.

Tassā uttarapubbena,

Paṇṇasālaṃ amāpaya;

Paṇṇasālaṃ amāpetvā,

Uñchācariyāya īhatha.

428.

Evañhi jetarājāno,

Ācikkhitvāna añjasaṃ;

Ekaṃ jetaputtaṃ byattaṃ,

Āmantesuṃ susikkhitaṃ.

429.

Gacchantecā gacchanteca,

Pariggaṇhassu luddhaka;

Iccevaṃ saññāpetvāna,

Vanadvāre ṭhapiṃ sutaṃ.

430.

Nānābhaya vinodāya,

Vessantarassa rājino;

Ārakkhaṃ te ṭhapetvāna,

Āgamiṃsu sakaṃpuraṃ.

431.

Vessantaroca gacchanto,

Gandha mādanapabbataṃ;

Saputta dārako patto;

Vissamī divasaṃ tahiṃ.

432.

Tatottarāhi mukhoso,

Gaccha vepulla pabbataṃ;

Patvā tappāda maggena,

Patto ketumatiṃ nadiṃ.

433.

Tissā tīre nisīditvā,

Maṃsaṃkhādiya sundaraṃ;

Dinnamekena luddhena,

Nūtvā pitvāca vissamī.

434.

Soṇṇasūciṃ luddhakassa,

Datvāna so tatoparaṃ;

Gacchanto dakkhinigrodhaṃ,

Pabbatasikhare ṭhitaṃ.

435.

Tassamūle nisīditvā,

Thokaṃphalāni bhuñjiya;

Tatoparaṃ sa gacchanto,

Patto nāḷikapabbataṃ.

436.

Nāḷikaṃ pariharitvā,

Gacchanto so mahāsaraṃ;

Mucalindaṃ upāgañchi,

Nānākamala bhūsitaṃ.

437.

Tassa pubbauttarena,

Khuddamaggena gacchatā;

Diṭṭhaṃ brahāvanaṃ rammaṃ,

Phala pupphāna pūritaṃ.

438.

Tamatikkamma gacchanto,

Anupubbena khatthiyo;

Caturaṃsa pokkharaṇiṃ,

Sampatto, si mahodakaṃ.

439.

Vessantaroca maddīca,

Jālīkaṇhājinā cubho;

Tattheva te vissamiṃsu,

Aññamaññapiyaṃvadā.

440.

Āvajjanto tadā sakko,

Passittha devakuñjaro;

Himavantaṃ mahāsattaṃ,

Paviṭṭhaṃbhayabheravaṃ.

441.

Vissukammaṃ devaputtaṃ,

Pakkosāpiya so tato;

Assamaṃ māpanatthāya,

Pesesi vaṅkapabbataṃ.

442.

Vissukammopi so sīghaṃ,

Otaritvā devalokato;

Vaṅkapabbata kucchimhi,

Māpesi assame duve.

443.

Duveca caṅkameratti-

Divā ṭhānānimāpayi;

Paṭirūpesu ṭhānesu,

Pupphite phalite dume.

444.

Paṭiyādiyitvā samaṇa-

Parikkhāre asesato;

Akkharānipi sokāsi,

Evaṃassama bhittiyaṃ.

445.

Pabbajjaṃ icchamānāce,

Yote ime gaṇhantuve;

Pabbajitvāna acchantu,

Imamhiassame sukhaṃ.

446.

Evaṃlikhitvāna sodevo,

Amanusseca bherave;

Mige khage palāpetvā,

Sakaṭhāna gato ahu.

447.

So ekapadikaṃ maggaṃ,

Disvā vessantaro tato;

Pabbajitāna māvāso,

Ayaṃ hehīti cintiya.

448.

Maddiṃ assama dvāramhi,

Ṭhapetvā puttakepica;

Assamaṃ pavisitvāna,

Passittha akkharāniso.

449.

Idaṃsakkena dinnaṃti,

Utvā so tuṭṭhamānaso;

Paṇṇasālaṃ pavisittha,

Ekako pabbajetave.

450.

