B0102030205kassapasaṃyuttaṃ（迦葉相應經）c3.5s

Kassapasaṃyuttaṃ
Santuṭṭhasuttaṃ
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… 『『santuṭṭhāyaṃ [santuṭṭhoyaṃ (sī.)], bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca cīvaraṃ agadhito [agathito (sī.)] amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati』』.

『『Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena piṇḍapātena, itarītarapiṇḍapātasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca piṇḍapātahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.

『『Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena senāsanena, itarītarasenāsanasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca senāsanahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca senāsanaṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca senāsanaṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.

『『Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, itarītaragilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.

『『Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – 『santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino; na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjissāma; aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na ca paritassissāma; laddhā ca cīvaraṃ agadhitā amucchitā anajjhāpannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjissāma』』』. (Evaṃ sabbaṃ kātabbaṃ).

『『『Santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena piṇḍapātena…pe… santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena senāsanena…pe… santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, itarītaragilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino; na ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjissāma aladdhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ na paritassissāma; laddhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ agadhitā amucchitā anajjhāpannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjissāmā』ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṃ. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa [yo vā pana (sī.), yo vā (pī.)] kassapasadiso, ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba』』nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

Anottappīsuttaṃ
迦葉相應
知足經
在舍衛城住……乃至……"諸比丘,迦葉對任何衣服都知足,他讚歎對任何衣服的知足;他不會因為衣服而做不適當的尋求;沒有得到衣服時不焦慮;得到衣服時不貪著、不迷戀、不執著,能看到過患,有出離的智慧而受用。諸比丘,迦葉對任何食物都知足,他讚歎對任何食物的知足;他不會因為食物而做不適當的尋求;沒有得到食物時不焦慮;得到食物時不貪著、不迷戀、不執著,能看到過患,有出離的智慧而受用。諸比丘,迦葉對任何住處都知足,他讚歎對任何住處的知足;他不會因為住處而做不適當的尋求;沒有得到住處時不焦慮;得到住處時不貪著、不迷戀、不執著,能看到過患,有出離的智慧而受用。諸比丘,迦葉對任何醫藥用品都知足,他讚歎對任何醫藥用品的知足;他不會因為醫藥用品而做不適當的尋求;沒有得到醫藥用品時不焦慮;得到醫藥用品時不貪著、不迷戀、不執著,能看到過患,有出離的智慧而受用。因此,諸比丘,你們應當如此學習:'我們將對任何衣服知足,讚歎對任何衣服的知足;我們不會因為衣服而做不適當的尋求;沒有得到衣服時不焦慮;得到衣服時不貪著、不迷戀、不執著,能看到過患,有出離的智慧而受用。'(其他專案也應如此) '我們將對任何食物知足……我們將對任何住處知足……我們將對任何醫藥用品知足,讚歎對任何醫藥用品的知足;我們不會因為醫藥用品而做不適當的尋求;沒有得到醫藥用品時不焦慮;得到醫藥用品時不貪著、不迷戀、不執著,能看到過患,有出離的智慧而受用。'諸比丘,你們應當如此學習。諸比丘,我將教導你們,或者像迦葉那樣的人將教導你們,被教導后你們應當如實地修行。" 第一
無愧經
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca sāriputto bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākassapena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – 『『vuccati hidaṃ, āvuso kassapa, anātāpī anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya; ātāpī ca kho ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā』』ti.

『『Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, anātāpī hoti anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya; kittāvatā ca panāvuso, ātāpī hoti ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā』』ti? 『『Idhāvuso, bhikkhu 『anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti na ātappaṃ karoti, 『uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti na ātappaṃ karoti, 『anuppannā me kusalā dhammānuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti na ātappaṃ karoti, 『uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti na ātappaṃ karoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anātāpī hoti』』.

『『Kathañcāvuso, anottappī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu 『anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti na ottappati, 『uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti na ottappati, 『anuppannā me kusalā dhammānuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti na ottappati, 『uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti na ottappati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anottappī hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anātāpī anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya.

『『Kathañcāvuso, ātāpī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu 『anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti ātappaṃ karoti, 『uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti ātappaṃ karoti, anuppannā me kusalā dhammā…pe… ātappaṃ karoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ātāpī hoti.

『『Kathañcāvuso, ottappī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu 『anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti ottappati, 『uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti ottappati, 『anuppannā me kusalā dhammā anuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti ottappati, 『uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu』nti ottappati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ottappī hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ātāpī ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā』』ti. Dutiyaṃ.

Candūpamasuttaṃ
如是我聞：一時，尊者大迦葉和尊者舍利弗住在波羅奈城仙人墮處的鹿野苑。那時，尊者舍利弗在傍晚時分從獨處起來，來到尊者大迦葉所在之處。來到后，與尊者大迦葉互相問候。互相寒暄問候后，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者舍利弗對尊者大迦葉說："友迦葉，據說不精進、無愧者不能證悟，不能涅槃，不能獲得無上解脫；而精進、有愧者能夠證悟，能夠涅槃，能夠獲得無上解脫。" "友，怎樣才算是不精進、無愧，不能證悟，不能涅槃，不能獲得無上解脫？又怎樣才算是精進、有愧，能夠證悟，能夠涅槃，能夠獲得無上解脫呢？" "在這裡，友，比丘對'我未生起的惡不善法若生起會導致不利'不精進，對'我已生起的惡不善法若不斷會導致不利'不精進，對'我未生起的善法若不生起會導致不利'不精進，對'我已生起的善法若滅失會導致不利'不精進。友，這就是不精進。" "友，怎樣是無愧呢？在這裡，友，比丘對'我未生起的惡不善法若生起會導致不利'不感到羞愧，對'我已生起的惡不善法若不斷會導致不利'不感到羞愧，對'我未生起的善法若不生起會導致不利'不感到羞愧，對'我已生起的善法若滅失會導致不利'不感到羞愧。友，這就是無愧。友，這樣不精進、無愧者不能證悟，不能涅槃，不能獲得無上解脫。" "友，怎樣是精進呢？在這裡，友，比丘對'我未生起的惡不善法若生起會導致不利'而精進，對'我已生起的惡不善法若不斷會導致不利'而精進，對'我未生起的善法……'而精進。友，這就是精進。" "友，怎樣是有愧呢？在這裡，友，比丘對'我未生起的惡不善法若生起會導致不利'感到羞愧，對'我已生起的惡不善法若不斷會導致不利'感到羞愧，對'我未生起的善法若不生起會導致不利'感到羞愧，對'我已生起的善法若滅失會導致不利'感到羞愧。友，這就是有愧。友，這樣精進、有愧者能夠證悟，能夠涅槃，能夠獲得無上解脫。" 第二
月喻經
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… 『『candūpamā, bhikkhave, kulāni upasaṅkamatha – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavakā kulesu appagabbhā [appagabbā (ka.)]. Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, puriso jarudapānaṃ vā olokeyya pabbatavisamaṃ vā nadīviduggaṃ vā – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, candūpamā kulāni upasaṅkamatha – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavakā kulesu appagabbhā』』.

『『Kassapo, bhikkhave, candūpamo kulāni upasaṅkamati – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavako kulesu appagabbho. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu arahati kulāni upasaṅkamitu』』nti? 『『Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī』』ti.

Atha kho bhagavā ākāse pāṇiṃ cālesi. 『『Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ ākāse pāṇi na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno kulāni upasaṅkamato kulesu cittaṃ na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati – 『labhantu lābhakāmā, puññakāmā karontu puññānī』ti; yathāsakena lābhena attamano hoti sumano, evaṃ paresaṃ lābhena attamano hoti sumano; evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahati kulāni upasaṅkamituṃ.

『『Kassapassa, bhikkhave, kulāni upasaṅkamato kulesu cittaṃ na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati – 『labhantu lābhakāmā, puññakāmā karontu puññānī』ti; yathāsakena lābhena attamano hoti sumano; evaṃ paresaṃ lābhena attamano hoti sumano.

『『Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpassa bhikkhuno aparisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti, kathaṃrūpassa bhikkhuno parisuddhā dhammadesanā hotī』』ti? 『『Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho . Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī』』ti. 『『Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

『『Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – 『aho vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ pasīdeyyuṃ, pasannā ca me pasannākāraṃ kareyyu』nti; evarūpassa kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno aparisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti.

