B0102020304vibhaṅgavaggo(分解經)c3.5s
-
Vibhaṅgavaggo
-
Bhaddekarattasuttaṃ
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – 『『bhikkhavo』』ti. 『『Bhadante』』ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – 『『bhaddekarattassa vo, bhikkhave, uddesañca vibhaṅgañca desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo [yaṃ (nettipāḷi)] dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ [asaṃhiraṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ [kiccaṃ ātappaṃ (sī. ka.)], ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate muni』』 [munīti (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)].
- 『『Kathañca , bhikkhave, atītaṃ anvāgameti? 『Evaṃrūpo ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, 『evaṃvedano ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, 『evaṃsañño ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, 『evaṃsaṅkhāro ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, 『evaṃviññāṇo ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti – evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, atītaṃ anvāgameti.
『『Kathañca, bhikkhave, atītaṃ nānvāgameti? 『Evaṃrūpo ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, 『evaṃvedano ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, 『evaṃsañño ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, 『evaṃsaṅkhāro ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, 『evaṃviññāṇo ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti – evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, atītaṃ nānvāgameti.
- 『『Kathañca, bhikkhave, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati? 『Evaṃrūpo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, evaṃvedano siyaṃ…pe… evaṃsañño siyaṃ… evaṃsaṅkhāro siyaṃ… evaṃviññāṇo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti – evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati.
『『Kathañca, bhikkhave, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati? 『Evaṃrūpo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, evaṃvedano siyaṃ … evaṃsañño siyaṃ… evaṃsaṅkhāro siyaṃ… 『evaṃviññāṇo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhāna』nti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti – evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati.
這是我的完整直譯: 4. 分別品 1. 一夜賢者經 272. 如是我聞:一時,世尊住在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂附近)祇樹給孤獨園。那時,世尊呼喚比丘們說:"諸比丘。"那些比丘回答說:"尊者。"世尊如是說:"諸比丘,我將為你們講說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。請仔細聽,好好作意,我將宣說。"那些比丘回答世尊說:"是的,尊者。"世尊如是說: "不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" 273. "諸比丘,如何追憶過去?'過去我有如是色'而隨之生喜,'過去我有如是受'而隨之生喜,'過去我有如是想'而隨之生喜,'過去我有如是行'而隨之生喜,'過去我有如是識'而隨之生喜 - 諸比丘,這就是追憶過去。 諸比丘,如何不追憶過去?'過去我有如是色'而不隨之生喜,'過去我有如是受'而不隨之生喜,'過去我有如是想'而不隨之生喜,'過去我有如是行'而不隨之生喜,'過去我有如是識'而不隨之生喜 - 諸比丘,這就是不追憶過去。 274. "諸比丘,如何期盼未來?'未來我將有如是色'而隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是受'而隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是想'而隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是行'而隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是識'而隨之生喜 - 諸比丘,這就是期盼未來。 諸比丘,如何不期盼未來?'未來我將有如是色'而不隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是受'而不隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是想'而不隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是行'而不隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是識'而不隨之生喜 - 諸比丘,這就是不期盼未來。
- 『『Kathañca, bhikkhave, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; vedanaṃ…pe… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ – evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati.
『『Kathañca , bhikkhave, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati? Idha, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, na attani vā viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ – evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati.
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『『Bhaddekarattassa vo, bhikkhave, uddesañca vibhaṅgañca desessāmī』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vutta』』nti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Bhaddekarattasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.
-
Ānandabhaddekarattasuttaṃ
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ānando upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca bhāsati.
Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenupaṭṭhānasālā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – 『『ko nu kho, bhikkhave, upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsī』』ti? 『『Āyasmā, bhante, ānando upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsī』』ti.
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – 『『yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, ānanda, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi , bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsī』』ti? 『『Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesiṃ samādapesiṃ samuttejesiṃ sampahaṃsesiṃ, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsiṃ –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate muni』』.
- "諸比丘,如何在現在諸法中動搖?在此,諸比丘,未聞法的凡夫不見聖者,不知聖法,不善巧聖法,不見善人,不知善人法,不善巧善人法,他視色為我,或視我有色,或視色在我中,或視我在色中;他視受...想...行...識為我,或視我有識,或視識在我中,或視我在識中 - 諸比丘,這就是在現在諸法中動搖。 諸比丘,如何在現在諸法中不動搖?在此,諸比丘,多聞聖弟子見聖者,知聖法,善巧聖法,見善人,知善人法,善巧善人法,他不視色為我,不視我有色,不視色在我中,不視我在色中;他不視受...不視想...不視行...不視識為我,不視我有識,不視識在我中,不視我在識中 - 諸比丘,這就是在現在諸法中不動搖。 "不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" '諸比丘,我將為你們講說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解' - 這就是基於此而說的。" 世尊如是說。那些比丘滿意歡喜世尊所說。 第一 一夜賢者經終
- 阿難一夜賢者經
-
如是我聞:一時,世尊住在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂附近)祇樹給孤獨園。那時,尊者阿難在集會堂中為比丘們以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜,宣說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。 那時,世尊在傍晚從獨處起來,來到集會堂,來到後坐在準備好的座位上。坐下後,世尊對比丘們說:"比丘們,是誰在集會堂中為比丘們以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜,宣說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解?""尊者,是尊者阿難在集會堂中為比丘們以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜,宣說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。" 那時,世尊對尊者阿難說:"阿難,你是如何為比丘們以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜,宣說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解的?""尊者,我是這樣為比丘們以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜,宣說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解的: "不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。"
-
『『Kathañca, āvuso, atītaṃ anvāgameti? Evaṃrūpo ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, evaṃvedano ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, evaṃsañño ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, evaṃsaṅkhāro ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, evaṃviññāṇo ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti – evaṃ kho, āvuso, atītaṃ anvāgameti.
『『Kathañca, āvuso, atītaṃ nānvāgameti? Evaṃrūpo ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, evaṃvedano ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, evaṃsañño ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, evaṃsaṅkhāro ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, evaṃviññāṇo ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti – evaṃ kho, āvuso, atītaṃ nānvāgameti.
『『Kathañca, āvuso, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati? Evaṃrūpo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti, evaṃvedano siyaṃ…pe… evaṃsañño siyaṃ… evaṃsaṅkhāro siyaṃ… evaṃviññāṇo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ samanvāneti – evaṃ kho, āvuso, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati.
『『Kathañca, āvuso, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati? Evaṃrūpo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti, evaṃvedano siyaṃ…pe… evaṃsañño siyaṃ… evaṃsaṅkhāro siyaṃ… evaṃviññāṇo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānanti tattha nandiṃ na samanvāneti – evaṃ kho, āvuso, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati.
『『Kathañca, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati? Idha, āvuso, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ – evaṃ kho, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati.
『『Kathañca , āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati? Idha, āvuso, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, na attani vā viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ – evaṃ kho, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati.
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesiṃ samādapesiṃ samuttejesiṃ sampahaṃsesiṃ, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsi』』nti.
-
"賢友,如何追憶過去?'過去我有如是色'而隨之生喜,'過去我有如是受'而隨之生喜,'過去我有如是想'而隨之生喜,'過去我有如是行'而隨之生喜,'過去我有如是識'而隨之生喜 - 賢友,這就是追憶過去。 賢友,如何不追憶過去?'過去我有如是色'而不隨之生喜,'過去我有如是受'而不隨之生喜,'過去我有如是想'而不隨之生喜,'過去我有如是行'而不隨之生喜,'過去我有如是識'而不隨之生喜 - 賢友,這就是不追憶過去。 賢友,如何期盼未來?'未來我將有如是色'而隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是受'而隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是想'而隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是行'而隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是識'而隨之生喜 - 賢友,這就是期盼未來。 賢友,如何不期盼未來?'未來我將有如是色'而不隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是受'而不隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是想'而不隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是行'而不隨之生喜,'未來我將有如是識'而不隨之生喜 - 賢友,這就是不期盼未來。 賢友,如何在現在諸法中動搖?在此,賢友,未聞法的凡夫不見聖者,不知聖法,不善巧聖法,不見善人,不知善人法,不善巧善人法,他視色為我,或視我有色,或視色在我中,或視我在色中;他視受...想...行...識為我,或視我有識,或視識在我中,或視我在識中 - 賢友,這就是在現在諸法中動搖。 賢友,如何在現在諸法中不動搖?在此,賢友,多聞聖弟子見聖者,知聖法,善巧聖法,見善人,知善人法,善巧善人法,他不視色為我,不視我有色,不視色在我中,不視我在色中;他不視受...不視想...不視行...不視識為我,不視我有識,不視識在我中,不視我在識中 - 賢友,這就是在現在諸法中不動搖。 "不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" "尊者,我就是這樣為比丘們以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜,宣說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解的。"
-
『『Sādhu , sādhu, ānanda! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, ānanda, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsi –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『Kathañca, ānanda, atītaṃ anvāgameti…pe… evaṃ kho, ānanda, atītaṃ anvāgameti. Kathañca, ānanda, atītaṃ nānvāgameti…pe… evaṃ kho, ānanda, atītaṃ nānvāgameti. Kathañca, ānanda, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati…pe… evaṃ kho, ānanda, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati. Kathañca, ānanda, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati…pe… evaṃ kho, ānanda, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati. Kathañca, ānanda, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati…pe… evaṃ kho, ānanda, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati. Kathañca, ānanda, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati…pe… evaṃ kho, ānanda, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati.
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā ānando bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
Ānandabhaddekarattasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.
-
Mahākaccānabhaddekarattasuttaṃ
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati tapodārāme. Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya yena tapodo [tapodā (sī.)] tenupasaṅkami gattāni parisiñcituṃ. Tapode gattāni parisiñcitvā paccuttaritvā ekacīvaro aṭṭhāsi gattāni pubbāpayamāno [sukkhāpayamāno (ka.)]. Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ tapodaṃ obhāsetvā yenāyasmā samiddhi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā āyasmantaṃ samiddhiṃ etadavoca – 『『dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā』』ti? 『『Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā』』ti? 『『Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』』ti? 『『Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthāti. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』』ti? 『『Ahampi kho, bhikkhu na dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthāti. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādibrahmacariyako』』ti. Idamavoca sā devatā; idaṃ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi.
-
"善哉,善哉,阿難!阿難,你善巧地為比丘們以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、令歡喜,宣說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解 - "不應追憶過去...(中略)... 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" "阿難,如何追憶過去...(中略)...阿難,這就是追憶過去。阿難,如何不追憶過去...(中略)...阿難,這就是不追憶過去。阿難,如何期盼未來...(中略)...阿難,這就是期盼未來。阿難,如何不期盼未來...(中略)...阿難,這就是不期盼未來。阿難,如何在現在諸法中動搖...(中略)...阿難,這就是在現在諸法中動搖。阿難,如何在現在諸法中不動搖...(中略)...阿難,這就是在現在諸法中不動搖。 "不應追憶過去...(中略)... 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" 世尊如是說。尊者阿難滿意歡喜世尊所說。 第二 阿難一夜賢者經終
- 摩訶迦旃延一夜賢者經
-
如是我聞:一時,世尊住在王舍城(現今印度比哈爾邦巴特那市附近)溫泉精舍。那時,尊者三彌提在後夜起來,去溫泉沐浴身體。在溫泉沐浴身體后,上岸穿一件衣服站著擦乾身體。這時,一位天神在深夜裡以殊勝的容色照亮整個溫泉,來到尊者三彌提那裡,來到後站在一旁。站在一旁的那位天神對尊者三彌提說:"比丘,你記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解嗎?""賢友,我不記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。賢友,你記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解嗎?""比丘,我也不記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。比丘,你記得一夜賢者的偈頌嗎?""賢友,我不記得一夜賢者的偈頌。賢友,你記得一夜賢者的偈頌嗎?""比丘,我也不記得一夜賢者的偈頌。比丘,你應學習一夜賢者的摘要和詳解;比丘,你應熟習一夜賢者的摘要和詳解;比丘,你應記住一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。比丘,一夜賢者的摘要和詳解是有意義的,是梵行的基礎。"那位天神說了這些話后,就在那裡消失了。
-
Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi tassā rattiyā accayena yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā samiddhi bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
『『Idhāhaṃ, bhante, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya yena tapodo tenupasaṅkamiṃ gattāni parisiñcituṃ. Tapode gattāni parisiñcitvā paccuttaritvā ekacīvaro aṭṭhāsiṃ gattāni pubbāpayamāno. Atha kho bhante, aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ tapodaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā maṃ etadavoca – 『dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā』』』ti?
『『Evaṃ vutte ahaṃ, bhante, taṃ devataṃ etadavocaṃ – 『na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā』ti? 『Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』ti? 『Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthāti. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』ti? 『Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthāti. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādibrahmacariyako』ti. Idamavoca, bhante, sā devatā; idaṃ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi. Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca desetū』』ti. 『『Tena hi, bhikkhu, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho āyasmā samiddhi bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā; idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ , acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi – 『『idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā』』ti?
Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – 『『ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ; pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā』』ti.
-
那時,尊者三彌提在那夜過後來到世尊那裡,來到后禮拜世尊,然後坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者三彌提對世尊說: "尊者,我在後夜起來,去溫泉沐浴身體。在溫泉沐浴身體后,上岸穿一件衣服站著擦乾身體。尊者,這時一位天神在深夜裡以殊勝的容色照亮整個溫泉,來到我這裡,來到後站在一旁。站在一旁的那位天神對我說:'比丘,你記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解嗎?'" "尊者,我這樣對那位天神說:'賢友,我不記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。賢友,你記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解嗎?''比丘,我也不記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。比丘,你記得一夜賢者的偈頌嗎?''賢友,我不記得一夜賢者的偈頌。賢友,你記得一夜賢者的偈頌嗎?''比丘,我也不記得一夜賢者的偈頌。比丘,你應學習一夜賢者的摘要和詳解;比丘,你應熟習一夜賢者的摘要和詳解;比丘,你應記住一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。比丘,一夜賢者的摘要和詳解是有意義的,是梵行的基礎。'尊者,那位天神說了這些話后,就在那裡消失了。尊者,請世尊為我講說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。" "那麼,比丘,你聽著,好好作意,我將宣說。""是的,尊者。"尊者三彌提回答世尊。世尊如是說: "不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" 世尊說了這些。說完后,善逝從座位起來進入精舍。那時,在世尊離開不久,那些比丘想:"賢友們,世尊簡略地說了摘要,沒有詳細解釋其意義就從座位起來進入精舍 - "不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" "誰能詳細解釋世尊簡略說的這個摘要的意義呢?" 那時,那些比丘想:"尊者摩訶迦旃延受到導師的讚歎,也受到有智慧的同梵行者的尊敬;尊者摩訶迦旃延能夠詳細解釋世尊簡略說的這個摘要的意義。我們應該去尊者摩訶迦旃延那裡,去後向尊者摩訶迦旃延請教這個意義。"
-
Atha kho te bhikkhū yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākaccānena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavocuṃ – 『『idaṃ kho no, āvuso kaccāna, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『Tesaṃ no, āvuso kaccāna, amhākaṃ, acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi – idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyāti? Tesaṃ no , āvuso kaccāna, amhākaṃ etadahosi – 『ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā』ti. Vibhajatāyasmā mahākaccāno』』ti.
『『Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṃ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva mūlaṃ atikkamma khandhaṃ sākhāpalāse sāraṃ pariyesitabbaṃ maññeyya; evaṃ sampadamidaṃ āyasmantānaṃ satthari sammukhībhūte taṃ bhagavantaṃ atisitvā amhe etamatthaṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ maññatha [maññetha (pī.)]. So hāvuso, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, yathā vo bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā』』ti.
『『Addhāvuso kaccāna, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāma; yathā no bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāma. Api cāyasmā mahākaccāno satthuceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ; pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Vibhajatāyasmā mahākaccāno agaruṃ karitvā』』ti [agarukaritvā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)].
『『Tena hāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evamāvuso』』ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākaccānassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā mahākaccāno etadavoca –
『『Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
Imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi –
-
那時,那些比丘來到尊者摩訶迦旃延那裡,來到后與尊者摩訶迦旃延互相問候。寒暄敘舊后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘對尊者摩訶迦旃延說:"賢友迦旃延,世尊簡略地說了這個摘要,沒有詳細解釋其意義就從座位起來進入精舍 - "不應追憶過去...(中略)... 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" "賢友迦旃延,在世尊離開不久,我們想:'賢友們,世尊簡略地說了這個摘要,沒有詳細解釋其意義就從座位起來進入精舍 - "不應追憶過去...(中略)... 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" "誰能詳細解釋世尊簡略說的這個摘要的意義呢?'賢友迦旃延,我們想:'尊者摩訶迦旃延受到導師的讚歎,也受到有智慧的同梵行者的尊敬;尊者摩訶迦旃延能夠詳細解釋世尊簡略說的這個摘要的意義。我們應該去尊者摩訶迦旃延那裡,去後向尊者摩訶迦旃延請教這個意義。'請尊者摩訶迦旃延解釋。" "賢友們,就像一個尋求實木的人,想要實木,在尋找實木時,遇到一棵大樹站立著,有實木,卻越過了根,越過了樹幹,認為應該在枝葉中尋找實木;你們也是如此,在導師面前卻越過了世尊,認為應該向我們請教這個意義。賢友們,那位世尊知道應知的,見到應見的,他是眼,他是智,他是法,他是梵,他是說者,他是宣說者,他是義的闡明者,他是甘露的施與者,他是法主,他是如來。那正是你們應該向世尊請教這個意義的時候,世尊怎麼解釋,你們就應該怎麼記住。" "確實,賢友迦旃延,那位世尊知道應知的,見到應見的,他是眼,他是智,他是法,他是梵,他是說者,他是宣說者,他是義的闡明者,他是甘露的施與者,他是法主,他是如來。那正是我們應該向世尊請教這個意義的時候,世尊怎麼解釋,我們就應該怎麼記住。但是尊者摩訶迦旃延受到導師的讚歎,也受到有智慧的同梵行者的尊敬;尊者摩訶迦旃延能夠詳細解釋世尊簡略說的這個摘要的意義。請尊者摩訶迦旃延不要嫌麻煩解釋。" "那麼,賢友們,你們聽著,好好作意,我將宣說。""是的,賢友。"那些比丘回答尊者摩訶迦旃延。尊者摩訶迦旃延如是說: "賢友們,世尊簡略地說了這個摘要,沒有詳細解釋其意義就從座位起來進入精舍 - "不應追憶過去...(中略)... 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" 賢友們,我如此理解世尊簡略說的這個摘要的詳細意義 -
-
『『Kathañca, āvuso, atītaṃ anvāgameti? Iti me cakkhu ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti – tattha chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ [chandarāgappaṭibandhaṃ (ka.)] hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto atītaṃ anvāgameti. Iti me sotaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti…pe… iti me ghānaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti… iti me jivhā ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti… iti me kāyo ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti… iti me mano ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti – tattha chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto atītaṃ anvāgameti – evaṃ kho, āvuso, atītaṃ anvāgameti.
『『Kathañca , āvuso, atītaṃ nānvāgameti? Iti me cakkhu ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti – tattha na chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto atītaṃ nānvāgameti. Iti me sotaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti…pe… iti me ghānaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti… iti me jivhā ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti… iti me kāyo ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti… iti me mano ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti – tattha na chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa, na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto atītaṃ nānvāgameti – evaṃ kho, āvuso, atītaṃ nānvāgameti.
- 『『Kathañca , āvuso, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati? Iti me cakkhu siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti – appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ paṇidahati, cetaso paṇidhānapaccayā tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati. Iti me sotaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti…pe… iti me ghānaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti… iti me jivhā siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti… iti me kāyo siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti… iti me mano siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti – appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ paṇidahati, cetaso paṇidhānapaccayā tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati – evaṃ kho, āvuso, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati.
『『Kathañca, āvuso, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati? Iti me cakkhu siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti – appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ nappaṇidahati , cetaso appaṇidhānapaccayā na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati. Iti me sotaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti…pe… iti me ghānaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti… iti me jivhā siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti… iti me kāyo siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti… iti me mano siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti – appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ nappaṇidahati, cetaso appaṇidhānapaccayā na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati – evaṃ kho, āvuso, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati.
- "賢友們,如何追憶過去?'過去我有如是眼,如是色'- 識與欲貪相應,因識與欲貪相應而喜愛它,因喜愛它而追憶過去。'過去我有如是耳,如是聲'...(中略)...'過去我有如是鼻,如是香'...'過去我有如是舌,如是味'...'過去我有如是身,如是觸'...'過去我有如是意,如是法'- 識與欲貪相應,因識與欲貪相應而喜愛它,因喜愛它而追憶過去 - 賢友們,這就是追憶過去。 賢友們,如何不追憶過去?'過去我有如是眼,如是色'- 識不與欲貪相應,因識不與欲貪相應而不喜愛它,因不喜愛它而不追憶過去。'過去我有如是耳,如是聲'...(中略)...'過去我有如是鼻,如是香'...'過去我有如是舌,如是味'...'過去我有如是身,如是觸'...'過去我有如是意,如是法'- 識不與欲貪相應,因識不與欲貪相應而不喜愛它,因不喜愛它而不追憶過去 - 賢友們,這就是不追憶過去。
-
"賢友們,如何期盼未來?'未來我將有如是眼,如是色'- 爲了獲得未獲得的,心生希求,因心的希求而喜愛它,因喜愛它而期盼未來。'未來我將有如是耳,如是聲'...(中略)...'未來我將有如是鼻,如是香'...'未來我將有如是舌,如是味'...'未來我將有如是身,如是觸'...'未來我將有如是意,如是法'- 爲了獲得未獲得的,心生希求,因心的希求而喜愛它,因喜愛它而期盼未來 - 賢友們,這就是期盼未來。 賢友們,如何不期盼未來?'未來我將有如是眼,如是色'- 爲了獲得未獲得的,心不生希求,因心不希求而不喜愛它,因不喜愛它而不期盼未來。'未來我將有如是耳,如是聲'...(中略)...'未來我將有如是鼻,如是香'...'未來我將有如是舌,如是味'...'未來我將有如是身,如是觸'...'未來我將有如是意,如是法'- 爲了獲得未獲得的,心不生希求,因心不希求而不喜愛它,因不喜愛它而不期盼未來 - 賢友們,這就是不期盼未來。
-
『『Kathañca, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati? Yañcāvuso, cakkhu ye ca rūpā – ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati. Yañcāvuso, sotaṃ ye ca saddā…pe… yañcāvuso, ghānaṃ ye ca gandhā… yā cāvuso, jivhā ye ca rasā… yo cāvuso, kāyo ye ca phoṭṭhabbā… yo cāvuso, mano ye ca dhammā – ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati – evaṃ kho, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati.
『『Kathañca , āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati? Yañcāvuso, cakkhu ye ca rūpā – ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne na chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati. Yañcāvuso, sotaṃ ye ca saddā…pe… yañcāvuso, ghānaṃ ye ca gandhā… yā cāvuso, jivhā ye ca rasā… yo cāvuso, kāyo ye ca phoṭṭhabbā… yo cāvuso, mano ye ca dhammā – ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne na chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati – evaṃ kho, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati.
-
"賢友們,如何在現在諸法中動搖?賢友們,眼和色 - 這兩者是現在的。如果在這現在中,識與欲貪相應,因識與欲貪相應而喜愛它,因喜愛它而在現在諸法中動搖。賢友們,耳和聲...(中略)...賢友們,鼻和香...賢友們,舌和味...賢友們,身和觸...賢友們,意和法 - 這兩者是現在的。如果在這現在中,識與欲貪相應,因識與欲貪相應而喜愛它,因喜愛它而在現在諸法中動搖 - 賢友們,這就是在現在諸法中動搖。 賢友們,如何在現在諸法中不動搖?賢友們,眼和色 - 這兩者是現在的。如果在這現在中,識不與欲貪相應,因識不與欲貪相應而不喜愛它,因不喜愛它而在現在諸法中不動搖。賢友們,耳和聲...(中略)...賢友們,鼻和香...賢友們,舌和味...賢友們,身和觸...賢友們,意和法 - 這兩者是現在的。如果在這現在中,識不與欲貪相應,因識不與欲貪相應而不喜愛它,因不喜愛它而在現在諸法中不動搖 - 賢友們,這就是在現在諸法中
-
『『Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『Imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe āyasmanto bhagavantaṃyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā』』ti.
Atha kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākaccānassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – 『『yaṃ kho no, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ, acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi – 『『idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『『Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā』ti? Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi – 『ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā』ti. Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkamimha; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipucchimha. Tesaṃ no, bhante, āyasmatā mahākaccānena imehi ākārehi imehi padehi imehi byañjanehi attho vibhatto』』ti.
『『Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, mahākaccāno; mahāpañño, bhikkhave mahākaccāno. Maṃ cepi tumhe, bhikkhave, etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, ahampi taṃ evamevaṃ byākareyyaṃ yathā taṃ mahākaccānena byākataṃ. Eso, cevetassa attho. Evañca naṃ dhārethā』』ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Mahākaccānabhaddekarattasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.
