B01010511cūḷasaṅgāmo(小集會)c3.5s

Cūḷasaṅgāmo

Anuvijjakassapaṭipatti

365.[pari. 421] Saṅgāmāvacare bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamantena nīcacittena saṅgho upasaṅkamitabbo rajoharaṇasamena cittena; āsanakusalena bhavitabbaṃ nisajjakusalena; there bhikkhū anupakhajjantena, nave bhikkhū āsanena appaṭibāhantena, yathāpatirūpe āsane nisīditabbaṃ; anānākathikena bhavitabbaṃ atiracchānakathikena; sāmaṃ vā dhammo bhāsitabbo paro vā ajjhesitabbo ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo nātimaññitabbo.

Saṅghena anumatena puggalena anuvijjakena anuvijjitukāmena na upajjhāyo pucchitabbo, na ācariyo pucchitabbo, na saddhivihāriko pucchitabbo, na antevāsiko pucchitabbo, na samānupajjhāyako pucchitabbo, na samānācariyako pucchitabbo, na jāti pucchitabbā, na nāmaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, na gottaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, na āgamo pucchitabbo, na kulapadeso pucchitabbo, na jātibhūmi pucchitabbā. Taṃ kiṃ kāraṇā? Atrassa pemaṃ vā doso vā. Peme vā sati dose vā, chandāpi gaccheyya dosāpi gaccheyya mohāpi gaccheyya bhayāpi gaccheyya.

Saṅghena anumatena puggalena anuvijjakena anuvijjitukāmena saṅghagarukena bhavitabbaṃ no puggalagarukena, saddhammagarukena bhavitabbaṃ no āmisagarukena, atthavasikena bhavitabbaṃ no parisakappikena, kālena anuvijjitabbaṃ no akālena, bhūtena anuvijjitabbaṃ no abhūtena, saṇhena anuvijjitabbaṃ no pharusena, atthasaṃhitena anuvijjitabbaṃ no anatthasaṃhitena, mettācittena anuvijjitabbaṃ no dosantarena, na upakaṇṇakajappinā bhavitabbaṃ, na jimhaṃ pekkhitabbaṃ, na akkhi nikhaṇitabbaṃ, na bhamukaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ, na sīsaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ, na hatthavikāro kātabbo, na hatthamuddā dassetabbā.

Āsanakusalena bhavitabbaṃ nisajjakusalena, yugamattaṃ pekkhantena atthaṃ anuvidhiyantena sake āsane nisīditabbaṃ, na ca āsanā vuṭṭhātabbaṃ , na vītihātabbaṃ, na kummaggo sevitabbo, na bāhāvikkhepakaṃ [na vācā vikkhepakaṃ (syā.)] bhaṇitabbaṃ, aturitena bhavitabbaṃ asāhasikena, acaṇḍikatena bhavitabbaṃ vacanakkhame , mettācittena bhavitabbaṃ hitānukampinā, kāruṇikena bhavitabbaṃ hitaparisakkinā, asamphappalāpinā bhavitabbaṃ pariyantabhāṇinā, averavasikena bhavitabbaṃ anasuruttena, attā pariggahetabbo, paro pariggahetabbo, codako pariggahetabbo, cuditako pariggahetabbo, adhammacodako pariggahetabbo, adhammacuditako pariggahetabbo, dhammacodako pariggahetabbo, dhammacuditako pariggahetabbo, vuttaṃ ahāpentena avuttaṃ apakāsentena otiṇṇāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ pariggahetvā paro paṭipucchitvā yathā paṭiññāya kāretabbo, mando hāsetabbo [vepo pahāsetabbo (syā.)], bhīrū assāsetabbo, caṇḍo nisedhetabbo, asuci vibhāvetabbo, ujumaddavena na chandāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na dosāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na mohāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na bhayāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, majjhattena bhavitabbaṃ dhammesu ca puggalesu ca. Evañca pana anuvijjako anuvijjamāno satthu ceva sāsanakaro hoti, viññūnañca sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca.

Suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāya, opammaṃ nidassanatthāya, attho viññāpanatthāya, paṭipucchā ṭhapanatthāya, okāsakammaṃ codanatthāya, codanā sāraṇatthāya, sāraṇā savacanīyatthāya, savacanīyaṃ palibodhatthāya, palibodho vinicchayatthāya, vinicchayo santīraṇatthāya, santīraṇaṃ ṭhānāṭhānagamanatthāya, ṭhānāṭhānagamanaṃ dummaṅkūnaṃ puggalānaṃ niggahatthāya, pesalānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sampaggahatthāya, saṅgho sampariggahasampaṭicchanatthāya, saṅghena anumatā puggalā paccekaṭṭhāyino avisaṃvādakaṭṭhāyino.

Vinayo saṃvaratthāya, saṃvaro avippaṭisāratthāya, avippaṭisāro pāmujjatthāya, pāmujjaṃ pītatthāya, pīti passaddhatthāya, passaddhi sukhatthāya, sukhaṃ samādhatthāya, samādhi yathābhūtañāṇadassanatthāya, yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ nibbidatthāya, nibbidā virāgatthāya, virāgo vimuttatthāya, vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanatthāya, vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ anupādāparinibbānatthāya. Etadatthā kathā, etadatthā mantanā, etadatthā upanisā, etadatthaṃ sotāvadhānaṃ – yadidaṃ anupādācittassa vimokkhoti.