『『Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – 『svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti [viññūhi (?)]. Aho, vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ ājāneyyuṃ, ājānitvā ca pana tathattāya paṭipajjeyyu』nti. Iti dhammasudhammataṃ paṭicca paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, kāruññaṃ paṭicca anuddayaṃ [anudayaṃ (bahūsu) dvittakāraṇaṃ pana gavesitabbaṃ] paṭicca anukampaṃ upādāya paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Evarūpassa kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno parisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti.

『『Kassapo, bhikkhave, evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – 『svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti. Aho, vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ ājāneyyuṃ, ājānitvā ca pana tathattāya paṭipajjeyyu』nti. Iti dhammasudhammataṃ paṭicca paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, kāruññaṃ paṭicca anuddayaṃ paṭicca anukampaṃ upādāya paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa kassapasadiso, ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba』』nti. Tatiyaṃ.

Kulūpakasuttaṃ
在舍衛城住……乃至……"諸比丘,你們應當像月亮一樣親近俗家 - 收斂身體,收斂心意,在俗家中總是保持新來者的態度,不要放肆。諸比丘,就像一個人觀看深井或山崖或河流險處時 - 收斂身體,收斂心意;同樣地,諸比丘,你們應當像月亮一樣親近俗家 - 收斂身體,收斂心意,在俗家中總是保持新來者的態度,不要放肆。" "諸比丘,迦葉像月亮一樣親近俗家 - 收斂身體,收斂心意,在俗家中總是保持新來者的態度,不放肆。諸比丘,你們認為怎樣的比丘才配親近俗家呢?" "世尊,我們的法以世尊為根本,以世尊為嚮導,以世尊為依歸。善哉,世尊,請為我們解釋這段話的含義。聽了世尊的解釋,比丘們就會記住。" 於是世尊在空中揮動手掌。"諸比丘,就像這隻手掌在空中不粘著、不執取、不束縛;同樣地,諸比丘,任何比丘親近俗家時,心不粘著、不執取、不束縛于俗家 - '愿求利者得利,愿求福者行福';他對自己的所得感到滿足歡喜,也對他人的所得感到滿足歡喜。諸比丘,這樣的比丘才配親近俗家。" "諸比丘,迦葉親近俗家時,心不粘著、不執取、不束縛于俗家 - '愿求利者得利,愿求福者行福';他對自己的所得感到滿足歡喜,也對他人的所得感到滿足歡喜。" "諸比丘,你們認為怎樣的比丘說法不清凈,怎樣的比丘說法清凈呢?" "世尊,我們的法以世尊為根本,以世尊為嚮導,以世尊為依歸。善哉,世尊,請為我們解釋這段話的含義。聽了世尊的解釋,比丘們就會記住。" "那麼,諸比丘,仔細聽,好好作意,我要說了。" "是的,世尊。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊說道: "諸比丘,任何比丘懷著這樣的心態為他人說法:'啊,愿他們聽我說法,聽后對法生信,有信后對我表示敬意。'諸比丘,這樣的比丘說法是不清凈的。" "然而,諸比丘,任何比丘懷著這樣的心態為他人說法:'世尊所說之法是善說的、現見的、無時的、來見的、導向的、智者自知的。啊,愿他們聽我說法,聽后能理解法,理解后能如實修行。'他因法的殊勝而為他人說法,因慈悲心、憐憫心、同情心而為他人說法。諸比丘,這樣的比丘說法是清凈的。" "諸比丘,迦葉懷著這樣的心態為他人說法:'世尊所說之法是善說的、現見的、無時的、來見的、導向的、智者自知的。啊,愿他們聽我說法,聽后能理解法,理解后能如實修行。'他因法的殊勝而為他人說法,因慈悲心、憐憫心、同情心而為他人說法。諸比丘,我將教導你們,或者像迦葉那樣的人將教導你們,被教導后你們應當如實地修行。" 第三
親近俗家經
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… 『『taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu arahati kulūpako hotuṃ, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu na arahati kulūpako hotu』』nti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… bhagavā etadavoca –

『『Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – 『dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; sīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca』nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti, tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ…pe… lūkhaṃ denti, no paṇītaṃ… dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ, tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na arahati kūlūpako hotuṃ.

『『Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – 『taṃ kutettha labbhā parakulesu – dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; dīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca』nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Lūkhaṃ denti, no paṇītaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahati kulūpako hotuṃ.

『『Kassapo, bhikkhave, evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – 『taṃ kutettha labbhā parakulesu – dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; sīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca』nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, kassapassa evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Lūkhaṃ denti , no paṇītaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati ; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa kassapasadiso. Ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba』』nti. Catutthaṃ.

Jiṇṇasuttaṃ
在舍衛城住……乃至……"諸比丘,你們認為怎樣的比丘配做俗家常客,怎樣的比丘不配做俗家常客呢?"世尊,我們的法以世尊為根本……乃至……世尊說道: "諸比丘,任何比丘懷著這樣的心態親近俗家:'愿他們給我,不要不給;愿他們給我很多,不要給少;愿他們給我精美的,不要給粗劣的;愿他們快速給我,不要拖延;愿他們恭敬地給我,不要不恭敬。'諸比丘,如果這樣心態的比丘親近俗家時,他們不給,比丘就失望;他因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們給少不給多……給粗劣不給精美……拖延不快速給,比丘就失望;他因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們不恭敬地給,不恭敬地給;比丘就失望;他因此而感受痛苦憂惱。諸比丘,這樣的比丘不配做俗家常客。然而,諸比丘,任何比丘懷著這樣的心態親近俗家:'在別人家裡,怎麼可能期望 - 愿他們給我,不要不給;愿他們給我很多,不要給少;愿他們給我精美的,不要給粗劣的;愿他們快速給我,不要拖延;愿他們恭敬地給我,不要不恭敬。'諸比丘,如果這樣心態的比丘親近俗家時,他們不給,比丘不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們給少不給多,比丘不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們給粗劣不給精美,比丘不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們拖延不快速給,比丘不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們不恭敬地給,不恭敬地給;比丘不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。諸比丘,這樣的比丘配做俗家常客。諸比丘,迦葉懷著這樣的心態親近俗家:'在別人家裡,怎麼可能期望 - 愿他們給我,不要不給;愿他們給我很多,不要給少;愿他們給我精美的,不要給粗劣的;愿他們快速給我,不要拖延;愿他們恭敬地給我,不要不恭敬。'諸比丘,如果這樣心態的迦葉親近俗家時,他們不給,迦葉不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們給少不給多,迦葉不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們給粗劣不給精美,迦葉不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們拖延不快速給,迦葉不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。他們不恭敬地給,不恭敬地給;迦葉不失望;他不因此而感受痛苦憂惱。諸比丘,我將教導你們,或者像迦葉那樣的人將教導你們。被教導后你們應當如實地修行。" 第四
老年經
Evaṃ me sutaṃ…pe… rājagahe veḷuvane. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – 『『jiṇṇosi dāni tvaṃ, kassapa, garukāni ca te imāni sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanāni. Tasmātiha tvaṃ, kassapa, gahapatāni [gahapatikāni (sī.)] ceva cīvarāni dhārehi, nimantanāni ca bhuñjāhi, mama ca santike viharāhī』』ti.

『『Ahaṃ kho, bhante, dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, paṃsukūliko ceva paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, tecīvariko ceva tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, appiccho ceva appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, santuṭṭho ceva santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, pavivitto ceva pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, asaṃsaṭṭho ceva asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa [vīriyārabbhassa (ka.)] ca vaṇṇavādī』』ti.

『『Kiṃ [kaṃ (ka.)] pana tvaṃ, kassapa, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī』』ti?

『『Dve khvāhaṃ, bhante, atthavase sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī. Attano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ sampassamāno, pacchimañca janataṃ anukampamāno – 『appeva nāma pacchimā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjeyyuṃ』 [āpajjeyya (sī. syā. kaṃ.)]. 『Ye kira te ahesuṃ buddhānubuddhasāvakā te dīgharattaṃ āraññikā ceva ahesuṃ āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino…pe… piṇḍapātikā ceva ahesuṃ …pe… paṃsukūlikā ceva ahesuṃ… tecīvarikā ceva ahesuṃ… appicchā ceva ahesuṃ… santuṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ… pavivittā ceva ahesuṃ… asaṃsaṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ… āraddhavīriyā ceva ahesuṃ vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādino』ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjissanti, tesaṃ taṃ bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya.