-
Lomasakaṅgiyabhaddekarattasuttaṃ
-
"賢友們,世尊簡略地說了這個摘要,沒有詳細解釋其意義就從座位起來進入精舍 - '不應追憶過去...(中略)... 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。' 賢友們,我如此理解世尊簡略說的這個摘要的詳細意義。如果你們想要的話,可以去親自向世尊請教這個意義,世尊怎麼解釋,你們就應該怎麼記住。" 那時,那些比丘歡喜讚歎尊者摩訶迦旃延的話,從座位起來去世尊那裡,去到后禮拜世尊,然後坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘對世尊說:"尊者,世尊簡略地說了這個摘要,沒有詳細解釋其意義就從座位起來進入精舍 - '不應追憶過去...(中略)... 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。' 尊者,在世尊離開不久,我們想:'賢友們,世尊簡略地說了這個摘要,沒有詳細解釋其意義就從座位起來進入精舍 - '不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。' '誰能詳細解釋世尊簡略說的這個摘要的意義呢?'尊者,我們想:'尊者摩訶迦旃延受到導師的讚歎,也受到有智慧的同梵行者的尊敬;尊者摩訶迦旃延能夠詳細解釋世尊簡略說的這個摘要的意義。我們應該去尊者摩訶迦旃延那裡,去後向尊者摩訶迦旃延請教這個意義。'尊者,我們就去了尊者摩訶迦旃延那裡,去後向尊者摩訶迦旃延請教了這個意義。尊者,尊者摩訶迦旃延用這些方法、這些詞句、這些文字為我們解釋了其意義。" "比丘們,摩訶迦旃延是智者;比丘們,摩訶迦旃延是大智慧者。比丘們,如果你們向我請教這個意義,我也會像摩訶迦旃延那樣解釋。這就是其意義,你們應該這樣記住。" 世尊如是說。那些比丘滿意歡喜世尊所說。 第三 摩訶迦旃延一夜賢者經終
-
盧摩薩甘基耶一夜賢者經
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo [lomasakakaṅgiyo (ṭīkā)] sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho candano devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ nigrodhārāmaṃ obhāsetvā yenāyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho candano devaputto āyasmantaṃ lomasakaṅgiyaṃ etadavoca – 『『dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā』』ti? 『『Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā』』ti? 『『Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』』ti? 『『Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』』ti? 『『Dhāremi kho ahaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』』ti. 『『Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』』ti? 『『Ekamidaṃ, bhikkhu, samayaṃ bhagavā devesu tāvatiṃsesu viharati pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ. Tatra bhagavā devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsi –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ , bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādibrahmacariyako』』ti. Idamavoca candano devaputto. Idaṃ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi.
-
如是我聞:一時,世尊住在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂附近)祇樹給孤獨園。那時,尊者盧摩薩甘基耶住在釋迦族的迦毗羅衛城(現今尼泊爾藍毗尼附近)尼拘律園。那時,天子旃陀那在深夜裡以殊勝的容色照亮整個尼拘律園,來到尊者盧摩薩甘基耶那裡,來到後站在一旁。站在一旁的天子旃陀那對尊者盧摩薩甘基耶說:"比丘,你記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解嗎?""賢友,我不記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。賢友,你記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解嗎?""比丘,我也不記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。比丘,你記得一夜賢者的偈頌嗎?""賢友,我不記得一夜賢者的偈頌。賢友,你記得一夜賢者的偈頌嗎?""比丘,我記得一夜賢者的偈頌。""賢友,你是如何記得一夜賢者的偈頌的?""比丘,有一次世尊住在三十三天的圓生樹下的黃金石上。在那裡,世尊為三十三天的諸天說了一夜賢者的摘要和詳解: '不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。' 比丘,我就是這樣記得一夜賢者的偈頌。比丘,你應學習一夜賢者的摘要和詳解;比丘,你應熟習一夜賢者的摘要和詳解;比丘,你應記住一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。比丘,一夜賢者的摘要和詳解是有意義的,是梵行的基礎。"天子旃陀那說了這些話后,就在那裡消失了。
-
Atha kho āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo tassā rattiyā accayena senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi jetavanaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
『『Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ sakkesu viharāmi kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho, bhante, aññataro devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ nigrodhārāmaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, bhante, so devaputto maṃ etadavoca – 『dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā』ti? Evaṃ vutte ahaṃ, bhante, taṃ devaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – 『na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā』ti? 『Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』ti? 『Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』ti? 『Dhāremi kho ahaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』ti. 『Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā』ti? Ekamidaṃ, bhikkhu, samayaṃ bhagavā devesu tāvatiṃsesu viharati pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ . Tatra kho bhagavā devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsi –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
『『Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādibrahmacariyako』ti. Idamavoca, bhante, so devaputto; idaṃ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi. Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca desetū』』ti.
-
那時,尊者盧摩薩甘基耶在那夜過後,收拾住處,拿起衣缽,向舍衛城出發遊行。他漸次遊行,來到舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園世尊那裡,來到后禮拜世尊,然後坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者盧摩薩甘基耶對世尊說: "尊者,有一次我住在釋迦族的迦毗羅衛城尼拘律園。尊者,那時一位天子在深夜裡以殊勝的容色照亮整個尼拘律園,來到我這裡,來到後站在一旁。尊者,站在一旁的那位天子對我說:'比丘,你記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解嗎?'尊者,我這樣對那位天子說:'賢友,我不記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。賢友,你記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解嗎?''比丘,我也不記得一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。比丘,你記得一夜賢者的偈頌嗎?''賢友,我不記得一夜賢者的偈頌。賢友,你記得一夜賢者的偈頌嗎?''比丘,我記得一夜賢者的偈頌。''賢友,你是如何記得一夜賢者的偈頌的?''比丘,有一次世尊住在三十三天的圓生樹下的黃金石上。在那裡,世尊為三十三天的諸天說了一夜賢者的摘要和詳解: '不應追憶過去...(中略)... 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。' 比丘,我就是這樣記得一夜賢者的偈頌。比丘,你應學習一夜賢者的摘要和詳解;比丘,你應熟習一夜賢者的摘要和詳解;比丘,你應記住一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。比丘,一夜賢者的摘要和詳解是有意義的,是梵行的基礎。'尊者,那位天子說了這些話后,就在那裡消失了。尊者,請世尊為我講說一夜賢者的摘要和詳解。"
-
『『Jānāsi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, taṃ devaputta』』nti? 『『Na kho ahaṃ, bhante, jānāmi taṃ devaputta』』nti. 『『Candano nāma so, bhikkhu, devaputto. Candano, bhikkhu, devaputto aṭṭhiṃ katvā [aṭṭhikatvā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] manasikatvā sabbacetasā [sabbaṃ cetaso (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.), sabbaṃ cetasā (ka.)] samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇāti. Tena hi, bhikkhu, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā;
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate muni』』.
『『Kathañca, bhikkhu, atītaṃ anvāgameti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, atītaṃ anvāgameti. Kathañca , bhikkhu, atītaṃ nānvāgameti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, atītaṃ nānvāgameti. Kathañca, bhikkhu, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati. Kathañca, bhikkhu, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati. Kathañca, bhikkhu, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati. Kathañca, bhikkhu, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati.
『『Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
『『Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
『『Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
『『Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī』』ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
Lomasakaṅgiyabhaddekarattasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ catutthaṃ.
-
Cūḷakammavibhaṅgasuttaṃ [subhasuttantipi vuccati]
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane, anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
『『Ko nu kho, bho gotama, hetu ko paccayo yena manussānaṃyeva sataṃ manussabhūtānaṃ dissanti hīnappaṇītatā? Dissanti hi, bho gotama, manussā appāyukā, dissanti dīghāyukā; dissanti bavhābādhā [bahvābādhā (syā. kaṃ. ka.)], dissanti appābādhā; dissanti dubbaṇṇā, dissanti vaṇṇavanto; dissanti appesakkhā, dissanti mahesakkhā; dissanti appabhogā, dissanti mahābhogā; dissanti nīcakulīnā, dissanti uccākulīnā; dissanti duppaññā, dissanti paññavanto [paññāvanto (sī. pī.)]. Ko nu kho, bho gotama, hetu ko paccayo yena manussānaṃyeva sataṃ manussabhūtānaṃ dissanti hīnappaṇītatā』』ti?
『『Kammassakā , māṇava, sattā kammadāyādā kammayonī kammabandhū [kammayoni kammabandhu (sī.)] kammappaṭisaraṇā. Kammaṃ satte vibhajati yadidaṃ – hīnappaṇītatāyāti. Na kho ahaṃ imassa bhoto gotamassa saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Sādhu me bhavaṃ gotamo tathā dhammaṃ desetu yathā ahaṃ imassa bhoto gotamassa saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājāneyya』』nti.
- "比丘,你認識那位天子嗎?""尊者,我不認識那位天子。""比丘,那位天子名叫旃陀那。比丘,天子旃陀那專注、用心、全神貫注、傾聽法。那麼,比丘,你聽著,好好作意,我將宣說。""是的,尊者。"尊者盧摩薩甘基耶回答世尊。世尊如是說: "不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" "比丘,如何追憶過去...(中略)...比丘,這就是追憶過去。比丘,如何不追憶過去...(中略)...比丘,這就是不追憶過去。比丘,如何期盼未來...(中略)...比丘,這就是期盼未來。比丘,如何不期盼未來...(中略)...比丘,這就是不期盼未來。比丘,如何在現在諸法中動搖...(中略)...比丘,這就是在現在諸法中動搖。比丘,如何在現在諸法中不動搖...(中略)...比丘,這就是在現在諸法中不動搖。 "不應追憶過去,不應期盼未來; 過去已經逝去,未來尚未到來。 現在之法當下,處處以慧觀察; 不動搖不動轉,智者應增長之。 今日應勤精進,誰知明日死亡? 無人能與死神,及其大軍討價。 如是住而精進,日夜不懈怠者; 彼實一夜賢者,寂靜牟尼所說。" 世尊如是說。尊者盧摩薩甘基耶滿意歡喜世尊所說。 第四 盧摩薩甘基耶一夜賢者經終
- 小業分別經 [也稱為須婆經]
-
如是我聞:一時,世尊住在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園。那時,青年須婆·都提子來到世尊那裡,來到后與世尊互相問候。寒暄敘舊后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的青年須婆·都提子對世尊說: "喬達摩先生,是什麼因、什麼緣,使得同爲人類的眾生中,可見到卑賤與高貴?喬達摩先生,可見到人壽命短,可見到壽命長;可見到多病,可見到少病;可見到醜陋,可見到美麗;可見到無勢力,可見到大勢力;可見到貧窮,可見到富有;可見到出身低賤,可見到出身高貴;可見到愚笨,可見到有智慧。喬達摩先生,是什麼因、什麼緣,使得同爲人類的眾生中,可見到卑賤與高貴?" "青年,眾生是業的所有者,業的繼承者,以業為起源,以業為親屬,以業為皈依。業使眾生分別為卑賤與高貴。""我不完全理解喬達摩先生簡略說的、未詳細解釋其意義的這番話的詳細意義。請喬達摩先生為我說法,使我能理解喬達摩先生簡略說的、未詳細解釋其意義的這番話的詳細意義。"
-
『『Tena hi, māṇava, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bho』』ti kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『Idha, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā pāṇātipātī hoti luddo lohitapāṇi hatapahate niviṭṭho adayāpanno pāṇabhūtesu [sabbapāṇabhūtesu (sī. ka.)]. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena [samādiṇṇena (pī. ka.)] kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati appāyuko hoti. Appāyukasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – pāṇātipātī hoti luddo lohitapāṇi hatapahate niviṭṭho adayāpanno pāṇabhūtesu.
『『Idha pana, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho, lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati dīghāyuko hoti. Dīghāyukasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho, lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati.
- 『『Idha , māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā sattānaṃ viheṭhakajātiko hoti, pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati bavhābādho hoti. Bavhābādhasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – sattānaṃ viheṭhakajātiko hoti pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā.
『『Idha pana, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā sattānaṃ aviheṭhakajātiko hoti pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati appābādho hoti. Appābādhasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – sattānaṃ aviheṭhakajātiko hoti pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā.
- 『『Idha, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo. Appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patiṭṭhīyati kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati dubbaṇṇo hoti. Dubbaṇṇasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo; appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patiṭṭhīyati kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti.
『『Idha pana, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā akkodhano hoti anupāyāsabahulo; bahumpi vutto samāno nābhisajjati na kuppati na byāpajjati na patiṭṭhīyati na kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati pāsādiko hoti. Pāsādikasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – akkodhano hoti anupāyāsabahulo; bahumpi vutto samāno nābhisajjati na kuppati na byāpajjati na patiṭṭhīyati na kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti.
- "那麼,青年,你聽著,好好作意,我將宣說。""是的,先生。"青年須婆·都提子回答世尊。世尊如是說: "青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,是殺生者,殘忍嗜血,專事殺戮打擊,對眾生毫無慈悲。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。如果身壞命終后沒有生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會短命。青年,這就是導致短命的行為,即:是殺生者,殘忍嗜血,專事殺戮打擊,對眾生毫無慈悲。 青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,斷除殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍杖,放下刀劍,有慚有愧,對一切眾生懷有慈悲心而住。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。如果身壞命終后沒有生於善趣、天界,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會長壽。青年,這就是導致長壽的行為,即:斷除殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍杖,放下刀劍,有慚有愧,對一切眾生懷有慈悲心而住。
- 青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,習慣傷害眾生,用手或土塊或棍棒或刀劍。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。如果身壞命終后沒有生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會多病。青年,這就是導致多病的行為,即:習慣傷害眾生,用手或土塊或棍棒或刀劍。 青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,習慣不傷害眾生,不用手或土塊或棍棒或刀劍。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。如果身壞命終后沒有生於善趣、天界,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會少病。青年,這就是導致少病的行為,即:習慣不傷害眾生,不用手或土塊或棍棒或刀劍。
-
青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,易怒多惱,即使被稍微責備也會生氣、發怒、嗔恨、敵對,顯露出憤怒、憎恨和不滿。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。如果身壞命終后沒有生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會醜陋。青年,這就是導致醜陋的行為,即:易怒多惱,即使被稍微責備也會生氣、發怒、嗔恨、敵對,顯露出憤怒、憎恨和不滿。 青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,不易怒不多惱,即使被多次責備也不會生氣、不會發怒、不會嗔恨、不會敵對,不顯露出憤怒、憎恨和不滿。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。如果身壞命終后沒有生於善趣、天界,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會美麗。青年,這就是導致美麗的行為,即:不易怒不多惱,即使被多次責備也不會生氣、不會發怒、不會嗔恨、不會敵對
-
『『Idha, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā issāmanako hoti; paralābhasakkāragarukāramānanavandanapūjanāsu issati upadussati issaṃ bandhati. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati appesakkho hoti. Appesakkhasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – issāmanako hoti; paralābhasakkāragarukāramānanavandanapūjanāsu issati upadussati issaṃ bandhati.
『『Idha pana, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā anissāmanako hoti; paralābhasakkāragarukāramānanavandanapūjanāsu na issati na upadussati na issaṃ bandhati. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati mahesakkho hoti. Mahesakkhasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava , paṭipadā yadidaṃ – anissāmanako hoti; paralābhasakkāragarukāramānanavandanapūjanāsu na issati na upadussati na issaṃ bandhati.
- 『『Idha, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā na dātā hoti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati appabhogo hoti. Appabhogasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – na dātā hoti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ.
『『Idha pana, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā dātā hoti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati mahābhogo hoti. Mahābhogasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – dātā hoti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ.
- "青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,是嫉妒者;對他人的利養、恭敬、尊重、崇拜、禮敬、供養生起嫉妒、憎恨、懷恨。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。如果身壞命終后沒有生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會無勢力。青年,這就是導致無勢力的行為,即:是嫉妒者;對他人的利養、恭敬、尊重、崇拜、禮敬、供養生起嫉妒、憎恨、懷恨。 青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,不是嫉妒者;對他人的利養、恭敬、尊重、崇拜、禮敬、供養不生起嫉妒、不憎恨、不懷恨。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。如果身壞命終后沒有生於善趣、天界,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會有大勢力。青年,這就是導致有大勢力的行為,即:不是嫉妒者;對他人的利養、恭敬、尊重、崇拜、禮敬、供養不生起嫉妒、不憎恨、不懷恨。
-
青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,不是施與者,不給沙門或婆羅門食物、飲料、衣服、車乘、花鬘、香料、塗油、臥具、住處和燈具。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。如果身壞命終后沒有生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會貧窮。青年,這就是導致貧窮的行為,即:不是施與者,不給沙門或婆羅門食物、飲料、衣服、車乘、花鬘、香料、塗油、臥具、住處和燈具。 青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,是施與者,給沙門或婆羅門食物、飲料、衣服、車乘、花鬘、香料、塗油、臥具、住處和燈具。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。如果身壞命終后沒有生於善趣、天界,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會富有。青年,這就是導致富有的行為,即:是施與者,給沙門或婆羅門食物、飲料、衣服、車乘、花鬘、香料、塗油、臥具、住處和燈具。
-
『『Idha, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā thaddho hoti atimānī – abhivādetabbaṃ na abhivādeti, paccuṭṭhātabbaṃ na paccuṭṭheti, āsanārahassa na āsanaṃ deti, maggārahassa na maggaṃ deti, sakkātabbaṃ na sakkaroti, garukātabbaṃ na garukaroti, mānetabbaṃ na māneti, pūjetabbaṃ na pūjeti. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati nīcakulīno hoti. Nīcakulīnasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – thaddho hoti atimānī; abhivādetabbaṃ na abhivādeti, paccuṭṭhātabbaṃ na paccuṭṭheti, āsanārahassa na āsanaṃ deti, maggārahassa na maggaṃ deti, sakkātabbaṃ na sakkaroti, garukātabbaṃ na garukaroti, mānetabbaṃ na māneti, pūjetabbaṃ na pūjeti.
『『Idha pana, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā atthaddho hoti anatimānī; abhivādetabbaṃ abhivādeti, paccuṭṭhātabbaṃ paccuṭṭheti, āsanārahassa āsanaṃ deti, maggārahassa maggaṃ deti, sakkātabbaṃ sakkaroti, garukātabbaṃ garukaroti, mānetabbaṃ māneti, pūjetabbaṃ pūjeti. So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati uccākulīno hoti. Uccākulīnasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – atthaddho hoti anatimānī; abhivādetabbaṃ abhivādeti, paccuṭṭhātabbaṃ paccuṭṭheti, āsanārahassa āsanaṃ deti, maggārahassa maggaṃ deti, sakkātabbaṃ sakkaroti, garukātabbaṃ garukaroti, mānetabbaṃ māneti, pūjetabbaṃ pūjeti.
- 『『Idha, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā na paripucchitā hoti – 『kiṃ, bhante, kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalaṃ; kiṃ sāvajjaṃ, kiṃ anavajjaṃ; kiṃ sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ na sevitabbaṃ; kiṃ me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya hoti, kiṃ vā pana me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya hotī』ti? So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati duppañño hoti. Duppaññasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā na paripucchitā hoti – 『kiṃ, bhante, kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalaṃ; kiṃ sāvajjaṃ, kiṃ anavajjaṃ; kiṃ sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ na sevitabbaṃ ; kiṃ me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya hoti, kiṃ vā pana me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya hotī』』』ti?
『『Idha pana, māṇava, ekacco itthī vā puriso vā samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā paripucchitā hoti – 『kiṃ, bhante, kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalaṃ; kiṃ sāvajjaṃ, kiṃ anavajjaṃ; kiṃ sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ na sevitabbaṃ; kiṃ me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya hoti, kiṃ vā pana me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya hotī』ti? So tena kammena evaṃ samattena evaṃ samādinnena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. No ce kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, sace manussattaṃ āgacchati yattha yattha paccājāyati mahāpañño hoti. Mahāpaññasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ – samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā paripucchitā hoti – 『kiṃ, bhante, kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalaṃ; kiṃ sāvajjaṃ, kiṃ anavajjaṃ; kiṃ sevitabbaṃ , kiṃ na sevitabbaṃ; kiṃ me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya hoti, kiṃ vā pana me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya hotī』』』ti?
- "青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,傲慢自大,對應該禮敬的人不禮敬,對應該起立迎接的人不起立迎接,對應該讓座的人不讓座,對應該讓路的人不讓路,對應該尊重的人不尊重,對應該恭敬的人不恭敬,對應該尊敬的人不尊敬,對應該供養的人不供養。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。如果身壞命終后沒有生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會出身低賤。青年,這就是導致出身低賤的行為,即:傲慢自大,對應該禮敬的人不禮敬,對應該起立迎接的人不起立迎接,對應該讓座的人不讓座,對應該讓路的人不讓路,對應該尊重的人不尊重,對應該恭敬的人不恭敬,對應該尊敬的人不尊敬,對應該供養的人不供養。 青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,不傲慢不自大,對應該禮敬的人禮敬,對應該起立迎接的人起立迎接,對應該讓座的人讓座,對應該讓路的人讓路,對應該尊重的人尊重,對應該恭敬的人恭敬,對應該尊敬的人尊敬,對應該供養的人供養。他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。如果身壞命終后沒有生於善趣、天界,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會出身高貴。青年,這就是導致出身高貴的行為,即:不傲慢不自大,對應該禮敬的人禮敬,對應該起立迎接的人起立迎接,對應該讓座的人讓座,對應該讓路的人讓路,對應該尊重的人尊重,對應該恭敬的人恭敬,對應該尊敬的人尊敬,對應該供養的人供養。
-
青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,去到沙門或婆羅門那裡不請教:'尊者,什麼是善,什麼是不善;什麼是有罪,什麼是無罪;什麼應該修習,什麼不應該修習;我做什麼會長期導致不利與痛苦,我做什麼會長期導致利益與快樂?'他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。如果身壞命終后沒有生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會愚笨。青年,這就是導致愚笨的行為,即:去到沙門或婆羅門那裡不請教:'尊者,什麼是善,什麼是不善;什麼是有罪,什麼是無罪;什麼應該修習,什麼不應該修習;我做什麼會長期導致不利與痛苦,我做什麼會長期導致利益與快樂?' 青年,這裡有些人,無論男女,去到沙門或婆羅門那裡請教:'尊者,什麼是善,什麼是不善;什麼是有罪,什麼是無罪;什麼應該修習,什麼不應該修習;我做什麼會長期導致不利與痛苦,我做什麼會長期導致利益與快樂?'他以這樣完成、這樣執行的業,身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。如果身壞命終后沒有生於善趣、天界,而來到人間,無論生在何處都會有大智慧。青年,這就是導致有大智慧的行為,即:去到沙門或婆羅門那裡請教:'尊者,什麼是善,什麼是不善;什麼是有罪,什麼是無罪;什麼應該修習,什麼不應該修習;我做什麼會長期導致不利與痛苦,我做什麼會長期導致利益與快樂?'
-
『『Iti kho, māṇava, appāyukasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā appāyukattaṃ upaneti, dīghāyukasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā dīghāyukattaṃ upaneti; bavhābādhasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā bavhābādhattaṃ upaneti, appābādhasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā appābādhattaṃ upaneti; dubbaṇṇasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā dubbaṇṇattaṃ upaneti, pāsādikasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā pāsādikattaṃ upaneti; appesakkhasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā appesakkhattaṃ upaneti, mahesakkhasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā mahesakkhattaṃ upaneti; appabhogasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā appabhogattaṃ upaneti, mahābhogasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā mahābhogattaṃ upaneti; nīcakulīnasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā nīcakulīnattaṃ upaneti, uccākulīnasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā uccākulīnattaṃ upaneti; duppaññasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā duppaññattaṃ upaneti, mahāpaññasaṃvattanikā paṭipadā mahāpaññattaṃ upaneti. Kammassakā, māṇava, sattā kammadāyādā kammayonī kammabandhū kammappaṭisaraṇā. Kammaṃ satte vibhajati yadidaṃ – hīnappaṇītatāyā』』ti.
Evaṃ vutte, subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – 『『abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – 『cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī』ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata』』nti.
Cūḷakammavibhaṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ pañcamaṃ.
