B01010411pañcasatikakkhandhakaṃ(五十經)c3.5s

Pañcasatikakkhandhakaṃ
Saṅgītinidānaṃ
Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhikkhū āmantesi – 『『ekamidāhaṃ, āvuso, samayaṃ pāvāya kusināraṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi. Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdiṃ.

[dī. ni. 2.231] 『『Tena kho pana samayena aññataro ājīvako kusinārāya mandāravapupphaṃ gahetvā pāvaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno hoti. Addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso, taṃ ājīvakaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna taṃ ājīvakaṃ etadavocaṃ – 『apāvuso, amhākaṃ satthāraṃ jānāsī』ti? 『Āmāvuso, jānāmi. Ajja sattāhaparinibbuto samaṇo gotamo. Tato me idaṃ mandāravapupphaṃ gahita』nti. Tatrāvuso, ye te bhikkhū avītarāgā appekacce bāhā paggayha kandanti, chinnapātaṃ papatanti, āvaṭṭanti, vivaṭṭanti – atikhippaṃ bhagavā parinibbuto, atikhippaṃ sugato parinibbuto, atikhippaṃ cakkhuṃ loke antarahitanti. Ye pana te bhikkhū vītarāgā te satā sampajānā adhivāsenti – aniccā saṅkhārā, taṃ kutettha labbhāti.

『『Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, te bhikkhū etadavocaṃ – 『alaṃ, āvuso, mā socittha; mā paridevittha. Nanvetaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā paṭikacceva akkhātaṃ – sabbeheva piyehi manāpehi nānābhāvo vinābhāvo aññathābhāvo. Taṃ kutettha āvuso labbhā, yaṃ taṃ jātaṃ bhūtaṃ saṅkhataṃ palokadhammaṃ, taṃ vata mā palujjīti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī』ti.

『『Tena kho panāvuso, samayena subhaddo nāma vuḍḍhapabbajito tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti . Atha kho, āvuso, subhaddo vuḍḍhapabbajito te bhikkhū etadavoca – 『alaṃ, āvuso, mā socittha; mā paridevittha. Sumuttā mayaṃ tena mahāsamaṇena ; upaddutā ca mayaṃ homa – idaṃ vo kappati, idaṃ vo na kappatīti. Idāni pana mayaṃ yaṃ icchissāma taṃ karissāma, yaṃ na icchissāma na taṃ karissāmā』ti. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyāma. Pure adhammo dippati [dibbati (ka.)], dhammo paṭibāhiyyati; pure avinayo dippati vinayo paṭibāhiyyati; pure adhammavādino balavanto honti, dhammavādino dubbalā honti; pure avinayavādino balavanto honti, vinayavādino dubbalā hontī』』ti.

『『Tena hi, bhante, thero bhikkhū uccinatū』』ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo ekenūnapañcaarahantasatāni uccini. Bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavocuṃ – 『『ayaṃ, bhante, āyasmā ānando kiñcāpi sekkho, abhabbo chandā dosā mohā bhayā agatiṃ gantuṃ. Bahu ca anena bhagavato santike dhammo ca vinayo ca pariyatto. Tena hi, bhante, thero āyasmantampi ānandaṃ uccinatū』』ti . Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantampi ānandaṃ uccini.

Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – 『『kattha nu kho mayaṃ dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyāmā』』ti? Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – 『『rājagahaṃ kho mahāgocaraṃ pahūtasenāsanaṃ, yaṃnūna mayaṃ rājagahe vassaṃ vasantā dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyāma. Na aññe bhikkhū rājagahe vassaṃ upagaccheyyu』』nti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

這是11. 五百結集結集緣起那時，尊者大迦葉對比丘們說道:"朋友們,有一次我從波婆(Pāvā)前往拘尸那羅(Kusināra)途中,與大比丘眾約五百位比丘同行。朋友們,那時我離開大路,在一棵樹下坐下。 "當時,有一位阿耆毗外道從拘尸那羅拿著曼陀羅花前往波婆。朋友們,我遠遠地看見那位阿耆毗外道走來。看見后,我對那位阿耆毗外道說:'朋友,你知道我們的導師嗎?''是的,朋友,我知道。沙門喬達摩七天前已般涅槃。我從那裡拿到這朵曼陀羅花。'朋友們,在那裡,那些還未離欲的比丘,有些舉起雙臂哭泣,有些倒地打滾,有些來回打轉,說道:'世尊太快般涅槃了,善逝太快般涅槃了,世間的眼目太快消失了。'但那些已離欲的比丘,則正念正知地忍受:'諸行無常,從哪裡能得到不滅呢?' "朋友們,那時我對那些比丘說:'夠了,朋友們,不要悲傷,不要哀嘆。朋友們,世尊不是早就說過嗎 - 一切可愛可意之物必有別離、分散、變異。朋友們,凡是生、有、有為、壞滅之法,怎能不壞滅呢?這是不可能的。' "朋友們,當時有一位名叫須跋陀的年老出家者坐在那群人中。朋友們,那時須跋陀年老出家者對那些比丘說:'夠了,朋友們,不要悲傷,不要哀嘆。我們已經擺脫了那位大沙門;我們一直被他煩擾 - 這個可以,那個不可以。現在我們想做什麼就做什麼,不想做什麼就不做。'朋友們,來吧,讓我們結集法與律。以免非法興盛,正法衰微;以免非律興盛,正律衰微;以免非法論者強盛,持法論者衰弱;以免非律論者強盛,持律論者衰弱。" "那麼,尊者,請長老選擇比丘吧。"於是尊者大迦葉選出四百九十九位阿羅漢。比丘們對尊者大迦葉說:"尊者,這位尊者阿難雖然還是有學,但不可能因貪、嗔、癡、怖而走向偏袒。他從世尊那裡學到了很多法和律。因此,尊者,請長老也選擇尊者阿難。"於是尊者大迦葉也選擇了尊者阿難。那時,長老比丘們想:"我們應該在哪裡結集法與律呢?"長老比丘們想:"王舍城(Rājagaha)是個大城市,有很多住處,我們應該在王舍城度過雨安居,結集法與律。其他比丘不應該在王舍城度過雨安居。" 然後尊者大迦葉向僧團宣佈:

『『Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho imāni pañca bhikkhusatāni sammanneyya – rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti. Esā ñatti.

『『Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Imāni pañca bhikkhusatāni sammannati – rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti. Yassāyasmato khamati imesaṃ pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ sammuti – rājagahe vassaṃ vasantānaṃ dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti – so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.

『『Sammatāni saṅghena imāni pañca bhikkhusatāni rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī』』ti.

Atha kho therā bhikkhū rājagahaṃ agamaṃsu dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ. Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – 『『bhagavatā kho, āvuso, khaṇḍaphullappaṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ vaṇṇitaṃ. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, paṭhamaṃ māsaṃ khaṇḍaphullaṃ paṭisaṅkharoma; majjhimaṃ māsaṃ sannipatitvā dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyissāmā』』ti.

Atha kho therā bhikkhū paṭhamaṃ māsaṃ khaṇḍaphullaṃ paṭisaṅkhariṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā ānando – sve sannipāto [sannipātoti (ka.)] na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ, yohaṃ sekkho samāno sannipātaṃ gaccheyyanti – bahudeva rattiṃ kāyagatāya satiyā vītināmetvā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ 『nipajjissāmī』ti kāyaṃ āvajjesi. Appattañca sīsaṃ bibbohanaṃ, bhūmito ca pādā muttā. Etasmiṃ antare anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucci.

Atha kho āyasmā ānando arahā samāno sannipātaṃ agamāsi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

『『Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ upāliṃ vinayaṃ puccheyya』』nti.

Āyasmā upāli saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

『『Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ āyasmatā mahākassapena vinayaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya』』nti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ etadavoca – 『『paṭhamaṃ, āvuso upāli , pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta』』nti? 『『Vesāliyaṃ bhante』』ti. 『『Kaṃ ārabbhā』』ti? 『『Sudinnaṃ kalandaputtaṃ ārabbhā』』ti. 『『Kismiṃ vatthusmi』』nti? 『『Methunadhamme』』ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ paṭhamassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi. 『『Dutiyaṃ panāvuso upāli, pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta』』nti? 『『Rājagahe bhante』』ti. 『『Kaṃ ārabbhā』』ti? 『『Dhaniyaṃ kumbhakāraputtaṃ ārabbhā』』ti. 『『Kismiṃ vatthusmi』』nti? 『『Adinnādāne』』ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ dutiyassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi. 『『Tatiyaṃ panāvuso upāli, pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta』』nti? 『『Vesāliyaṃ bhante』』ti. 『『Kaṃ ārabbhā』』ti? 『『Sambahule bhikkhū ārabbhā』』ti. 『『Kismiṃ vatthusmi』』nti? 『『Manussaviggahe』』ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ tatiyassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi. 『『Catutthaṃ panāvuso upāli, pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta』』nti? 『『Vesāliyaṃ bhante』』ti. 『『Kaṃ ārabbhā』』ti? 『『Vaggumudātīriye bhikkhū ārabbhā』』ti. 『『Kismiṃ vatthusmi』』nti? 『『Uttarimanussadhamme』』ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ catutthassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi. Eteneva upāyena ubhatovibhaṅge pucchi. Puṭṭho puṭṭho āyasmā upāli vissajjesi.