『『Ime khvāhaṃ, bhante, dve atthavase sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī』』ti.

『『Sādhu sādhu, kassapa. Bahujanahitāya kira tvaṃ, kassapa, paṭipanno bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Tasmātiha tvaṃ, kassapa, sāṇāni ceva paṃsukūlāni dhārehi nibbasanāni, piṇḍāya ca carāhi, araññe ca viharāhī』』ti. Pañcamaṃ.

Ovādasuttaṃ
如是我聞……在王舍城竹林精舍。那時,尊者大迦葉來到世尊所在之處。來到后,向世尊禮拜,然後坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的尊者大迦葉說:"迦葉,你現在已經老了,這些粗糙的糞掃衣對你來說太重了。因此,迦葉,你應當穿著居士佈施的衣服,接受邀請用餐,住在我身邊。" "世尊,我長期以來一直是林居者,讚歎林居生活;一直是乞食者,讚歎乞食生活;一直是糞掃衣者,讚歎糞掃衣生活;一直是三衣者,讚歎三衣生活;一直是少欲者,讚歎少欲;一直是知足者,讚歎知足;一直是獨處者,讚歎獨處;一直是不與眾交往者,讚歎不與眾交往;一直是精進者,讚歎精進。" "迦葉,你看到什麼利益,長期以來一直是林居者,讚歎林居生活;一直是乞食者……乃至……一直是糞掃衣者……一直是三衣者……一直是少欲者……一直是知足者……一直是獨處者……一直是不與眾交往者……一直是精進者,讚歎精進呢?" "世尊,我看到兩種利益,長期以來一直是林居者,讚歎林居生活;一直是乞食者……乃至……一直是糞掃衣者……一直是三衣者……一直是少欲者……一直是知足者……一直是獨處者……一直是不與眾交往者……一直是精進者,讚歎精進。我看到自己現世安樂住,也憐憫後世眾生:'愿後世眾生傚法我的行為。''那些佛陀的追隨者弟子們長期以來一直是林居者,讚歎林居生活……乃至……一直是乞食者……一直是糞掃衣者……一直是三衣者……一直是少欲者……一直是知足者……一直是獨處者……一直是不與眾交往者……一直是精進者,讚歎精進。'他們會如此修行,這將給他們帶來長久的利益和快樂。" "世尊,我看到這兩種利益,長期以來一直是林居者,讚歎林居生活;一直是乞食者……乃至……一直是糞掃衣者……一直是三衣者……一直是少欲者……一直是知足者……一直是獨處者……一直是不與眾交往者……一直是精進者,讚歎精進。" "善哉!善哉!迦葉。你確實是爲了多數人的利益,爲了多數人的快樂,出於對世間的憐憫,爲了天人的利益、福祉和快樂而修行。因此,迦葉,你應當繼續穿著粗糙的糞掃衣,繼續乞食,繼續住在林中。" 第五
教誡經
Rājagahe veḷuvane. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – 『『ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa , bhikkhū ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā』』ti.

『『Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā, akkhamā, appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsaniṃ. Idhāhaṃ, bhante, addasaṃ bhaṇḍañca [bhaṇḍuñca (sī.)] nāma bhikkhuṃ ānandassa saddhivihāriṃ abhijikañca [ābhiñjikañca (sī. ka.), ābhijjikañca (syā. kaṃ.)] nāma bhikkhuṃ anuruddhassa saddhivihāriṃ aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadante – 『ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī』』』ti.

Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – 『『ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena bhaṇḍañca bhikkhuṃ ānandassa saddhivihāriṃ abhijikañca bhikkhuṃ anuruddhassa saddhivihāriṃ āmantehi – 『satthā āyasmante āmantetī』』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – 『『satthā āyasmante āmantetī』』ti.

『『Evamāvuso』』ti kho te bhikkhū tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca – 『『saccaṃ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – 『ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī』』』ti? 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』. 『『Kiṃ nu kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha – 『etha tumhe, bhikkhave, aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī』』』ti? 『『No hetaṃ, bhante』』. 『『No ce kira me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha, atha kiṃ carahi tumhe, moghapurisā, kiṃ jānantā kiṃ passantā evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – 『ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī』』』ti.

Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – 『『accayo no, bhante, accagamā, yathābāle yathāmūḷhe yathāakusale [yathā bāle yathā mūḷhe yathā akusale (pī.), yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ (?)], ye mayaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadimha – 『ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati , ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī』ti. Tesaṃ no, bhante, bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā』』ti.

『『Taggha tumhe, bhikkhave, accayo accagamā yathābāle yathāmūḷhe yathāakusale, ye tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadittha – 『ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī』ti. Yato ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarotha, taṃ vo mayaṃ [mayaṃ accayaṃ (sī.)] paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhi hesā, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti āyatiñca saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī』』ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

Dutiyaovādasuttaṃ
在王舍城竹林精舍。那時,尊者大迦葉來到世尊所在之處。來到后,向世尊禮拜,然後坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的尊者大迦葉說:"迦葉,你去教誡比丘們;迦葉,你為比丘們作法談。要麼我教誡比丘們,要麼你;要麼我為比丘們作法談,要麼你。" "世尊,現在的比丘們難以教導,具有使人難以教導的性質,不能忍耐,不恭敬地接受教導。世尊,我在這裡看到一個名叫班達的比丘,是阿難的同住弟子,和一個名叫阿毗基迦的比丘,是阿那律的同住弟子,他們互相以所聽聞的法相互爭辯:'來吧,比丘,誰能說得更多?誰能說得更好?誰能說得更久?'" 於是世尊對一位比丘說:"比丘,你來,以我的名義去告訴班達比丘,阿難的同住弟子,和阿毗基迦比丘,阿那律的同住弟子:'導師召喚你們。'"那位比丘回答說:"是,世尊。"他聽從世尊的指示,來到那些比丘所在之處,告訴他們說:"導師召喚你們。" 那些比丘回答說:"好的,朋友。"他們聽從那位比丘的話,來到世尊所在之處。來到后,向世尊禮拜,然後坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的那些比丘說:"比丘們,你們是否真的互相以所聽聞的法相互爭辯:'來吧,比丘,誰能說得更多?誰能說得更好?誰能說得更久?'" "是的,世尊。" "比丘們,你們是否認為我曾這樣教導過法:'來吧,比丘們,你們互相以所聽聞的法相互爭辯 - 來吧,比丘,誰能說得更多?誰能說得更好?誰能說得更久?'" "不是的,世尊。" "如果你們不認為我曾這樣教導過法,那麼你們這些愚人,知道什麼,看到什麼,在如此善說的法與律中出家,卻互相以所聽聞的法相互爭辯:'來吧,比丘,誰能說得更多?誰能說得更好?誰能說得更久?'" 於是那些比丘俯伏在世尊腳下,對世尊說:"世尊,我們犯了過錯,像愚人、迷惑者、不善巧者那樣,我們在如此善說的法與律中出家,卻互相以所聽聞的法相互爭辯:'來吧,比丘,誰能說得更多?誰能說得更好?誰能說得更久?'愿世尊接受我們的懺悔,認識到這是過錯,爲了將來的約束。" "的確,比丘們,你們犯了過錯,像愚人、迷惑者、不善巧者那樣,你們在如此善說的法與律中出家,卻互相以所聽聞的法相互爭辯:'來吧,比丘,誰能說得更多?誰能說得更好?誰能說得更久?'但是既然你們看到過錯為過錯,如法懺悔,我們就接受你們的懺悔。比丘們,這在聖者的律中是一種進步,即看到過錯為過錯,如法懺悔,並在未來約束自己。" 第六
第二教誡經
Rājagahe viharati veḷuvane [sāvatthi, tatra-etadavoca (sī.)]. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – 『『ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa , bhikkhū ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā』』ti.

『『Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā akkhamā appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsaniṃ. Yassa kassaci, bhante, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī [hiri (sabbattha)] natthi kusalesu dhammesu, ottappaṃ natthi kusalesu dhammesu, vīriyaṃ natthi kusalesu dhammesu, paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati [āgacchanti (sī.)], hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.

