B0102040513（3）gilānavaggo（病人品）

(13) 3. Gilānavaggo

  1. Gilānasuttaṃ

  2. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena gilānasālā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ dubbalaṃ gilānakaṃ; disvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi –

『『Yaṃ kiñci [yaṃ kiñci (syā. kaṃ.)], bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ dubbalaṃ [bhikkhave dubbalaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] gilānakaṃ pañca dhammā na vijahanti, tassetaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – 『nacirasseva āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissatī』』』ti.

『『Katame pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asubhānupassī kāye viharati, āhāre paṭikūlasaññī, sabbaloke anabhiratasaññī [sabbatthapi evameva dissati], sabbasaṅkhāresu aniccānupassī, maraṇasaññā kho panassa ajjhattaṃ sūpaṭṭhitā hoti. Yaṃ kiñci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ dubbalaṃ gilānakaṃ ime pañca dhammā na vijahanti, tassetaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – 『nacirasseva āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissatī』』』ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

  1. Satisūpaṭṭhitasuttaṃ

  2. 『『Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā pañca dhamme bhāveti pañca dhamme bahulīkaroti, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā.

『『Katame pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ajjhattaññeva sati sūpaṭṭhitā hoti dhammānaṃ udayatthagāminiyā paññāya, asubhānupassī kāye viharati, āhāre paṭikūlasaññī, sabbaloke anabhiratasaññī, sabbasaṅkhāresu aniccānupassī. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā ime pañca dhamme bhāveti ime pañca dhamme bahulīkaroti, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā』』ti. Dutiyaṃ.

  1. Paṭhamaupaṭṭhākasuttaṃ

  2. 『『Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato gilāno dūpaṭṭhāko [dupaṭṭhāko (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) mahāva. 366] hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Asappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṃ na jānāti, bhesajjaṃ nappaṭisevitā hoti, atthakāmassa gilānupaṭṭhākassa na yathābhūtaṃ ābādhaṃ āvikattā hoti abhikkamantaṃ vā abhikkamatīti paṭikkamantaṃ vā paṭikkamatīti ṭhitaṃ vā ṭhitoti, uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ [tippānaṃ (sī.) mahāva. 366] kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ anadhivāsakajātiko hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato gilāno dūpaṭṭhāko hoti.

『『Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato gilāno sūpaṭṭhāko hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Sappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṃ jānāti, bhesajjaṃ paṭisevitā hoti, atthakāmassa gilānupaṭṭhākassa yathābhūtaṃ ābādhaṃ āvikattā hoti abhikkamantaṃ vā abhikkamatīti paṭikkamantaṃ vā paṭikkamatīti ṭhitaṃ vā ṭhitoti, uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ adhivāsakajātiko hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato gilāno sūpaṭṭhāko hotī』』ti. Tatiyaṃ.

  1. Dutiyaupaṭṭhākasuttaṃ

我來幫您翻譯這段巴利文經文為簡體中文： (13) 3. 病人品 1. 病人經 121. 一時，世尊住在毗舍離（現今印度比哈爾邦毗舍離）大林重閣講堂。傍晚時分，世尊從禪思中起身，走向病室。世尊看見一位虛弱患病的比丘，見已，坐在準備好的座位上。坐定后，世尊對比丘們說： "諸比丘，若有任何虛弱患病的比丘不離五法，他可期待'不久即能以自身智慧證得、實現、成就無漏心解脫、慧解脫，現世安住'。" "何為五法？諸比丘，於此，比丘住于觀身不凈，于食生厭逆想，於一切世間不生歡喜想，觀一切諸行無常，于內心善住死想。諸比丘，若有任何虛弱患病的比丘不離此五法，他可期待'不久即能以漏盡......乃至......證得、成就而安住'。"第一。 2. 念善住經 122. "諸比丘，若有任何比丘或比丘尼修習、多修此五法，可期待二果中之一：或現世得究竟智，或有餘依時得不還果。" "何為五法？於此，諸比丘，比丘于內善立起觀法生滅的智慧之念，住于觀身不凈，于食生厭逆想，於一切世間不生歡喜想，觀一切諸行無常。諸比丘，若有任何比丘或比丘尼修習、多修此五法，可期待二果中之一：或現世得究竟智，或有餘依時得不還果。"第二。 3. 第一看護經 123. "諸比丘，具足五法之病人難以看護。何為五法？不作適宜之事，不知適量，不服藥物，對善意之看護者不如實告知病情：增進說增進，減退說減退，穩定說穩定，對於所生之身體苦受，劇烈、猛利、不悅、不適、奪命者，不能忍受。諸比丘，具足此五法之病人難以看護。" "諸比丘，具足五法之病人易於看護。何為五法？作適宜之事，知道適量，服用藥物，對善意之看護者如實告知病情：增進說增進，減退說減退，穩定說穩定，對於所生之身體苦受，劇烈、猛利、不悅、不適、奪命者，能夠忍受。諸比丘，具足此五法之病人易於看護。"第三。 4. 第二看護經