Tahiṃ dhanuñca khaggañca,

Apanetvā sasāṭake;

Omuñcitvāna soratta-

Vākacīraṃ nivāsayi.

451.

Aṃse katvāna ajina-

Cammañca sakkadattiyaṃ;

Gaṇhittha isivesaṃso,

Bandhitvā jaṭamaṇḍalaṃ.

以下是巴利文的完整中文直譯: 422 在它的東北方向, 有一個名叫目遮林達的湖泊; 佈滿了白色的蓮花, 還有白色的水生花朵。 423 那片森林如雲般廣大, 常年鬱鬱蔥蔥翠綠; 像獅子或猛獸般謹慎, 漸漸深入茂密的林中。 424 那裡悅耳的鳥鳴聲, 多彩羽毛的眾多鳥兒; 在應季盛開的樹上, 互相應和地歌唱鳴叫。 425 走過山中險峻之處, 以及眾多河流發源地; 他看見一個蓮池, 周圍長滿了卡蘭遮卡樹。 426 寬闊的水面游魚成群, 水量充沛岸邊平緩; 水質清澈且平靜, 甘甜可口沒有異味。 427 在它的東北方向, 建造了一座樹葉小屋; 建好了樹葉小屋后, 便開始採集食物維生。 428 就這樣,勝利的諸王, 指明了正確的道路; 召喚一位聰明能幹, 訓練有素的勝軍之子。 429 "去時和回來時, 要仔細觀察,獵人啊;" 這樣囑咐之後, 便將他安置在林門處。 430 爲了消除種種恐懼, 保護韋山達羅王; 他們安排了守衛, 然後返回自己的城市。 431 韋山達羅繼續前行, 朝著香醉山前進; 帶著妻兒到達后, 在那裡休息了一天。 432 從那裡向北行進, 他到達毗富羅山; 沿著山腳的路徑, 到達了計都摩提河。 433 坐在河岸邊上, 吃著美味的肉食; 這是一位獵人所贈, 飲水休息後繼續前行。 434 他給了那獵人 一根金針作為答謝; 繼續前行到達 山頂上的右尼拘律樹。 435 在樹下坐下休息, 吃了一些果實; 之後繼續前進, 到達了那利迦山。 436 繞過那利迦山後, 他朝著大湖前進; 來到目遮林達湖, 湖中decorated有各種蓮花。 437 在湖的東北方向, 沿著一條小路前進; 看見了美麗的婆羅門林, 果實鮮花豐富繁茂。 438 越過那裡繼續前進, 這位剎帝利王漸行; 來到了一個方形蓮池, 那裡水量充沛豐盈。 439 韋山達羅和瑪蒂, 以及迦利、甘哈吉那兩個孩子; 他們在那裡休息, 互相說著親切的話語。 440 此時天帝釋思慮, 這位天界之王看見; 大士已進入雪山, 那充滿可怖恐懼之處。 441 他召喚天子 毗首羯摩前來; 爲了建造居所, 派他去了曲山。 442 毗首羯摩迅速地 從天界降臨下來; 在曲山的山腹中, 建造了兩座精舍。 443 建造了兩條經行道和 晝夜居住的場所; 在適當的地方種植 開花結果的樹木。 444 準備齊全了一切 沙門所需用品; 他還在精舍墻上 刻下了文字。 445 "若有人想出家, 可以取用這些物品; 出家后可以 安樂住在這精舍中。" 446 這位天神如此寫下後, 驅散了可怕的非人; 把野獸和鳥類趕走, 便返回了自己的住處。 447 韋山達羅看到 那裡的一條小徑后; 想著:"這裡會成為 出家人的住處。" 448 讓瑪蒂和孩子們 在精舍門口等待; 他進入精舍后, 看見了那些文字。 449 知道這是帝釋所賜, 他心中充滿歡喜; 獨自一人進入葉屋, 準備出家。 450 在那裡他放下弓箭、 寶劍和衣服; 脫下後換上 紅色的樹皮衣。 451 他披上天帝所賜的 羚羊皮在肩上; 束起螺髻髮型后, 穿上了仙人裝束。

452.