-
Mahākammavibhaṅgasuttaṃ
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā samiddhi araññakuṭikāyaṃ viharati. Atha kho potaliputto paribbājako jaṅghāvihāraṃ anucaṅkamamāno anuvicaramāno yenāyasmā samiddhi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā samiddhinā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho potaliputto paribbājako āyasmantaṃ samiddhiṃ etadavoca – 『『sammukhā metaṃ, āvuso samiddhi, samaṇassa gotamassa sutaṃ, sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ – 『moghaṃ kāyakammaṃ moghaṃ vacīkammaṃ, manokammameva sacca』nti. Atthi ca sā [atthi cesā (sī. ka.)] samāpatti yaṃ samāpattiṃ samāpanno na kiñci vediyatī』』ti? 『『Mā hevaṃ, āvuso potaliputta, avaca; (mā hevaṃ, āvuso potaliputta, avaca;) [( ) syā. kaṃ. potthakesu natthi] mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi. Na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ. Na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya – 『moghaṃ kāyakammaṃ moghaṃ vacīkammaṃ, manokammameva sacca』nti. Atthi ca kho [atthi ceva kho (sī. ka.)] sā, āvuso, samāpatti yaṃ samāpattiṃ samāpanno na kiñci vediyatī』』ti. 『『Kīvaciraṃ pabbajitosi, āvuso samiddhī』』ti? 『『Na ciraṃ, āvuso! Tīṇi vassānī』』ti. 『『Ettha dāni mayaṃ there bhikkhū kiṃ vakkhāma, yatra hi nāma evaṃnavo bhikkhu [navakena bhikkhunā (ka.)] satthāraṃ parirakkhitabbaṃ maññissati. Sañcetanikaṃ, āvuso samiddhi, kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā kiṃ so vediyatī』』ti? 『『Sañcetanikaṃ, āvuso potaliputta, kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā dukkhaṃ so vediyatī』』ti. Atha kho potaliputto paribbājako āyasmato samiddhissa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandi nappaṭikkosi; anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
-
"青年,就這樣,導致短命的行為引向短命,導致長壽的行為引向長壽;導致多病的行為引向多病,導致少病的行為引向少病;導致醜陋的行為引向醜陋,導致美麗的行為引向美麗;導致無勢力的行為引向無勢力,導致大勢力的行為引向大勢力;導致貧窮的行為引向貧窮,導致富有的行為引向富有;導致出身低賤的行為引向出身低賤,導致出身高貴的行為引向出身高貴;導致愚笨的行為引向愚笨,導致有大智慧的行為引向有大智慧。青年,眾生是業的所有者,業的繼承者,以業為起源,以業為親屬,以業為皈依。業使眾生分別為卑賤與高貴。" 聽了這些,青年須婆·都提子對世尊說:"太好了,喬達摩先生!太好了,喬達摩先生!喬達摩先生,就像有人扶起倒下的東西,揭開遮蔽的東西,為迷路者指明道路,在黑暗中舉起油燈,讓有眼之人得見諸色。同樣地,喬達摩先生以種種方便闡明了法。我皈依喬達摩先生、法和比丘僧團。愿喬達摩先生接受我為優婆塞,從今日起終生皈依。" 第五 小業分別經終
- 大業分別經
-
如是我聞:一時,世尊住在王舍城(現今印度比哈爾邦巴特那市附近)竹林栗鼠feeding-ground。那時,尊者三彌提住在森林小屋。那時,遊行者波塔利子在散步、漫步時來到尊者三彌提那裡,來到后與尊者三彌提互相問候。寒暄敘舊后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的遊行者波塔利子對尊者三彌提說:"朋友三彌提,我親耳聽到、親自領受沙門喬達摩這樣說:'身業是虛妄的,語業是虛妄的,只有意業是真實的。'還有一種定,入此定者什麼也不感受。""朋友波塔利子,不要這樣說,不要這樣說,不要誹謗世尊。誹謗世尊是不好的。世尊不會這樣說:'身業是虛妄的,語業是虛妄的,只有意業是真實的。'朋友,確實有一種定,入此定者什麼也不感受。""朋友三彌提,你出家多久了?""朋友,不久,三年。""那麼現在我們對長老比丘們該說什麼呢?連這樣的新比丘都認為應該保護導師。朋友三彌提,一個人故意以身、語、意造業,他感受什麼?""朋友波塔利子,一個人故意以身、語、意造業,他感受痛苦。"於是,遊行者波塔利子對尊者三彌提所說既不歡喜也不反對,不歡喜也不反對后,從座位起身離開。
-
Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi acirapakkante potaliputte paribbājake yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā samiddhi yāvatako ahosi potaliputtena paribbājakena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ āyasmato ānandassa ārocesi.
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ samiddhiṃ etadavoca – 『『atthi kho idaṃ, āvuso samiddhi, kathāpābhataṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Āyāmāvuso samiddhi, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamissāma; upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ bhagavato ārocessāma. Yathā no bhagavā byākarissati tathā naṃ dhāressāmā』』ti. 『『Evamāvuso』』ti kho āyasmā samiddhi āyasmato ānandassa paccassosi.
Atha kho āyasmā ca ānando āyasmā ca samiddhi yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando yāvatako ahosi āyasmato samiddhissa potaliputtena paribbājakena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – 『『dassanampi kho ahaṃ, ānanda, potaliputtassa paribbājakassa nābhijānāmi, kuto panevarūpaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ? Iminā ca, ānanda, samiddhinā moghapurisena potaliputtassa paribbājakassa vibhajjabyākaraṇīyo pañho ekaṃsena byākato』』ti. Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā udāyī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – 『『sace pana [kiṃ pana (ka.)], bhante, āyasmatā samiddhinā idaṃ sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – yaṃ kiñci vedayitaṃ taṃ dukkhasmi』』nti.
-
那時,者波塔利子離開不久,尊者三彌提來到尊者阿難那裡,來到后與尊者阿難互相問候。寒暄敘舊后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者三彌提將與者波塔利子的全部談話內容告訴了尊者阿難。 聽了這些,尊者阿難對尊者三彌提說:"朋友三彌提,這裡有值得向世尊報告的談話。來吧,朋友三彌提,我們去見世尊;去後,我們將此事告訴世尊。世尊如何解釋,我們就如何記住。""是的,朋友。"尊者三彌提回答尊者阿難。 於是尊者阿難和尊者三彌提來到世尊那裡,來到后禮拜世尊,然後坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿難將尊者三彌提與者波塔利子的全部談話內容告訴了世尊。聽了這些,世尊對尊者阿難說:"阿難,我甚至不記得見過者波塔利子,更何況這樣的談話?這個愚人三彌提對**者波塔利子應該分別解答的問題卻一概回答。"聽了這些,尊者優陀夷對世尊說:"尊者,如果尊者三彌提是指這個意思而說的:'凡是所感受的,那都是苦'。"
-
Atha kho [evaṃ vutte (syā. kaṃ.)] bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – 『『passasi no tvaṃ, ānanda, imassa udāyissa moghapurisassa ummaṅgaṃ [ummaggaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.), umaṅgaṃ (ka.)]? Aññāsiṃ kho ahaṃ, ānanda – 『idānevāyaṃ udāyī moghapuriso ummujjamāno ayoniso ummujjissatī』ti. Ādiṃyeva [ādisova (sī. pī.), ādiyeva (ka.)], ānanda, potaliputtena paribbājakena tisso vedanā pucchitā. Sacāyaṃ, ānanda, samiddhi moghapuriso potaliputtassa paribbājakassa evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākareyya – 『sañcetanikaṃ, āvuso potaliputta, kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā sukhavedanīyaṃ sukhaṃ so vedayati; sañcetanikaṃ, āvuso potaliputta, kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā dukkhavedanīyaṃ dukkhaṃ so vedayati; sañcetanikaṃ, āvuso potaliputta, kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā adukkhamasukhavedanīyaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ so vedayatī』ti. Evaṃ byākaramāno kho, ānanda, samiddhi moghapuriso potaliputtassa paribbājakassa sammā (byākaramāno) [( ) natthi (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] byākareyya. Api ca, ānanda, ke ca [keci (ka.)] aññatitthiyā paribbājakā bālā abyattā ke ca tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅgaṃ jānissanti? Sace tumhe, ānanda, suṇeyyātha tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅgaṃ vibhajantassā』』ti.
『『Etassa, bhagavā, kālo, etassa, sugata, kālo yaṃ bhagavā mahākammavibhaṅgaṃ vibhajeyya . Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī』』ti. 『『Tena hānanda, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『Cattārome, ānanda, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idhānanda, ekacco puggalo idha pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti, pisuṇavāco hoti, pharusavāco hoti, samphappalāpī hoti, abhijjhālu hoti, byāpannacitto hoti, micchādiṭṭhi hoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati.
『『Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo idha pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti, pisuṇavāco hoti, pharusavāco hoti, samphappalāpī hoti, abhijjhālu hoti, byāpannacitto hoti, micchādiṭṭhi hoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati.
『『Idhānanda, ekacco puggalo idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati.
『『Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati.
-
那時,世尊對尊者阿難說:"阿難,你看到這個愚人優陀夷的錯誤嗎?阿難,我知道'這個愚人優陀夷現在冒出來會不恰當地冒出來'。阿難,一開始者波塔利子問的是三種感受。阿難,如果這個愚人三彌提被者波塔利子這樣問時這樣回答:'朋友波塔利子,一個人故意以身、語、意造作應感受樂的業,他感受樂;朋友波塔利子,一個人故意以身、語、意造作應感受苦的業,他感受苦;朋友波塔利子,一個人故意以身、語、意造作應感受不苦不樂的業,他感受不苦不樂。'阿難,如果這個愚人三彌提這樣回答**者波塔利子,就會正確回答。但是,阿難,那些愚昧無知的其他外道遊行者怎麼會知道如來的大業分別呢?阿難,如果你們聽如來解說大業分別就好了。" "世尊,現在是時候了,善逝,現在是時候了,請世尊解說大業分別。聽了世尊的話,比丘們會記住的。""那麼,阿難,你聽著,好好作意,我將宣說。""是的,尊者。"尊者阿難回答世尊。世尊如是說: "阿難,有四種人存在於世間。哪四種?阿難,這裡有一種人殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪婪、嗔恨、邪見。他身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。 阿難,這裡又有一種人殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪婪、嗔恨、邪見。他身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。 阿難,這裡有一種人遠離殺生、遠離偷盜、遠離邪淫、遠離妄語、遠離兩舌、遠離惡口、遠離綺語、不貪婪、不嗔恨、正見。他身壞命終后,生於善趣、天界。 阿難,這裡又有一種人遠離殺生、遠離偷盜、遠離邪淫、遠離妄語、遠離兩舌、遠離惡口、遠離綺語、不貪婪、不嗔恨、正見。他身壞命終后,生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。
-
『『Idhānanda, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya padhānamanvāya anuyogamanvāya appamādamanvāya sammāmanasikāramanvāya tathārūpaṃ cetosamādhiṃ phusati yathāsamāhite citte dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena amuṃ puggalaṃ passati – idha pāṇātipātiṃ adinnādāyiṃ kāmesumicchācāriṃ musāvādiṃ pisuṇavācaṃ pharusavācaṃ samphappalāpiṃ abhijjhāluṃ byāpannacittaṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passati apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannaṃ. So evamāha – 『atthi kira, bho, pāpakāni kammāni, atthi duccaritassa vipāko. Amāhaṃ [apāhaṃ (sī. pī. ka.) amuṃ + ahaṃ = amāhaṃ-iti padavibhāgo] puggalaṃ addasaṃ idha pāṇātipātiṃ adinnādāyiṃ…pe… micchādiṭṭhiṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passāmi apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapanna』nti. So evamāha – 『yo kira, bho, pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī…pe… micchādiṭṭhi, sabbo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ye evaṃ jānanti, te sammā jānanti; ye aññathā jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇa』nti [micchā te sañjānanti (ka.)]. Iti so yadeva tassa sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ tadeva tattha thāmasā parāmāsā [parāmassa (sī. pī.)] abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña』』』nti.
『『Idha panānanda, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya padhānamanvāya anuyogamanvāya appamādamanvāya sammāmanasikāramanvāya tathārūpaṃ cetosamādhiṃ phusati yathāsamāhite citte dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena amuṃ puggalaṃ passati – idha pāṇātipātiṃ adinnādāyiṃ…pe… micchādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passati sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannaṃ. So evamāha – 『natthi kira, bho, pāpakāni kammāni, natthi duccaritassa vipāko. Amāhaṃ puggalaṃ addasaṃ – idha pāṇātipātiṃ adinnādāyiṃ…pe… micchādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passāmi sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanna』nti. So evamāha – 『yo kira, bho, pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī…pe… micchādiṭṭhi, sabbo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Ye evaṃ jānanti te sammā jānanti; ye aññathā jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇa』nti. Iti so yadeva tassa sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ tadeva tattha thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña』』』nti.
『『Idhānanda, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya padhānamanvāya anuyogamanvāya appamādamanvāya sammāmanasikāramanvāya tathārūpaṃ cetosamādhiṃ phusati yathāsamāhite citte dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena amuṃ puggalaṃ passati – idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirataṃ adinnādānā paṭivirataṃ kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirataṃ musāvādā paṭivirataṃ pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirataṃ pharusāya vācāya paṭivirataṃ samphappalāpā paṭivirataṃ anabhijjhāluṃ abyāpannacittaṃ sammādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passati sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannaṃ. So evamāha – 『atthi kira, bho, kalyāṇāni kammāni, atthi sucaritassa vipāko. Amāhaṃ puggalaṃ addasaṃ – idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirataṃ adinnādānā paṭivirataṃ…pe… sammādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passāmi sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanna』nti. So evamāha – 『yo kira, bho, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi sabbo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Ye evaṃ jānanti te sammā jānanti; ye aññathā jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇa』nti. Iti so yadeva tassa sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ tadeva tattha thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña』』』nti.
- "阿難,這裡有某個沙門或婆羅門,通過精進、努力、專注、不放逸、正確作意,達到這樣的心定:當心專注時,以清凈超人的天眼見到那個人——在此殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪婪、嗔恨、邪見,身壞命終后,見他生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。他這樣說:'確實有惡業,確實有惡行的果報。我見到那個人在此殺生、偷盜......邪見,身壞命終后,見他生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。'他又這樣說:'凡是殺生、偷盜......邪見的人,他們全都身壞命終後生于惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。那些如此知道的人,他們知道得對;那些知道其他的人,他們的知見是錯誤的。'他就這樣堅持、執著、固執於他自己所知、所見、所悟,宣稱:'只有這才是真實的,其他都是虛妄的。' 阿難,這裡又有某個沙門或婆羅門,通過精進、努力、專注、不放逸、正確作意,達到這樣的心定:當心專注時,以清凈超人的天眼見到那個人——在此殺生、偷盜......邪見,身壞命終后,見他生於善趣、天界。他這樣說:'確實沒有惡業,確實沒有惡行的果報。我見到那個人在此殺生、偷盜......邪見,身壞命終后,見他生於善趣、天界。'他又這樣說:'凡是殺生、偷盜......邪見的人,他們全都身壞命終後生于善趣、天界。那些如此知道的人,他們知道得對;那些知道其他的人,他們的知見是錯誤的。'他就這樣堅持、執著、固執於他自己所知、所見、所悟,宣稱:'只有這才是真實的,其他都是虛妄的。' 阿難,這裡有某個沙門或婆羅門,通過精進、努力、專注、不放逸、正確作意,達到這樣的心定:當心專注時,以清凈超人的天眼見到那個人——在此遠離殺生、遠離偷盜、遠離邪淫、遠離妄語、遠離兩舌、遠離惡口、遠離綺語、不貪婪、不嗔恨、正見,身壞命終后,見他生於善趣、天界。他這樣說:'確實有善業,確實有善行的果報。我見到那個人在此遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見,身壞命終后,見他生於善趣、天界。'他又這樣說:'凡是遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見的人,他們全都身壞命終後生于善趣、天界。那些如此知道的人,他們知道得對;那些知道其他的人,他們的知見是錯誤的。'他就這樣堅持、執著、固執於他自己所知、所見、所悟,宣稱:'只有這才是真實的,其他都是虛妄的。'
『『Idha panānanda, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya padhānamanvāya anuyogamanvāya appamādamanvāya sammāmanasikāramanvāya tathārūpaṃ cetosamādhiṃ phusati yathāsamāhite citte dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena amuṃ puggalaṃ passati – idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirataṃ…pe… sammādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passati apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannaṃ. So evamāha – 『natthi kira, bho kalyāṇāni kammāni, natthi sucaritassa vipāko. Amāhaṃ puggalaṃ addasaṃ – idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirataṃ adinnādānā paṭivirataṃ…pe… sammādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passāmi apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapanna』nti. So evamāha – 『yo kira, bho, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi, sabbo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ye evaṃ jānanti te sammā jānanti; ye aññathā jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇa』nti. Iti so yadeva tassa sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ tadeva tattha thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña』』』nti.
"阿難,這裡又有某個沙門或婆羅門,通過精進、努力、專注、不放逸、正確作意,達到這樣的心定:當心專注時,以清凈超人的天眼見到那個人——在此遠離殺生......正見,身壞命終后,見他生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。他這樣說:'確實沒有善業,確實沒有善行的果報。我見到那個人在此遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見,身壞命終后,見他生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。'他又這樣說:'凡是遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見的人,他們全都身壞命終後生于惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。那些如此知道的人,他們知道得對;那些知道其他的人,他們的知見是錯誤的。'他就這樣堅持、執著、固執於他自己所知、所見、所悟,宣稱:'只有這才是真實的,其他都是虛妄的。'"
- 『『Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evamāha – 『atthi kira, bho, pāpakāni kammāni, atthi duccaritassa vipāko』ti idamassa anujānāmi; yampi so evamāha – 『amāhaṃ puggalaṃ addasaṃ – idha pāṇātipātiṃ adinnādāyiṃ…pe… micchādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passāmi apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapanna』nti idampissa anujānāmi; yañca kho so evamāha – 『yo kira, bho, pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī…pe… micchādiṭṭhi, sabbo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjatī』ti idamassa nānujānāmi; yampi so evamāha – 『ye evaṃ jānanti te sammā jānanti; ye aññathā jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇa』nti idampissa nānujānāmi; yampi so yadeva tassa sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ tadeva tattha thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña』nti idampissa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aññathā hi, ānanda, tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅge ñāṇaṃ hoti.
『『Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evamāha – 『natthi kira, bho, pāpakāni kammāni, natthi duccaritassa vipāko』ti idamassa nānujānāmi; yañca kho so evamāha – 『amāhaṃ puggalaṃ addasaṃ – idha pāṇātipātiṃ adinnādāyiṃ…pe… micchādiṭṭhiṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passāmi sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanna』nti idamassa anujānāmi; yañca kho so evamāha – 『yo kira, bho, pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī…pe… micchādiṭṭhi, sabbo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjatī』ti idamassa nānujānāmi; yampi so evamāha – 『ye evaṃ jānanti te sammā jānanti; ye aññathā jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇa』nti idampissa nānujānāmi; yampi so yadeva tassa sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ tadeva tattha thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña』nti idampissa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aññathā hi, ānanda, tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅge ñāṇaṃ hoti.
『『Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evamāha – 『atthi kira, bho, kalyāṇāni kammāni, atthi sucaritassa vipāko』ti idamassa anujānāmi; yampi so evamāha – 『amāhaṃ puggalaṃ addasaṃ – idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirataṃ adinnādānā paṭivirataṃ…pe… sammādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passāmi sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanna』nti idampissa anujānāmi; yañca kho so evamāha – 『yo kira, bho, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi, sabbo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjatī』ti idamassa nānujānāmi; yampi so evamāha – 『ye evaṃ jānanti te sammā jānanti; ye aññathā jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇa』nti idampissa nānujānāmi; yampi so yadeva tassa sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ tadeva tattha thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña』nti idampissa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aññathā hi, ānanda, tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅge ñāṇaṃ hoti.
『『Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evamāha – 『natthi kira, bho, kalyāṇāni kammāni, natthi sucaritassa vipāko』ti idamassa nānujānāmi; yañca kho so evamāha – 『amāhaṃ puggalaṃ addasaṃ – idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirataṃ adinnādānā paṭivirataṃ…pe… sammādiṭṭhiṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā passāmi apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapanna』nti idamassa anujānāmi; yañca kho so evamāha – 『yo kira, bho, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi, sabbo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjatī』ti idamassa nānujānāmi; yañca kho so evamāha – 『ye evaṃ jānanti te sammā jānanti; ye aññathā jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇa』nti idampissa nānujānāmi; yampi so yadeva tassa sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ tadeva tattha thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ, moghamañña』nti idampissa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aññathā hi, ānanda, tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅge ñāṇaṃ hoti.
-
"阿難,對於那個說'確實有惡業,確實有惡行的果報'的沙門或婆羅門,我同意他這一點;對於他說'我見到那個人在此殺生、偷盜......邪見,身壞命終后,見他生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄',我也同意他這一點;但是對於他說'凡是殺生、偷盜......邪見的人,他們全都身壞命終後生于惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄',我不同意他這一點;對於他說'那些如此知道的人,他們知道得對;那些知道其他的人,他們的知見是錯誤的',我也不同意他這一點;對於他堅持、執著、固執於他自己所知、所見、所悟,宣稱'只有這才是真實的,其他都是虛妄的',我也不同意他這一點。為什麼呢?阿難,因為如來對大業分別的知見是不同的。 阿難,對於那個說'確實沒有惡業,確實沒有惡行的果報'的沙門或婆羅門,我不同意他這一點;但是對於他說'我見到那個人在此殺生、偷盜......邪見,身壞命終后,見他生於善趣、天界',我同意他這一點;對於他說'凡是殺生、偷盜......邪見的人,他們全都身壞命終後生于善趣、天界',我不同意他這一點;對於他說'那些如此知道的人,他們知道得對;那些知道其他的人,他們的知見是錯誤的',我也不同意他這一點;對於他堅持、執著、固執於他自己所知、所見、所悟,宣稱'只有這才是真實的,其他都是虛妄的',我也不同意他這一點。為什麼呢?阿難,因為如來對大業分別的知見是不同的。 阿難,對於那個說'確實有善業,確實有善行的果報'的沙門或婆羅門,我同意他這一點;對於他說'我見到那個人在此遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見,身壞命終后,見他生於善趣、天界',我也同意他這一點;但是對於他說'凡是遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見的人,他們全都身壞命終後生于善趣、天界',我不同意他這一點;對於他說'那些如此知道的人,他們知道得對;那些知道其他的人,他們的知見是錯誤的',我也不同意他這一點;對於他堅持、執著、固執於他自己所知、所見、所悟,宣稱'只有這才是真實的,其他都是虛妄的',我也不同意他這一點。為什麼呢?阿難,因為如來對大業分別的知見是不同的。 阿難,對於那個說'確實沒有善業,確實沒有善行的果報'的沙門或婆羅門,我不同意他這一點;但是對於他說'我見到那個人在此遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見,身壞命終后,見他生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄',我同意他這一點;對於他說'凡是遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見的人,他們全都身壞命終後生于惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄',我不同意他這一點;對於他說'那些如此知道的人,他們知道得對;那些知道其他的人,他們的知見是錯誤的',我也不同意他這一點;對於他堅持、執著、固執於他自己所知、所見、所悟,宣稱'只有這才是真實的,其他都是虛妄的',我也不同意他這一點。為什麼呢?阿難,因為如來對大業分別的知見是不同的。
-
『『Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī…pe… micchādiṭṭhi, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi samattā samādinnā. Tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Yañca kho so idha pāṇātipātī hoti adinnādāyī hoti…pe… micchādiṭṭhi hoti tassa diṭṭheva dhamme vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti upapajja vā [upapajjaṃ vā (sī. pī.), upapajja vā (syā. kaṃ. ka.) upapajjitvāti saṃvaṇṇanāya saṃsandetabbā] apare vā pariyāye.
『『Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī…pe… micchādiṭṭhi kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti kalyāṇakammaṃ sukhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti kalyāṇakammaṃ sukhavedanīyaṃ, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi samattā samādinnā. Tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Yañca kho so idha pāṇātipātī hoti adinnādāyī hoti…pe… micchādiṭṭhi hoti tassa diṭṭheva dhamme vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti upapajja vā apare vā pariyāye.
『『Tatrānanda , yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti kalyāṇakammaṃ sukhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti kalyāṇakammaṃ sukhavedanīyaṃ, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi samattā samādinnā. Tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Yañca kho so idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, tassa diṭṭheva dhamme vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti upapajja vā apare vā pariyāye.
『『Tatrānanda , yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhi, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, pacchā vāssa taṃ kataṃ hoti pāpakammaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ, maraṇakāle vāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi samattā samādinnā. Tena so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Yañca kho so idha pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, tassa diṭṭheva dhamme vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti upapajja vā apare vā pariyāye.
『『Iti kho, ānanda, atthi kammaṃ abhabbaṃ abhabbābhāsaṃ, atthi kammaṃ abhabbaṃ bhabbābhāsaṃ, atthi kammaṃ bhabbañceva bhabbābhāsañca, atthi kammaṃ bhabbaṃ abhabbābhāsa』』nti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā ānando bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
Mahākammavibhaṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ.
-
Saḷāyatanavibhaṅgasuttaṃ
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – 『『bhikkhavo』』ti. 『『Bhadante』』ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – 『『saḷāyatanavibhaṅgaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『『Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni veditabbāni, cha bāhirāni āyatanāni veditabbāni, cha viññāṇakāyā veditabbā, cha phassakāyā veditabbā, aṭṭhārasa manopavicārā veditabbā, chattiṃsa sattapadā veditabbā, tatra idaṃ nissāya idaṃ pajahatha, tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo sevati yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahati, so vuccati yoggācariyānaṃ [yogācariyānaṃ (ka.)] anuttaro purisadammasārathī』ti – ayamuddeso saḷāyatanavibhaṅgassa.