"朋友們,請聽我說。如果僧團認為時機已到,僧團應當指定這五百位比丘在王舍城度過雨安居,結集法與律,其他比丘不應在王舍城度過雨安居。這是動議。朋友們,請聽我說。僧團正在指定這五百位比丘在王舍城度過雨安居,結集法與律,其他比丘不應在王舍城度過雨安居。哪位尊者同意指定這五百位比丘在王舍城度過雨安居,結集法與律,其他比丘不應在王舍城度過雨安居,請保持沉默;誰不同意,請說出來。僧團已經指定這五百位比丘在王舍城度過雨安居,結集法與律,其他比丘不應在王舍城度過雨安居。僧團同意,因此保持沉默。我如此認定。" 然後,長老比丘們前往王舍城結集法與律。那時,長老比丘們想:"朋友們,世尊讚歎修補破損之處。朋友們,來吧,讓我們第一個月修補破損之處;中間的月份我們聚集起來結集法與律。" 於是長老比丘們在第一個月修補破損之處。那時,尊者阿難想:"明天就是集會了。我還是有學,不適合參加集會。"他整夜專注于身念,到了凌晨時分想要躺下,身體傾斜,頭還未觸及枕頭,雙腳剛離地,就在這個間隙中,他的心無取著而從諸漏中解脫。然後,尊者阿難成為阿羅漢后參加了集會。那時,尊者大迦葉向僧團宣佈: "朋友們,請聽我說。如果僧團認為時機已到,我將詢問優波離關於律的問題。" 尊者優波離向僧團宣佈: "大德們,請聽我說。如果僧團認為時機已到,我將回答尊者大迦葉關於律的問題。" 然後,尊者大迦葉對尊者優波離說:"朋友優波離,第一波羅夷在哪裡制定的?""大德,在毗舍離(Vesālī)。""關於誰?""關於善生迦蘭陀子。""什麼事?""淫慾法。"然後尊者大迦葉詢問尊者優波離關於第一波羅夷的緣起、因緣、人物、制定、補充制定、犯戒和不犯戒。"朋友優波離,第二波羅夷在哪裡制定的?""大德,在王舍城。""關於誰?""關於陶師子達尼耶。""什麼事?""不與取。"然後尊者大迦葉詢問尊者優波離關於第二波羅夷的緣起、因緣、人物、制定、補充制定、犯戒和不犯戒。"朋友優波離,第三波羅夷在哪裡制定的?""大德,在毗舍離。""關於誰?""關於眾多比丘。""什麼事?""殺人。"然後尊者大迦葉詢問尊者優波離關於第三波羅夷的緣起、因緣、人物、制定、補充制定、犯戒和不犯戒。"朋友優波離,第四波羅夷在哪裡制定的?""大德,在毗舍離。""關於誰?""關於瓦基河畔的比丘們。""什麼事?""妄稱上人法。"然後尊者大迦葉詢問尊者優波離關於第四波羅夷的緣起、因緣、人物、制定、補充制定、犯戒和不犯戒。以同樣的方式,他詢問了兩部分別。尊者優波離回答了每一個問題。

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

『『Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ ānandaṃ dhammaṃ puccheyya』』nti.

Āyasmā ānando saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

『『Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ āyasmatā mahākassapena dhammaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya』』nti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – 『『brahmajālaṃ, āvuso ānanda, kattha bhāsita』』nti? 『『Antarā ca, bhante, rājagahaṃ antarā ca nāḷandaṃ rājāgārake ambalaṭṭhikāyā』』ti. 『『Kaṃ ārabbhā』』ti? 『『Suppiyañca paribbājakaṃ brahmadattañca māṇava』』nti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ brahmajālassa nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi. 『『Sāmaññaphalaṃ panāvuso ānanda, kattha bhāsita』』nti? 『『Rājagahe, bhante, jīvakambavane』』ti. 『『Kena saddhi』』nti? 『『Ajātasattunā vedehiputtena saddhi』』nti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ sāmaññaphalassa nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi. Eteneva upāyena pañcapi nikāye pucchi. Puṭṭho puṭṭho āyasmā ānando vissajjesi.

Khuddānukhuddakasikkhāpadakathā
Atha kho āyasmā ānando there bhikkhū etadavoca – 『『bhagavā maṃ, bhante, parinibbānakāle evamāha – 『ākaṅkhamāno, ānanda, saṅgho mamaccayena khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni samūhaneyyā』』』ti. 『『Pucchi pana tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bhagavantaṃ – 『katamāni pana, bhante, khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』』』ti? 『『Na khohaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ pucchiṃ – 『katamāni pana, bhante, khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』』ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – 『『cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā, avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』』ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – 『『cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā , terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā, avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』』ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – 『『cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā, terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā, dve aniyate ṭhapetvā, avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』』ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – 『『cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā, terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā, dve aniyate ṭhapetvā, tiṃsa nissaggiye pācittiye ṭhapetvā, avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』』ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – 『『cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā, terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā, dve aniyate ṭhapetvā, tiṃsa nissaggiye pācittiye ṭhapetvā, dvenavuti pācittiye ṭhapetvā, avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』』ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – 『『cattāri pārājikāni ṭhapetvā, terasa saṅghādisese ṭhapetvā, dve aniyate ṭhapetvā, tiṃsa nissaggiye pācittiye ṭhapetvā, dvenavuti pācittiye ṭhapetvā, cattāro pāṭidesanīye ṭhapetvā, avasesāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』』ti.