Daṇḍamādāya nikkhamma,

Paṇṇasālāya caṅkamaṃ;

Āruyha uda, netvānaṃ,

Caṅkamī aparāparaṃ.

453.

Tatoso puttadārānaṃ,

Santikaṃ saṃvutindriyo;

Āgañchi saṭṭhi vassova,

Thero oruyha caṅkamā.

454.

Maddīdisvā mahāsattaṃ,

Kalunaṃ paridevayi;

Nipacca tassa pādesu,

Purāṇāni anutthunaṃ.

455.

Tato sā bodhisattena,

Saddhiṃ pavisi assamaṃ;

Gantvā sakapaṇṇasālaṃ,

Isivesaggahā ahu.

456.

Pacchāputtepi tāpasa-

Kumārake kariṃsute;

Vasiṃsu vaṅkakucchimhi,

Cattāro khattiyājanā.

457.

Athamaddī varaṃyāci,

Mahāsattaṃ mahāisiṃ;

Mātumhe devagañchittha,

Phalāphala gavesanaṃ.

458.

Idhaputte gahetvāna,

Vaseyyātha yathāsukhaṃ;

Ahamevā harissāmi,

Mūlāleca phalāphale.

459.

Evaṃvaraṃ yācitvāna,

Araññato phalāphalaṃ;

Āharitvāna posesi,

Jaṭinīsā tayojane.

460.

Bodhisattopi yācitta,

Varaṃmaddiṃ sucāriniṃ;

Māgaccha ākālebhadde,

Paṭṭhāyito mamantikaṃ.

461.

Itthīca brahmacariya-

Malaṃnāma sumedhase;

Brahmacāriṃhi nāsenti,

Tasmā yācāmi maṃvaraṃ.

462.

Sampaṭicchittha sādhūti,

Sāmaddī brahmacārinī;

Sakaṭṭhāne te vasiṃsu,

Bhāventā piya bhāvanaṃ.

464.

Mettāya ānubhāvena,

Mahesissa tiyojane;

Aññamaññaṃ mettāyiṃsu,

Samantā sabbapāṇino.

464.

Pātovuṭṭhāya maddīpi,

Upaṭṭhāpiya pāniyaṃ;

Paribhojaniyañceva,

Mukhodakañca āhari.

465.

Dantakaṭṭhañca pādāsi,

Tato assamamaṇḍalaṃ;

Sammajitvāna dveputte,

Ṭhapetvā pitusantike.

466.

Khaṇittiṃ pacchi mādāya,

Aṅkusañcāpi gaṇhiya;

Vanamūlaphalatthāya,

Pāvekkhi ekikāvanaṃ.

497.

Sāyanhasamaye pacchiṃ,

Mūlālehi phalehica;

Pūrāpetvāna sāgañchi,

Paṇṇasālaṃ araññato.

468.

Phalapacchiṃ nikkhipetvā,

Sayaṃ nhātvāna puttake;

Nhāpetvāca bhuñjiṃsu,

Modentā caturojanā.

469.

Bhutvā nallāpa sallāpaṃ,

Katvāna puttake duve;

Maddīādāya pāvīsi,

Sāpaṇṇasālamattano.

470.

Evaṃvuttaniyāmena,

Cattārokhattiyājanā;

Vaṅkapabbatakucchimhi,

Sattamāsevasiṃsute.

471.

Tadākaliṅgaraṭṭhamhi ,

Gāmamhidunniviṭṭhake;

Brahmaṇojūcakonāma,

Bhikkhācāro alakkhiko.

472.

Kahāpaṇasataṃladdhā,

Bhikkhācārenabrāhmaṇo;

Ekabrāhmaṇakulamhi,

Thapetvāpunasogato.

473.

Anāgantvācirāyante,

Jūcakamhigahāpaṇaṃ,

Khīṇaṃbrāhmaṇagehamhi,

Valañjetvāasesato.

474.