『『Seyyathāpi, bhante, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena, hāyati maṇḍalena, hāyati ābhāya, hāyati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, bhante, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi … vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi… kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.

『『『Assaddho purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; 『ahiriko purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; 『anottappī purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; 『kusīto purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; 『duppañño purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; 『kodhano purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; 『upanāhī purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; 『na santi bhikkhū ovādakā』ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ.

『『Yassa kassaci, bhante, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi kusalesu dhammesu, ottappaṃ atthi kusalesu dhammesu, vīriyaṃ atthi kusalesu dhammesu, paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.

『『Seyyathāpi, bhante, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena, vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena , vaḍḍhati ābhāya, vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, bhante, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu… hirī atthi…pe… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.

『『『Saddho purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; 『hirimā purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; 『ottappī purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; 『āraddhavīriyo purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; 『paññavā purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; 『akkodhano purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; 『anupanāhī purisapuggalo』ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; 『santi bhikkhū ovādakā』ti, bhante, aparihānameta』』nti.

『『Sādhu sādhu, kassapa. Yassa kassaci, kassapa, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.

『『Seyyathāpi, kassapa, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena…pe… hāyati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, kassapa, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi. 『Assaddho purisapuggalo』ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ ; ahiriko…pe… anottappī… kusīto… duppañño… kodhano… 『upanāhī purisapuggalo』ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ; 『na santi bhikkhū ovādakā』ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ.

『『Yassa kassaci, kassapa, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.

在王舍城竹林精舍住。那時,尊者大迦葉來到世尊所在之處……乃至……世尊對坐在一旁的尊者大迦葉說:"迦葉,你去教誡比丘們;迦葉,你為比丘們作法談。要麼我教誡比丘們,要麼你;要麼我為比丘們作法談,要麼你。" "世尊,現在的比丘們難以教導,具有使人難以教導的性質,不能忍耐,不恭敬地接受教導。世尊,任何人對善法沒有信心,對善法沒有慚,對善法沒有愧,對善法沒有精進,對善法沒有智慧,無論是白天還是黑夜,他在善法上只會衰退,不會增長。世尊,就像在黑月期間,無論是白天還是黑夜,月亮的顏色在減少,圓形在減少,光芒在減少,大小在減少。同樣地,世尊,任何人對善法沒有信心……乃至……對善法沒有慚……對善法沒有愧……對善法沒有精進……對善法沒有智慧,無論是白天還是黑夜,他在善法上只會衰退,不會增長。世尊,'無信之人'是衰退;世尊,'無慚之人'是衰退;世尊,'無愧之人'是衰退;世尊,'懈怠之人'是衰退;世尊,'無智之人'是衰退;世尊,'易怒之人'是衰退;世尊,'懷恨之人'是衰退;世尊,'沒有教誡者的比丘'是衰退。世尊,任何人對善法有信心,對善法有慚,對善法有愧,對善法有精進,對善法有智慧,無論是白天還是黑夜,他在善法上只會增長,不會衰退。世尊,就像在白月期間,無論是白天還是黑夜,月亮的顏色在增加,圓形在增加,光芒在增加,大小在增加。同樣地,世尊,任何人對善法有信心……乃至……對善法有慚……對善法有愧……對善法有精進……對善法有智慧,無論是白天還是黑夜,他在善法上只會增長,不會衰退。世尊,'有信之人'是不衰退;世尊,'有慚之人'是不衰退;世尊,'有愧之人'是不衰退;世尊,'精進之人'是不衰退;世尊,'有智之人'是不衰退;世尊,'不易怒之人'是不衰退;世尊,'不懷恨之人'是不衰退;世尊,'有教誡者的比丘'是不衰退。" "善哉!善哉!迦葉。迦葉,任何人對善法沒有信心……乃至……對善法沒有慚……對善法沒有愧……對善法沒有精進……對善法沒有智慧,無論是白天還是黑夜,他在善法上只會衰退,不會增長。迦葉,就像在黑月期間,無論是白天還是黑夜,月亮的顏色在減少……乃至……大小在減少。同樣地,迦葉,任何人對善法沒有信心……乃至……對善法沒有慚……對善法沒有愧……對善法沒有精進……對善法沒有智慧,無論是白天還是黑夜,他在善法上只會衰退,不會增長。迦葉,'無信之人'是衰退;無慚……乃至……無愧……懈怠……無智……易怒……迦葉,'懷恨之人'是衰退;迦葉,'沒有教誡者的比丘'是衰退。迦葉,任何人對善法有信心……乃至……對善法有慚……對善法有愧……對善法有精進……對善法有智慧,無論是白天還是黑夜,他在善法上只會增長,不會衰退。

『『Seyyathāpi, kassapa, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena, vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena, vaḍḍhati ābhāya, vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, kassapa, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.

『『『Saddho purisapuggalo』ti, kassapa, aparihānametaṃ; hirimā…pe… ottappī… āraddhavīriyo… paññavā… akkodhano… 『anupanāhī purisapuggalo』ti, kassapa, aparihānametaṃ; 『santi bhikkhū ovādakā』ti, kassapa, aparihānameta』』nti. Sattamaṃ.

Tatiyaovādasuttaṃ

"迦葉,就像在白月期間,無論是白天還是黑夜,月亮的顏色在增加,圓形在增加,光芒在增加,大小在增加。同樣地,迦葉,任何人對善法有信心,對善法有慚……對善法有愧……對善法有精進……對善法有智慧,無論是白天還是黑夜,他在善法上只會增長,不會衰退。迦葉,'有信之人'是不衰退;有慚……乃至……有愧……精進……有智……不易怒……迦葉,'不懷恨之人'是不衰退;迦葉,'有教誡者的比丘'是不衰退。" 第七 8. 第三教誡經

Rājagahe kalandakanivāpe [sāvatthi, ārāme (sī.)]. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – 『『ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā』』ti.

『『Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā, akkhamā, appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsanī』』nti. 『『Tathā hi pana, kassapa, pubbe therā bhikkhū āraññikā ceva ahesuṃ āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, piṇḍapātikā ceva ahesuṃ piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino , paṃsukūlikā ceva ahesuṃ paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, tecīvarikā ceva ahesuṃ tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, appicchā ceva ahesuṃ appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādino, santuṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino, pavivittā ceva ahesuṃ pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādino, asaṃsaṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādino, āraddhavīriyā ceva ahesuṃ vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādino.

『『Tatra yo hoti bhikkhu āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, paṃsukūliko ceva paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, tecīvariko ceva tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, appiccho ceva appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, santuṭṭho ceva santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, pavivitto ceva pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, asaṃsaṭṭho ceva asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – 『ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sikkhākāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī』』』ti.

『『Tatra, kassapa, navānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti – 『yo kira so hoti bhikkhu āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sikkhākāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī』ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjanti; tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya.

『『Etarahi pana, kassapa, therā bhikkhū na ceva āraññikā na ca āraññikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva piṇḍapātikā na ca piṇḍapātikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva paṃsukūlikā na ca paṃsukūlikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva tecīvarikā na ca tecīvarikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva appicchā na ca appicchatāya vaṇṇavādino, na ceva santuṭṭhā na ca santuṭṭhiyā vaṇṇavādino, na ceva pavivittā na ca pavivekassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva asaṃsaṭṭhā na ca asaṃsaggassa vaṇṇavādino , na ceva āraddhavīriyā na ca vīriyārambhassa vaṇṇavādino.

『『Tatra yo hoti bhikkhu ñāto yasassī lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – 『ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sabrahmacārikāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī』』』ti.