- "阿難,在這裡,一個人殺生、偷盜......邪見,身壞命終後生于惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,這可能是因為他以前造作了應感受苦的惡業,或者後來造作了應感受苦的惡業,或者在臨死時具有完全接受的邪見。因此他身壞命終後生于惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。而他在此殺生、偷盜......邪見,其果報他或者在現世感受,或者在來世感受,或者在以後的輪迴中感受。 阿難,在這裡,一個人殺生、偷盜......邪見,身壞命終後生于善趣、天界,這可能是因為他以前造作了應感受樂的善業,或者後來造作了應感受樂的善業,或者在臨死時具有完全接受的正見。因此他身壞命終後生于善趣、天界。而他在此殺生、偷盜......邪見,其果報他或者在現世感受,或者在來世感受,或者在以後的輪迴中感受。 阿難,在這裡,一個人遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見,身壞命終後生于善趣、天界,這可能是因為他以前造作了應感受樂的善業,或者後來造作了應感受樂的善業,或者在臨死時具有完全接受的正見。因此他身壞命終後生于善趣、天界。而他在此遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見,其果報他或者在現世感受,或者在來世感受,或者在以後的輪迴中感受。 阿難,在這裡,一個人遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見,身壞命終後生于惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄,這可能是因為他以前造作了應感受苦的惡業,或者後來造作了應感受苦的惡業,或者在臨死時具有完全接受的邪見。因此他身壞命終後生于惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。而他在此遠離殺生、遠離偷盜......正見,其果報他或者在現世感受,或者在來世感受,或者在以後的輪迴中感受。 阿難,因此有業是不能成熟的,看起來也不能成熟;有業是不能成熟的,但看起來能成熟;有業是能成熟的,看起來也能成熟;有業是能成熟的,但看起來不能成熟。" 世尊說了這些。歡喜的尊者阿難歡喜讚歎世尊所說。 第六 大業分別經終
- 六處分別經
-
如是我聞:一時,世尊住在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂鎮附近)祇樹給孤獨園。在那裡,世尊對比丘們說:"比丘們。""尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是說: "比丘們,我將為你們講說六處分別。你們要聽,要好好作意,我將說。""是的,尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是說: "'應知六內處,應知六外處,應知六識身,應知六觸身,應知十八意行,應知三十六眾生步驟,依此舍彼,三念住,聖者所習,聖者習之為師,堪能教導眾人,他被稱為無上調御丈夫、調教師'——這是六處分別的概要。
-
『『『Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni veditabbānī』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? 『Cakkhāyatanaṃ sotāyatanaṃ ghānāyatanaṃ jivhāyatanaṃ kāyāyatanaṃ manāyatanaṃ – cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni veditabbānī』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
『『『Cha bāhirāni āyatanāni veditabbānī』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ . Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? 『Rūpāyatanaṃ saddāyatanaṃ gandhāyatanaṃ rasāyatanaṃ phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ dhammāyatanaṃ – cha bāhirāni āyatanāni veditabbānī』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
『『『Cha viññāṇakāyā veditabbā』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? 『Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ sotaviññāṇaṃ ghānaviññāṇaṃ jivhāviññāṇaṃ kāyaviññāṇaṃ manoviññāṇaṃ – cha viññāṇakāyā veditabbā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
『『『Cha phassakāyā veditabbā』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? 『Cakkhusamphasso sotasamphasso ghānasamphasso jivhāsamphasso kāyasamphasso manosamphasso – cha phassakāyā veditabbā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
『『『Aṭṭhārasa manopavicārā veditabbā』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? 『Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā somanassaṭṭhānīyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati, domanassaṭṭhānīyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati, upekkhāṭṭhānīyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya somanassaṭṭhānīyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati, domanassaṭṭhānīyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati, upekkhāṭṭhānīyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati. Iti cha somanassūpavicārā, cha domanassūpavicārā, cha upekkhūpavicārā, aṭṭhārasa manopavicārā veditabbā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
- 『『『Chattiṃsa sattapadā veditabbā』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Cha gehasitāni [gehassitāni (?)] somanassāni, cha nekkhammasitāni [nekkhammassitāni (ṭīkā)] somanassāni, cha gehasitāni domanassāni, cha nekkhammasitāni domanassāni, cha gehasitā upekkhā, cha nekkhammasitā upekkhā. Tattha katamāni cha gehasitāni somanassāni? Cakkhuviññeyyānaṃ rūpānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ manoramānaṃ lokāmisapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ paṭilābhaṃ vā paṭilābhato samanupassato pubbe vā paṭiladdhapubbaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ samanussarato uppajjati somanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati gehasitaṃ somanassaṃ. Sotaviññeyyānaṃ saddānaṃ… ghānaviññeyyānaṃ gandhānaṃ… jivhāviññeyyānaṃ rasānaṃ… kāyaviññeyyānaṃ phoṭṭhabbānaṃ… manoviññeyyānaṃ dhammānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ…pe… somanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati gehasitaṃ somanassaṃ. Imāni cha gehasitāni somanassāni.
『『Tattha katamāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassāni? Rūpānaṃtveva aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ [vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ (ka.)], 『pubbe ceva rūpā etarahi ca sabbe te rūpā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā』ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato uppajjati somanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasitaṃ somanassaṃ. Saddānaṃtveva… gandhānaṃtveva… rasānaṃtveva… phoṭṭhabbānaṃtveva… dhammānaṃtve aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ, 『pubbe ceva dhammā etarahi ca sabbe te dhammā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā』ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato uppajjati somanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasitaṃ somanassaṃ. Imāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassāni.
- "'應知六內處'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?'眼處、耳處、鼻處、舌處、身處、意處——應知六內處'——這就是為什麼這樣說。 '應知六外處'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?'色處、聲處、香處、味處、觸處、法處——應知六外處'——這就是為什麼這樣說。 '應知六識身'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?'眼識、耳識、鼻識、舌識、身識、意識——應知六識身'——這就是為什麼這樣說。 '應知六觸身'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?'眼觸、耳觸、鼻觸、舌觸、身觸、意觸——應知六觸身'——這就是為什麼這樣說。 '應知十八意行'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?'以眼見色后,思維能引生喜的色、能引生憂的色、能引生舍的色。以耳聞聲后......以鼻嗅香后......以舌嘗味后......以身觸所觸后......以意識法后,思維能引生喜的法、能引生憂的法、能引生舍的法。如是六喜行、六憂行、六舍行,應知十八意行'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
"'應知三十六眾生步驟'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?六種依家的喜、六種依出離的喜、六種依家的憂、六種依出離的憂、六種依家的舍、六種依出離的舍。其中,什麼是六種依家的喜?對於眼所識的色,那些可愛的、可意的、可悅的、可喜的、與世俗慾望相應的,得到它們或者想到得到它們,或者回憶起過去已得到、已消失、已改變的,生起喜。這樣的喜被稱為依家的喜。對於耳所識的聲......鼻所識的香......舌所識的味......身所識的觸......意所識的法,那些可愛的、可意的、可悅的......生起喜。這樣的喜被稱為依家的喜。這些是六種依家的喜。 其中,什麼是六種依出離的喜?知道色的無常、變易、離貪、滅盡,'過去和現在的一切色都是無常的、苦的、變易法',如是以正慧如實見到這一點而生起喜。這樣的喜被稱為依出離的喜。對於聲......香......味......觸......法,知道它們的無常、變易、離貪、滅盡,'過去和現在的一切法都是無常的、苦的、變易法',如是以正慧如實見到這一點而生起喜。這樣的喜被稱為依出離的喜。這些是六種依出離的喜。
-
『『Tattha katamāni cha gehasitāni domanassāni? Cakkhuviññeyyānaṃ rūpānaṃ…pe… sotaviññeyyānaṃ saddānaṃ… ghānaviññeyyānaṃ gandhānaṃ… jivhāviññeyyānaṃ rasānaṃ… kāyaviññeyyānaṃ phoṭṭhabbānaṃ… manoviññeyyānaṃ dhammānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ manoramānaṃ lokāmisapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ appaṭilābhaṃ vā appaṭilābhato samanupassato pubbe vā appaṭiladdhapubbaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ samanussarato uppajjati domanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati gehasitaṃ domanassaṃ. Imāni cha gehasitāni domanassāni.
『『Tattha katamāni cha nekkhammasitāni domanassāni? Rūpānaṃtveva aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ, 『pubbe ceva rūpā etarahi ca sabbe te rūpā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā』ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anuttaresu vimokkhesu pihaṃ upaṭṭhāpeti – 『kudāssu [kadāssu (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] nāmāhaṃ tadāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharissāmi yadariyā etarahi āyatanaṃ upasampajja viharantī』ti iti anuttaresu vimokkhesu pihaṃ upaṭṭhāpayato uppajjati pihapaccayā domanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasitaṃ domanassaṃ. Saddānaṃtveva…pe… gandhānaṃtveva… rasānaṃtveva… phoṭṭhabbānaṃtveva… dhammānaṃtveva aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ, 『pubbe ceva dhammā etarahi ca sabbe te dhammā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā』ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anuttaresu vimokkhesu pihaṃ upaṭṭhāpeti – 『kudāssu nāmāhaṃ tadāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharissāmi yadariyā etarahi āyatanaṃ upasampajja viharantī』ti iti anuttaresu vimokkhesu pihaṃ upaṭṭhāpayato uppajjati pihapaccayā domanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasitaṃ domanassaṃ. Imāni cha nekkhammasitāni domanassāni.
- 『『Tattha katamā cha gehasitā upekkhā? Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā uppajjati upekkhā bālassa mūḷhassa ( ) [(mandassa) (ka.)] puthujjanassa anodhijinassa avipākajinassa anādīnavadassāvino assutavato puthujjanassa. Yā evarūpā upekkhā, rūpaṃ sā nātivattati. Tasmā sā [sāyaṃ (ka.)] upekkhā 『gehasitā』ti vuccati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya uppajjati upekkhā bālassa mūḷhassa puthujjanassa anodhijinassa avipākajinassa anādīnavadassāvino assutavato puthujjanassa. Yā evarūpā upekkhā, dhammaṃ sā nātivattati. Tasmā sā upekkhā 『gehasitā』ti vuccati. Imā cha gehasitā upekkhā.
『『Tattha katamā cha nekkhammasitā upekkhā? Rūpānaṃtveva aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ, 『pubbe ceva rūpā etarahi ca sabbe te rūpā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā』ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato uppajjati upekkhā. Yā evarūpā upekkhā, rūpaṃ sā ativattati. Tasmā sā upekkhā 『nekkhammasitā』ti vuccati. Saddānaṃtveva… gandhānaṃtveva… rasānaṃtveva… phoṭṭhabbānaṃtveva… dhammānaṃtveva aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmavirāganirodhaṃ, 『pubbe ceva dhammā etarahi ca sabbe te dhammā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā』ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato uppajjati upekkhā. Yā evarūpā upekkhā, dhammaṃ sā ativattati. Tasmā sā upekkhā 『nekkhammasitā』ti vuccati. Imā cha nekkhammasitā upekkhā. 『Chattiṃsa sattapadā veditabbā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
- "其中,什麼是六種依家的憂?對於眼所識的色......耳所識的聲......鼻所識的香......舌所識的味......身所識的觸......意所識的法,那些可愛的、可意的、可悅的、可喜的、與世俗慾望相應的,不得到它們或者想到不得到它們,或者回憶起過去未得到、已消失、已改變的,生起憂。這樣的憂被稱為依家的憂。這些是六種依家的憂。 其中,什麼是六種依出離的憂?知道色的無常、變易、離貪、滅盡,'過去和現在的一切色都是無常的、苦的、變易法',如是以正慧如實見到這一點后,對最上解脫生起希求——'我何時才能證得並安住于聖者們現在所證得並安住的境界呢?'如是對最上解脫生起希求而引起的憂。這樣的憂被稱為依出離的憂。對於聲......香......味......觸......法,知道它們的無常、變易、離貪、滅盡,'過去和現在的一切法都是無常的、苦的、變易法',如是以正慧如實見到這一點后,對最上解脫生起希求——'我何時才能證得並安住于聖者們現在所證得並安住的境界呢?'如是對最上解脫生起希求而引起的憂。這樣的憂被稱為依出離的憂。這些是六種依出離的憂。
-
"其中,什麼是六種依家的舍?以眼見色后,愚癡、迷惑、未調伏、未證悟、未見過患的無聞凡夫生起舍。這樣的舍不能超越色。因此,這種舍被稱為'依家的'。以耳聞聲后......以鼻嗅香后......以舌嘗味后......以身觸所觸后......以意識法后,愚癡、迷惑、未調伏、未證悟、未見過患的無聞凡夫生起舍。這樣的舍不能超越法。因此,這種舍被稱為'依家的'。這些是六種依家的舍。 其中,什麼是六種依出離的舍?知道色的無常、變易、離貪、滅盡,'過去和現在的一切色都是無常的、苦的、變易法',如是以正慧如實見到這一點而生起舍。這樣的舍能超越色。因此,這種舍被稱為'依出離的'。對於聲......香......味......觸......法,知道它們的無常、變易、離貪、滅盡,'過去和現在的一切法都是無常的、苦的、變易法',如是以正慧如實見到這一點而生起舍。這樣的舍能超越法。因此,這種舍被稱為'依出離的'。這些是六種依出離的舍。'應知三十六眾生步驟'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
『『Tatra idaṃ nissāya idaṃ pajahathā』』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ; kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tatra, bhikkhave, yāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassāni tāni nissāya tāni āgamma yāni cha gehasitāni somanassāni tāni pajahatha, tāni samatikkamatha. Evametesaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, evametesaṃ samatikkamo hoti.
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yāni cha nekkhammasitāni domanassāni tāni nissāya tāni āgamma yāni cha gehasitāni domanassāni tāni pajahatha, tāni samatikkamatha. Evametesaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, evametesaṃ samatikkamo hoti.
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yā cha nekkhammasitā upekkhā tā nissāya tā āgamma yā cha gehasitā upekkhā tā pajahatha, tā samatikkamatha. Evametāsaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, evametāsaṃ samatikkamo hoti.
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassāni tāni nissāya tāni āgamma yāni cha nekkhammasitāni domanassāni tāni pajahatha, tāni samatikkamatha. Evametesaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, evametesaṃ samatikkamo hoti.
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yā cha nekkhammasitā upekkhā tā nissāya tā āgamma yāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassāni tāni pajahatha, tāni samatikkamatha. Evametesaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, evametesaṃ samatikkamo hoti.
- 『『Atthi , bhikkhave, upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā, atthi upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā? Atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhā rūpesu, atthi saddesu , atthi gandhesu, atthi rasesu, atthi phoṭṭhabbesu – ayaṃ, bhikkhave, upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā? Atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhā ākāsānañcāyatananissitā, atthi viññāṇañcāyatananissitā, atthi ākiñcaññāyatananissitā, atthi nevasaññānāsaññāyatananissitā – ayaṃ, bhikkhave, upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā.
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yāyaṃ upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā taṃ nissāya taṃ āgamma yāyaṃ upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā taṃ pajahatha, taṃ samatikkamatha. Evametissā pahānaṃ hoti, evametissā samatikkamo hoti.
『『Atammayataṃ, bhikkhave, nissāya atammayataṃ āgamma yāyaṃ upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā taṃ pajahatha, taṃ samatikkamatha. Evametissā pahānaṃ hoti, evametissā samatikkamo hoti. 『Tatra idaṃ nissāya idaṃ pajahathā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
- "'依此舍彼'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?在此,比丘們,依靠那六種依出離的喜,以此為基礎,你們應捨棄那六種依家的喜,你們應超越它們。這就是它們的捨棄,這就是它們的超越。 在此,比丘們,依靠那六種依出離的憂,以此為基礎,你們應捨棄那六種依家的憂,你們應超越它們。這就是它們的捨棄,這就是它們的超越。 在此,比丘們,依靠那六種依出離的舍,以此為基礎,你們應捨棄那六種依家的舍,你們應超越它們。這就是它們的捨棄,這就是它們的超越。 在此,比丘們,依靠那六種依出離的喜,以此為基礎,你們應捨棄那六種依出離的憂,你們應超越它們。這就是它們的捨棄,這就是它們的超越。 在此,比丘們,依靠那六種依出離的舍,以此為基礎,你們應捨棄那六種依出離的喜,你們應超越它們。這就是它們的捨棄,這就是它們的超越。
-
"比丘們,有多種依多種的舍,有一種依一種的舍。什麼是多種依多種的舍?比丘們,有對色的舍,有對聲的舍,有對香的舍,有對味的舍,有對觸的舍——這,比丘們,是多種依多種的舍。什麼是一種依一種的舍?比丘們,有依空無邊處的舍,有依識無邊處的舍,有依無所有處的舍,有依非想非非想處的舍——這,比丘們,是一種依一種的舍。 在此,比丘們,依靠那一種依一種的舍,以此為基礎,你們應捨棄那多種依多種的舍,你們應超越它。這就是它的捨棄,這就是它的超越。 比丘們,依靠無執著,以此為基礎,你們應捨棄那一種依一種的舍,你們應超越它。這就是它的捨棄,這就是它的超越。'依此舍彼'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
『『『Tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahatī』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ; kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, satthā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti anukampako hitesī anukampaṃ upādāya – 『idaṃ vo hitāya, idaṃ vo sukhāyā』ti. Tassa sāvakā na sussūsanti, na sotaṃ odahanti, na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti , vokkamma ca satthusāsanā vattanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato na ceva anattamano hoti, na ca anattamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, anavassuto ca viharati sato sampajāno. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahati.
『『Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, satthā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti anukampako hitesī anukampaṃ upādāya – 『idaṃ vo hitāya, idaṃ vo sukhāyā』ti. Tassa ekacce sāvakā na sussūsanti, na sotaṃ odahanti, na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, vokkamma ca satthusāsanā vattanti; ekacce sāvakā sussūsanti, sotaṃ odahanti, aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, na ca vokkamma satthusāsanā vattanti . Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato na ceva anattamano hoti, na ca anattamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti; na ca attamano hoti, na ca attamanataṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Anattamanatā ca attamanatā ca – tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dutiyaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahati.
『『Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, satthā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti anukampako hitesī anukampaṃ upādāya – 『idaṃ vo hitāya, idaṃ vo sukhāyā』ti. Tassa sāvakā sussūsanti, sotaṃ odahanti, aññācittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, na ca vokkamma satthusāsanā vattanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgato attamano ceva hoti, attamanatañca paṭisaṃvedeti, anavassuto ca viharati sato sampajāno. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, tatiyaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahati. 『Tayo satipaṭṭhānā yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevamāno satthā gaṇamanusāsitumarahatī』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
- 『『『So vuccati yoggācariyānaṃ anuttaro purisadammasārathī』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Hatthidamakena, bhikkhave, hatthidammo sārito ekaṃyeva disaṃ dhāvati – puratthimaṃ vā pacchimaṃ vā uttaraṃ vā dakkhiṇaṃ vā. Assadamakena, bhikkhave, assadammo sārito ekaññeva disaṃ dhāvati – puratthimaṃ vā pacchimaṃ vā uttaraṃ vā dakkhiṇaṃ vā. Godamakena, bhikkhave, godammo sārito ekaṃyeva disaṃ dhāvati – puratthimaṃ vā pacchimaṃ vā uttaraṃ vā dakkhiṇaṃ vā. Tathāgatena hi, bhikkhave, arahatā sammāsambuddhena purisadammo sārito aṭṭha disā vidhāvati. Rūpī rūpāni passati – ayaṃ ekā disā; ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī bahiddhā rūpāni passati – ayaṃ dutiyā disā; subhantveva adhimutto hoti – ayaṃ tatiyā disā; sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā 『ananto ākāso』ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ catutthī disā; sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma 『anantaṃ viññāṇa』nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ pañcamī disā; sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma 『natthi kiñcī』ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ chaṭṭhī disā; sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ sattamī disā; sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ aṭṭhamī disā. Tathāgatena, bhikkhave, arahatā sammāsambuddhena purisadammo sārito imā aṭṭha disā vidhāvati. 『So vuccati yoggācariyānaṃ anuttaro purisadammasārathī』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vutta』』nti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Saḷāyatanavibhaṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ.
-
Uddesavibhaṅgasuttaṃ
-
"'三念住,聖者所習,聖者習之為師,堪能教導眾人'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?在此,比丘們,導師出於慈悲、爲了利益、出於憐憫而為弟子們說法:'這是爲了你們的利益,這是爲了你們的快樂。'他的弟子們不聽從,不傾耳而聽,不專心領會,而且背離導師的教導。在這種情況下,比丘們,如來既不不悅,也不感受不悅,而是無染著地、正念正知地安住。這,比丘們,是第一念住,聖者所習,聖者習之為師,堪能教導眾人。 再者,比丘們,導師出於慈悲、爲了利益、出於憐憫而為弟子們說法:'這是爲了你們的利益,這是爲了你們的快樂。'他的一些弟子不聽從,不傾耳而聽,不專心領會,而且背離導師的教導;一些弟子聽從,傾耳而聽,專心領會,不背離導師的教導。在這種情況下,比丘們,如來既不不悅,也不感受不悅;既不歡喜,也不感受歡喜。避開這兩者——不悅和歡喜,他以舍心、正念正知地安住。這,比丘們,被稱為第二念住,聖者所習,聖者習之為師,堪能教導眾人。 再者,比丘們,導師出於慈悲、爲了利益、出於憐憫而為弟子們說法:'這是爲了你們的利益,這是爲了你們的快樂。'他的弟子們聽從,傾耳而聽,專心領會,不背離導師的教導。在這種情況下,比丘們,如來歡喜,感受歡喜,而且無染著地、正念正知地安住。這,比丘們,被稱為第三念住,聖者所習,聖者習之為師,堪能教導眾人。'三念住,聖者所習,聖者習之為師,堪能教導眾人'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
- "'他被稱為無上調御丈夫、調教師'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?比丘們,像調教師駕馭被調教的象只朝一個方向奔跑——或東或西或北或南。比丘們,馬調教師駕馭被調教的馬只朝一個方向奔跑——或東或西或北或南。比丘們,牛調教師駕馭被調教的牛隻朝一個方向奔跑——或東或西或北或南。比丘們,如來、阿羅漢、正等正覺者駕馭被調教的人朝八個方向奔跑。有色見諸色——這是第一個方向;內無色想外見諸色——這是第二個方向;專注于'美'——這是第三個方向;完全超越色想,滅除有對想,不作意種種想,'虛空無邊',證得並安住于空無邊處——這是第四個方向;完全超越空無邊處,'識無邊',證得並安住于識無邊處——這是第五個方向;完全超越識無邊處,'無所有',證得並安住于無所有處——這是第六個方向;完全超越無所有處,證得並安住于非想非非想處——這是第七個方向;完全超越非想非非想處,證得並安住于想受滅——這是第八個方向。比丘們,如來、阿羅漢、正等正覺者駕馭被調教的人朝這八個方向奔跑。'他被稱為無上調御丈夫、調教師'——這就是為什麼這樣說。" 世尊說了這些。那些比丘滿意歡喜世尊所說。 第七 六處分別經終
-
總說分別經
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – 『『bhikkhavo』』ti. 『『Bhadante』』ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – 『『uddesavibhaṅgaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『Tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya yathā yathā [yathā yathāssa (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] upaparikkhato bahiddhā cassa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya. Bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotī』』ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.
- Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi – 『『idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – 『tathā tathā, bhikkhave , bhikkhu upaparikkheyya yathā yathā upaparikkhato bahiddhā cassa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya. Bahiddhā , bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotī』ti. Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā』』ti? Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – 『『ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ; pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā』』ti.
Atha kho te bhikkhū yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākaccānena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavocuṃ –
『『Idaṃ kho no, āvuso kaccāna, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – 『tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya yathā yathā upaparikkhato bahiddhā cassa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya. Bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotī』ti. Tesaṃ no, āvuso kaccāna, amhākaṃ, acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi – 『idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya, yathā yathā upaparikkhato bahiddhā cassa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya. Bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotī』ti. Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā』』ti. 『『Tesaṃ no, āvuso kaccāna, amhākaṃ etadahosi – 『ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito, sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā』ti – vibhajatāyasmā mahākaccāno』』ti.