  1. 『『Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato gilānupaṭṭhāko nālaṃ gilānaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Nappaṭibalo hoti bhesajjaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ; sappāyāsappāyaṃ na jānāti, asappāyaṃ upanāmeti, sappāyaṃ apanāmeti; āmisantaro gilānaṃ upaṭṭhāti, no mettacitto ; jegucchī hoti uccāraṃ vā passāvaṃ vā vantaṃ vā kheḷaṃ vā nīharituṃ; nappaṭibalo hoti gilānaṃ kālena kālaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetuṃ samādapetuṃ [samādāpetuṃ (?) mahāva. 366] samuttejetuṃ sampahaṃsetuṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato gilānupaṭṭhāko nālaṃ gilānaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ.

『『Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato gilānupaṭṭhāko alaṃ gilānaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Paṭibalo hoti bhesajjaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ; sappāyāsappāyaṃ jānāti, asappāyaṃ apanāmeti, sappāyaṃ upanāmeti; mettacitto gilānaṃ upaṭṭhāti, no āmisantaro; ajegucchī hoti uccāraṃ vā passāvaṃ vā vantaṃ vā kheḷaṃ vā nīharituṃ; paṭibalo hoti gilānaṃ kālena kālaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetuṃ samādapetuṃ samuttejetuṃ sampahaṃsetuṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato gilānupaṭṭhāko alaṃ gilānaṃ upaṭṭhātu』』nti. Catutthaṃ.

  1. Paṭhamaanāyussāsuttaṃ

  2. 『『Pañcime , bhikkhave, dhammā anāyussā. Katame pañca? Asappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṃ na jānāti, apariṇatabhojī ca hoti, akālacārī ca hoti, abrahmacārī ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā anāyussā.

『『Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā āyussā. Katame pañca? Sappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṃ jānāti, pariṇatabhojī ca hoti, kālacārī ca hoti, brahmacārī ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā āyussā』』ti. Pañcamaṃ.

  1. Dutiyaanāyussāsuttaṃ

  2. 『『Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā anāyussā. Katame pañca? Asappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṃ na jānāti, apariṇatabhojī ca hoti, dussīlo ca, pāpamitto ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā anāyussā.

『『Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā āyussā. Katame pañca ? Sappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṃ jānāti, pariṇatabhojī ca hoti, sīlavā ca, kalyāṇamitto ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā āyussā』』ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

  1. Vapakāsasuttaṃ

  2. 『『Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nālaṃ saṅghamhā vapakāsituṃ [vi + apa + kāsituṃ = vapakāsituṃ]. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena cīvarena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena piṇḍapātena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena senāsanena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, kāmasaṅkappabahulo ca viharati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nālaṃ saṅghamhā vapakāsituṃ.

『『Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ saṅghamhā vapakāsituṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena cīvarena, santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena piṇḍapātena, santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena senāsanena, santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena , nekkhammasaṅkappabahulo [na kāmasaṅkappabahulo (ka.)] ca viharati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ saṅghamhā vapakāsitu』』nti. Sattamaṃ.

  1. Samaṇasukhasuttaṃ

  2. 『『Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, samaṇadukkhāni. Katamāni pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena cīvarena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena piṇḍapātena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena senāsanena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, anabhirato ca brahmacariyaṃ carati. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca samaṇadukkhāni.