然後,尊者大迦葉向僧團宣佈: "朋友們,請聽我說。如果僧團認為時機已到,我將詢問阿難關於法的問題。" 尊者阿難向僧團宣佈: "大德們,請聽我說。如果僧團認為時機已到,我將回答尊者大迦葉關於法的問題。" 然後,尊者大迦葉對尊者阿難說:"朋友阿難,《梵網經》是在哪裡宣說的?""大德,是在王舍城和那爛陀之間的王家芒果園中。""關於誰?""關於遊行者須毗耶和青年梵摩達多。"然後尊者大迦葉詢問尊者阿難關於《梵網經》的因緣和人物。"朋友阿難,《沙門果經》是在哪裡宣說的?""大德,是在王舍城的耆婆芒果園。""與誰一起?""與阿阇世王韋提希子一起。"然後尊者大迦葉詢問尊者阿難關於《沙門果經》的因緣和人物。以同樣的方式,他詢問了五部尼柯耶。尊者阿難回答了每一個問題。關於小小學處的討論然後,尊者阿難對長老比丘們說:"大德們,世尊在般涅槃時對我這樣說:'阿難,如果僧團願意,在我去世后可以廢除小小學處。'"(有比丘問:)"朋友阿難,你有沒有問世尊:'大德,什麼是小小學處?'"(阿難回答:)"大德們,我沒有問世尊:'大德,什麼是小小學處?'"有些長老這樣說:"除了四波羅夷,其餘的都是小小學處。"有些長老這樣說:"除了四波羅夷和十三僧殘,其餘的都是小小學處。"有些長老這樣說:"除了四波羅夷、十三僧殘和兩不定法,其餘的都是小小學處。"有些長老這樣說:"除了四波羅夷、十三僧殘、兩不定法和三十捨墮,其餘的都是小小學處。"有些長老這樣說:"除了四波羅夷、十三僧殘、兩不定法、三十捨墮和九十二單墮,其餘的都是小小學處。"有些長老這樣說:"除了四波羅夷、十三僧殘、兩不定法、三十捨墮、九十二單墮和四悔過法,其餘的都是小小學處。"

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

『『Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Santamhākaṃ sikkhāpadāni gihigatāni. Gihinopi jānanti – 『idaṃ vo samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ kappati, idaṃ vo na kappatī』ti. Sace mayaṃ khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni samūhanissāma, bhavissanti vattāro – 『dhūmakālikaṃ samaṇena gotamena sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ. Yāvimesaṃ satthā aṭṭhāsi tāvime sikkhāpadesu sikkhiṃsu. Yato imesaṃ satthā parinibbuto, na dānime sikkhāpadesu sikkhantī』ti. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho appaññattaṃ nappaññapeyya, paññattaṃ na samucchindeyya, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vatteyya. Esā ñatti.

『『Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Santamhākaṃ sikkhāpadāni gihigatāni. Gihinopi jānanti – 『idaṃ vo samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ kappati, idaṃ vo na kappatī』ti. Sace mayaṃ khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni samūhanissāma, bhavissanti vattāro – 『dhūmakālikaṃ samaṇena gotamena sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ . Yāvimesaṃ satthā aṭṭhāsi tāvime sikkhāpadesu sikkhiṃsu. Yato imesaṃ satthā parinibbuto, na dānime sikkhāpadesu sikkhantī』ti. Saṅgho appaññattaṃ nappaññapeti, paññattaṃ na samucchindati, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vattati. Yassāyasmato khamati appaññattassa appaññāpanā, paññattassa asamucchedo, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vattanā, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.

『『Saṅgho appaññattaṃ nappaññapeti, paññattaṃ na samucchindati, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vattati. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī』』ti.

Atha kho therā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocuṃ – 『『idaṃ te, āvuso ānanda, dukkaṭaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ bhagavantaṃ na pucchi – 『katamāni pana, bhante, khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』ti. Desehi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. 『『Ahaṃ kho, bhante, assatiyā bhagavantaṃ na pucchiṃ – 『katamāni pana, bhante, khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadānī』ti. Nāhaṃ taṃ dukkaṭaṃ passāmi, api cāyasmantānaṃ saddhāya desemi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. 『『Idampi te, āvuso ānanda, dukkaṭaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ bhagavato vassikasāṭikaṃ akkamitvā sibbesi. Desehi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. 『『Ahaṃ kho, bhante, na agāravena bhagavato vassikasāṭikaṃ akkamitvā sibbesiṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ dukkaṭaṃ passāmi, api cāyasmantānaṃ saddhāya desemi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. 『『Idampi te, āvuso ānanda, dukkaṭaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ mātugāmehi bhagavato sarīraṃ paṭhamaṃ vandāpesi, tāsaṃ rodantīnaṃ bhagavato sarīraṃ assukena makkhitaṃ. Desehi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. Ahaṃ kho, bhante – māyimāsaṃ [māyimā (sī. syā.)] vikāle ahesunti – mātugāmehi bhagavato sarīraṃ paṭhamaṃ vandāpesiṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ dukkaṭaṃ passāmi, api cāyasmantānaṃ saddhāya desemi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. 『『Idampi te, āvuso ānanda, dukkaṭaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ bhagavatā oḷārike nimitte kayiramāne, oḷārike obhāse kayiramāne, na bhagavantaṃ yāci – 『tiṭṭhatu bhagavā kappaṃ, tiṭṭhatu sugato kappaṃ, bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna』nti. Desehi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. 『『Ahaṃ kho, bhante, mārena pariyuṭṭhitacitto na bhagavantaṃ yāciṃ – 『tiṭṭhatu bhagavā kappaṃ, tiṭṭhatu sugato kappaṃ, bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna』nti. Nāhaṃ taṃ dukkaṭaṃ passāmi, api cāyasmantānaṃ saddhāya desemi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. 『『Idampi te, āvuso ānanda, dukkaṭaṃ yaṃ tvaṃ mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye pabbajjaṃ ussukkaṃ akāsi. Desehi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti. 『『Ahaṃ kho, bhante, ayaṃ mahāpajāpati gotamī bhagavato mātucchā āpādikā posikā khīrassa dāyikā bhagavantaṃ janettiyā kālaṅkatāya thaññaṃ pāyesīti mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye pabbajjaṃ ussukkaṃ akāsiṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ dukkaṭaṃ passāmi, api cāyasmantānaṃ saddhāya desemi taṃ dukkaṭa』』nti.