Codesigahāpaṇaṃso ,

Pacchāgantvānajūcako;

Kahāpaṇassakhīṇattā,

Dātuṃnāsakkhibrāhmaṇo.

475.

Dhītā tassa brāhmaṇassa,

Nāmenāmittatāpanā;

Yuvatīrūpavantīca,

Jūcakassaadaṃsutaṃ.

476.

Vasitthadunniviṭṭhamhi ,

Ādāyāmittatāpanaṃ;

Dahariṃjiṇṇakopāpo,

Jūcakoyācajīvako.

477.

Amittatāpanāsammā,

Garuṃkatvānabrāhmaṇaṃ;

Paṭijaggatiindaṃva,

Sūjāuṭṭhānasīlinī.

478.

Yuvānobrāhmaṇāaññe,

Disvānāmittatāpanaṃ;

Jāyāvattenasampannaṃ,

Sadāreititajjare.

479.

Ayaṃmahallakaṃsammā ,

Paṭijaggatijūcakaṃ;

Kiṃ pamajjatha amhākaṃ,

Yuvānānaṃtu vo sataṃ.

480.

Paṭijaggathanobālā,

Passitvā mittatāpanaṃ;

Nocepaṭijaggeyyātha,

Daṇḍessāmakharaṃbhusaṃ.

481.

Tajjitā bhariyāsabbā,

Patīhi bhayamānasā;

Sannisinnā mantaliṃsu;

Ārabbhāmittatāpanaṃ.

482.

Palāpessāma ayyāyo,

Imamhādunni viṭṭhato;

Evaṃsukhaṃ vihissāma,

Jūcakassa pajāpatiṃ.

以下是巴利文的完整中文直譯: 452 拿起手杖走出來, 來到葉屋的經行道; 登上經行道后, 來回地經行。 453 然後他像六十歲的長老, 克制著諸根, 從經行道下來, 走向妻兒所在之處。 454 瑪蒂看見大士, 悲傷地哭泣; 跪拜在他腳下, 追憶往昔之事。 455 之後她與菩薩 一同進入精舍; 走進自己的葉屋, 穿上了仙人裝束。 456 後來他們也讓孩子們 成為苦行者的模樣; 這四位剎帝利 住在曲山的山腹中。 457 這時瑪蒂向大聖者 大士請求一個恩惠: "讓我去採集 果實和根莖。 458 你在這裡和孩子們 隨意安樂地生活; 我一個人去採集 根莖和果實。" 459 如此請求恩惠后, 她從森林中採集果實; 為這三個人帶來食物, 這位結髮苦行女。 460 菩薩也向品行良好的 瑪蒂請求一個恩惠: "賢妻啊,不要在不當時 從今以後來我這裡。 461 智者啊,女人是 梵行的污點; 她們會毀壞梵行者, 因此我請求這個恩惠。" 462 那瑪蒂這位梵行者 說"善哉"接受了; 他們各住各處, 修習慈心禪定。 463 因為大仙人 慈心的力量, 方圓三由旬內, 所有生命互相慈愛。 464 瑪蒂清晨起來, 準備好飲用水; 以及用餐用水, 和漱口用水。 465 遞上了牙刷后, 打掃精舍庭院; 將兩個孩子 安置在父親身邊。 466 拿起鏟子和籃子, 還帶著鉤子, 爲了採集樹根果實, 獨自一人進入森林。 467 在傍晚時分, 裝滿根莖和果實的籃子; 她從森林中 回到葉屋。 468 放下果實籃子, 自己沐浴后為孩子們沐浴; 然後四個人 歡喜地用餐。 469 用完餐后與兩個 孩子親切交談; 瑪蒂便進入 自己的葉屋。 470 就這樣按照規矩, 這四位剎帝利; 在曲山的山腹中, 居住了七個月。 471 那時在迦陵伽國, 在杜尼維托卡村中; 有位名叫朱加卡的 婆羅門乞食運氣不佳。 472 這婆羅門通過乞食 得到了一百個迦沙錢; 存放在一個 婆羅門家中后又離去。 473 朱加卡長期不來, 那家人把錢 全部用完, 一分不剩。 474 後來朱加卡回來 討要他的錢; 因為錢已用盡, 婆羅門無法歸還。 475 那婆羅門有個女兒, 名叫阿米塔塔帕那; 年輕且容貌美麗, 他們把她給了朱加卡。 476 在婆悉他杜尼維托卡, 邪惡的老朱加卡 娶了年輕的 阿米塔塔帕那為妻。 477 阿米塔塔帕那 尊重這位婆羅門; 勤勞善於工作, 照顧他如照顧帝釋天。 478 其他年輕的婆羅門 看見阿米塔塔帕那; 是如此賢惠的妻子, 便經常騷擾她。 479 "這位賢妻照顧 老朱加卡; 你們為何不關心 我們這些年輕人?" 480 "你們這些愚人看到 阿米塔塔帕那后, 若不好好照顧我們, 我們將嚴厲懲罰你們。" 481 所有妻子被丈夫 威脅而心生恐懼; 聚在一起商議 關於阿米塔塔帕那的事。 482 "姐妹們,我們要把她 從這杜尼維托卡趕走; 這樣我們就能安樂, 這朱加卡的妻子。"