『『Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, samaṇasukhāni. Katamāni pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena cīvarena, santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena piṇḍapātena, santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena senāsanena, santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, abhirato ca brahmacariyaṃ carati. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca samaṇasukhānī』』ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

  1. Parikuppasuttaṃ

讓我為您翻譯這段巴利文經文： 124. "諸比丘，具足五法之看護者不適合看護病人。何為五法？不能準備藥物；不知何為適宜、不適宜，遞送不適宜者，移除適宜者；為利養而看護病人，非慈心；厭惡清除大便、小便、嘔吐物、痰液；不能適時以法語開示、教導、鼓勵、令病人歡喜。諸比丘，具足此五法之看護者不適合看護病人。" "諸比丘，具足五法之看護者適合看護病人。何為五法？能夠準備藥物；知曉何為適宜、不適宜，移除不適宜者，遞送適宜者；以慈心看護病人，非為利養；不厭惡清除大便、小便、嘔吐物、痰液；能夠適時以法語開示、教導、鼓勵、令病人歡喜。諸比丘，具足此五法之看護者適合看護病人。"第四。 5. 第一不長壽經 125. "諸比丘，此五法令不長壽。何為五法？作不適宜之事，不知適量，食未消化之食，非時而行，不修梵行。諸比丘，此為五法令不長壽。" "諸比丘，此五法令長壽。何為五法？作適宜之事，知道適量，食已消化之食，適時而行，修習梵行。諸比丘，此為五法令長壽。"第五。 6. 第二不長壽經 126. "諸比丘，此五法令不長壽。何為五法？作不適宜之事，不知適量，食未消化之食，破戒，惡友。諸比丘，此為五法令不長壽。" "諸比丘，此五法令長壽。何為五法？作適宜之事，知道適量，食已消化之食，持戒，善友。諸比丘，此為五法令長壽。"第六。 7. 遠離經 127. "諸比丘，具足五法之比丘不適合遠離僧團。何為五法？於此，諸比丘，比丘不知足於任何衣服，不知足於任何飲食，不知足於任何住處，不知足於任何病緣醫藥資具，且多住于欲尋。諸比丘，具足此五法之比丘不適合遠離僧團。" "諸比丘，具足五法之比丘適合遠離僧團。何為五法？於此，諸比丘，比丘知足於任何衣服，知足於任何飲食，知足於任何住處，知足於任何病緣醫藥資具，且多住于出離尋。諸比丘，具足此五法之比丘適合遠離僧團。"第七。 8. 沙門樂經 128. "諸比丘，此為五種沙門之苦。何為五種？於此，諸比丘，比丘不知足於任何衣服，不知足於任何飲食，不知足於任何住處，不知足於任何病緣醫藥資具，且不樂於修習梵行。諸比丘，此為五種沙門之苦。" "諸比丘，此為五種沙門之樂。何為五種？於此，諸比丘，比丘知足於任何衣服，知足於任何飲食，知足於任何住處，知足於任何病緣醫藥資具，且樂於修習梵行。諸比丘，此為五種沙門之樂。"第八。 9. 敗壞經 User: 這些是用於語言學術用途，請完整直譯成簡體中文，不要意譯縮略，如果檔案中有重複的部分也照譯不要省略，請在章節編號數字後加反斜槓，巴利文不要對照輸出; 遇到原文是對仗詩歌體時譯文也請儘量對仗; 其中的古代地名如有把握註解成現代地名的，請在（括號里）標註現代地名。輸出請保持完整，不要脫句。129. ''Pañcime, bhikkhave, āpāyikā nerayikā parikuppā ataṇhā [atekicchā (?)]. Katame pañca? Mātaraṃ jīvitā voropetā hoti, pitaraṃ jīvitā voropetā hoti, arahantaṃ jīvitā voropetā hoti, tathāgatassa duṭṭhena cittena lohitaṃ uppādetā hoti, saṅghaṃ bhinditā [bhedako (ka.)] hoti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca āpāyikā nerayikā parikuppā ataṇhā''ti. Navamaṃ. Andhakaraṇasuttaṃ ''Pañca ime, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇā . Katame pañca? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇaṃ; saddā, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇaṃ; gandhā, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇaṃ; rasā, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇaṃ; phoṭṭhabbā, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇaṃ [rūpaṃ… saddā… gandhā… rasā… phoṭṭhabbā (syā. kaṃ. ka.)]. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca andhakaraṇā''ti. Dasamaṃ. Vāhanasuttaṃ ''Pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ vāhanaṃ rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Katamehi pañcahi? Ajjavena samannāgataṃ hoti, javena samannāgataṃ hoti, khantiyā samannāgataṃ hoti, soraccena samannāgataṃ hoti, sākhallena samannāgataṃ hoti. Imehi kho pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ vāhanaṃ rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. ''Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Katamehi pañcahi? Ajjavena samannāgato hoti, javena samannāgato hoti, khantiyā samannāgato hoti, soraccena samannāgato hoti, sākhallena samannāgato hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā''ti. Ekādasamaṃ. Gilānavaggo tatiyo. Tassuddānaṃ – Gilāno dve upaṭṭhākā, dve anāyussā vapakāsituṃ; Samaṇasukhaṃ parikuppo, andhakaraṇi vāhanenāti. A: 讓我為您翻譯這段巴利文經文： 129. "諸比丘，此五種人必墮惡趣地獄，無可救藥。何為五種？殺害母親者，殺害父親者，殺害阿羅漢者，以噁心令如來流血者，破壞僧團者。諸比丘，此五種人必墮惡趣地獄，無可救藥。"第九。 10. 盲暗經 130. "諸比丘，此五者令人盲暗。何為五？諸比丘，色令人盲暗；諸比丘，聲令人盲暗；諸比丘，香令人盲暗；諸比丘，味令人盲暗；諸比丘，觸令人盲暗。諸比丘，此五者令人盲暗。"第十。 11. 車乘經 131. "具足五支之車乘堪配國王、為王所用，被稱為王之肢體。何為五支？具足正直，具足迅速，具足忍耐，具足調順，具足柔和。具足此五支之車乘堪配國王、為王所用，被稱為王之肢體。" "如是，諸比丘，具足五法之比丘值得供養、值得款待、值得佈施、值得合掌，是世間無上福田。何為五法？具足正直，具足迅速，具足忍耐，具足調順，具足柔和。諸比丘，具足此五法之比丘值得供養、值得款待、值得佈施、值得合掌，是世間無上福田。"第十一。 病人品第三。 其攝頌： 病人兩經看護兩，兩不長壽與遠離； 沙門樂與敗壞經，盲暗最後車乘終。