然後,尊者大迦葉向僧團宣佈: "朋友們,請聽我說。我們有些學處已為在家人所知。在家人也知道:'這個是允許釋迦子沙門做的,這個是不允許釋迦子沙門做的。'如果我們廢除小小學處,將會有人說:'沙門喬達摩為弟子制定的學處只是暫時的。只要他們的導師還在世,他們就遵守這些學處。現在他們的導師已經般涅槃,他們就不再遵守這些學處了。'如果僧團認為時機已到,僧團不應制定未制定的,不應廢除已制定的,應該如所制定的學處那樣遵守實行。這是動議。朋友們,請聽我說。我們有些學處已為在家人所知。在家人也知道:'這個是允許釋迦子沙門做的,這個是不允許釋迦子沙門做的。'如果我們廢除小小學處,將會有人說:'沙門喬達摩為弟子制定的學處只是暫時的。只要他們的導師還在世,他們就遵守這些學處。現在他們的導師已經般涅槃,他們就不再遵守這些學處了。'僧團不制定未制定的,不廢除已制定的,如所制定的學處那樣遵守實行。哪位尊者同意不制定未制定的,不廢除已制定的,如所制定的學處那樣遵守實行,請保持沉默;誰不同意,請說出來。僧團不制定未制定的,不廢除已制定的,如所制定的學處那樣遵守實行。僧團同意,因此保持沉默。我如此認定。" 然後,長老比丘們對尊者阿難說:"朋友阿難,你犯了惡作,因為你沒有問世尊:'大德,什麼是小小學處?'請懺悔這個惡作。""大德們,我因為忘記而沒有問世尊:'大德,什麼是小小學處?'我不認為這是惡作,但我出於對尊者們的信仰而懺悔這個惡作。""朋友阿難,你還犯了惡作,因為你踩著世尊的雨浴衣縫補。請懺悔這個惡作。""大德們,我不是出於不恭敬而踩著世尊的雨浴衣縫補的。我不認為這是惡作,但我出於對尊者們的信仰而懺悔這個惡作。""朋友阿難,你還犯了惡作,因為你讓女人們先禮拜世尊的遺體,她們哭泣時眼淚沾濕了世尊的遺體。請懺悔這個惡作。""大德們,我是想著'不要讓她們錯過時機'而讓女人們先禮拜世尊的遺體的。我不認為這是惡作,但我出於對尊者們的信仰而懺悔這個惡作。""朋友阿難,你還犯了惡作,因為當世尊顯示如此明顯的徵兆,如此明顯的暗示時,你沒有請求世尊:'愿世尊住世一劫,愿善逝住世一劫,爲了眾生的利益,爲了眾生的安樂,出於對世間的悲憫,爲了天人的利益、福祉和安樂。'請懺悔這個惡作。""大德們,我當時被魔羅迷惑了心智,所以沒有請求世尊:'愿世尊住世一劫,愿善逝住世一劫,爲了眾生的利益,爲了眾生的安樂,出於對世間的悲憫,爲了天人的利益、福祉和安樂。'我不認為這是惡作,但我出於對尊者們的信仰而懺悔這個惡作。""朋友阿難,你還犯了惡作,因為你努力讓女人在如來宣說的法律中出家。請懺悔這個惡作。""大德們,我是考慮到大愛道喬達彌是世尊的姨母,是撫養者,是哺乳者,在世尊生母去世后給世尊餵奶,所以我努力讓女人在如來宣說的法律中出家。我不認為這是惡作,但我出於對尊者們的信仰而懺悔這個惡作。"

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā purāṇo dakkhiṇāgirismiṃ cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi. Atha kho āyasmā purāṇo therehi bhikkhūhi dhamme ca vinaye ca saṅgīte dakkhiṇāgirismiṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ yena veḷuvanaṃ kalandakanivāpo yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā therehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammoditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ purāṇaṃ therā bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – 『『therehi, āvuso purāṇa, dhammo ca vinayo ca saṅgīto. Upehi taṃ saṅgīti』』nti. 『『Susaṅgītāvuso, therehi dhammo ca vinayo ca. Apica yatheva mayā bhagavato sammukhā sutaṃ, sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ, tathevāhaṃ dhāressāmī』』ti.
Brahmadaṇḍakathā