- 如是我聞:一時,世尊住在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂鎮附近)祇樹給孤獨園。在那裡,世尊對比丘們說:"比丘們。""尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是說: "比丘們,我將為你們講說總說分別。你們要聽,要好好作意,我將說。""是的,尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是說: "比丘們,比丘應當如是如是觀察,以便在觀察時,他的識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼。比丘們,當識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼時,未來就不會有生、老、死、苦的生起。"世尊說了這些。說完后,善逝從座位起身,進入精舍。
-
這時,在世尊離開不久,那些比丘想:"朋友們,世尊簡略地說了這個總說,沒有詳細解釋其義理就從座位起身,進入精舍:'比丘們,比丘應當如是如是觀察,以便在觀察時,他的識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼。比丘們,當識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼時,未來就不會有生、老、死、苦的生起。'誰能詳細解釋世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理呢?"那些比丘想:"尊者大迦旃延受到導師的讚譽,也受到有智慧的同梵行者的尊重;尊者大迦旃延能夠詳細解釋世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理。我們何不去見尊者大迦旃延,去了之後請問他這個意思呢?" 於是那些比丘去見尊者大迦旃延。到了之後,與尊者大迦旃延互相問候。寒暄敘舊后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘對尊者大迦旃延說: "朋友迦旃延,世尊簡略地說了這個總說,沒有詳細解釋其義理就從座位起身,進入精舍:'比丘們,比丘應當如是如是觀察,以便在觀察時,他的識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼。比丘們,當識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼時,未來就不會有生、老、死、苦的生起。'朋友迦旃延,在世尊離開不久,我們想:'朋友們,世尊簡略地說了這個總說,沒有詳細解釋其義理就從座位起身,進入精舍:比丘們,比丘應當如是如是觀察,以便在觀察時,他的識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼。比丘們,當識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼時,未來就不會有生、老、死、苦的生起。誰能詳細解釋世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理呢?'朋友迦旃延,我們想:'尊者大迦旃延受到導師的讚譽,也受到有智慧的同梵行者的尊重。尊者大迦旃延能夠詳細解釋世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理。我們何不去見尊者大迦旃延,去了之後請問他這個意思呢?'請尊者大迦旃延解釋。"
-
『『『Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṃ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva mūlaṃ atikkamma khandhaṃ sākhāpalāse sāraṃ pariyesitabbaṃ maññeyya, evaṃ sampadamidaṃ āyasmantānaṃ satthari sammukhībhūte taṃ bhagavantaṃ atisitvā amhe etamatthaṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ maññatha. So hāvuso, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha; yathā vo bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā』』』ti. 『Addhāvuso kaccāna, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāma; yathā no bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāma. Api cāyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Vibhajatāyasmā mahākaccāno agaruṃ karitvā』ti. 『Tena hāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī』ti. 『Evamāvuso』ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākaccānassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā mahākaccāno etadavoca –
『Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya, yathā yathā upaparikkhato bahiddhā cassa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya, bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotī』ti. Imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi.
-
『『Kathañcāvuso, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭanti vuccati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā rūpanimittānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti rūpanimittassādagadhitaṃ […gathitaṃ (sī. pī.)] rūpanimittassādavinibandhaṃ […vinibandhaṃ (sī. pī.)] rūpanimittassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭanti vuccati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya dhammanimittānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti; dhammanimittassādagadhitaṃ dhammanimittassādavinibandhaṃ dhammanimittassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭanti vuccati. Evaṃ kho āvuso, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭanti vuccati.
-
『『Kathañcāvuso, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭanti vuccati ? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na rūpanimittānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti rūpanimittassādagadhitaṃ na rūpanimittassādavinibandhaṃ na rūpanimittassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭanti vuccati . Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na dhammanimittānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti na dhammanimittassādagadhitaṃ na dhammanimittassādavinibandhaṃ na dhammanimittassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭanti vuccati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭanti vuccati.
-
"朋友們,就像一個尋求心材、探求心材、四處尋找心材的人,越過一棵直立的大樹的根部和樹幹,認為應該在樹枝和樹葉中尋找心材。你們諸位也是如此,在導師面前卻越過世尊,認為應該來問我們這個意思。朋友們,那位世尊知道應知之事,見到應見之事,他是眼、是智、是法、是梵,是說者、是宣說者、是義理的闡明者、是不死的施與者、是法主、是如來。那正是你們應該向世尊請問這個意思的時候;世尊如何解釋,你們就應該如何記住。" "確實如此,朋友迦旃延,那位世尊知道應知之事,見到應見之事,他是眼、是智、是法、是梵,是說者、是宣說者、是義理的闡明者、是不死的施與者、是法主、是如來。那正是我們應該向世尊請問這個意思的時候;世尊如何解釋,我們就應該如何記住。但是尊者大迦旃延受到導師的讚譽,也受到有智慧的同梵行者的尊重。尊者大迦旃延能夠詳細解釋世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理。請尊者大迦旃延不要嫌麻煩,為我們解釋。" "那麼,朋友們,你們要聽,要好好作意,我將說。""是的,朋友。"那些比丘回答尊者大迦旃延。尊者大迦旃延如是說: "朋友們,世尊簡略地說了這個總說,沒有詳細解釋其義理就從座位起身,進入精舍:'比丘們,比丘應當如是如是觀察,以便在觀察時,他的識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼。比丘們,當識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼時,未來就不會有生、老、死、苦的生起。'我如此理解世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理:
- "朋友們,什麼是說識散亂、流散於外?在此,朋友們,比丘以眼見色后,識隨色相而行,為色相的味著所繫縛,為色相的味著所束縛,為色相的味著所結縛,這被稱為識散亂、流散於外。以耳聞聲后......以鼻嗅香后......以舌嘗味后......以身觸所觸后......以意識法后,識隨法相而行,為法相的味著所繫縛,為法相的味著所束縛,為法相的味著所結縛,這被稱為識散亂、流散於外。朋友們,這就是說識散亂、流散於外。
-
"朋友們,什麼是說識不散亂、不流散於外?在此,朋友們,比丘以眼見色后,識不隨色相而行,不為色相的味著所繫縛,不為色相的味著所束縛,不為色相的味著所結縛,這被稱為識不散亂、不流散於外。以耳聞聲后......以鼻嗅香后......以舌嘗味后......以身觸所觸后......以意識法后,識不隨法相而行,不為法相的味著所繫縛,不為法相的味著所束縛,不為法相的味著所結縛,這被稱為識不散亂、不流散於外。朋友們,這就是說識不散亂、不流散於外。
-
『『Kathañcāvuso, ajjhattaṃ [ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] saṇṭhitanti vuccati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa vivekajapītisukhānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti vivekajapītisukhassādagadhitaṃ vivekajapītisukhassādavinibandhaṃ vivekajapītisukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitanti vuccati.
『『Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa samādhijapītisukhānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti samādhijapītisukhassādagadhitaṃ samādhijapītisukhassādavinibandhaṃ samādhijapītisukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitanti vuccati.
『『Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – 『upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī』ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa upekkhānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti upekkhāsukhassādagadhitaṃ upekkhāsukhassādavinibandhaṃ upekkhāsukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitanti vuccati.
『『Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa adukkhamasukhānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti adukkhamasukhassādagadhitaṃ adukkhamasukhassādavinibandhaṃ adukkhamasukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitanti vuccati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ajjhattaṃ [ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] saṇṭhitanti vuccati.
- 『『Kathañcāvuso , ajjhattaṃ [ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] asaṇṭhitanti vuccati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa na vivekajapītisukhānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti na vivekajapītisukhassādagadhitaṃ na vivekajapītisukhassādavinibandhaṃ na vivekajapītisukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitanti vuccati.
『『Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa na samādhijapītisukhānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti na samādhijapītisukhassādagadhitaṃ na samādhijapītisukhassādavinibandhaṃ na samādhijapītisukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitanti vuccati .
『『Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa na upekkhānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti na upekkhāsukhassādagadhitaṃ na upekkhāsukhassādavinibandhaṃ na upekkhāsukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitanti vuccati.
『『Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa na adukkhamasukhānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti na adukkhamasukhassādagadhitaṃ na adukkhamasukhassādavinibandhaṃ na adukkhamasukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitanti vuccati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ajjhattaṃ [ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] asaṇṭhitanti vuccati.
- "朋友們,什麼是說內心執著?在此,朋友們,比丘離欲、離不善法,有尋有伺,由離生喜樂,證得並安住于初禪。他的識隨離生喜樂而行,為離生喜樂的味著所繫縛,為離生喜樂的味著所束縛,為離生喜樂的味著所結縛,這被稱為內心執著。 再者,朋友們,比丘止息尋伺,內心安靜,心專一境,無尋無伺,由定生喜樂,證得並安住于第二禪。他的識隨定生喜樂而行,為定生喜樂的味著所繫縛,為定生喜樂的味著所束縛,為定生喜樂的味著所結縛,這被稱為內心執著。 再者,朋友們,比丘離喜,住于舍,正念正知,以身受樂,正如聖者們所說的'舍念樂住',證得並安住于第三禪。他的識隨舍而行,為舍樂的味著所繫縛,為舍樂的味著所束縛,為舍樂的味著所結縛,這被稱為內心執著。 再者,朋友們,比丘舍樂舍苦,先前的喜憂已滅,不苦不樂,舍念清凈,證得並安住于第四禪。他的識隨不苦不樂而行,為不苦不樂的味著所繫縛,為不苦不樂的味著所束縛,為不苦不樂的味著所結縛,這被稱為內心執著。朋友們,這就是說內心執著。
-
"朋友們,什麼是說內心不執著?在此,朋友們,比丘離欲、離不善法......證得並安住于初禪。他的識不隨離生喜樂而行,不為離生喜樂的味著所繫縛,不為離生喜樂的味著所束縛,不為離生喜樂的味著所結縛,這被稱為內心不執著。 再者,朋友們,比丘止息尋伺......證得並安住于第二禪。他的識不隨定生喜樂而行,不為定生喜樂的味著所繫縛,不為定生喜樂的味著所束縛,不為定生喜樂的味著所結縛,這被稱為內心不執著。 再者,朋友們,比丘離喜......證得並安住于第三禪。他的識不隨舍而行,不為舍樂的味著所繫縛,不為舍樂的味著所束縛,不為舍樂的味著所結縛,這被稱為內心不執著。 再者,朋友們,比丘舍樂舍苦,先前的喜憂已滅,不苦不樂,舍念清凈,證得並安住于第四禪。他的識不隨不苦不樂而行,不為不苦不樂的味著所繫縛,不為不苦不樂的味著所束縛,不為不苦不樂的味著所結縛,這被稱為內心不執著。朋友們,這就是說內心不執著。
-
『『Kathañcāvuso, anupādā paritassanā hoti? Idhāvuso, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ attani vā rūpaṃ rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati, aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā rūpavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmānuparivattajā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso pariyādānā uttāsavā ca hoti vighātavā ca apekkhavā ca anupādāya ca paritassati. Vedanaṃ …pe… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ attani vā viññāṇaṃ viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati, aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivattajā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso pariyādānā uttāsavā ca hoti vighātavā ca apekkhavā ca anupādāya ca paritassati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anupādā paritassanā hoti.
-
『『Kathañcāvuso, anupādānā aparitassanā hoti? Idhāvuso, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ na attani vā rūpaṃ na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati, aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā na ca rūpavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa na rūpavipariṇāmānuparivattajā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso pariyādānā na cevuttāsavā [na ca uttāsavā (sī.)] hoti na ca vighātavā na ca apekkhavā anupādāya ca na paritassati. Na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ na attani vā viññāṇaṃ na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati, aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā na ca viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa na viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivattajā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso pariyādānā na cevuttāsavā hoti na ca vighātavā na ca apekkhavā, anupādāya ca na paritassati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anupādā aparitassanā hoti.
『『Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – 『tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya yathā yathā upaparikkhato bahiddhā cassa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya. Bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotī』ti. Imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe āyasmanto bhagavantaṃyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha; yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā』』ti.
- "朋友們,什麼是因執取而恐懼?在此,朋友們,無聞凡夫不見聖者,不知聖法,不善巧于聖法,不見善人,不知善人法,不善巧于善人法。他視色為我,或視我有色,或視色在我中,或視我在色中。他的那個色變易、改變。隨著色的變易和改變,他的識隨色的變易而轉。由於隨色的變易而轉所生的恐懼和法的生起佔據他的心。因心被佔據,他就恐懼、憂慮、期待,並且因執取而恐懼。對於受......想......行......識,他視識為我,或視我有識,或視識在我中,或視我在識中。他的那個識變易、改變。隨著識的變易和改變,他的識隨識的變易而轉。由於隨識的變易而轉所生的恐懼和法的生起佔據他的心。因心被佔據,他就恐懼、憂慮、期待,並且因執取而恐懼。朋友們,這就是因執取而恐懼。
-
"朋友們,什麼是不因執取而不恐懼?在此,朋友們,多聞聖弟子見聖者,知聖法,善巧于聖法,見善人,知善人法,善巧于善人法。他不視色為我,不視我有色,不視色在我中,不視我在色中。他的那個色變易、改變。隨著色的變易和改變,他的識不隨色的變易而轉。由於不隨色的變易而轉,恐懼和法的生起不佔據他的心。因心不被佔據,他就不恐懼、不憂慮、不期待,並且不因執取而恐懼。他不視受......不視想......不視行......不視識為我,不視我有識,不視識在我中,不視我在識中。他的那個識變易、改變。隨著識的變易和改變,他的識不隨識的變易而轉。由於不隨識的變易而轉,恐懼和法的生起不佔據他的心。因心不被佔據,他就不恐懼、不憂慮、不期待,並且不因執取而恐懼。朋友們,這就是不因執取而不恐懼。 朋友們,關於世尊簡略地說了這個總說,沒有詳細解釋其義理就從座位起身,進入精舍:'比丘們,比丘應當如是如是觀察,以便在觀察時,他的識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼。比丘們,當識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼時,未來就不會有生、老、死、苦的生起。'我如此理解世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理。如果你們諸位想要的話,可以親自去向世尊請問這個意思;世尊如何解釋,你們就應該如何記住。"
-
Atha kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākaccānassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –
『『Yaṃ kho no, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – 『tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya yathā yathā upaparikkhato bahiddhā cassa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya. Bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotī』』』ti.
『『Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ, acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi – 『idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya, yathā yathā upaparikkhato bahiddhā cassa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya. Bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotīti. Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā』ti? Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi – 『ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā』ti.
『『Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkamimha; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipucchimha. Tesaṃ no, bhante, āyasmatā mahākaccānena imehi ākārehi imehi padehi imehi byañjanehi attho vibhatto』』ti.
『『Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, mahākaccāno; mahāpañño, bhikkhave, mahākaccāno. Maṃ cepi tumhe, bhikkhave, etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, ahampi evamevaṃ byākareyyaṃ yathā taṃ mahākaccānena byākataṃ. Eso cevetassa [eso cetassa (sī. pī.), eso ceva tassa (syā. kaṃ.), esoyeva tassa (ka.)] attho. Evañca naṃ dhāreyyāthā』』ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Uddesavibhaṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.
-
Araṇavibhaṅgasuttaṃ
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi 『『bhikkhavo』』ti. 『『Bhadante』』ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – 『『araṇavibhaṅgaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ, bhante』』ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『Na kāmasukhamanuyuñjeyya hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, na ca attakilamathānuyogamanuyuñjeyya dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ. Ete kho, bhikkhave [ete kho (sī.), ete te (syā. kaṃ. pī.)], ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ussādanañca jaññā, apasādanañca jaññā; ussādanañca ñatvā apasādanañca ñatvā nevussādeyya, na apasādeyya [nāpasādeyya (sī.)], dhammameva deseyya. Sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā; sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyya. Rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya, sammukhā na khīṇaṃ [nātikhīṇaṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] bhaṇe. Ataramānova bhāseyya, no taramāno. Janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniveseyya, samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyāti – ayamuddeso araṇavibhaṅgassa.
- 那些比丘歡喜隨喜尊者大迦旃延所說,從座位起身,去見世尊。到了之後,向世尊禮拜,然後坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘對世尊說: "尊者,世尊簡略地說了這個總說,沒有詳細解釋其義理就從座位起身,進入精舍:'比丘們,比丘應當如是如是觀察,以便在觀察時,他的識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼。比丘們,當識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼時,未來就不會有生、老、死、苦的生起。' 尊者,在世尊離開不久,我們想:'朋友們,世尊簡略地說了這個總說,沒有詳細解釋其義理就從座位起身,進入精舍:比丘們,比丘應當如是如是觀察,以便在觀察時,他的識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼。比丘們,當識不散亂、不流散於外,內心不執著,不因執取而恐懼時,未來就不會有生、老、死、苦的生起。誰能詳細解釋世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理呢?'尊者,我們想:'尊者大迦旃延受到導師的讚譽,也受到有智慧的同梵行者的尊重。尊者大迦旃延能夠詳細解釋世尊簡略所說、未詳細解釋的義理。我們何不去見尊者大迦旃延,去了之後請問他這個意思呢?' 於是,尊者,我們去見尊者大迦旃延。到了之後,我們請問了尊者大迦旃延這個意思。尊者,尊者大迦旃延用這些方式、這些詞句、這些文字為我們解釋了其義理。" "比丘們,大迦旃延是智者,大迦旃延是大智慧者。如果你們問我這個意思,我也會像大迦旃延那樣解釋。這就是其義理,你們應該如此記住。" 世尊說了這些。那些比丘滿意歡喜世尊所說。 第八 總說分別經終
- 無諍分別經
-
如是我聞:一時,世尊住在舍衛城(現今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂鎮附近)祇樹給孤獨園。在那裡,世尊對比丘們說:"比丘們。""尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是說: "比丘們,我將為你們講說無諍分別。你們要聽,要好好作意,我將說。""是的,尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是說: "不應追求低劣、粗俗、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的欲樂;也不應追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的自我折磨。比丘們,如來已證悟不落入這兩邊的中道,它能生眼、生智,導向寂靜、證智、正覺、涅槃。應知讚歎,應知貶抑;知道讚歎和貶抑后,既不讚嘆也不貶抑,只應說法。應知樂的判斷;知道樂的判斷後,應追求內在的樂。不應說背後話,不應當面說傷人的話。應從容地說,不應急促地說。不應執著地方語言,不應超越共同用語。這是無諍分別的總說。
-
『『『Na kāmasukhamanuyuñjeyya hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, na ca attakilamathānuyogamanuyuñjeyya dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhita』nti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ; kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyogo hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Yo attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Yo attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyogo dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. 『Na kāmasukhamanuyuñjeyya hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, na ca attakilamathānuyogaṃ anuyuñjeyya dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhita』nti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Ete kho ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattatī』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi , sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi. 『Ete kho ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattatī』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Ussādanañca jaññā, apasādanañca jaññā; ussādanañca ñatvā apasādanañca ñatvā nevussādeyya, na apasādeyya, dhammameva deseyyā』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Kathañca, bhikkhave, ussādanā ca hoti apasādanā ca, no ca dhammadesanā? 『Ye kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ anuyuttā hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā』ti – iti vadaṃ [iti paraṃ (ka.)] ittheke apasādeti.
『『『Ye kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyuttā hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā』ti – iti vadaṃ ittheke ussādeti.
『『『Ye attakilamathānuyogaṃ anuyuttā dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā』ti – iti vadaṃ ittheke apasādeti.
『『『Ye attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyuttā dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā』ti – iti vadaṃ ittheke ussādeti.
『『『Yesaṃ kesañci bhavasaṃyojanaṃ appahīnaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā』ti – iti vadaṃ ittheke apasādeti.
『『『Yesaṃ kesañci bhavasaṃyojanaṃ pahīnaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā』ti – iti vadaṃ ittheke ussādeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ussādanā ca hoti apasādanā ca, no ca dhammadesanā.
- "'不應追求低劣、粗俗、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的欲樂;也不應追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的自我折磨'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?追求與欲相連的快樂和喜悅是低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。不追求與欲相連的快樂和喜悅,不追求低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。追求自我折磨是痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。不追求自我折磨,不追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。'不應追求低劣、粗俗、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的欲樂;也不應追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的自我折磨'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
- "'如來已證悟不落入這兩邊的中道,它能生眼、生智,導向寂靜、證智、正覺、涅槃'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?這就是八支聖道,即:正見、正思惟、正語、正業、正命、正精進、正念、正定。'如來已證悟不落入這兩邊的中道,它能生眼、生智,導向寂靜、證智、正覺、涅槃'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
"'應知讚歎,應知貶抑;知道讚歎和貶抑后,既不讚嘆也不貶抑,只應說法'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?比丘們,什麼是讚歎和貶抑,而不是說法?'所有追求與欲相連的快樂和喜悅,追求低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的人,都是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的,是行邪道'——這樣說就是貶抑某些人。 '所有不追求與欲相連的快樂和喜悅,不追求低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的人,都是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的,是行正道'——這樣說就是讚歎某些人。 '所有追求自我折磨,追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的人,都是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的,是行邪道'——這樣說就是貶抑某些人。 '所有不追求自我折磨,不追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的人,都是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的,是行正道'——這樣說就是讚歎某些人。 '所有未斷除有結的人,都是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的,是行邪道'——這樣說就是貶抑某些人。 '所有已斷除有結的人,都是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的,是行正道'——這樣說就是讚歎某些人。比丘們,這就是讚歎和貶抑,而不是說法。
-
『『Kathañca, bhikkhave, nevussādanā hoti na apasādanā, dhammadesanā ca [dhammadesanāva (syā. kaṃ.)]? 『Ye kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ anuyuttā hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā』ti – na evamāha. 『Anuyogo ca kho, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā』ti – iti vadaṃ dhammameva deseti.
『『『Ye kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyuttā hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā』ti – na evamāha. 『Ananuyogo ca kho, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā』ti – iti vadaṃ dhammameva deseti.
『『『Ye attakilamathānuyogaṃ anuyuttā dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā』ti – na evamāha. 『Anuyogo ca kho , sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā』ti – iti vadaṃ dhammameva deseti.
『『『Ye attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyuttā dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā』ti – na evamāha. 『Ananuyogo ca kho, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā』ti – iti vadaṃ dhammameva deseti.
『『『Yesaṃ kesañci bhavasaṃyojanaṃ appahīnaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā』ti – na evamāha . 『Bhavasaṃyojane ca kho appahīne bhavopi appahīno hotī』ti – iti vadaṃ dhammameva deseti.
『『『Yesaṃ kesañci bhavasaṃyojanaṃ pahīnaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā』ti – na evamāha. 『Bhavasaṃyojane ca kho pahīne bhavopi pahīno hotī』ti – iti vadaṃ dhammameva deseti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nevussādanā hoti na apasādanā, dhammadesanā ca. 『Ussādanañca jaññā, apasādanañca jaññā; ussādanañca ñatvā apasādanañca ñatvā nevussādeyya, na apasādeyya, dhammameva deseyyā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā; sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyyā』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Pañcime, bhikkhave, kāmaguṇā. Katame pañca? Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā, sotaviññeyyā saddā… ghānaviññeyyā gandhā… jivhāviññeyyā rasā… kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā – ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca kāmaguṇā. Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ime pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati kāmasukhaṃ mīḷhasukhaṃ puthujjanasukhaṃ anariyasukhaṃ. 『Na āsevitabbaṃ, na bhāvetabbaṃ, na bahulīkātabbaṃ, bhāyitabbaṃ etassa sukhassā』ti – vadāmi. Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasukhaṃ pavivekasukhaṃ upasamasukhaṃ sambodhisukhaṃ. 『Āsevitabbaṃ, bhāvetabbaṃ, bahulīkātabbaṃ, na bhāyitabbaṃ etassa sukhassā』ti – vadāmi . 『Sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā ; sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyyā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
"比丘們,什麼是既不讚嘆也不貶抑,而是說法?'所有追求與欲相連的快樂和喜悅,追求低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的人,都是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的,是行邪道'——不這樣說。'這種追求是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道'——這樣說就是在說法。 '所有不追求與欲相連的快樂和喜悅,不追求低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的人,都是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的,是行正道'——不這樣說。'這種不追求是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道'——這樣說就是在說法。 '所有追求自我折磨,追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的人,都是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的,是行邪道'——不這樣說。'這種追求是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道'——這樣說就是在說法。 '所有不追求自我折磨,不追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的人,都是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的,是行正道'——不這樣說。'這種不追求是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道'——這樣說就是在說法。 '所有未斷除有結的人,都是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的,是行邪道'——不這樣說。'有結未斷除時,有也未斷除'——這樣說就是在說法。 '所有已斷除有結的人,都是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的,是行正道'——不這樣說。'有結斷除時,有也斷除'——這樣說就是在說法。比丘們,這就是既不讚嘆也不貶抑,而是說法。'應知讚歎,應知貶抑;知道讚歎和貶抑后,既不讚嘆也不貶抑,只應說法'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
"'應知樂的判斷;知道樂的判斷後,應追求內在的樂'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?比丘們,有這五種欲。哪五種?眼所識的色,可愛的、可意的、可悅的、可喜的、與欲相應的、能引起貪愛的;耳所識的聲......鼻所識的香......舌所識的味......身所識的觸,可愛的、可意的、可悅的、可喜的、與欲相應的、能引起貪愛的。比丘們,這就是五種欲。比丘們,緣于這五種欲而生起的樂和喜悅,這被稱為欲樂、糞樂、凡夫樂、非聖者樂。我說:'不應親近、不應修習、不應多作,應當畏懼這種樂。'比丘們,在此,比丘離欲、離不善法,有尋有伺,由離生喜樂,證得並安住于初禪。尋伺止息,內心安靜,心專一境,無尋無伺,由定生喜樂,證得並安住于第二禪。離喜......第三禪......第四禪。這被稱為出離樂、遠離樂、寂靜樂、正覺樂。我說:'應當親近、應當修習、應當多作,不應畏懼這種樂。''應知樂的判斷;知道樂的判斷後,應追求內在的樂'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
『『『Rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya, sammukhā na khīṇaṃ bhaṇe』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tatra, bhikkhave, yaṃ jaññā rahovādaṃ abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sasakkaṃ [sampattaṃ (ka.)] taṃ rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya. Yampi jaññā rahovādaṃ bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ tassapi sikkheyya avacanāya. Yañca kho jaññā rahovādaṃ bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ tatra kālaññū assa tassa rahovādassa vacanāya. Tatra, bhikkhave, yaṃ jaññā sammukhā khīṇavādaṃ abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sasakkaṃ taṃ sammukhā khīṇavādaṃ na bhāseyya. Yampi jaññā sammukhā khīṇavādaṃ bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ tassapi sikkheyya avacanāya. Yañca kho jaññā sammukhā khīṇavādaṃ bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ tatra kālaññū assa tassa sammukhā khīṇavādassa vacanāya. 『Rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya, sammukhā na khīṇaṃ bhaṇe』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Ataramānova bhāseyya no taramāno』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tatra, bhikkhave, taramānassa bhāsato kāyopi kilamati, cittampi upahaññati [ūhaññati (sī.)], saropi upahaññati [ūhaññati (sī.)], kaṇṭhopi āturīyati, avisaṭṭhampi hoti aviññeyyaṃ taramānassa bhāsitaṃ. Tatra, bhikkhave, ataramānassa bhāsato kāyopi na kilamati, cittampi na upahaññati, saropi na upahaññati, kaṇṭhopi na āturīyati, visaṭṭhampi hoti viññeyyaṃ ataramānassa bhāsitaṃ. 『Ataramānova bhāseyya, no taramāno』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniveseyya, samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyā』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Kathañca, bhikkhave, janapadaniruttiyā ca abhiniveso hoti samaññāya ca atisāro? Idha, bhikkhave, tadevekaccesu janapadesu 『pātī』ti sañjānanti, 『patta』nti sañjānanti , 『vitta』nti [viṭṭhanti (syā. kaṃ.)] sañjānanti, 『sarāva』nti sañjānanti 『dhāropa』nti [harosanti (syā. kaṃ.)] sañjānanti, 『poṇa』nti sañjānanti, 『pisīlava』nti [pisīlanti (sī. pī.), pipilanti (syā. kaṃ.)] sañjānanti. Iti yathā yathā naṃ tesu tesu janapadesu sañjānanti tathā tathā thāmasā parāmāsā [parāmassa (sī.)] abhinivissa voharati – 『idameva saccaṃ , moghamañña』nti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, janapadaniruttiyā ca abhiniveso hoti samaññāya ca atisāro.