『『Tatra, kassapa, navānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti – 『yo kira so hoti bhikkhu ñāto yasassī lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsana-gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sabrahmacārikāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī』ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjanti. Tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Yañhi taṃ, kassapa, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – 『upaddutā brahmacārī brahmacārūpaddavena abhipatthanā [abhibhavanā (sī.)] brahmacārī brahmacāriabhipatthanenā』ti [brahmacāriabhibhavanenāti (sī.)], etarahi taṃ, kassapa, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – 『upaddutā brahmacārī brahmacārūpaddavena abhipatthanā brahmacārī brahmacāriabhipatthanenā』』』ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

Jhānābhiññasuttaṃ
在王舍城迦蘭陀竹園。那時,尊者大迦葉來到世尊所在之處。來到后,向世尊禮拜,然後坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的尊者大迦葉說:"迦葉,你去教誡比丘們;迦葉,你為比丘們作法談。要麼我教誡比丘們,要麼你;要麼我為比丘們作法談,要麼你。" "世尊,現在的比丘們難以教導,具有使人難以教導的性質,不能忍耐,不恭敬地接受教導。" "迦葉,以前的長老比丘們是林居者,讚歎林居生活,是乞食者,讚歎乞食生活,是糞掃衣者,讚歎糞掃衣生活,是三衣者,讚歎三衣生活,是少欲者,讚歎少欲,是知足者,讚歎知足,是獨處者,讚歎獨處,是不與眾交往者,讚歎不與眾交往,是精進者,讚歎精進。在那時,如果有比丘是林居者,讚歎林居生活,是乞食者,讚歎乞食生活,是糞掃衣者,讚歎糞掃衣生活,是三衣者,讚歎三衣生活,是少欲者,讚歎少欲,是知足者,讚歎知足,是獨處者,讚歎獨處,是不與眾交往者,讚歎不與眾交往,是精進者,讚歎精進,長老比丘們就會邀請他就座:'來吧,比丘,這位比丘叫什麼名字?這位比丘真是善良啊,這位比丘真是喜歡學習啊;來吧,比丘,請坐在這個座位上。' 那時,迦葉,新比丘們就會這樣想:'據說,如果有比丘是林居者,讚歎林居生活,是乞食者……乃至……是糞掃衣者……是三衣者……是少欲者……是知足者……是獨處者……是不與眾交往者……是精進者,讚歎精進,長老比丘們就會邀請他就座:"來吧,比丘,這位比丘叫什麼名字?這位比丘真是善良啊,這位比丘真是喜歡學習啊;來吧,比丘,請坐在這個座位上。"'他們就會這樣修行。這對他們長久以來是有益的、快樂的。然而現在,迦葉,長老比丘們既不是林居者,也不讚嘆林居生活,既不是乞食者,也不讚嘆乞食生活,既不是糞掃衣者,也不讚嘆糞掃衣生活,既不是三衣者,也不讚嘆三衣生活,既不是少欲者,也不讚嘆少欲,既不是知足者,也不讚嘆知足,既不是獨處者,也不讚嘆獨處,既不是不與眾交往者,也不讚嘆不與眾交往,既不是精進者,也不讚嘆精進。在這種情況下,如果有比丘是著名的、有名望的、獲得衣服、食物、住處、醫藥用品的,長老比丘們就會邀請他就座:'來吧,比丘,這位比丘叫什麼名字?這位比丘真是善良啊,這位比丘真是喜歡同修啊;來吧,比丘,請坐在這個座位上。' 那時,迦葉,新比丘們就會這樣想:'據說,如果有比丘是著名的、有名望的、獲得衣服、食物、住處、醫藥用品的,長老比丘們就會邀請他就座:"來吧,比丘,這位比丘叫什麼名字?這位比丘真是善良啊,這位比丘真是喜歡同修啊;來吧,比丘,請坐在這個座位上。"'他們就會這樣修行。這對他們長久以來是有害的、痛苦的。迦葉,如果有人正確地說:'修行者被修行者的災難所困擾,修行者被修行者的征服所征服',那麼現在,迦葉,他就是在正確地說:'修行者被修行者的災難所困擾,修行者被修行者的征服所征服'。" 第八
禪定神通經
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… 『『ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi , bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati』』.

『『Ahaṃ , bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharāmi sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedemi, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – 『upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī』ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – 『upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī』ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ananto ākāsoti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi , bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā…pe… ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi , bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma 『natthi kiñcī』ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati…pe… ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave…pe… saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati.

『『Ahaṃ , bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhomi – ekopi hutvā bahudhā homi, bahudhāpi hutvā eko homi; āvibhāvaṃ, tirobhāvaṃ, tirokuṭṭaṃ, tiropākāraṃ, tiropabbataṃ, asajjamāno gacchāmi, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karomi, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchāmi, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamāmi, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimasāmi parimajjāmi; yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattemi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāmi, dibbe ca mānuse ca, ye dūre santike ca. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati dibbāya sotadhātuyā…pe… dūre santike ca.

在舍衛城住……乃至……"諸比丘,我只要願意,就能離開慾望,離開不善法,進入並安住于有尋有伺、由離生喜樂的初禪。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能離開慾望,離開不善法,進入並安住于有尋有伺、由離生喜樂的初禪。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能止息尋伺,內心寧靜,心專注一境,進入並安住于無尋無伺、由定生喜樂的第二禪。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能止息尋伺……乃至……進入並安住于第二禪。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能離喜,住于舍,正念正知,以身感受樂,進入並安住于聖者所說的'舍念樂住'的第三禪。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能離喜,住于舍,正念正知,以身感受樂,進入並安住于聖者所說的'舍念樂住'的第三禪。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能斷樂斷苦,先前的喜憂已滅,進入並安住于不苦不樂、舍念清凈的第四禪。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能斷樂斷苦……乃至……進入並安住于第四禪。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能超越一切色想,滅除有對想,不作意種種想,進入並安住于'虛空無邊'的空無邊處。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能超越一切色想……乃至……進入並安住于空無邊處。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能超越一切空無邊處,進入並安住于'識無邊'的識無邊處。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能超越一切空無邊處,進入並安住于識無邊處。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能超越一切識無邊處,進入並安住于'無所有'的無所有處。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意……乃至……進入並安住于無所有處。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能超越一切無所有處,進入並安住于非想非非想處。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意……乃至……進入並安住于非想非非想處。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能超越一切非想非非想處,進入並安住于想受滅盡定。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此……乃至……進入並安住于想受滅盡定。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能體驗各種神通:一身變多身,多身變一身;顯現、隱形;穿墻、穿山、不受阻礙,如同在空中;在地上出沒,如同在水中;在水上行走,如同在地上;在空中結跏趺坐,如同飛鳥;手觸控日月這樣有大神力、大威力的天體;身體能自在到達梵天界。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能體驗各種神通……乃至……身體能自在到達梵天界。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能以清凈超人的天耳,聽到人與天的聲音,無論遠近。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能以清凈超人的天耳……乃至……聽到遠近的聲音。

『『Ahaṃ , bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāmi, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ vītarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāmi, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ…pe… vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ… samohaṃ vā cittaṃ… vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ… saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ… vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ… mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ… amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ… sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ… anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ… samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ… asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ… vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāti…pe… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāti.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi, anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – 『amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto , so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno』ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi – 『ime vata, bhonto, sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā, ime vā pana, bhonto, sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā』ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.

『『Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī』』ti. Navamaṃ.

Upassayasuttaṃ

"諸比丘,我只要願意,就能以心識他心,了知其他眾生、其他人的心:有貪慾的心我知道是有貪慾的心,離貪慾的心我知道是離貪慾的心,有嗔恚的心……離嗔恚的心……有愚癡的心……離愚癡的心……收縮的心……散亂的心……廣大的心……不廣大的心……有上的心……無上的心……專注的心……不專注的心……解脫的心……未解脫的心我知道是未解脫的心。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能以心識他心,了知其他眾生、其他人的心:有貪慾的心他知道是有貪慾的心……乃至……未解脫的心他知道是未解脫的心。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能憶念種種宿命,即一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、百生、千生、百千生,許多成劫、許多壞劫、許多成壞劫:'我曾生於某處,如是名、如是姓、如是種族、如是飲食、如是苦樂感受、如是壽命。我從那裡死後,又生於某處。在那裡我又如是名、如是姓、如是種族、如是飲食、如是苦樂感受、如是壽命。我從那裡死後,又生於此處。'如是我憶念種種宿命的狀況和細節。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能憶念種種宿命,即一生……乃至……如是他憶念種種宿命的狀況和細節。諸比丘,我只要願意,就能以清凈超人的天眼,看見眾生死時、生時,低賤的、高貴的,美麗的、醜陋的,幸運的、不幸的,我了知眾生隨業而去:'這些眾生具身惡行、語惡行、意惡行,誹謗聖者,持邪見,行邪見業,他們身壞命終后,生於惡趣、墮處、地獄。而這些眾生具身善行、語善行、意善行,不誹謗聖者,持正見,行正見業,他們身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。'如是,我以清凈超人的天眼,看見眾生死時、生時,低賤的、高貴的,美麗的、醜陋的,幸運的、不幸的,我了知眾生隨業而去。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能以清凈超人的天眼,看見眾生死時、生時……乃至……了知眾生隨業而去。諸比丘,我已滅盡諸漏,無漏心解脫、慧解脫,于現法中自知自證,具足安住。諸比丘,迦葉也已滅盡諸漏,無漏心解脫、慧解脫,于現法中自知自證,具足安住。" 第九 10. 住處經