那時,尊者富樓那正在南山(Dakkhiṇāgiri)遊行,與大比丘眾約五百位比丘同行。當長老比丘們結集法和律后,尊者富樓那在南山隨意住了一段時間,然後前往王舍城的竹林栗鼠feeding ground,去見長老比丘們。到達后,與長老比丘們互相問候,然後坐在一旁。長老比丘們對坐在一旁的尊者富樓那說:"朋友富樓那,長老們已經結集了法和律。請你接受這個結集。"(富樓那回答:)"朋友們,長老們很好地結集了法和律。但是,我將按照我親自從世尊那裡聽到和接受的來記持。" 關於梵罰的討論

Atha kho āyasmā ānando there bhikkhū etadavoca – 『『bhagavā maṃ, bhante, parinibbānakāle evamāha – 『tena hānanda, saṅgho mamaccayena channassa bhikkhuno brahmadaṇḍaṃ āṇāpetū』』』ti . 『『Pucchi pana tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bhagavantaṃ – 『katamo pana, bhante, brahmadaṇḍo』』』ti? 『『Pucchiṃ khohaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ – 『katamo pana, bhante, brahmadaṇḍo』』』ti? 『『Channo, ānanda, bhikkhu yaṃ iccheyya taṃ vadeyya. Bhikkhūhi channo bhikkhu neva vattabbo, na ovaditabbo, nānusāsitabbo』』ti. 『『Tena hāvuso ānanda, tvaṃyeva channassa bhikkhuno brahmadaṇḍaṃ āṇāpehī』』ti. 『『Kathāhaṃ, bhante, channassa bhikkhuno brahmadaṇḍaṃ āṇāpemi, caṇḍo so bhikkhu pharuso』』ti? 『Tena hāvuso ānanda, bahukehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ gacchāhī』』ti. 『『Evaṃ bhante』』ti kho āyasmā ānando therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭissutvā mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi nāvāya ujjavanikāya kosambiṃ ujjavi, nāvāya paccorohitvā rañño udenassa [utenassa (ka.)] uyyānassa avidūre aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Tena kho pana samayena rājā udeno uyyāne paricāresi saddhiṃ orodhena. Assosi kho rañño udenassa orodho – 『『amhākaṃ kira ācariyo ayyo ānando uyyānassa avidūre aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisinno』』ti. Atha kho rañño udenassa orodho rājānaṃ udenaṃ etadavoca – 『『amhākaṃ kira, deva, ācariyo ayyo ānando uyyānassa avidūre aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisinno. Icchāma mayaṃ, deva, ayyaṃ ānandaṃ passitu』』nti. 『『Tena hi tumhe samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ passathā』』ti.

然後,尊者阿難對長老比丘們說:"大德們,世尊在般涅槃時對我這樣說:'阿難,那麼僧團在我去世后應該對車匿比丘實施梵罰。'"(有比丘問:)"朋友阿難,你有沒有問世尊:'大德,什麼是梵罰?'"(阿難回答:)"大德們,我確實問了世尊:'大德,什麼是梵罰?'(世尊回答:)'阿難,讓車匿比丘想說什麼就說什麼。比丘們不應該對車匿比丘說話,不應該勸告他,不應該教導他。'"(長老比丘們說:)"那麼,朋友阿難,你就去對車匿比丘宣佈梵罰吧。"(阿難說:)"大德們,我怎麼能對車匿比丘宣佈梵罰呢?那個比丘很粗暴,很兇猛。"(長老比丘們說:)"那麼,朋友阿難,你帶著許多比丘一起去吧。"尊者阿難回答長老比丘們說:"好的,大德們。"然後他與大比丘眾約五百位比丘乘船沿河而上,到達憍賞彌(Kosambī)。下船后,他在優陀延王(Udena)的園林不遠處的一棵樹下坐下。那時,優陀延王正與後宮妃嬪在園林中游玩。優陀延王的後宮聽說:"據說我們的老師尊者阿難在園林不遠處的一棵樹下坐著。"於是優陀延王的後宮對優陀延王說:"陛下,據說我們的老師尊者阿難在園林不遠處的一棵樹下坐著。陛下,我們想去見尊者阿難。""那麼,你們去見沙門阿難吧。"

Atha kho rañño udenassa orodho yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rañño udenassa orodhaṃ āyasmā ānando dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi . Atha kho rañño udenassa orodho āyasmatā ānandena dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito āyasmato ānandassa pañca uttarāsaṅgasatāni pādāsi. Atha kho rañño udenassa orodho āyasmato ānandassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena rājā udeno tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho rājā udeno orodhaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna orodhaṃ etadavoca – 『『api nu kho tumhe samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ passitthā』』ti? 『『Apassimhā kho mayaṃ, deva, ayyaṃ ānanda』』nti. 『『Api nu tumhe samaṇassa ānandassa kiñci adatthā』』ti? 『『Adamhā kho mayaṃ, deva, ayyassa ānandassa pañca uttarāsaṅgasatānī』』ti. Rājā udeno ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – 『『kathañhi nāma samaṇo ānando tāva bahuṃ cīvaraṃ paṭiggahessati! Dussavāṇijjaṃ vā samaṇo ānando karissati, paggāhikasālaṃ vā pasāressatī』』ti!