483.

Mantayitvānatā evaṃ,

Nadiṃ udakahāriyā;

Samāgantā ujjhāyiṃsu,

Titthe amittatāpanaṃ.

484.

Amittānunatemātā ,

Amittonunatepitā;

Yesaṃjiṇṇassapādaṃsu,

Evaṃ dahariyaṃ satiṃ.

485.

Ahitaṃvatateññātī,

Mantayiṃsu rahogatā;

Yetaṃjiṇṇassa pādaṃsu,

Evaṃ dahariyaṃsatiṃ.

486.

Amanāpavāsaṃvasati ,

Jiṇṇenapatināsaha;

Yātvaṃvasasijiṇṇassa,

Matantejīvitāvaraṃ.

487.

Nahinunatevindiṃsu,

Mātāpitācasobhaṇe;

Tuyhatthāyajūcakamhā,

Patiṃaññaṃsuyobbanaṃ.

488.

Duyiṭṭhaṃtenavamiyā,

Akataṃaggihutakaṃ;

Yetaṃjiṇṇassapādaṃsu,

Evaṃdahariyaṃsatiṃ.

489.

Samaṇe brāhmaṇe suddhe,

Akkosi brāhmacārine;

Yenatenadaharītvaṃ,

Maññejiṇṇenasaṅgamī.

490.

Nadukkhaṃahinādaṭṭhaṃ,

Nadukkhaṃsattiyāhataṃ;

Tañcadukkhañcatibbañca,

Yaṃpassejiṇṇakaṃpatiṃ.

491.

Natthikhiṭṭānatthirati ,

Jiṇṇenapatināsaha;

Natthiallāpasallāpo,

Jagghituṃvinasobhati.

492.

Yadādaharodaharī,

Mantayiṃsurahogatā;

Sabbasokāvinassanti,

Yekecihadayassitā.

493.

Daharītvaṃrūpātī,

Purisātvamabhipatthitā;

Gaccha ñātikule accha,

Kiṃ jiṇṇo ramayissati.

494.

Rodamānāvaāgañchi ,

Sāgharaṃparibhāsitā;

Brāhmaṇīhi hirāyantī,

Ghaṭamādāyasīghaso.

495.

Rodantiṃ āgataṃjāyaṃ,

Disvākiṃ bhotirodiya;

Āgaccha sītipucchittha,

Paccuggacchaṃ vajūcako.

496.

Natebrāhmaṇa gacchāmi,

Nadiṃ udakahāriyā;

Thiyomaṃparibhāsiṃsu,

Tayājiṇṇenabrāhmaṇa.

497.

Brāhmaṇyābhāsamānāya,

Kathaṃsutvānabrāhmaṇo;

Tosentobhariyaṃruṇṇaṃ,

Jiṇṇosoetadabravī.

498.

Māmetvaṃakarākammaṃ,

Mameudakamāhari;

Ahaṃudakamāhissaṃ,

Mābhotikupitāahu.