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – 『『āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā』』ti. 『『Gaccha tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bahukicco tvaṃ bahukaraṇīyo』』ti. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – 『『āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā』』ti. 『『Gaccha tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bahukicco tvaṃ bahukaraṇīyo』』ti. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – 『『āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā』』ti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya āyasmatā ānandena pacchāsamaṇena yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhuniyo yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmā mahākassapo dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo tā bhikkhuniyo dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

Atha kho thullatissā bhikkhunī anattamanā anattamanavācaṃ nicchāresi – 『『kiṃ pana ayyo mahākassapo, ayyassa ānandassa vedehamunino sammukhā dhammaṃ bhāsitabbaṃ maññati? Seyyathāpi nāma sūcivāṇijako sūcikārassa santike sūciṃ vikketabbaṃ maññeyya; evameva ayyo mahākassapo ayyassa ānandassa vedehamunino sammukhā dhammaṃ bhāsitabbaṃ maññatī』』ti.

Assosi kho āyasmā mahākassapo thullatissāya bhikkhuniyā imaṃ vācaṃ bhāsamānāya. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – 『『kiṃ nu kho, āvuso ānanda, ahaṃ sūcivāṇijako, tvaṃ sūcikāro; udāhu ahaṃ sūcikāro, tvaṃ sūcivāṇijako』』ti? 『『Khama , bhante kassapa, bālo mātugāmo』』ti. 『『Āgamehi tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, mā te saṅgho uttari upaparikkhi』』.

『『Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso ānanda, api nu tvaṃ bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – 『ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Ānandopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī』』』ti? 『『No hetaṃ, bhante』』.

『『Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – 『ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī』ti…pe… . (Navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattīnaṃ pañcannañca abhiññānaṃ evaṃ vitthāro veditabbo.)

『『Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso ānanda, api nu tvaṃ bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – 『ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Ānandopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī』』』ti? 『『No hetaṃ, bhante』』.

『『Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – 『ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī』』』ti.

『『Sattaratanaṃ vā, āvuso, nāgaṃ aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanaṃ vā tālapattikāya chādetabbaṃ maññeyya, yo me cha abhiññā chādetabbaṃ maññeyyā』』ti.

如是我聞。一時,尊者大迦葉住在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園。那時,尊者阿難在上午穿好衣服,拿著缽和衣,來到尊者大迦葉所在之處。來到后,對尊者大迦葉說:"尊者迦葉,我們一起去某個比丘尼住處吧。" "阿難賢友,你去吧,你有很多事情要做,有很多職責。" 尊者阿難第二次對尊者大迦葉說:"尊者迦葉,我們一起去某個比丘尼住處吧。" "阿難賢友,你去吧,你有很多事情要做,有很多職責。" 尊者阿難第三次對尊者大迦葉說:"尊者迦葉,我們一起去某個比丘尼住處吧。" 於是尊者大迦葉在上午穿好衣服,拿著缽和衣,與尊者阿難作為隨從,來到某個比丘尼住處。來到后,坐在準備好的座位上。然後,許多比丘尼來到尊者大迦葉所在之處。來到后,向尊者大迦葉禮拜,然後坐在一旁。尊者大迦葉以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜那些坐在一旁的比丘尼們。然後,尊者大迦葉以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜那些比丘尼后,從座位起身離開。這時,偷羅低沙比丘尼不高興,說出不滿的話:"為什麼大迦葉尊者認為應該在阿難尊者毗提訶牟尼面前說法呢?就像針販子認為應該在針匠面前賣針一樣,大迦葉尊者認為應該在阿難尊者毗提訶牟尼面前說法。" 尊者大迦葉聽到偷羅低沙比丘尼說這話。於是尊者大迦葉對尊者阿難說:"阿難賢友,我是針販子,你是針匠嗎?還是我是針匠,你是針販子?" "尊者迦葉,請原諒,女人愚蠢。" "阿難賢友,你等一下,不要讓僧團進一步調查你。" "阿難賢友,你怎麼認為,你是否曾在世尊面前,在比丘僧團中被介紹說:'諸比丘,我只要願意,就能離開慾望,離開不善法,進入並安住于有尋有伺、由離生喜樂的初禪。諸比丘,阿難也是如此,只要他願意,就能離開慾望,離開不善法,進入並安住于有尋有伺、由離生喜樂的初禪'?" "不是的,尊者。" "賢友,我曾在世尊面前,在比丘僧團中被介紹說:'諸比丘,我只要願意,就能離開慾望,離開不善法,進入並安住于有尋有伺、由離生喜樂的初禪。諸比丘,迦葉也是如此,只要他願意,就能離開慾望,離開不善法……乃至……進入並安住于初禪'……乃至……。(應知九種次第住等至和五種神通的詳細內容。) 阿難賢友,你怎麼認為,你是否曾在世尊面前,在比丘僧團中被介紹說:'諸比丘,我已滅盡諸漏,無漏心解脫、慧解脫,于現法中自知自證,具足安住。諸比丘,阿難也已滅盡諸漏,無漏心解脫、慧解脫,于現法中自知自證,具足安住'?" "不是的,尊者。" "賢友,我曾在世尊面前,在比丘僧團中被介紹說:'諸比丘,我已滅盡諸漏,無漏心解脫、慧解脫,于現法中自知自證,具足安住。諸比丘,迦葉也已滅盡諸漏,無漏心解脫、慧解脫,于現法中自知自證,具足安住'。" "賢友,就像有人想用棕櫚葉遮蓋七肘或七肘半高的大象,誰想遮蓋我的六神通,就是這樣。"

Cavittha ca pana thullatissā bhikkhunī brahmacariyamhāti. Dasamaṃ.

Cīvarasuttaṃ

偷羅低**丘尼從梵行中退失了。第十 11. 衣經

Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ānando dakkhiṇagirismiṃ cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ.

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa tiṃsamattā saddhivihārino bhikkhū sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattā bhavanti yebhuyyena kumārabhūtā. Atha kho āyasmā ānando dakkhiṇagirismiṃ yathābhirantaṃ cārikaṃ caritvā yena rājagahaṃ veḷuvanaṃ kalandakanivāpo yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo etadavoca – 『『kati nu kho, āvuso ānanda, atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññatta』』nti?

『『Tayo kho, bhante kassapa, atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññattaṃ – dummaṅkūnaṃ puggalānaṃ niggahāya pesalānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ phāsuvihārāya, mā pāpicchā pakkhaṃ nissāya saṅghaṃ bhindeyyuṃ [vinayapiṭake cūḷavagge saṃghabhedakakkhandhake vajirabuddhiyaṃ aññathā sambandho dassito], kulānuddayatāya ca. Ime kho, bhante kassapa, tayo atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññatta』』nti.

『『Atha kiñcarahi tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, imehi navehi bhikkhūhi indriyesu aguttadvārehi bhojane amattaññūhi jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttehi saddhiṃ cārikaṃ carasi? Sassaghātaṃ maññe carasi, kulūpaghātaṃ maññe carasi. Olujjati [ullujjati (sī. aṭṭhakathāsu ca)] kho te, āvuso ānanda, parisā; palujjanti kho te, āvuso, navappāyā. Na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī』』ti.

『『Api me, bhante kassapa, sirasmiṃ palitāni jātāni. Atha ca pana mayaṃ ajjāpi āyasmato mahākassapassa kumārakavādā na muccāmā』』ti. 『『Tathā hi pana tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, imehi navehi bhikkhūhi indriyesu aguttadvārehi bhojane amattaññūhi jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttehi saddhiṃ cārikaṃ carasi, sassaghātaṃ maññe carasi, kulūpaghātaṃ maññe carasi. Olujjati kho te, āvuso ānanda, parisā; palujjanti kho te, āvuso, navappāyā. [palujjati kho te āvuso ānanda parisā (ka. sī.)] Na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī』』ti.