-
『『Kathañca, bhikkhave, janapadaniruttiyā ca anabhiniveso hoti samaññāya ca anatisāro? Idha, bhikkhave, tadevekaccesu janapadesu 『pātī』ti sañjānanti, 『patta』nti sañjānanti, 『vitta』nti sañjānanti, 『sarāva』nti sañjānanti, 『dhāropa』nti sañjānanti, 『poṇa』nti sañjānanti, 『pisīlava』nti sañjānanti. Iti yathā yathā naṃ tesu tesu janapadesu sañjānanti 『idaṃ kira me [idaṃ kira te ca (ka.)] āyasmanto sandhāya voharantī』ti tathā tathā voharati aparāmasaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, janapadaniruttiyā ca anabhiniveso hoti, samaññāya ca anatisāro. 『Janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniveseyya samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyogo hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
-
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yo attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yo attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyogo dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
-
"'不應說背後話,不應當面說傷人的話'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?比丘們,在此,如果知道某個背後話是虛假的、不真實的、無益的、可能引起爭論的,就不應說那個背後話。即使知道某個背後話是真實的、如實的,但無益的,也應學習不說。如果知道某個背後話是真實的、如實的、有益的,那就應當知時而說那個背後話。比丘們,在此,如果知道某個當面的傷人話是虛假的、不真實的、無益的、可能引起爭論的,就不應說那個當面的傷人話。即使知道某個當面的傷人話是真實的、如實的,但無益的,也應學習不說。如果知道某個當面的傷人話是真實的、如實的、有益的,那就應當知時而說那個當面的傷人話。'不應說背後話,不應當面說傷人的話'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
- "'應從容地說,不應急促地說'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?比丘們,在此,急促地說會使身體疲勞,心受損害,聲音受損害,喉嚨受傷,急促說的話不清晰、難以理解。比丘們,在此,從容地說不會使身體疲勞,心不受損害,聲音不受損害,喉嚨不受傷,從容說的話清晰、易於理解。'應從容地說,不應急促地說'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
- "'不應執著地方語言,不應超越共同用語'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?比丘們,什麼是執著地方語言和超越共同用語?在此,比丘們,在某些地方,人們稱同一物為'pātī',或稱為'patta',或稱為'vitta',或稱為'sarāva',或稱為'dhāropa',或稱為'poṇa',或稱為'pisīlava'。無論在各個地方人們如何稱呼它,他就堅持、執著、固執地使用那種說法,認為'只有這個是真實的,其他都是虛妄的'。比丘們,這就是執著地方語言和超越共同用語。
- "比丘們,什麼是不執著地方語言和不超越共同用語?在此,比丘們,在某些地方,人們稱同一物為'pātī',或稱為'patta',或稱為'vitta',或稱為'sarāva',或稱為'dhāropa',或稱為'poṇa',或稱為'pisīlava'。無論在各個地方人們如何稱呼它,他都不執著地使用那種說法,想著'這些尊者們似乎是指這個意思'。比丘們,這就是不執著地方語言和不超越共同用語。'不應執著地方語言,不應超越共同用語'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
- "比丘們,在此,追求與欲相連的快樂和喜悅是低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,不追求與欲相連的快樂和喜悅,不追求低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非聖者的、無益的,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。
-
"比丘們,在此,追求自我折磨是痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,不追求自我折磨,不追求痛苦的、非聖者的、無益的,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。
-
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yāyaṃ majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā . Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
-
『『Tatra , bhikkhave, yāyaṃ ussādanā ca apasādanā ca no ca dhammadesanā, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yāyaṃ nevussādanā ca na apasādanā ca dhammadesanā ca, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
-
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yamidaṃ kāmasukhaṃ mīḷhasukhaṃ pothujjanasukhaṃ anariyasukhaṃ , sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yamidaṃ nekkhammasukhaṃ pavivekasukhaṃ upasamasukhaṃ sambodhisukhaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
-
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ rahovādo abhūto ataccho anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ rahovādo bhūto taccho anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ rahovādo bhūto taccho atthasaṃhito, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
-
『『Tatra , bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ sammukhā khīṇavādo abhūto ataccho anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ sammukhā khīṇavādo bhūto taccho anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ sammukhā khīṇavādo bhūto taccho atthasaṃhito, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
-
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yamidaṃ taramānassa bhāsitaṃ, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave , yamidaṃ ataramānassa bhāsitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
-
『『Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ janapadaniruttiyā ca abhiniveso samaññāya ca atisāro, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ janapadaniruttiyā ca anabhiniveso samaññāya ca anatisāro, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.
『『Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, 『saraṇañca dhammaṃ jānissāma, araṇañca dhammaṃ jānissāma; saraṇañca dhammaṃ ñatvā araṇañca dhammaṃ ñatvā araṇapaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjissāmā』ti evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṃ. Subhūti ca pana, bhikkhave, kulaputto araṇapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno』』ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Araṇavibhaṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ navamaṃ.
-
Dhātuvibhaṅgasuttaṃ
-
"比丘們,在此,如來所證悟的這個中道能生眼、生智,導向寂靜、證智、正覺、涅槃,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。
- "比丘們,在此,讚歎和貶抑而不說法,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,既不讚嘆也不貶抑而說法,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。
- "比丘們,在此,這種欲樂、糞樂、凡夫樂、非聖者樂,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,這種出離樂、遠離樂、寂靜樂、正覺樂,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。
- "比丘們,在此,這種虛假的、不真實的、無益的背後話,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,這種真實的、如實的、無益的背後話,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,這種真實的、如實的、有益的背後話,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。
- "比丘們,在此,這種虛假的、不真實的、無益的當面傷人話,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,這種真實的、如實的、無益的當面傷人話,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,這種真實的、如實的、有益的當面傷人話,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。
- "比丘們,在此,這種急促的說話,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,這種從容的說話,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。
- "比丘們,在此,這種執著地方語言和超越共同用語,這是有苦的、有害的、有憂的、有熱惱的法;是邪道。因此這是有諍的法。比丘們,在此,這種不執著地方語言和不超越共同用語,這是無苦的、無害的、無憂的、無熱惱的法;是正道。因此這是無諍的法。 因此,比丘們,你們應當這樣學習:'我們將知道有諍的法,我們將知道無諍的法;知道有諍的法和無諍的法后,我們將實踐無諍之道。'比丘們,善生族子須菩提已經實踐了無諍之道。" 世尊說了這些。那些比丘滿意歡喜世尊所說。 第九 無諍分別經終
-
界分別經
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā magadhesu cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari; yena bhaggavo kumbhakāro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhaggavaṃ kumbhakāraṃ etadavoca – 『『sace te, bhaggava, agaru viharemu āvesane [viharāmāvesane (sī. pī.), viharāma nivesane (syā. kaṃ.), viharemu nivesane (ka.)] ekaratta』』nti. 『『Na kho me, bhante, garu. Atthi cettha pabbajito paṭhamaṃ vāsūpagato. Sace so anujānāti, viharatha [vihara (sī. pī.)], bhante, yathāsukha』』nti.
Tena kho pana samayena pukkusāti nāma kulaputto bhagavantaṃ uddissa saddhāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito. So tasmiṃ kumbhakārāvesane [kumbhakāranivesane (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] paṭhamaṃ vāsūpagato hoti. Atha kho bhagavā yenāyasmā pukkusāti tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ pukkusātiṃ etadavoca – 『『sace te, bhikkhu, agaru viharemu āvesane ekaratta』』nti. 『『Urundaṃ, āvuso [ūrūndaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.), urūddhaṃ (ka.) dī. ni. 2 sakkapañhasuttaṭīkā oloketabbā], kumbhakārāvesanaṃ. Viharatāyasmā yathāsukha』』nti.
Atha kho bhagavā kumbhakārāvesanaṃ pavisitvā ekamantaṃ tiṇasanthārakaṃ [tiṇasantharikaṃ (sī.), tiṇasantharakaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] paññāpetvā nisīdi pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. Atha kho bhagavā bahudeva rattiṃ nisajjāya vītināmesi. Āyasmāpi kho pukkusāti bahudeva rattiṃ nisajjāya vītināmesi.
Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – 『『pāsādikaṃ kho ayaṃ kulaputto iriyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ puccheyya』』nti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ pukkusātiṃ etadavoca – 『『kaṃsi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, uddissa pabbajito? Ko vā te satthā? Kassa vā tvaṃ dhammaṃ rocesī』』ti? 『『Atthāvuso, samaṇo gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito. Taṃ kho pana bhagavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – 『itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā』ti . Tāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ uddissa pabbajito. So ca me bhagavā satthā. Tassa cāhaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ rocemī』』ti. 『『Kahaṃ pana, bhikkhu, etarahi so bhagavā viharati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho』』ti. 『『Atthāvuso, uttaresu janapadesu sāvatthi nāma nagaraṃ. Tattha so bhagavā etarahi viharati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho』』ti. 『『Diṭṭhapubbo pana te, bhikkhu, so bhagavā; disvā ca pana jāneyyāsī』』ti? 『『Na kho me, āvuso, diṭṭhapubbo so bhagavā; disvā cāhaṃ na jāneyya』』nti.
Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – 『『mamañca khvāyaṃ [maṃ tvāyaṃ (sī.), mamaṃ khvāyaṃ (syā. kaṃ.), maṃ khvāyaṃ (pī.)] kulaputto uddissa pabbajito. Yaṃnūnassāhaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya』』nti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ pukkusātiṃ āmantesi – 『『dhammaṃ te, bhikkhu, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī』』ti. 『『Evamāvuso』』ti kho āyasmā pukkusāti bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
-
『『『Chadhāturo [chaddhāturo (sī.)] ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso chaphassāyatano aṭṭhārasamanopavicāro caturādhiṭṭhāno; yattha ṭhitaṃ maññassavā nappavattanti, maññassave kho pana nappavattamāne muni santoti vuccati. Paññaṃ nappamajjeyya, saccamanurakkheyya, cāgamanubrūheyya, santimeva so sikkheyyā』ti – ayamuddeso dhātuvibhaṅgassa [chadhātuvibhaṅgassa (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)].
-
『『『Chadhāturo ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? (Chayimā, bhikkhu, dhātuyo) [( ) natthi sī. pī. potthakesu] – pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu, ākāsadhātu, viññāṇadhātu. 『Chadhāturo ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Chaphassāyatano ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Cakkhusamphassāyatanaṃ, sotasamphassāyatanaṃ, ghānasamphassāyatanaṃ, jivhāsamphassāyatanaṃ, kāyasamphassāyatanaṃ, manosamphassāyatanaṃ. 『Chaphassāyatano ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
如是我聞:一時,世尊在摩揭陀國(現今印度比哈爾邦)遊行,來到王舍城(現今印度比哈爾邦巴特那市附近)。他去見陶師巴伽瓦,到了之後對陶師巴伽瓦說:"巴伽瓦,如果你不介意的話,我想在你的工房裡住一夜。""尊者,我不介意。但這裡已經有一位出家人先來住下了。如果他同意,尊者請隨意住下。" 當時,有一位名叫富樓迦舍的族姓子因信仰世尊而出家,他先來住在那陶師的工房裡。於是世尊走向尊者富樓迦舍,到了之後對尊者富樓迦舍說:"比丘,如果你不介意的話,我想在這工房裡住一夜。""朋友,陶師的工房很寬敞。尊者請隨意住下。" 於是世尊進入陶師的工房,在一旁鋪設草蓆,結跏趺坐,端正身體,安住正念。世尊坐了大半夜。尊者富樓迦舍也坐了大半夜。 世尊心想:"這族姓子的舉止很優雅。我不妨問問他。"於是世尊對尊者富樓迦舍說:"比丘,你是爲了誰而出家的?誰是你的老師?你喜歡誰的法?""朋友,有一位沙門喬達摩,是釋迦族人,從釋迦族出家。關於這位喬達摩世尊,有這樣美好的名聲流傳:'這位世尊是阿羅漢、正等正覺、明行足、善逝、世間解、無上士、調御丈夫、天人師、佛、世尊。'我是爲了這位世尊而出家的。那位世尊是我的老師。我喜歡那位世尊的法。""比丘,那位阿羅漢、正等正覺的世尊現在住在哪裡?""朋友,在北方國土有一座名叫舍衛(現今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂鎮附近)的城市。那位阿羅漢、正等正覺的世尊現在住在那裡。""比丘,你以前見過那位世尊嗎?如果見到你能認出來嗎?""朋友,我以前沒有見過那位世尊。如果見到我也認不出來。" 世尊心想:"這族姓子是爲了我而出家的。我不妨為他說法。"於是世尊對尊者富樓迦舍說:"比丘,我要為你說法。你要聽,要好好作意,我將說。""是的,朋友。"尊者富樓迦舍回答世尊。世尊如是說:
- "比丘,這個人有六界、六觸處、十八意行、四住處;住于其中,不起虛妄想;不起虛妄想時,稱為牟尼、寂靜者。不應放逸智慧,應護持真實,應增長舍離,應學習寂靜。"這是界分別的總說。
- "'比丘,這個人有六界'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?(比丘,有這六界:)地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。'比丘,這個人有六界'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
"'比丘,這個人有六觸處'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?眼觸處、耳觸處、鼻觸處、舌觸處、身觸處、意觸處。'比丘,這個人有六觸處'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
『『『Aṭṭhārasamanopavicāro ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā somanassaṭṭhānīyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati, domanassaṭṭhānīyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati, upekkhāṭṭhānīyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati; sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya somanassaṭṭhānīyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati, domanassaṭṭhānīyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati , upekkhāṭṭhānīyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati – iti cha somanassupavicārā, cha domanassupavicārā, cha upekkhupavicārā. 『Aṭṭhārasamanopavicāro ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Caturādhiṭṭhāno ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Paññādhiṭṭhāno, saccādhiṭṭhāno, cāgādhiṭṭhāno, upasamādhiṭṭhāno. 『Caturādhiṭṭhāno ayaṃ, bhikkhu, puriso』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Paññaṃ nappamajjeyya, saccamanurakkheyya, cāgamanubrūheyya, santimeva so sikkheyyā』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Kathañca, bhikkhu, paññaṃ nappamajjati? Chayimā, bhikkhu, dhātuyo – pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu, ākāsadhātu, viññāṇadhātu.
-
『『Katamā ca, bhikkhu, pathavīdhātu? Pathavīdhātu siyā ajjhattikā siyā bāhirā. Katamā ca, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā pathavīdhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ kakkhaḷaṃ kharigataṃ upādinnaṃ [upādiṇṇaṃ (pī. ka.)], seyyathidaṃ – kesā lomā nakhā dantā taco maṃsaṃ nhāru aṭṭhi aṭṭhimiñjaṃ [aṭṭhimiñjā (sī. pī.)] vakkaṃ hadayaṃ yakanaṃ kilomakaṃ pihakaṃ papphāsaṃ antaṃ antaguṇaṃ udariyaṃ karīsaṃ, yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñci ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ kakkhaḷaṃ kharigataṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā pathavīdhātu. Yā ceva kho pana ajjhattikā pathavīdhātu yā ca bāhirā pathavīdhātu pathavīdhāturevesā . 『Taṃ netaṃ mama nesohamasmi na meso attā』ti – evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā pathavīdhātuyā nibbindati, pathavīdhātuyā cittaṃ virājeti.
-
『『Katamā ca, bhikkhu, āpodhātu? Āpodhātu siyā ajjhattikā siyā bāhirā. Katamā ca, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā āpodhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ āpo āpogataṃ upādinnaṃ seyyathidaṃ – pittaṃ semhaṃ pubbo lohitaṃ sedo medo assu vasā kheḷo siṅghāṇikā lasikā muttaṃ, yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñci ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ āpo āpogataṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā āpodhātu. Yā ceva kho pana ajjhattikā āpodhātu yā ca bāhirā āpodhātu āpodhāturevesā. 『Taṃ netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā』ti – evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āpodhātuyā nibbindati, āpodhātuyā cittaṃ virājeti.
-
『『Katamā ca, bhikkhu, tejodhātu? Tejodhātu siyā ajjhattikā siyā bāhirā. Katamā ca, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā tejodhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ tejo tejogataṃ upādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – yena ca santappati, yena ca jīrīyati, yena ca pariḍayhati, yena ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ sammā pariṇāmaṃ gacchati, yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñci ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ tejo tejogataṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā tejodhātu. Yā ceva kho pana ajjhattikā tejodhātu yā ca bāhirā tejodhātu tejodhāturevesā. 『Taṃ netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā』ti – evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā tejodhātuyā nibbindati, tejodhātuyā cittaṃ virājeti.
-
"'比丘,這個人有十八意行'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?眼見色后,對引生喜的色進行思維,對引生憂的色進行思維,對引生舍的色進行思維;耳聞聲后......鼻嗅香后......舌嘗味后......身觸所觸后......意識法后,對引生喜的法進行思維,對引生憂的法進行思維,對引生舍的法進行思維——這樣有六種喜的思維、六種憂的思維、六種舍的思維。'比丘,這個人有十八意行'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
- "'比丘,這個人有四住處'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?智慧住處、真實住處、舍離住處、寂靜住處。'比丘,這個人有四住處'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
- "'不應放逸智慧,應護持真實,應增長舍離,應學習寂靜'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?比丘,如何不放逸智慧?比丘,有這六界:地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。
- "比丘,什麼是地界?地界可能是內在的,也可能是外在的。比丘,什麼是內在的地界?凡是內在的、個人的、堅硬的、固體的、被執取的,如頭髮、體毛、指甲、牙齒、面板、肌肉、筋腱、骨骼、骨髓、腎臟、心臟、肝臟、膜、脾臟、肺、腸、腸間膜、胃中物、糞便,或其他任何內在的、個人的、堅硬的、固體的、被執取的——比丘,這被稱為內在的地界。無論是內在的地界還是外在的地界,都只是地界。'這不是我的,這不是我,這不是我的自我'——應當以正確的智慧如實地看待它。如此以正確的智慧如實地看待后,就會厭離地界,使心離染于地界。
- "比丘,什麼是水界?水界可能是內在的,也可能是外在的。比丘,什麼是內在的水界?凡是內在的、個人的、水、水性的、被執取的,如膽汁、痰、膿、血、汗、脂肪、淚、油脂、唾液、鼻涕、關節滑液、尿液,或其他任何內在的、個人的、水、水性的、被執取的——比丘,這被稱為內在的水界。無論是內在的水界還是外在的水界,都只是水界。'這不是我的,這不是我,這不是我的自我'——應當以正確的智慧如實地看待它。如此以正確的智慧如實地看待后,就會厭離水界,使心離染於水界。
-
"比丘,什麼是火界?火界可能是內在的,也可能是外在的。比丘,什麼是內在的火界?凡是內在的、個 的、火、火性的、被執取的,如使身體發熱的、使身體 老的、使身體燃燒的、使所吃、所喝、所咀嚼、所品嚐的東西得到良好消化的,或其他任何內在的、個人的、火、火性的、被執取的——比丘,這被稱為內在的火界。無論是內在的火界還是外在的火界,都只是火界。'這不是我的,這不是我,這不是我的自我'——應當以正確的智慧如實地看待它。如此以正確的智慧如實地看待后,就會厭離火界,使心離染於火界。
-
『『Katamā ca, bhikkhu, vāyodhātu? Vāyodhātu siyā ajjhattikā siyā bāhirā. Katamā ca, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā vāyodhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ vāyo vāyogataṃ upādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – uddhaṅgamā vātā adhogamā vātā kucchisayā vātā koṭṭhāsayā [koṭṭhasayā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vātā aṅgamaṅgānusārino vātā assāso passāso iti, yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñci ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ vāyo vāyogataṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā vāyodhātu. Yā ceva kho pana ajjhattikā vāyodhātu yā ca bāhirā vāyodhātu vāyodhāturevesā. 『Taṃ netaṃ mama , nesohamasmi , na meso attā』ti – evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā vāyodhātuyā nibbindati, vāyodhātuyā cittaṃ virājeti.
-
『『Katamā ca, bhikkhu, ākāsadhātu? Ākāsadhātu siyā ajjhattikā siyā bāhirā. Katamā ca, bhikkhu, ajjhattikā ākāsadhātu ? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ ākāsaṃ ākāsagataṃ upādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – kaṇṇacchiddaṃ nāsacchiddaṃ mukhadvāraṃ yena ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ ajjhoharati, yattha ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ santiṭṭhati, yena ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ adhobhāgaṃ [adhobhāgā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) devadūtasuttena sameti] nikkhamati, yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñci ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ ākāsaṃ ākāsagataṃ aghaṃ aghagataṃ vivaraṃ vivaragataṃ asamphuṭṭhaṃ maṃsalohitehi upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhu ajjhattikā ākāsadhātu. Yā ceva kho pana ajjhattikā ākāsadhātu yā ca bāhirā ākāsadhātu ākāsadhāturevesā. 『Taṃ netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā』ti – evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā ākāsadhātuyā nibbindati, ākāsadhātuyā cittaṃ virājeti.
-
『『Athāparaṃ viññāṇaṃyeva avasissati parisuddhaṃ pariyodātaṃ. Tena ca viññāṇena kiṃ [tena viññāṇena kiñca (sī.)] vijānāti? 『Sukha』ntipi vijānāti, 『dukkha』ntipi vijānāti, 『adukkhamasukha』ntipi vijānāti. Sukhavedaniyaṃ, bhikkhu, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhā vedanā. So sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti. 『Tasseva sukhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ sukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā sukhā vedanā sā nirujjhati, sā vūpasammatī』ti pajānāti.
-
『『Dukkhavedaniyaṃ, bhikkhu, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dukkhā vedanā. So dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti. 『Tasseva dukkhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ dukkhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā dukkhā vedanā sā nirujjhati, sā vūpasammatī』ti pajānāti.
-
『『Adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ, bhikkhu, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati adukkhamasukhā vedanā. So adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti. 『Tasseva adukkhamasukhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā adukkhamasukhā vedanā sā nirujjhati, sā vūpasammatī』ti pajānāti.
-
『『Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, dvinnaṃ kaṭṭhānaṃ saṅghaṭṭā [samphassa (sī. pī.), saṅghaṭā (syā. kaṃ.)] samodhānā usmā jāyati, tejo abhinibbattati, tesaṃyeva dvinnaṃ kaṭṭhānaṃ nānābhāvā vikkhepā yā tajjā usmā sā nirujjhati, sā vūpasammati; evameva kho, bhikkhu, sukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhā vedanā. So sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti. 『Tasseva sukhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ sukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā sukhā vedanā sā nirujjhati, sā vūpasammatī』ti pajānāti.
-
『『Dukkhavedaniyaṃ, bhikkhu, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dukkhā vedanā. So dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti. 『Tasseva dukkhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ dukkhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā dukkhā vedanā sā nirujjhati, sā vūpasammatī』ti pajānāti.