499.

Nāhaṃtamhikulejātā ,

Yaṃtvaṃudakamāhari;

Evaṃbrāhmaṇajānāhi,

Natevacchāmihaṃghare.

500.

Sacemedāsaṃdāsiṃ vā,

Nānayissasibrāhmaṇa;

Evaṃbrāhmaṇajānāhi,

Natevacchāmasantike.

501.

Natthime sibbaṭṭhānaṃvā,

Dhanadhaññañca brahmaṇi;

Kutotaṃ dāsaṃdāsiṃ vā,

Ānayissāmi bhotiyā,

Ahaṃbhotiṃ upaṭṭhissaṃ,

Mābhotiku pitāahu.

502.

Ehite aha makkhissaṃ,

Yathāmevacanaṃsutaṃ;

Esavessantaro rājā,

Vaṅkevasati pabbate.

503.

Taṃtvaṃgantvāna yācassu,

Dāsaṃdāsiñca brahmaṇa;

Sotedassati yācito,

Dāsaṃdāsiñca khatthiyo.

504.

Jiṇṇohasmi dubbalo,

Dīghocaddhāsu duggamo;

Kathaṃgantuṃ sakkhissami,

Upaṭhissāmi taṃ ahaṃ.

505.

Yathāagantvā saṅgāmaṃ,

Ayuddhova parājito,

Evameva tuvaṃbrahme,

Agantvāva parājito.

506.

Saceme dāsaṃdāsiṃ vā,

Nānayissasi brahmaṇa;

Evaṃ brahmaṇa jānāhi,

Natevacchā mahaṃghare;

Amanāpaṃ tekarissāmi,

Taṃtedukkhaṃ bhavissati.

507.

Nakkhatte utupupphesu,

Yadāmaṃdakkhasi laṅkataṃ;

Aññehi saddhiṃ ramamānaṃ,

Tantedukkhaṃ bhavissati.

508.

Adassanena mayhaṃte,

Jiṇṇassa paridevato;

Bhiyyovaṅkā palitāca,

Bahūhessanti brahmaṇa.

509.

Tato so brahmaṇo bhīto,

Brahmaṇiyāva sānugo;

Aṭṭito kāmarāgena,

Brahmaṇiṃ etadabravī.

510.

Pātheyyaṃmekarohitvaṃ ,

Saṃkulyāsakalānica;

Madhupiṇḍikācasukatāyo,

Satthu bhattañcabrahmaṇi.

511.

Ānayissaṃ methunake,

Ubhodāsakumārake;

Tetaṃparicarissanti,

Rattiṃdivamatanditā.

512.

Sākhippaṃpaṭiyādesi ,

Pātheyyaṃmittatāpanā;

Paṭiyāditanti ācikkhi,

Brahmaṇassaalakkhino.