Assosi kho thullanandā bhikkhunī – 『『ayyena kira mahākassapena ayyo ānando vedehamuni kumārakavādena apasādito』』ti.

Atha kho thullanandā bhikkhunī anattamanā anattamanavācaṃ nicchāresi – 『『kiṃ pana ayyo mahākassapo aññatitthiyapubbo samāno ayyaṃ ānandaṃ vedehamuniṃ kumārakavādena apasādetabbaṃ maññatī』』ti! Assosi kho āyasmā mahākassapo thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā imaṃ vācaṃ bhāsamānāya.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – 『『tagghāvuso ānanda, thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā sahasā appaṭisaṅkhā vācā bhāsitā. Yatvāhaṃ, āvuso, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, nābhijānāmi aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddisitā [uddisituṃ (sī. pī. ka.)], aññatra tena bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena. Pubbe me, āvuso, agārikabhūtassa sato etadahosi – 『sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho [rajopatho (sī.)], abbhokāso pabbajjā. Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya』nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ kāretvā [karitvā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] ye loke arahanto te uddissa kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃ.

一時,尊者大迦葉住在王舍城竹林栗鼠養飼處。那時,尊者阿難與一大群比丘一起在南山遊行。那時,大約有三十位尊者阿難的同住弟子放棄學處,退回低劣生活,大多是年輕人。於是尊者阿難在南山隨意遊行后,來到王舍城竹林栗鼠養飼處尊者大迦葉所在之處。來到后,向尊者大迦葉禮拜,然後坐在一旁。尊者大迦葉對坐在一旁的尊者阿難說:"阿難賢友,世尊制定在俗家中三人一起吃飯的規定,是出於幾種理由?" "尊者迦葉,世尊制定在俗家中三人一起吃飯的規定,是出於三種理由:爲了抑制惡人,爲了善良比丘們的安樂生活,爲了防止惡欲之人依靠黨派分裂僧團,也爲了憐憫俗家。尊者迦葉,這就是世尊制定在俗家中三人一起吃飯的規定的三種理由。" "那麼,阿難賢友,你為什麼與這些諸根不守護、飲食不知節制、不勤修警寤的新比丘們一起遊行呢?你是在進行收割般的遊行嗎?你是在進行毀壞俗家的遊行嗎?阿難賢友,你的眷屬正在崩潰;阿難賢友,你的新學比丘們正在退失。這個年輕人不知道適度。" "尊者迦葉,我的頭上已經長出白髮了。然而,直到今天我們還不能擺脫尊者大迦葉對我們的'年輕人'的稱呼。" "阿難賢友,正是因為你與這些諸根不守護、飲食不知節制、不勤修警寤的新比丘們一起遊行,你是在進行收割般的遊行,你是在進行毀壞俗家的遊行。阿難賢友,你的眷屬正在崩潰;阿難賢友,你的新學比丘們正在退失。這個年輕人不知道適度。" 偷罹難陀比丘尼聽說:"據說大迦葉尊者以'年輕人'的稱呼呵斥了阿難尊者毗提訶牟尼。" 於是偷罹難陀比丘尼不高興,說出不滿的話:"為什麼大迦葉尊者這個前外道認為應該以'年輕人'的稱呼呵斥阿難尊者毗提訶牟尼呢?"尊者大迦葉聽到偷罹難陀比丘尼說這話。於是尊者大迦葉對尊者阿難說:"阿難賢友,偷罹難陀比丘尼確實說了輕率、不經思考的話。賢友,自從我剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,從在家生活出家為無家者以來,我不記得曾歸依過除了那位世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者之外的任何其他導師。賢友,當我還是在家人時,我想:'在家生活狹隘,是塵垢之道;出家生活廣闊。在家生活很難修習完全圓滿、完全清凈、如貝殼般光潔的梵行。我應該剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,從在家生活出家為無家者。'賢友,後來我用碎布做了僧伽梨衣,爲了歸依世間的阿羅漢們,剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,從在家生活出家為無家者。

So evaṃ pabbajito samāno addhānamaggappaṭipanno addasaṃ bhagavantaṃ antarā ca rājagahaṃ antarā ca nāḷandaṃ bahuputte cetiye nisinnaṃ. Disvāna me etadahosi – 『satthārañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ; sugatañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ; sammāsambuddhañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ; bhagavantameva passeyya』nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, tattheva bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ – 『satthā me, bhante, bhagavā, sāvakohamasmi; satthā me, bhante, bhagavā, sāvakohamasmī』ti . Evaṃ vutte maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā etadavoca – 『yo kho, kassapa, evaṃ sabbacetasā samannāgataṃ sāvakaṃ ajānaññeva vadeyya jānāmīti, apassaññeva vadeyya passāmīti, muddhāpi tassa vipateyya. Ahaṃ kho pana, kassapa, jānaññeva vadāmi jānāmīti, passaññeva vadāmi passāmī』ti.

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – 『tibbaṃ me hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ bhavissati theresu navesu majjhimesū』ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ.

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – 『yaṃ kiñci dhammaṃ suṇissāmi kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi karitvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇissāmī』ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ.

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – 『sātasahagatā ca me kāyagatāsati na vijahissatī』ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbanti.

『『Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iminā ovādena ovaditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Sattāhameva khvāhaṃ, āvuso, saraṇo [sāṇo (sī.)] raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjiṃ』』. Aṭṭhamiyā aññā udapādi.

『『Atha kho, āvuso, bhagavā maggā okkamma yena aññataraṃ rukkhamūlaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ catugguṇaṃ paññapetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ – 『idha, bhante, bhagavā nisīdatu, yaṃ mamassa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā』ti. Nisīdi kho, āvuso, bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā etadavoca – 『mudukā kho tyāyaṃ, kassapa, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭī』ti. 『Paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ anukampaṃ upādāyā』ti. 『Dhāressasi pana me tvaṃ, kassapa, sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī』ti. 『Dhāressāmahaṃ, bhante, bhagavato sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī』ti. 『『So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ bhagavato pādāsiṃ. Ahaṃ pana bhagavato sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanāni paṭipajjiṃ』』.

『『Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – 『bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo, paṭiggahitāni [paṭiggahetā (sī.)] sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī』ti, mamaṃ taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – 『bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo, paṭiggahitāni sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī』』』ti.

『『Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, yāvade ākaṅkhāmi…pe… (navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattinaṃ pañcannañca abhiññānaṃ evaṃ vitthāro veditabbo) .

『『Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi; sattaratanaṃ vā, āvuso, nāgaṃ aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanaṃ vā tālapattikāya chādetabbaṃ maññeyya, yo me cha abhiññā chādetabbaṃ maññeyyā』』ti.

Cavittha ca pana thullanandā bhikkhunī brahmacariyamhāti. Ekādasamaṃ.

Paraṃmaraṇasuttaṃ

我這樣出家后,在行走長途旅程時,在王舍城和那爛陀之間的多子塔看到世尊坐在那裡。看到后,我想:'我應該見到導師,我應該見到世尊;我應該見到善逝,我應該見到世尊;我應該見到正等正覺者,我應該見到世尊。'賢友,於是我就在那裡俯伏在世尊腳下,對世尊說:'世尊,您是我的導師,我是您的弟子;世尊,您是我的導師,我是您的弟子。'賢友,當我這樣說時,世尊對我說:'迦葉,如果有人不知道而說知道,不見而說見一個如此全心全意的弟子,他的頭會裂開。但是,迦葉,我知道就說知道,我見到就說見到。' 因此,迦葉,你應該這樣學習:'我將對長老、新學、中等的比丘們生起強烈的慚愧心。'迦葉,你應該這樣學習。因此,迦葉,你應該這樣學習:'無論我聽到什麼與善法有關的法,我都會認真對待,用心思考,全神貫注,專心傾聽。'迦葉,你應該這樣學習。因此,迦葉,你應該這樣學習:'我不會放棄與喜悅相應的身念。'迦葉,你應該這樣學習。賢友,世尊給了我這個教誡后,從座位起身離開。賢友,我只以有漏心受用國土的食物七天。到第八天,我證得了阿羅漢果。賢友,然後世尊離開大路,走向一棵樹下。賢友,我用碎布做的僧伽梨衣摺疊四層鋪好,對世尊說:'世尊,請坐在這裡,這將長久有益於我,帶來安樂。'賢友,世尊坐在準備好的座位上。坐下後,賢友,世尊對我說:'迦葉,你這件碎布做的僧伽梨衣很柔軟。''世尊,請接受我這件碎布做的僧伽梨衣,出於憐憫。''迦葉,那你願意穿我這件粗糙的糞掃衣嗎?''世尊,我願意穿世尊的粗糙糞掃衣。'賢友,於是我把碎布做的僧伽梨衣給了世尊。我則穿上了世尊的粗糙糞掃衣。賢友,如果有人正確地說:'他是世尊的親生子,從口生,從法生,由法造,是法的繼承人,接受了粗糙的糞掃衣',那麼他就是在正確地說我:'他是世尊的親生子,從口生,從法生,由法造,是法的繼承人,接受了粗糙的糞掃衣'。賢友,我只要願意,就能離開慾望,離開不善法,進入並安住于有尋有伺、由離生喜樂的初禪。賢友,我只要願意……乃至……(應知九種次第住等至和五種神通的詳細內容)。賢友,我已滅盡諸漏,無漏心解脫、慧解脫,于現法中自知自證,具足安住。賢友,就像有人想用棕櫚葉遮蓋七肘或七肘半高的大象,誰想遮蓋我的六神通,就是這樣。" 偷罹難陀比丘尼從梵行中退失了。第十一 12. 死後經

Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca sāriputto bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākassapena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – 『『kiṃ nu kho, āvuso kassapa, hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā』』ti? 『『Abyākataṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā – 『hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā』』』ti. 『『Kiṃ panāvuso, na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā』』ti? 『『Evampi kho, āvuso, abyākataṃ bhagavatā – 『na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā』』』ti. 『『Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā』』ti? 『『Abyākataṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā – 『hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā』』』ti. 『『Kiṃ panāvuso, neva hoti, na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā』』ti? 『『Evampi kho, āvuso, abyākataṃ bhagavatā – 『neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā』』』ti. 『『Kasmā cetaṃ, āvuso , abyākataṃ bhagavatā』』ti? 『『Na hetaṃ, āvuso, atthasaṃhitaṃ nādibrahmacariyakaṃ na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Tasmā taṃ abyākataṃ bhagavatā』』ti.

『『Atha kiñcarahāvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā』』ti? 『『Idaṃ 『dukkha』nti kho , āvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ 『dukkhasamudayo』ti byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ 『dukkhanirodho』ti byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ 『dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā』ti byākataṃ bhagavatā』』ti. 『『Kasmā cetaṃ, āvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā』』ti? 『『Etañhi, āvuso, atthasaṃhitaṃ etaṃ ādibrahmacariyakaṃ etaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Tasmā taṃ byākataṃ bhagavatā』』ti. Dvādasamaṃ.

Saddhammappatirūpakasuttaṃ
一時,尊者大迦葉和尊者舍利弗住在波羅奈仙人落處的鹿野苑。那時,尊者舍利弗在傍晚結束獨處后,來到尊者大迦葉所在之處。來到后,與尊者大迦葉互相問候。寒暄問候后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者舍利弗對尊者大迦葉說:"迦葉賢友,如來死後是否存在?" "賢友,世尊未作解答:'如來死後存在。'" "那麼賢友,如來死後是否不存在?" "賢友,世尊也未作解答:'如來死後不存在。'" "賢友,如來死後是否既存在又不存在?" "賢友,世尊未作解答:'如來死後既存在又不存在。'" "那麼賢友,如來死後是否既不存在又不是不存在?" "賢友,世尊也未作解答:'如來死後既不存在又不是不存在。'" "賢友,為什麼世尊未作解答這些問題?" "賢友,因為這不與義利相應,不是梵行的根本,不導向厭離、離欲、滅盡、寂靜、神通、正覺、涅槃。所以世尊未作解答。" "那麼賢友,世尊解答了什麼?" "賢友,世尊解答了:'這是苦';世尊解答了:'這是苦集';世尊解答了:'這是苦滅';世尊解答了:'這是趣向苦滅之道'。" "賢友,為什麼世尊解答了這些?" "賢友,因為這與義利相應,是梵行的根本,導向厭離、離欲、滅盡、寂靜、神通、正覺、涅槃。所以世尊解答了這些。" 第十二
相似正法經
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – 『『ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena pubbe appatarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni ahesuṃ bahutarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahiṃsu? Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yenetarahi bahutarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni appatarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahantī』』ti? 『『Evañcetaṃ, kassapa, hoti sattesu hāyamānesu saddhamme antaradhāyamāne, bahutarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni honti appatarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahanti. Na tāva, kassapa, saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti』』.

『『Seyyathāpi, kassapa, na tāva jātarūpassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na jātarūpappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, jātarūpappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha jātarūpassa antaradhānaṃ hoti. Evameva kho, kassapa, na tāva saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti.

『『Na kho, kassapa, pathavīdhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na āpodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na tejodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na vāyodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti; atha kho idheva te uppajjanti moghapurisā ye imaṃ saddhammaṃ antaradhāpenti. Seyyathāpi, kassapa, nāvā ādikeneva opilavati; na kho, kassapa, evaṃ saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti.

『『Pañca khome, kassapa, okkamaniyā dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca? Idha, kassapa, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari agāravā viharanti appatissā, dhamme agāravā viharanti appatissā, saṅghe agāravā viharanti appatissā, sikkhāya agāravā viharanti appatissā, samādhismiṃ agāravā viharanti appatissā – ime kho, kassapa, pañca okkamaniyā dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti.

『『Pañca khome, kassapa, dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca? Idha, kassapa, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, dhamme sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, saṅghe sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, sikkhāya sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, samādhismiṃ sagāravā viharanti sappatissā – ime kho, kassapa, pañca dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattantī』』ti. Terasamaṃ.

Kassapasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

如是我聞。一時,世尊住在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園。那時,尊者大迦葉來到世尊所在之處。來到后,向世尊禮拜,然後坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者大迦葉對世尊說:"世尊,是什麼原因,什麼條件,使得從前學處較少而證悟的比丘較多?世尊,又是什麼原因,什麼條件,使得現在學處較多而證悟的比丘較少?" "迦葉,當衆生衰退、正法消失時,就會出現學處較多而證悟的比丘較少的情況。迦葉,只要相似正法不在世間出現,正法就不會消失。迦葉,當相似正法在世間出現時,正法就會消失。" "迦葉,就像只要假黃金不在世間出現,真黃金就不會消失。迦葉,當假黃金在世間出現時,真黃金就會消失。同樣,迦葉,只要相似正法不在世間出現,正法就不會消失。迦葉,當相似正法在世間出現時,正法就會消失。" "迦葉,不是地界使正法消失,不是水界使正法消失,不是火界使正法消失,不是風界使正法消失;而是在這裡出現的愚人使這正法消失。迦葉,就像船隻從一開始就下沉;迦葉,正法的消失不是這樣的。" "迦葉,有五種退墮法會導致正法混亂、消失。哪五種?迦葉,在這裡,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷對導師不恭敬、不順從,對法不恭敬、不順從,對僧團不恭敬、不順從,對學處不恭敬、不順從,對禪定不恭敬、不順從。迦葉,這五種退墮法會導致正法混亂、消失。" "迦葉,有五種法會導致正法安住、不混亂、不消失。哪五種?迦葉,在這裡,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷對導師恭敬、順從,對法恭敬、順從,對僧團恭敬、順從,對學處恭敬、順從,對禪定恭敬、順從。迦葉,這五種法會導致正法安住、不混亂、不消失。" 第十三迦葉相應完。

Tassuddānaṃ –

Santuṭṭhañca anottappī, candūpamaṃ kulūpakaṃ;

Jiṇṇaṃ tayo ca ovādā, jhānābhiññā upassayaṃ;

Cīvaraṃ paraṃmaraṇaṃ, saddhammappatirūpakanti.

這是摘要 - 知足和無愧，月喻和親近家庭；衰老和三種教誡，禪定神通和住處；衣服、他人死亡，以及相似正法。註釋： 1. 在章節編號數字后已加反斜槓。 2. 這段文字是一個摘要或目錄，以詩歌體呈現。譯文儘量保持了對仗形式。 3. 文中沒有出現可以確定的古代地名。 4. 巴利文已按要求直接翻譯,未提供對照。 5. 翻譯力求完整直譯,未作縮略或