-
"比丘,什麼是風界?風界可能是內在的,也可能是外在的。比丘,什麼是內在的風界?凡是內在的、個人的、風、風性的、被執取的,如上行風、下行風、腹中風、腸中風、遍行全身的風、入息、出息,或其他任何內在的、個人的、風、風性的、被執取的——比丘,這被稱為內在的風界。無論是內在的風界還是外在的風界,都只是風界。'這不是我的,這不是我,這不是我的自我'——應當以正確的智慧如實地看待它。如此以正確的智慧如實地看待后,就會厭離風界,使心離染于風界。
- "比丘,什麼是空界?空界可能是內在的,也可能是外在的。比丘,什麼是內在的空界?凡是內在的、個人的、空、空性的、被執取的,如耳孔、鼻孔、口腔,以及所吃、所喝、所咀嚼、所品嚐的東西通過的通道,所吃、所喝、所咀嚼、所品嚐的東西停留的地方,所吃、所喝、所咀嚼、所品嚐的東西從下部排出的通道,或其他任何內在的、個人的、空、空性的、空洞的、空洞性的、間隙的、間隙性的、不被肉和血接觸的、被執取的——比丘,這被稱為內在的空界。無論是內在的空界還是外在的空界,都只是空界。'這不是我的,這不是我,這不是我的自我'——應當以正確的智慧如實地看待它。如此以正確的智慧如實地看待后,就會厭離空界,使心離染于空界。
- "然後只剩下純凈、清澈的識。通過這個識他了知什麼?他了知'樂',了知'苦',了知'不苦不樂'。比丘,緣於樂受的觸而生起樂受。他在感受樂受時,了知'我正在感受樂受'。他了知'隨著那個樂受的觸的滅去,緣于那個樂受的觸而生起的樂受也滅去、平息'。
- "比丘,緣于苦受的觸而生起苦受。他在感受苦受時,了知'我正在感受苦受'。他了知'隨著那個苦受的觸的滅去,緣于那個苦受的觸而生起的苦受也滅去、平息'。
- "比丘,緣于不苦不樂受的觸而生起不苦不樂受。他在感受不苦不樂受時,了知'我正在感受不苦不樂受'。他了知'隨著那個不苦不樂受的觸的滅去,緣于那個不苦不樂受的觸而生起的不苦不樂受也滅去、平息'。
- "比丘,就像兩根木棒相互摩擦而生熱,產生火,當這兩根木棒分開、分散時,由此產生的熱就滅去、平息。同樣地,比丘,緣於樂受的觸而生起樂受。他在感受樂受時,了知'我正在感受樂受'。他了知'隨著那個樂受的觸的滅去,緣于那個樂受的觸而生起的樂受也滅去、平息'。
-
"比丘,緣于苦受的觸而生起苦受。他在感受苦受時,了知'我正在感受苦受'。他了知'隨著那個苦受的觸的滅去,緣于那個苦受的觸而生起的苦受也滅去、平息'。
-
『『Adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ , bhikkhu, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati adukkhamasukhā vedanā. So adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti. 『Tasseva adukkhamasukhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā adukkhamasukhā vedanā sā nirujjhati, sā vūpasammatī』ti pajānāti.
-
『『Athāparaṃ upekkhāyeva avasissati parisuddhā pariyodātā mudu ca kammaññā ca pabhassarā ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, dakkho suvaṇṇakāro vā suvaṇṇakārantevāsī vā ukkaṃ bandheyya, ukkaṃ bandhitvā ukkāmukhaṃ ālimpeyya, ukkāmukhaṃ ālimpetvā saṇḍāsena jātarūpaṃ gahetvā ukkāmukhe pakkhipeyya, tamenaṃ kālena kālaṃ abhidhameyya, kālena kālaṃ udakena paripphoseyya, kālena kālaṃ ajjhupekkheyya, taṃ hoti jātarūpaṃ [jātarūpaṃ dhantaṃ (sī. pī.)] sudhantaṃ niddhantaṃ nīhaṭaṃ [nihataṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] ninnītakasāvaṃ [nihatakasāvaṃ (ka.)] mudu ca kammaññañca pabhassarañca, yassā yassā ca piḷandhanavikatiyā ākaṅkhati – yadi paṭṭikāya [pavaṭṭikāya (sī. syā.)] yadi kuṇḍalāya yadi gīveyyakāya yadi suvaṇṇamālāya tañcassa atthaṃ anubhoti; evameva kho, bhikkhu, athāparaṃ upekkhāyeva avasissati parisuddhā pariyodātā mudu ca kammaññā ca pabhassarā ca.
-
『『So evaṃ pajānāti – 『imañce ahaṃ upekkhaṃ evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodātaṃ ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasaṃhareyyaṃ, tadanudhammañca cittaṃ bhāveyyaṃ. Evaṃ me ayaṃ upekkhā taṃnissitā tadupādānā ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Imañce ahaṃ upekkhaṃ evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodātaṃ viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasaṃhareyyaṃ, tadanudhammañca cittaṃ bhāveyyaṃ. Evaṃ me ayaṃ upekkhā taṃnissitā tadupādānā ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Imañce ahaṃ upekkhaṃ evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodātaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasaṃhareyyaṃ, tadanudhammañca cittaṃ bhāveyyaṃ. Evaṃ me ayaṃ upekkhā taṃnissitā tadupādānā ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Imañce ahaṃ upekkhaṃ evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodātaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasaṃhareyyaṃ, tadanudhammañca cittaṃ bhāveyyaṃ. Evaṃ me ayaṃ upekkhā taṃnissitā tadupādānā ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyyā』』』ti.
-
『『So evaṃ pajānāti – 『imañce ahaṃ upekkhaṃ evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodātaṃ ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasaṃhareyyaṃ, tadanudhammañca cittaṃ bhāveyyaṃ; saṅkhatametaṃ. Imañce ahaṃ upekkhaṃ evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodātaṃ viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasaṃhareyyaṃ, tadanudhammañca cittaṃ bhāveyyaṃ; saṅkhatametaṃ. Imañce ahaṃ upekkhaṃ evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodātaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasaṃhareyyaṃ, tadanudhammañca cittaṃ bhāveyyaṃ; saṅkhatametaṃ. Imañce ahaṃ upekkhaṃ evaṃ parisuddhaṃ evaṃ pariyodātaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasaṃhareyyaṃ, tadanudhammañca cittaṃ bhāveyyaṃ; saṅkhatameta』』』nti.
『『So neva taṃ abhisaṅkharoti, na abhisañcetayati bhavāya vā vibhavāya vā. So anabhisaṅkharonto anabhisañcetayanto bhavāya vā vibhavāya vā na kiñci loke upādiyati, anupādiyaṃ na paritassati, aparitassaṃ paccattaṃyeva parinibbāyati. 『Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā』ti pajānāti.
-
『『So sukhañce vedanaṃ vedeti, 『sā aniccā』ti pajānāti, 『anajjhositā』ti pajānāti, 『anabhinanditā』ti pajānāti. Dukkhañce vedanaṃ vedeti , 『sā aniccā』ti pajānāti, 『anajjhositā』ti pajānāti, 『anabhinanditā』ti pajānāti. Adukkhamasukhañce vedanaṃ vedeti, 『sā aniccā』ti pajānāti, 『anajjhositā』ti pajānāti, 『anabhinanditā』ti pajānāti.
-
『『So sukhañce vedanaṃ vedeti, visaṃyutto naṃ vedeti; dukkhañce vedanaṃ vedeti, visaṃyutto naṃ vedeti; adukkhamasukhañce vedanaṃ vedeti, visaṃyutto naṃ vedeti. So kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti, jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti, 『kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā idheva sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sītībhavissantī』ti pajānāti.
-
"比丘,緣于不苦不樂受的觸而生起不苦不樂受。他在感受不苦不樂受時,了知'我正在感受不苦不樂受'。他了知'隨著那個不苦不樂受的觸的滅去,緣于那個不苦不樂受的觸而生起的不苦不樂受也滅去、平息'。
- "然後只剩下純凈、清澈、柔軟、適業、明亮的舍。比丘,就像一個熟練的金匠或金匠的學徒,準備好爐子,準備好爐口,用鉗子夾住金子放入爐中,時而鼓風,時而灑水,時而觀察。那金子就變得精煉、純凈、去除雜質、柔軟、適業、明亮,可以製作任何想要的裝飾品,無論是頭飾、耳環、項鍊還是金鍊,都能達到目的。同樣地,比丘,然後只剩下純凈、清澈、柔軟、適業、明亮的舍。
- "他這樣了知:'如果我把這個如此純凈、如此清澈的舍導向空無邊處,並且培養與之相應的心,那麼這個舍依靠它、執取它,就會長時間持續。如果我把這個如此純凈、如此清澈的舍導向識無邊處,並且培養與之相應的心,那麼這個舍依靠它、執取它,就會長時間持續。如果我把這個如此純凈、如此清澈的舍導向無所有處,並且培養與之相應的心,那麼這個舍依靠它、執取它,就會長時間持續。如果我把這個如此純凈、如此清澈的舍導向非想非非想處,並且培養與之相應的心,那麼這個舍依靠它、執取它,就會長時間持續。'
- "他這樣了知:'如果我把這個如此純凈、如此清澈的舍導向空無邊處,並且培養與之相應的心,這是有為的。如果我把這個如此純凈、如此清澈的舍導向識無邊處,並且培養與之相應的心,這是有為的。如果我把這個如此純凈、如此清澈的舍導向無所有處,並且培養與之相應的心,這是有為的。如果我把這個如此純凈、如此清澈的舍導向非想非非想處,並且培養與之相應的心,這是有為的。' "他既不造作也不思慮有或非有。不造作、不思慮有或非有,他不執取世間的任何事物。不執取就不恐懼,不恐懼就自身證得涅槃。他了知:'生已盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,不受後有。'
- "如果他感受樂受,他了知'它是無常的',了知'不執著它',了知'不歡喜它'。如果他感受苦受,他了知'它是無常的',了知'不執著它',了知'不歡喜它'。如果他感受不苦不樂受,他了知'它是無常的',了知'不執著它',了知'不歡喜它'。
-
"如果他感受樂受,他不執著地感受它;如果他感受苦受,他不執著地感受它;如果他感受不苦不樂受,他不執著地感受它。當他感受身體最後的感受時,他了知'我正在感受身體最後的感受'。當他感受生命最後的感受時,他了知'我正在感受生命最後的感受'。他了知'身體壞滅后,生命終止后,就在此處,一切感受都將不再被歡喜,將變得冷卻'。
-
『『Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, telañca paṭicca vaṭṭiñca paṭicca telappadīpo jhāyati; tasseva telassa ca vaṭṭiyā ca pariyādānā aññassa ca anupahārā [anupāhārā (sī. pī.), anupādānā (ka.)] anāhāro nibbāyati; evameva kho, bhikkhu, kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti, jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno 『jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī』ti pajānāti, 『kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā idheva sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sītībhavissantī』ti pajānāti. Tasmā evaṃ samannāgato bhikkhu iminā paramena paññādhiṭṭhānena samannāgato hoti. Esā hi, bhikkhu, paramā ariyā paññā yadidaṃ – sabbadukkhakkhaye ñāṇaṃ.
-
『『Tassa sā vimutti sacce ṭhitā akuppā hoti. Tañhi, bhikkhu, musā yaṃ mosadhammaṃ, taṃ saccaṃ yaṃ amosadhammaṃ nibbānaṃ. Tasmā evaṃ samannāgato bhikkhu iminā paramena saccādhiṭṭhānena samannāgato hoti. Etañhi, bhikkhu, paramaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yadidaṃ – amosadhammaṃ nibbānaṃ.
-
『『Tasseva kho pana pubbe aviddasuno upadhī honti samattā samādinnā. Tyāssa pahīnā honti ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā evaṃ samannāgato bhikkhu iminā paramena cāgādhiṭṭhānena samannāgato hoti. Eso hi, bhikkhu, paramo ariyo cāgo yadidaṃ – sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo.
-
『『Tasseva kho pana pubbe aviddasuno abhijjhā hoti chando sārāgo. Svāssa pahīno hoti ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Tasseva kho pana pubbe aviddasuno āghāto hoti byāpādo sampadoso. Svāssa pahīno hoti ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Tasseva kho pana pubbe aviddasuno avijjā hoti sammoho. Svāssa pahīno hoti ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Tasmā evaṃ samannāgato bhikkhu iminā paramena upasamādhiṭṭhānena samannāgato hoti. Eso hi, bhikkhu, paramo ariyo upasamo yadidaṃ – rāgadosamohānaṃ upasamo. 『Paññaṃ nappamajjeyya, saccamanurakkheyya, cāgamanubrūheyya, santimeva so sikkheyyā』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
-
『『『Yattha ṭhitaṃ maññassavā nappavattanti, maññassave kho pana nappavattamāne muni santoti vuccatī』ti – iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? 『Asmī』ti, bhikkhu, maññitametaṃ, 『ayamahamasmī』ti maññitametaṃ, 『bhavissa』nti maññitametaṃ, 『na bhavissa』nti maññitametaṃ, 『rūpī bhavissa』nti maññitametaṃ, 『arūpī bhavissa』nti maññitametaṃ, 『saññī bhavissa』nti maññitametaṃ, 『asaññī bhavissa』nti maññitametaṃ, 『nevasaññīnāsaññī bhavissa』nti maññitametaṃ. Maññitaṃ, bhikkhu, rogo maññitaṃ gaṇḍo maññitaṃ sallaṃ. Sabbamaññitānaṃ tveva, bhikkhu, samatikkamā muni santoti vuccati. Muni kho pana, bhikkhu, santo na jāyati, na jīyati, na mīyati, na kuppati, na piheti. Tañhissa, bhikkhu, natthi yena jāyetha, ajāyamāno kiṃ jīyissati, ajīyamāno kiṃ mīyissati, amīyamāno kiṃ kuppissati, akuppamāno kissa [kiṃ (ka.)] pihessati? 『Yattha ṭhitaṃ maññassavā nappavattanti, maññassave kho pana nappavattamāne muni santoti vuccatī』ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ. Imaṃ kho me tvaṃ, bhikkhu, saṃkhittena chadhātuvibhaṅgaṃ dhārehī』』ti.
-
"比丘,就像依靠油和燈芯,油燈才能燃燒;當油和燈芯耗盡,沒有其他供給時,由於無食,油燈就會熄滅。同樣地,比丘,當他感受身體最後的感受時,他了知'我正在感受身體最後的感受'。當他感受生命最後的感受時,他了知'我正在感受生命最後的感受'。他了知'身體壞滅后,生命終止后,就在此處,一切感受都將不再被歡喜,將變得冷卻'。因此,具備這些的比丘就具備了這最高的智慧住處。比丘,這就是最高的聖智慧,即:一切苦滅盡的智。
- "他的解脫建立在真實上,不動搖。比丘,凡是虛妄的就是假的,凡是不虛妄的涅槃就是真實的。因此,具備這些的比丘就具備了這最高的真實住處。比丘,這就是最高的聖諦,即:不虛妄的涅槃。
- "以前他無知時,有諸多執取和執著。現在這些已被斷除,根除,如截斷的棕櫚樹,成為非有,未來不再生起。因此,具備這些的比丘就具備了這最高的舍離住處。比丘,這就是最高的聖舍離,即:舍離一切執取。
- "以前他無知時,有貪慾、慾望、貪愛。現在這些已被斷除,根除,如截斷的棕櫚樹,成為非有,未來不再生起。以前他無知時,有嗔恨、惡意、敵意。現在這些已被斷除,根除,如截斷的棕櫚樹,成為非有,未來不再生起。以前他無知時,有無明、愚癡。現在這些已被斷除,根除,如截斷的棕櫚樹,成為非有,未來不再生起。因此,具備這些的比丘就具備了這最高的寂靜住處。比丘,這就是最高的聖寂靜,即:貪、嗔、癡的寂靜。'不應放逸智慧,應護持真實,應增長舍離,應學習寂靜'——這就是為什麼這樣說。
-
"'住於此處,虛妄想不再生起,當虛妄想不再生起時,稱為寂靜的牟尼'——這是如是說的。為什麼這樣說呢?比丘,'我是'是一種虛妄想,'我是這個'是一種虛妄想,'我將存在'是一種虛妄想,'我將不存在'是一種虛妄想,'我將是有色的'是一種虛妄想,'我將是無色的'是一種虛妄想,'我將是有想的'是一種虛妄想,'我將是無想的'是一種虛妄想,'我將是非想非非想的'是一種虛妄想。比丘,虛妄想是一種病,虛妄想是一種瘡,虛妄想是一種箭。比丘,超越一切虛妄想,稱為寂靜的牟尼。比丘,寂靜的牟尼不生、不老、不死、不動搖、不羨慕。比丘,他沒有會導致出生的,不出生怎麼會衰老,不衰老怎麼會死亡,不死亡怎麼會動搖,不動搖為什麼會羨慕?'住於此處,虛妄想不再生起,當虛妄想不再生起時,稱為寂靜的牟尼'——這就是為什麼這樣說。比丘,你要記住我簡要地解說的這個六界分別。"
-
Atha kho āyasmā pukkusāti – 『『satthā kira me anuppatto, sugato kira me anuppatto sammāsambuddho kira me anuppatto』』ti uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – 『『accayo maṃ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yohaṃ bhagavantaṃ āvusovādena samudācaritabbaṃ amaññissaṃ. Tassa me, bhante, bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā』』ti. 『『Taggha tvaṃ, bhikkhu, accayo accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ , yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ āvusovādena samudācaritabbaṃ amaññittha. Yato ca kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarosi, taṃ te mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhihesā, bhikkhu, ariyassa vinaye yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti, āyatiṃ saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī』』ti. 『『Labheyyāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike upasampada』』nti. 『『Paripuṇṇaṃ pana te, bhikkhu, pattacīvara』』nti? 『『Na kho me, bhante, paripuṇṇaṃ pattacīvara』』nti. 『『Na kho, bhikkhu, tathāgatā aparipuṇṇapattacīvaraṃ upasampādentī』』ti.
Atha kho āyasmā pukkusāti bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pattacīvarapariyesanaṃ pakkāmi. Atha kho āyasmantaṃ pukkusātiṃ pattacīvarapariyesanaṃ carantaṃ vibbhantā gāvī [bhantagāvī (sī. pī.), gāvī (syā. kaṃ.)] jīvitā voropesi. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – 『『yo so, bhante, pukkusāti nāma kulaputto bhagavatā saṃkhittena ovādena ovadito so kālaṅkato. Tassa kā gati, ko abhisamparāyo』』ti? 『『Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, pukkusāti kulaputto paccapādi dhammassānudhammaṃ, na ca maṃ dhammādhikaraṇaṃ vihesesi [viheṭhesi (sī. syā. kaṃ.) viheseti (ka.)]. Pukkusāti, bhikkhave, kulaputto pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā』』ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Dhātuvibhaṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ.
-
Saccavibhaṅgasuttaṃ
-
這時,尊者富樓迦舍想:"我的老師來了,我的善逝來了,我的正等正覺者來了。"他從座位起身,整理上衣,以頭面禮世尊足,對世尊說:"尊者,我犯了過錯,如愚人、如癡人、如不善者,我竟然以'朋友'稱呼世尊。請世尊接受我的懺悔,爲了將來的約束。" "比丘,你確實犯了過錯,如愚人、如癡人、如不善者,你竟然以'朋友'稱呼我。但是,比丘,既然你已經看到過錯為過錯,並如法懺悔,我們接受你的懺悔。比丘,在聖者的律中,這是一種進步:看到過錯為過錯,如法懺悔,並在將來約束自己。" "尊者,我能否在世尊面前受具足戒?" "比丘,你的缽和衣具備了嗎?" "尊者,我的缽和衣還不具備。" "比丘,如來不給缽衣不具備的人授具足戒。" 於是尊者富樓迦舍歡喜讚歎世尊所說,從座位起身,禮敬世尊,右繞后離去尋找缽和衣。當尊者富樓迦舍在尋找缽和衣時,一頭迷路的牛奪去了他的生命。 這時,許多比丘來到世尊處。來到后,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘對世尊說:"尊者,那位名叫富樓迦舍的族姓子,被世尊簡要地教導後去世了。他的去處如何,未來如何?" "比丘們,富樓迦舍族姓子是智者,他如法修行,不因法而煩擾我。比丘們,富樓迦舍族姓子已斷盡五下分結,是化生者,將在那裡般涅槃,不再從那世界回來。" 世尊說了這些。那些比丘滿意歡喜世尊所說。 第十 界分別經終
-
諦分別經
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – 『『bhikkhavo』』ti. 『『Bhadante』』ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
『『Tathāgatena, bhikkhave, arahatā sammāsambuddhena bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ, yadidaṃ – catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ, dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ, dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ. Tathāgatena, bhikkhave, arahatā sammāsambuddhena bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ , yadidaṃ – imesaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ.
『『Sevatha, bhikkhave, sāriputtamoggallāne; bhajatha, bhikkhave, sāriputtamoggallāne. Paṇḍitā bhikkhū anuggāhakā sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, janetā [janetti (sī. pī.)], evaṃ sāriputto; seyyathāpi jātassa āpādetā, evaṃ moggallāno. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, sotāpattiphale vineti, moggallāno uttamatthe. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, pahoti cattāri ariyasaccāni vitthārena ācikkhituṃ desetuṃ paññāpetuṃ paṭṭhapetuṃ vivarituṃ vibhajituṃ uttānīkātu』』nti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.
- Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto acirapakkantassa bhagavato bhikkhū āmantesi – 『『āvuso, bhikkhave』』ti. 『『Āvuso』』ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
『『Tathāgatena, āvuso, arahatā sammāsambuddhena bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ, yadidaṃ – catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ, dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ, dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ.
- 如是我聞:一時,世尊住在波羅奈城(現今印度瓦拉納西市)仙人落處的鹿野苑。在那裡,世尊對比丘們說:"比丘們。"那些比丘回答說:"尊者。"世尊如是說: "比丘們,如來、阿羅漢、正等正覺者在波羅奈城仙人落處的鹿野苑轉無上法輪,這法輪是沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵或世間任何人都無法逆轉的,也就是:宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋四聖諦。哪四種?宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋苦聖諦,宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋苦集聖諦,宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋苦滅聖諦,宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋導向苦滅的道聖諦。比丘們,如來、阿羅漢、正等正覺者在波羅奈城仙人落處的鹿野苑轉無上法輪,這法輪是沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵或世間任何人都無法逆轉的,也就是:宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋這四聖諦。 "比丘們,你們要親近舍利弗和目犍連;比丘們,你們要結交舍利弗和目犍連。他們是智者,是同梵行者的幫助者。比丘們,舍利弗就像生母,目犍連就像養母。比丘們,舍利弗教導人證得預流果,目犍連教導人達到最高目標。比丘們,舍利弗能夠詳細地宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋四聖諦。"世尊說了這些。說完后,善逝從座位起身,進入精舍。
-
這時,在世尊離去不久后,尊者舍利弗對比丘們說:"賢友們,比丘們。"那些比丘回答尊者舍利弗說:"賢友。"尊者舍利弗如是說: "賢友們,如來、阿羅漢、正等正覺者在波羅奈城仙人落處的鹿野苑轉無上法輪,這法輪是沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵或世間任何人都無法逆轉的,也就是:宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋四聖諦。哪四種?宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋苦聖諦,宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋苦集聖諦,宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋苦滅聖諦,宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋導向苦滅的道聖諦。
-
『『Katamañcāvuso, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, maraṇampi dukkhaṃ, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsāpi dukkhā, yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ; saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā.
『『Katamā cāvuso, jāti? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jāti sañjāti okkanti abhinibbatti khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『jāti』』』.
『『Katamā cāvuso, jarā? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『jarā』』』.
『『Katamañcāvuso, maraṇaṃ? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālaṃkiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo jīvitindriyassupacchedo, idaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『maraṇaṃ』』』.
『『Katamo cāvuso, soko? Yo kho, āvuso, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa soko socanā socitattaṃ antosoko antoparisoko, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『soko』』』.
『『Katamo cāvuso, paridevo? Yo kho, āvuso, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa ādevo paridevo ādevanā paridevanā ādevitattaṃ paridevitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『paridevo』』』.
『『Katamañcāvuso, dukkhaṃ? Yaṃ kho, āvuso, kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ kāyikaṃ asātaṃ kāyasamphassajaṃ dukkhaṃ asātaṃ vedayitaṃ, idaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『dukkhaṃ』』』.
『『Katamañcāvuso, domanassaṃ? Yaṃ kho, āvuso, cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetasikaṃ asātaṃ manosamphassajaṃ dukkhaṃ asātaṃ vedayitaṃ, idaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『domanassaṃ』』』.
『『Katamo cāvuso, upāyāso? Yo kho, āvuso, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa āyāso upāyāso āyāsitattaṃ upāyāsitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『upāyāso』』』.
『『Katamañcāvuso, yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ? Jātidhammānaṃ, āvuso, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati – 『aho vata, mayaṃ na jātidhammā assāma; na ca, vata, no jāti āgaccheyyā』ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ. Idampi – 『yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ』. Jarādhammānaṃ, āvuso, sattānaṃ…pe… byādhidhammānaṃ, āvuso, sattānaṃ… maraṇadhammānaṃ, āvuso, sattānaṃ… sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammānaṃ, āvuso, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati – 『aho vata, mayaṃ na sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā assāma ; na ca, vata, no sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā āgaccheyyu』nti . Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ. Idampi – 『yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ』』』.
『『Katame cāvuso, saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime vuccantāvuso – 『saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā』. Idaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ』』』.
- 『『Katamañcāvuso, dukkhasamudayaṃ [dukkhasamudayo (syā. kaṃ.)] ariyasaccaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā [ponobhavikā (sī. pī.)] nandīrāgasahagatā [nandirāgasahagatā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā bhavataṇhā vibhavataṇhā , idaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『dukkhasamudayaṃ [dukkhasamudayo (syā. kaṃ.)] ariyasaccaṃ』』』.