以下是巴利文的完整中文直譯: 483 她們如此商議后, 在取水的河邊; 聚集在一起責備 渡口邊的阿米塔塔帕那。 484 "你的母親不是敵人, 你的父親不是敵人; 但他們把你這樣的少女, 給了一個老人。 485 你的親戚們在私下 商議時真是害了你; 把你這樣的少女, 嫁給了一個老人。 486 你和老丈夫一起 過著不愉快的生活; 你與老人同住, 死亡比活著更好。 487 美人啊,你的父母 並不愛護你; 他們沒有為你找個 年輕人而是找了朱加卡。 488 你這年輕人嫁給老人, 就像沒有正確獻祭; 他們把你這樣的少女, 給了一個老人。 489 你一定咒罵過 清凈的沙門婆羅門; 所以你這樣年輕, 卻要與老人相配。 490 蛇咬的痛苦不算什麼, 劍傷的痛苦不算什麼; 但看到老年丈夫, 那才是深重的痛苦。 491 與老丈夫在一起 沒有歡樂沒有歡笑; 沒有親密的交談, 笑也變得不合適。 492 當年輕人與年輕女子 私下交談時; 一切心中的憂愁 都會消失無蹤。 493 你年輕又美麗, 男人都仰慕你; 回到親族家去吧, 老人怎能讓你快樂?" 494 她被婆羅門妻子們 訓斥后哭著回家; 因羞恥心而 匆忙拿著水罐。 495 朱加卡看見妻子 哭著回來便問道: "夫人為何哭泣? 來吧,坐下。" 496 "婆羅門啊,我不去 河邊取水了; 那些婦女辱罵我, 說你太老了。 497 婆羅門聽到 妻子說的話; 安慰哭泣的妻子, 這老人這樣說: 498 "不要讓我做那工作, 不要為我取水; 我會自己去取水, 請你不要生氣。" 499 "我不是出生在 讓你去取水的家庭; 婆羅門啊要知道, 我不會住在你家。 500 如果你不給我 僕人或婢女,婆羅門; 你要知道, 我就不會留在你身邊。 501 婆羅門女啊,我沒有 縫紉工具和財物糧食; 我從哪裡能給你 找來僕人婢女呢? 我會服侍你, 請不要生氣。" 502 "來,我告訴你 我所聽到的話; 韋山達羅王 住在曲山。 503 婆羅門啊,你去 向他乞求僕婢; 那位剎帝利 必會應你所求。 504 "我年老體衰, 路途遙遠難行; 我怎能前往? 我會服侍你。" 505 "就像不去戰場, 未戰就已敗; 婆羅門啊,你也是 不去就已敗。 506 如果你不給我 帶來僕人婢女; 婆羅門啊要知道, 我就不住你家; 我會讓你不快, 這將成為你的痛苦。 507 在節日花開時, 你若見我盛裝, 與他人一同歡樂, 那將是你的痛苦。 508 因見不到我, 你這老人會悲嘆; 你的駝背和白髮, 婆羅門啊會更多。" 509 於是那婆羅門 害怕妻子,順從她; 被愛慾所折磨, 對婆羅門女說: 510 "婆羅門女啊,你為我準備 路上所需的糧食; 準備糕點和 蜜團與熟食。 511 我會給你帶回 一對少年僕婢; 他們會日夜不倦 地服侍你。" 512 阿米塔塔帕那 迅速準備好路糧; 告訴這個不幸的 婆羅門已準備妥當。

513.

Gehedubbalaṭhānaṃso,

Thiraṃkatvānabrahmaṇo;

Bhariyāyagopanatthaṃ,

Guttadvārañcasaṅkhari.

514.

Dārūniāharitvāna,

Ghaṭepūresivārinā;

Jāyāyasukhavāsatthaṃ,

Anikkhantuṃcagehato.

515.

Paccakkheyeva jāyāya,

Isivesaṃsamādiya;

Passitvābhariyaṃevaṃ,

Ovadesisajūcako.

516.

Itopaṭhāyatvaṃbhadde,

Vikālemāssunikkhami;

Mamaāgamanāyāva,

Vasesiappamattakā.

517.

Idaṃvatvānalaggitvā ,

Sopātheyyapasibbahaṃ;

Upāhanañcaāruyha,

Gaṇhīkattaradaṇḍakaṃ.

以下是巴利文的完整中文直譯: 513 那婆羅門加固了 房子里脆弱的地方; 爲了保護妻子, 還準備了門鎖。 514 他搬來了柴火, 用水灌滿了罐子; 爲了妻子住得舒適, 不必出門。 515 就在妻子面前, 穿上了仙人裝束; 看著妻子, 朱加卡這樣教導: 516 "從今以後,賢妻啊, 不要在不當時出門; 要等到我回來, 謹慎地居住。" 517 說完這些話后, 背上糧食包袱; 穿上涼鞋, 拿起手杖。

518.

Tatosoruṇṇamukhena,

Bhariyaṃkatvāpadakkhiṇaṃ;

Socamāno vapakkāmi,

Dāsake pariyesituṃ.

以下是巴利文的完整中文直譯: 518 然後他帶著哭泣的臉, 向妻子行右繞禮; 悲傷地離開, 去尋找僕人。