Atha kho rājā udeno yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājā udeno āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – 『『āgamā nu khvidha, bho ānanda, amhākaṃ orodho』』ti? 『『Āgamāsi kho te idha, mahārāja, orodho』』ti. 『『Api pana bhoto ānandassa kiñci adāsī』』ti? 『『Adāsi kho me, mahārāja, pañca uttarāsaṅgasatānī』』ti. 『『Kiṃ pana bhavaṃ ānando tāva bahuṃ cīvaraṃ karissatī』』ti? 『『Ye [ye pana (ka.)] te, mahārāja, bhikkhū dubbalacīvarā tehi saddhiṃ saṃvibhajissāmī』』ti. 『『Yāni kho pana, bho ānanda, porāṇakāni dubbalacīvarāni tāni kathaṃ karissathā』』ti? 『『Tāni, mahārāja, uttarattharaṇaṃ karissāmā』』ti. 『『Yāni pana, bho ānanda, porāṇakāni uttarattharaṇāni tāni kathaṃ karissathā』』ti? 『『Tāni, mahārāja, bhisicchaviyo karissāmā』』ti. 『『Yā pana, bho ānanda, porāṇakā bhisicchaviyo tā kathaṃ karissathā』』ti? 『『Tā, mahārāja, bhūmattharaṇaṃ karissāmā』』ti. 『『Yāni pana, bho ānanda, porāṇakāni bhūmattharaṇāni tāni kathaṃ karissathā』』ti? 『『Tāni, mahārāja, pādapuñchaniyo karissāmā』』ti. 『『Yā pana, bho ānanda, porāṇakā pādapuñchaniyo tā kathaṃ karissathā』』ti?. 『『Tā, mahārāja, rajoharaṇaṃ karissāmā』』ti. 『『Yāni pana, bho ānanda, porāṇakāni rajoharaṇāni tāni kathaṃ karissathā』』ti? 『『Tāni, mahārāja, koṭṭetvā cikkhallena madditvā paribhaṇḍaṃ limpissāmā』』ti.

Atha kho rājā udeno – sabbevime samaṇā sakyaputtiyā yoniso upanenti, na kulavaṃ gamentīti – āyasmato ānandassa aññānipi pañca dussasatāni pādāsi. Ayañcarahi āyasmato ānandassa paṭhamaṃ cīvarabhikkhā uppajji cīvarasahassaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena ghositārāmo tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho āyasmā channo yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ channaṃ āyasmā ānando etadavoca – 『『saṅghena te, āvuso channa, brahmadaṇḍo āṇāpito』』ti.

然後,優陀延王的後宮來到尊者阿難那裡,向尊者阿難禮拜後坐在一旁。尊者阿難對坐在一旁的優陀延王的後宮以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、使之歡喜。優陀延王的後宮被尊者阿難以法語開示、勸導、鼓勵、使之歡喜后,贈送了五百件上衣給尊者阿難。然後,優陀延王的後宮歡喜隨喜尊者阿難所說,從座位起身,向尊者阿難禮拜,右繞后離開,前往優陀延王那裡。優陀延王遠遠地看見後宮走來。看見后,對後宮說:"你們見到沙門阿難了嗎?""陛下,我們見到尊者阿難了。""你們有沒有給沙門阿難什麼東西?""陛下,我們給了尊者阿難五百件上衣。"優陀延王抱怨、不滿、責備說:"沙門阿難怎麼能接受這麼多衣服呢!沙門阿難是要做布商嗎,還是要開布店嗎!" 然後,優陀延王來到尊者阿難那裡,與尊者阿難互相問候。寒暄禮節后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的優陀延王對尊者阿難說:"阿難先生,我的後宮來過這裡嗎?""大王,你的後宮來過這裡。""阿難先生,他們有沒有給你什麼東西?""大王,他們給了我五百件上衣。""阿難先生,你要這麼多衣服做什麼?""大王,我要與那些衣服少的比丘們分享。""阿難先生,那些舊的破衣服你們怎麼處理?""大王,我們用它們做床單。""那些舊的床單你們怎麼處理?""大王,我們用它們做床墊套。""那些舊的床墊套你們怎麼處理?""大王,我們用它們做地毯。""那些舊的地毯你們怎麼處理?""大王,我們用它們做擦腳布。""那些舊的擦腳布你們怎麼處理?""大王,我們用它們做抹布。""那些舊的抹布你們怎麼處理?""大王,我們把它們撕碎,和泥混在一起,用來粉刷墻壁。" 然後,優陀延王想:"這些釋迦子沙門們確實善用一切,不浪費。"於是又贈送了另外五百件布給尊者阿難。這是尊者阿難第一次得到衣物供養,共一千件衣服。然後,尊者阿難來到瞿師多園,坐在準備好的座位上。然後,尊者車匿來到尊者阿難那裡,向尊者阿難禮拜後坐在一旁。尊者阿難對坐在一旁的尊者車匿說:"朋友車匿,僧團已經對你宣佈了梵罰。"