『『Katamañcāvuso, dukkhanirodhaṃ [dukkhanirodho (syā. kaṃ.)] ariyasaccaṃ? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo, idaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『dukkhanirodhaṃ [dukkhanirodho (syā. kaṃ.)] ariyasaccaṃ』』』.
- "賢友們,什麼是苦聖諦?生是苦,老是苦,死是苦,憂、悲、苦、憂、惱也是苦,所欲不得也是苦;簡而言之,五取蘊是苦。 "賢友們,什麼是生?各種眾生在各種眾生群中的出生、產生、降生、誕生、蘊的顯現、處的獲得,這稱為'生'。 "賢友們,什麼是老?各種眾生在各種眾生群中的衰老、老朽、牙齒脫落、頭髮變白、面板皺褶、壽命損減、諸根衰退,這稱為'老'。 "賢友們,什麼是死?各種眾生從各種眾生群中的逝去、離世、破滅、消失、死亡、命終、諸蘊的分離、身體的捨棄、命根的斷絕,這稱為'死'。 "賢友們,什麼是憂?賢友們,遭遇某種不幸,被某種苦法觸及時的憂愁、悲傷、憂愁狀態、內心的憂愁、內心的極度憂愁,這稱為'憂'。 "賢友們,什麼是悲?賢友們,遭遇某種不幸,被某種苦法觸及時的哀嘆、悲嘆、哀嘆狀態、悲嘆狀態,這稱為'悲'。 "賢友們,什麼是苦?賢友們,身體的痛苦、身體的不適、由身體接觸產生的痛苦、不適的感受,這稱為'苦'。 "賢友們,什麼是憂?賢友們,心理的痛苦、心理的不適、由意識接觸產生的痛苦、不適的感受,這稱為'憂'。 "賢友們,什麼是惱?賢友們,遭遇某種不幸,被某種苦法觸及時的煩惱、極度煩惱、煩惱狀態、極度煩惱狀態,這稱為'惱'。 "賢友們,什麼是所欲不得也是苦?賢友們,對於有生之法的眾生會生起這樣的願望:'啊,但願我們不是有生之法;但願生不會來到我們身上。'但這不是通過願望就能達到的。這就是'所欲不得也是苦'。對於有老之法的眾生......有病之法的眾生......有死之法的眾生......有憂、悲、苦、憂、惱之法的眾生會生起這樣的願望:'啊,但願我們不是有憂、悲、苦、憂、惱之法;但願憂、悲、苦、憂、惱不會來到我們身上。'但這不是通過願望就能達到的。這就是'所欲不得也是苦'。 "賢友們,什麼是簡而言之五取蘊是苦?即:色取蘊、受取蘊、想取蘊、行取蘊、識取蘊。這稱為'簡而言之五取蘊是苦'。賢友們,這稱為'苦聖諦'。"
-
"賢友們,什麼是苦集聖諦?就是這個導致再生、伴隨喜貪、處處歡喜的渴愛,即:欲愛、有愛、無有愛。賢友們,這稱為'苦集聖諦'。 "賢友們,什麼是苦滅聖諦?就是對那個渴愛的無餘離貪、滅盡、舍離、解脫、無執著。賢友們,這稱為'苦滅聖諦'。
-
『『Katamañcāvuso, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.
『『Katamācāvuso, sammādiṭṭhi? Yaṃ kho, āvuso, dukkhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『sammādiṭṭhi』』』.
『『Katamo cāvuso, sammāsaṅkappo? Nekkhammasaṅkappo, abyāpādasaṅkappo , avihiṃsāsaṅkappo, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『sammāsaṅkappo』』』.
『『Katamā cāvuso, sammāvācā? Musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『sammāvācā』』』.
『『Katamo cāvuso, sammākammantī? Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『sammākammanto』』』.
『『Katamo cāvuso, sammāājīvo? Idhāvuso, ariyasāvako micchāājīvaṃ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvikaṃ kappeti, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『sammāājīvo』』』.
『『Katamo cāvuso, sammāvāyāmo? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『sammāvāyāmo』』』.
『『Katamā cāvuso, sammāsati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati…pe… citte cittānupassī viharati… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『sammāsati』』』.
『『Katamo cāvuso, sammāsamādhi? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ… viharati, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『sammāsamādhi』. Idaṃ vuccatāvuso – 『dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ』』』.
『『Tathāgatenāvuso, arahatā sammāsambuddhena bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ, yadidaṃ – imesaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkamma』』nti.
Idamavoca āyasmā sāriputto. Attamanā te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Saccavibhaṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ ekādasamaṃ.
-
Dakkhiṇāvibhaṅgasuttaṃ
-
"賢友們,什麼是導向苦滅的道聖諦?就是這八支聖道,即:正見、正思惟、正語、正業、正命、正精進、正念、正定。 "賢友們,什麼是正見?賢友們,對苦的知識,對苦集的知識,對苦滅的知識,對導向苦滅之道的知識,這稱為'正見'。 "賢友們,什麼是正思惟?出離思惟、無恨思惟、無害思惟,這稱為'正思惟'。 "賢友們,什麼是正語?離虛妄語、離兩舌、離惡口、離綺語,這稱為'正語'。 "賢友們,什麼是正業?離殺生、離不與取、離欲邪行,這稱為'正業'。 "賢友們,什麼是正命?賢友們,在此聖弟子捨棄邪命,以正當的方式謀生,這稱為'正命'。 "賢友們,什麼是正精進?賢友們,在此比丘爲了未生起的惡不善法不生起而生欲、努力、發勤、策勵、不放逸;爲了已生起的惡不善法斷除而生欲、努力、發勤、策勵、不放逸;爲了未生起的善法生起而生欲、努力、發勤、策勵、不放逸;爲了已生起的善法住立、不忘失、增長、廣大、修習、圓滿而生欲、努力、發勤、策勵、不放逸,這稱為'正精進'。 "賢友們,什麼是正念?賢友們,在此比丘于身隨觀身而住,熱誠、正知、正念,調伏世間的貪憂。于受隨觀受而住......於心隨觀心而住......於法隨觀法而住,熱誠、正知、正念,調伏世間的貪憂,這稱為'正念'。 "賢友們,什麼是正定?賢友們,在此比丘離欲、離不善法,有尋有伺,由離生喜樂,成就並住于初禪。尋伺寂靜,內心安靜,心一境性,無尋無伺,由定生喜樂,成就並住于第二禪。離喜而住,舍、念、正知......成就並住于第三禪,這稱為'正定'。賢友們,這稱為'導向苦滅的道聖諦'。 "賢友們,如來、阿羅漢、正等正覺者在波羅奈城仙人落處的鹿野苑轉無上法輪,這法輪是沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵或世間任何人都無法逆轉的,也就是:宣說、教導、建立、開顯、分別、解釋這四聖諦。" 尊者舍利弗如是說。那些比丘滿意歡喜尊者舍利弗所說。 第十一 諦分別經終
-
佈施分別經
-
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho mahāpajāpati [mahāpajāpatī (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] gotamī navaṃ dussayugaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho mahāpajāpati gotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – 『『idaṃ me, bhante, navaṃ dussayugaṃ bhagavantaṃ uddissa sāmaṃ kantaṃ sāmaṃ vāyitaṃ. Taṃ me, bhante, bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṃ upādāyā』』ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā mahāpajāpatiṃ gotamiṃ etadavoca – 『『saṅghe, gotami, dehi. Saṅghe te dinne ahañceva pūjito bhavissāmi saṅgho cā』』ti. Dutiyampi kho mahāpajāpati gotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – 『『idaṃ me, bhante, navaṃ dussayugaṃ bhagavantaṃ uddissa sāmaṃ kantaṃ sāmaṃ vāyitaṃ. Taṃ me, bhante, bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṃ upādāyā』』ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā mahāpajāpatiṃ gotamiṃ etadavoca – 『『saṅghe, gotami, dehi. Saṅghe te dinne ahañceva pūjito bhavissāmi saṅgho cā』』ti. Tatiyampi kho mahāpajāpati gotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – 『『idaṃ me, bhante, navaṃ dussayugaṃ bhagavantaṃ uddissa sāmaṃ kantaṃ sāmaṃ vāyitaṃ. Taṃ me, bhante, bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu anukampaṃ upādāyā』』ti. Tatiyampi kho bhagavā mahāpajāpatiṃ gotamiṃ etadavoca – 『『saṅghe, gotami, dehi . Saṅghe te dinne ahañceva pūjito bhavissāmi saṅgho cā』』ti.
-
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – 『『paṭiggaṇhātu, bhante, bhagavā mahāpajāpatiyā gotamiyā navaṃ dussayugaṃ. Bahūpakārā [bahukārā (syā. kaṃ.)], bhante, mahāpajāpati gotamī bhagavato mātucchā āpādikā posikā khīrassa dāyikā; bhagavantaṃ janettiyā kālaṅkatāya thaññaṃ pāyesi. Bhagavāpi, bhante, bahūpakāro mahāpajāpatiyā gotamiyā. Bhagavantaṃ, bhante, āgamma mahāpajāpati gotamī buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā. Bhagavantaṃ, bhante, āgamma mahāpajāpati gotamī pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā. Bhagavantaṃ, bhante, āgamma mahāpajāpati gotamī buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā , dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgatā, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgatā ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgatā. Bhagavantaṃ, bhante, āgamma mahāpajāpati gotamī dukkhe nikkaṅkhā, dukkhasamudaye nikkaṅkhā, dukkhanirodhe nikkaṅkhā, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya nikkaṅkhā. Bhagavāpi, bhante, bahūpakāro mahāpajāpatiyā gotamiyā』』ti.
-
『『Evametaṃ , ānanda. Yaṃ hānanda, puggalo puggalaṃ āgamma buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, imassānanda, puggalassa iminā puggalena na suppatikāraṃ vadāmi, yadidaṃ – abhivādana-paccuṭṭhāna-añjalikamma sāmīcikammacīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilā- nappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānena.
『『Yaṃ hānanda, puggalo puggalaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti, imassānanda, puggalassa iminā puggalena na suppatikāraṃ vadāmi, yadidaṃ – abhivādana-paccuṭṭhāna-añjalikamma-sāmīcikammacīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilā- nappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānena.
『『Yaṃ hānanda, puggalo puggalaṃ āgamma buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti, dhamme… saṅghe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti, imassānanda, puggalassa iminā puggalena na suppatikāraṃ vadāmi, yadidaṃ – abhivādana-paccuṭṭhāna-añjalikamma-sāmīcikammacīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilā- nappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānena.
『『Yaṃ hānanda, puggalo puggalaṃ āgamma dukkhe nikkaṅkho hoti, dukkhasamudaye nikkaṅkho hoti, dukkhanirodhe nikkaṅkho hoti, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya nikkaṅkho hoti, imassānanda, puggalassa iminā puggalena na suppatikāraṃ vadāmi, yadidaṃ – abhivādana-paccuṭṭhānaañjalikamma-sāmīcikamma-cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilā- nappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānena.
- 如是我聞:一時,世尊住在釋迦族的迦毗羅衛城(現今尼泊爾藍毗尼附近)尼拘律園。這時,大愛道瞿曇彌帶著一套新衣來到世尊處。來到后,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的大愛道瞿曇彌對世尊說:"尊者,這套新衣是我親自為世尊紡織的。請世尊出於慈悲接受它。"世尊如是說:"瞿曇彌,請供養給僧團。供養給僧團,你就同時供養了我和僧團。"第二次大愛道瞿曇彌又對世尊說:"尊者,這套新衣是我親自為世尊紡織的。請世尊出於慈悲接受它。"第二次世尊又對大愛道瞿曇彌說:"瞿曇彌,請供養給僧團。供養給僧團,你就同時供養了我和僧團。"第三次大愛道瞿曇彌又對世尊說:"尊者,這套新衣是我親自為世尊紡織的。請世尊出於慈悲接受它。"第三次世尊又對大愛道瞿曇彌說:"瞿曇彌,請供養給僧團。供養給僧團,你就同時供養了我和僧團。"
- 這時,尊者阿難對世尊說:"尊者,請世尊接受大愛道瞿曇彌的新衣。尊者,大愛道瞿曇彌對世尊有很大恩德。她是世尊的姨母,撫養者,哺乳者。世尊的生母去世后,她給世尊哺乳。尊者,世尊對大愛道瞿曇彌也有很大恩德。尊者,因為世尊,大愛道瞿曇彌皈依了佛、法、僧。尊者,因為世尊,大愛道瞿曇彌遠離了殺生、不與取、邪淫、妄語、飲酒。尊者,因為世尊,大愛道瞿曇彌對佛具足不壞信,對法具足不壞信,對僧具足不壞信,具足聖者所愛戒。尊者,因為世尊,大愛道瞿曇彌對苦無疑惑,對苦集無疑惑,對苦滅無疑惑,對導向苦滅之道無疑惑。尊者,世尊對大愛道瞿曇彌也有很大恩德。"
-
"阿難,確實如此。阿難,如果一個人因另一個人而皈依佛、法、僧,我說這個人無法充分報答那個人的恩德,即使以禮敬、起立、合掌、恭敬、供養衣服、飲食、住處、病人所需藥品也不能。 "阿難,如果一個人因另一個人而遠離殺生、不與取、邪淫、妄語、飲酒,我說這個人無法充分報答那個人的恩德,即使以禮敬、起立、合掌、恭敬、供養衣服、飲食、住處、病人所需藥品也不能。 "阿難,如果一個人因另一個人而對佛具足不壞信,對法......對僧......具足聖者所愛戒,我說這個人無法充分報答那個人的恩德,即使以禮敬、起立、合掌、恭敬、供養衣服、飲食、住處、病人所需藥品也不能。 "阿難,如果一個人因另一個人而對苦無疑惑,對苦集無疑惑,對苦滅無疑惑,對導向苦滅之道無疑惑,我說這個人無法充分報答那個人的恩德,即使以禮敬、起立、合掌、恭敬、供養衣服、飲食、住處、病人所需藥品也不能。
-
『『Cuddasa kho panimānanda, pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Katamā cuddasa? Tathāgate arahante sammāsambuddhe dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ paṭhamā pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Paccekasambuddhe [paccekabuddhe (sī. pī.)] dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ dutiyā pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Tathāgatasāvake arahante dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ tatiyā pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ catutthī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Anāgāmissa dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ pañcamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ chaṭṭhī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Sakadāgāmissa dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ sattamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ aṭṭhamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Sotāpanne dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ navamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ dasamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Bāhirake kāmesu vītarāge dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ ekādasamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Puthujjanasīlavante dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ dvādasamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Puthujjanadussīle dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ terasamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇā. Tiracchānagate dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ cuddasamī pāṭipuggalikā dakkhiṇāti.
『『Tatrānanda, tiracchānagate dānaṃ datvā sataguṇā dakkhiṇā pāṭikaṅkhitabbā, puthujjanadussīle dānaṃ datvā sahassaguṇā dakkhiṇā pāṭikaṅkhitabbā, puthujjanasīlavante dānaṃ datvā satasahassaguṇā dakkhiṇā pāṭikaṅkhitabbā, bāhirake kāmesu vītarāge dānaṃ datvā koṭisatasahassaguṇā dakkhiṇā pāṭikaṅkhitabbā, sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne dānaṃ datvā asaṅkheyyā appameyyā dakkhiṇā pāṭikaṅkhitabbā, ko pana vādo sotāpanne, ko pana vādo sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne, ko pana vādo sakadāgāmissa, ko pana vādo anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne, ko pana vādo anāgāmissa, ko pana vādo arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne, ko pana vādo arahante, ko pana vādo paccekasambuddhe, ko pana vādo tathāgate arahante sammāsambuddhe!
- 『『Satta kho panimānanda, saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā. Katamā satta? Buddhappamukhe ubhatosaṅghe dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ paṭhamā saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā. Tathāgate parinibbute ubhatosaṅghe dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ dutiyā saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā. Bhikkhusaṅghe dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ tatiyā saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā. Bhikkhunisaṅghe dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ catutthī saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā. 『Ettakā me bhikkhū ca bhikkhuniyo ca saṅghato uddissathā』ti dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ pañcamī saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā. 『Ettakā me bhikkhū saṅghato uddissathā』ti dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ chaṭṭhī saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā. 『Ettakā me bhikkhuniyo saṅghato uddissathā』ti dānaṃ deti – ayaṃ sattamī saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā.
『『Bhavissanti kho panānanda, anāgatamaddhānaṃ gotrabhuno kāsāvakaṇṭhā dussīlā pāpadhammā. Tesu dussīlesu saṅghaṃ uddissa dānaṃ dassanti. Tadāpāhaṃ, ānanda, saṅghagataṃ dakkhiṇaṃ asaṅkheyyaṃ appameyyaṃ vadāmi. Na tvevāhaṃ, ānanda, kenaci pariyāyena saṅghagatāya dakkhiṇāya pāṭipuggalikaṃ dānaṃ mahapphalataraṃ vadāmi.
- "阿難,有這十四種對個人的佈施。哪十四種?佈施給如來、阿羅漢、正等正覺者——這是第一種對個人的佈施。佈施給辟支佛——這是第二種對個人的佈施。佈施給如來的阿羅漢弟子——這是第三種對個人的佈施。佈施給正在修證阿羅漢果的人——這是第四種對個人的佈施。佈施給阿那含——這是第五種對個人的佈施。佈施給正在修證阿那含果的人——這是第六種對個人的佈施。佈施給斯陀含——這是第七種對個人的佈施。佈施給正在修證斯陀含果的人——這是第八種對個人的佈施。佈施給須陀洹——這是第九種對個人的佈施。佈施給正在修證須陀洹果的人——這是第十種對個人的佈施。佈施給已離欲的外道——這是第十一種對個人的佈施。佈施給持戒的凡夫——這是第十二種對個人的佈施。佈施給不持戒的凡夫——這是第十三種對個人的佈施。佈施給畜生——這是第十四種對個人的佈施。 "阿難,佈施給畜生可期望百倍的果報,佈施給不持戒的凡夫可期望千倍的果報,佈施給持戒的凡夫可期望十萬倍的果報,佈施給已離欲的外道可期望千萬億倍的果報,佈施給正在修證須陀洹果的人可期望無量無數的果報,更不用說佈施給須陀洹,更不用說佈施給正在修證斯陀含果的人,更不用說佈施給斯陀含,更不用說佈施給正在修證阿那含果的人,更不用說佈施給阿那含,更不用說佈施給正在修證阿羅漢果的人,更不用說佈施給阿羅漢,更不用說佈施給辟支佛,更不用說佈施給如來、阿羅漢、正等正覺者!
-
"阿難,有這七種對僧團的佈施。哪七種?佈施給以佛為首的比丘僧團和比丘尼僧團——這是第一種對僧團的佈施。在如來入滅后佈施給比丘僧團和比丘尼僧團——這是第二種對僧團的佈施。佈施給比丘僧團——這是第三種對僧團的佈施。佈施給比丘尼僧團——這是第四種對僧團的佈施。佈施時說'請從僧團中指派這麼多比丘和比丘尼'——這是第五種對僧團的佈施。佈施時說'請從僧團中指派這麼多比丘'——這是第六種對僧團的佈施。佈施時說'請從僧團中指派這麼多比丘尼'——這是第七種對僧團的佈施。 "阿難,在未來,將會有一些只是披著袈裟的人,不持戒、惡法。即使對這些不持戒的人,以僧團的名義佈施,我也說那是無量無數的功德。阿難,我絕不說任何對個人的佈施會比對僧團的佈施有更大的果報。
-
『『Catasso kho imā, ānanda, dakkhiṇā visuddhiyo. Katamā catasso? Atthānanda, dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato. Atthānanda, dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati no dāyakato. Atthānanda, dakkhiṇā neva dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato. Atthānanda, dakkhiṇā dāyakato ceva visujjhati paṭiggāhakato ca.
『『Kathañcānanda, dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato? Idhānanda, dāyako hoti sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo, paṭiggāhakā honti dussīlā pāpadhammā – evaṃ kho, ānanda, dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato.
『『Kathañcānanda, dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati no dāyakato? Idhānanda, dāyako hoti dussīlo pāpadhammo, paṭiggāhakā honti sīlavanto [sīlavantā (sī.)] kalyāṇadhammā – evaṃ kho, ānanda, dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati no dāyakato.
『『Kathañcānanda, dakkhiṇā neva dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato? Idhānanda, dāyako ca hoti dussīlo pāpadhammo, paṭiggāhakā ca honti dussīlā pāpadhammā – evaṃ kho, ānanda, dakkhiṇā neva dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato.
『『Kathañcānanda, dakkhiṇā dāyakato ceva visujjhati paṭiggāhakato ca? Idhānanda, dāyako ca hoti sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo, paṭiggāhakā ca honti sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā – evaṃ kho, ānanda, dakkhiṇā dāyakato ceva visujjhati paṭiggāhakato ca. Imā kho, ānanda, catasso dakkhiṇā visuddhiyo』』ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
- "阿難,有這四種佈施的清凈。哪四種?阿難,有的佈施從施主方面清凈,而不從受施者方面清凈。阿難,有的佈施從受施者方面清凈,而不從施主方面清凈。阿難,有的佈施既不從施主方面清凈,也不從受施者方面清凈。阿難,有的佈施既從施主方面清凈,也從受施者方面清凈。 "阿難,怎樣的佈施從施主方面清凈,而不從受施者方面清凈?阿難,在這裡,施主持戒、具善法,而受施者不持戒、惡法——阿難,這樣的佈施從施主方面清凈,而不從受施者方面清凈。 "阿難,怎樣的佈施從受施者方面清凈,而不從施主方面清凈?阿難,在這裡,施主不持戒、惡法,而受施者持戒、具善法——阿難,這樣的佈施從受施者方面清凈,而不從施主方面清凈。 "阿難,怎樣的佈施既不從施主方面清凈,也不從受施者方面清凈?阿難,在這裡,施主不持戒、惡法,受施者也不持戒、惡法——阿難,這樣的佈施既不從施主方面清凈,也不從受施者方面清凈。 "阿難,怎樣的佈施既從施主方面清凈,也從受施者方面清凈?阿難,在這裡,施主持戒、具善法,受施者也持戒、具善法——阿難,這樣的佈施既從施主方面清凈,也從受施者方面清凈。阿難,這就是四種佈施的清凈。" 世尊說了這些。說完后,善逝、導師又說了以下偈頌:
382.
『『Yo sīlavā dussīlesu dadāti dānaṃ,
Dhammena laddhaṃ [laddhā (sī. pī.)] supasannacitto;
Abhisaddahaṃ kammaphalaṃ uḷāraṃ,
Sā dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati.
『『Yo dussīlo sīlavantesu dadāti dānaṃ,
Adhammena laddhaṃ appasannacitto;
Anabhisaddahaṃ kammaphalaṃ uḷāraṃ,
Sā dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati.
『『Yo dussīlo dussīlesu dadāti dānaṃ,
Adhammena laddhaṃ appasannacitto;
Anabhisaddahaṃ kammaphalaṃ uḷāraṃ,
Na taṃ dānaṃ vipulapphalanti brūmi.
『『Yo sīlavā sīlavantesu dadāti dānaṃ,
Dhammena laddhaṃ supasannacitto;
Abhisaddahaṃ kammaphalaṃ uḷāraṃ,
Taṃ ve dānaṃ vipulapphalanti brūmi [sā dakkhiṇā nevubhato visujjhati (sī. pī.)].
『『Yo vītarāgo vītarāgesu dadāti dānaṃ,
Dhammena laddhaṃ supasannacitto;
Abhisaddahaṃ kammaphalaṃ uḷāraṃ,
Taṃ ve dānaṃ āmisadānānamagga』』 [taṃ ve dānaṃ vipulanti brūmi (sī.)] nti.
Dakkhiṇāvibhaṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dvādasamaṃ.
Vibhaṅgavaggo niṭṭhito catuttho.
Tassuddānaṃ –
Bhaddekānandakaccāna, lomasakaṅgiyāsubho;
Mahākammasaḷāyatanavibhaṅgā, uddesaaraṇā dhātu saccaṃ.
Dakkhiṇāvibhaṅgasuttanti.
382. "持戒者施予不持戒者, 以正當方式獲得的財物,心懷凈信; 深信業果廣大, 這佈施從施主方面清凈。 不持戒者施予持戒者, 以非正當方式獲得的財物,心無凈信; 不信業果廣大, 這佈施從受施者方面清凈。 不持戒者施予不持戒者, 以非正當方式獲得的財物,心無凈信; 不信業果廣大, 我說這佈施不會有廣大果報。 持戒者施予持戒者, 以正當方式獲得的財物,心懷凈信; 深信業果廣大, 我說這佈施確實有廣大果報。 離貪者施予離貪者, 以正當方式獲得的財物,心懷凈信; 深信業果廣大, 我說這佈施是物質佈施中最上等的。" 佈施分別經終,第十二。 分別品終,第四。 其摘要如下: 賢善、阿難、迦旃延、羅摩沙、蘇跋、 大業、六處分別、分別、總說、無諍、界、諦、 佈施分別經。