這是對《小戰爭》(Cūḷasaṅgāmo)中"審查者的行為"(Anuvijjakassapaṭipatti)部分的翻譯: 審查者的行為在戰爭期間,比丘接近僧團時,應以謙卑之心接近,如同除塵之心;應當善於就座,善於安坐;不應擠開長老比丘,不應排斥新比丘,應坐在適當的座位上;不應說無關的話,不應說過多的閑話;應自己說法或請他人說法,不應輕視聖者的沉默。經僧團同意,想要審查的審查者不應詢問戒師,不應詢問老師,不應詢問同住者,不應詢問弟子,不應詢問同戒師者,不應詢問同老師者,不應詢問出身,不應詢問名字,不應詢問姓氏,不應詢問來歷,不應詢問家族背景,不應詢問出生地。為什麼?因為這可能會產生愛憎。如果有愛憎,就可能因慾望、憎恨、愚癡或恐懼而偏離。經僧團同意,想要審查的審查者應尊重僧團而不是個人,應尊重正法而不是物質,應為利益而不是為取悅大眾,應適時審查而不是不當時,應以事實審查而不是虛假,應溫和審查而不是粗暴,應有益審查而不是無益,應以慈心審查而不是懷恨在心,不應耳語,不應斜視,不應瞪眼,不應皺眉,不應抬頭,不應做手勢,不應打手勢。應善於就座,善於安坐,注視前方一牛軛之距,專注于目的,坐在自己的座位上,不應起身,不應離開,不應走邪路,不應說無關的話,應從容不迫,不應魯莽,應溫和而不暴躁,應以慈心為他人著想,應憐憫而關心利益,不應說廢話而應說有限度的話,應無怨無恨,應自我約束,應約束他人,應約束指責者,應約束被指責者,應約束非法指責者,應約束非法被指責者,應約束如法指責者,應約束如法被指責者,不遺漏已說之事,不揭露未說之事,仔細考慮已陳述的詞句,詢問他人後應按其承認而行事,應使愚者歡喜,應安慰膽怯者,應制止暴躁者,應揭露不潔者,應正直溫和,不應因慾望、憎恨、愚癡或恐懼而偏離,應對法和人保持中立。這樣審查的審查者就是導師教法的實行者,也會受到有智慧的同修們的喜愛、尊敬和敬仰。經文是爲了對照,比喻是爲了說明,意義是爲了理解,反問是爲了確立,給予機會是爲了指責,指責是爲了提醒,提醒是爲了勸告,勸告是爲了障礙,障礙是爲了判決,判決是爲了考慮,考慮是爲了決定是非,決定是非是爲了懲戒惡人,鼓勵善良比丘,僧團是爲了接受和認可,僧團認可的個人是爲了獨立和誠實。戒律是爲了約束,約束是爲了無悔,無悔是爲了歡喜,歡喜是爲了喜悅,喜悅是爲了輕安,輕安是爲了快樂,快樂是爲了定,定是爲了如實知見,如實知見是爲了厭離,厭離是爲了離欲,離欲是爲了解脫,解脫是爲了解脫知見,解脫知見是爲了無取般涅槃。這就是討論的目的,這就是商議的目的,這就是親近的目的,這就是傾聽的目的 - 也就是心無所取而解脫。

367.

Anuyogavattaṃ nisāmaya, kusalena buddhimatā kataṃ;

Suvuttaṃ sikkhāpadānulomikaṃ, gatiṃ na nāsento samparāyikaṃ.

Vatthuṃ vipattiṃ āpattiṃ, nidānaṃ ākāraakovido;

Pubbāparaṃ na jānāti, katākataṃ samena ca.

Kammañca adhikaraṇañca, samathe cāpi akovido;

Ratto duṭṭho ca mūḷho ca, bhayā mohā ca gacchati.

Na ca saññattikusalo, nijjhattiyā ca akovido;

Laddhapakkho ahiriko, kaṇhakammo anādaro;

Sa ve [sace (ka.)] tādisako bhikkhu, appaṭikkhoti vuccati.

Vatthuṃ vipattiṃ āpattiṃ, nidānaṃ ākārakovido;

Pubbāparañca jānāti, katākataṃ samena ca.

Kammañca adhikaraṇañca, samathe cāpi kovido;

Aratto aduṭṭho amūḷho, bhayā mohā na gacchati.

Saññattiyā ca kusalo, nijjhattiyā ca kovido;

Laddhapakkho hirimano, sukkakammo sagāravo;

Sa ve tādisako bhikkhu, sappaṭikkhoti vuccatīti.

Cūḷasaṅgāmo niṭṭhito.

請聽審問的規則，由智者善巧制定；善說與學處相應，不失來世的歸宿。不善巧於事、犯、罪，緣起和形態；不知前後和已作未作的平等。不善巧于業、諍事，以及平息之道；有貪、嗔、癡者，因恐懼和愚癡而行事。不善於勸導，不善巧于說服；有偏見無慚恥，行為黑暗不尊重；如此這般的比丘，被稱為不可接受。善巧於事、犯、罪，緣起和形態；了知前後和已作未作的平等。善巧于業、諍事，以及平息之道；無貪、無嗔、無癡，不因恐懼和愚癡而行事。善於勸導，善巧于說服；有偏見有慚恥，行為光明有尊重；如此這般的比丘，被稱為可接受。小戰爭經結束。

Tassuddānaṃ –

Nīcacittena puccheyya, garu saṅghe na puggale;

Suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāya, vinayānuggahena ca;

Uddānaṃ cūḷasaṅgāme, ekuddeso [ekuddesaṃ (sī. syā.)] idaṃ katanti.

這是其摘要 - 以謙卑之心詢問，尊重僧團不尊重個人；經文爲了對照，以及爲了支援戒律；這是小戰爭經的摘要，這裡做了一個總結。