『『Katamo pana, bhante ānanda, brahmadaṇḍo āṇāpito』』ti? 『『Tvaṃ, āvuso channa, bhikkhū yaṃ iccheyyāsi taṃ vadeyyāsi. Bhikkhūhi tvaṃ neva vattabbo, na ovaditabbo, nānusāsitabbo』』ti. 『『Nanvāhaṃ, bhante ānanda, hato ettāvatā, yatohaṃ bhikkhūhi neva vattabbo, na ovaditabbo, nānusāsitabbo』』ti tattheva mucchito papato. Atha kho āyasmā channo brahmadaṇḍena aṭṭīyamāno harāyamāno jigucchamāno eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. 『Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā』ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā channo arahataṃ ahosi. Atha kho āyasmā channo arahattaṃ patto yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – 『『paṭippassambhehi dāni me, bhante ānanda, brahmadaṇḍa』』nti. 『『Yadaggena tayā, āvuso channa, arahattaṃ sacchikataṃ tadaggena te brahmadaṇḍo paṭippassaddho』』ti. Imāya kho pana vinayasaṅgītiyā pañca bhikkhusatāni anūnāni anadhikāni ahesuṃ. Tasmā ayaṃ vinayasaṅgīti 『『pañcasatikā』』ti vuccatīti.

Pañcasatikakkhandhako ekādasamo.

Imamhi khandhake vatthū tevīsati.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Parinibbute sambuddhe, thero kassapasavhayo;

Āmantayi bhikkhugaṇaṃ, saddhammamanupālako;

Pāvāyaddhānamaggamhi, subhaddena paveditaṃ;

Saṅgāyissāma saddhammaṃ, adhammo pure dippati.

Ekenūna pañcasataṃ, ānandampi ca uccini;

Dhammavinayasaṅgītiṃ, vasanto guhamuttame.

Upāliṃ vinayaṃ pucchi, suttantānandapaṇḍitaṃ;

Piṭakaṃ tīṇi saṅgītiṃ, akaṃsu jinasāvakā.

Na pucchi akkamitvāna, vandāpesi na yāci ca.

Pabbajjaṃ mātugāmassa, saddhāya dukkaṭāni me;

Purāṇo brahmadaṇḍañca, orodho udenena saha.

Tāva bahu dubbalañca, uttarattharaṇā bhisi;

Bhūmattharaṇā puñchaniyo, rajo cikkhallamaddanā.

Sahassacīvaraṃ uppajji, paṭhamānandasavhayo;

Tajjito brahmadaṇḍena, catussaccaṃ apāpuṇi;

Vasībhūtā pañcasatā, tasmā pañcasatī iti.

"大德阿難,宣佈了什麼梵罰?""朋友車匿,你想說什麼就說什麼。比丘們不應該對你說話,不應該勸告你,不應該教導你。""大德阿難,我豈不是已經被殺了嗎?因為比丘們不對我說話,不勸告我,不教導我。"說著就在那裡昏倒在地。然後,尊者車匿因梵罰而感到痛苦、羞恥、厭惡,獨自隱居,精進、熱忱、專注地生活,不久就實現了善男子正確地從在家生活出家的目的,那無上的梵行的終極,在現法中自己證知、證悟、成就並安住。他了知:"生已盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,不受後有。"尊者車匿成為阿羅漢之一。然後,證得阿羅漢果的尊者車匿來到尊者阿難那裡,對尊者阿難說:"大德阿難,現在請取消對我的梵罰。""朋友車匿,從你證得阿羅漢果的那一刻起,你的梵罰就自動取消了。" 在這次律的結集中,參與的比丘正好是五百人,不多不少。因此,這次律的結集被稱為"五百結集"。五百結集品第十一完成。這一品中有二十三個故事。其摘要如下: 正覺者般涅槃后,名叫迦葉的長老; 召集比丘眾,維護正法者; 在從波婆來的路上,須跋陀所說; 我們要結集正法,以免非法先興盛。少一的五百人,也選了阿難; 在最高的山洞中,住下結集法和律。問優波離律,問阿難經藏; 佛弟子們結集了三藏。 (阿難)沒問(小小學處),踩(雨浴衣),讓(女人先)禮拜,(沒)請求(佛住世); (促成)女人出家,我因信仰(懺悔這些)惡作; 富樓那和梵罰,後宮與優陀延。這麼多破舊的,上衣和床單; 地毯和擦腳布,抹布和泥土。得到千件衣,阿難第一次; 受梵罰威嚇,證得四聖諦; 五百人精通,故稱五百結集。

Pañcasatikakkhandhakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

五百結集品完成。