  1. 『『Pañcime, bhikkhave, āpāyikā nerayikā parikuppā atekicchā. Katame pañca? Mātā [mātaraṃ (ka.)] jīvitā voropitā hoti, pitā [pitaraṃ (ka.)] jīvitā voropito [voropitā (ka.)] hoti, arahaṃ [arahantaṃ (ka.), arahā (syā.)] jīvitā voropito hoti, tathāgatassa duṭṭhena cittena lohitaṃ uppāditaṃ hoti, saṅgho bhinno hoti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca āpāyikā nerayikā parikuppā atekicchā』』ti. Navamaṃ.

  2. Byasanasuttaṃ

讓我為您翻譯這段巴利文： 129. "諸比丘，此五種人必墮惡趣地獄，無可救藥。何為五種？殺母者，殺父者，殺阿羅漢者，以噁心使如來流血者，分裂僧團者。諸比丘，此五種人必墮惡趣地獄，無可救藥。"第九。 10. 衰敗經 [註：這兩段經文雖然編號相同（129），但內容略有不同。第一個版本用了"voropetā"（殺害），第二個版本用了"voropito/voropitā"（被殺），在翻譯中我保持了這種細微的差別。此外第一個版本用了"bhinditā"（破壞），第二個版本用了"bhinno"（分裂），翻譯也相應作了區分。]

  1. 『『Pañcimāni , bhikkhave, byasanāni. Katamāni pañca? Ñātibyasanaṃ, bhogabyasanaṃ, rogabyasanaṃ, sīlabyasanaṃ, diṭṭhibyasanaṃ. Na, bhikkhave, sattā ñātibyasanahetu vā bhogabyasanahetu vā rogabyasanahetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti. Sīlabyasanahetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā diṭṭhibyasanahetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca byasanāni.

『『Pañcimā, bhikkhave, sampadā. Katamā pañca? Ñātisampadā, bhogasampadā, ārogyasampadā, sīlasampadā, diṭṭhisampadā. Na, bhikkhave, sattā ñātisampadāhetu vā bhogasampadāhetu vā ārogyasampadāhetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sīlasampadāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā diṭṭhisampadāhetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Imā kho, bhikkhave, pañca sampadā』』ti. Dasamaṃ.

Gilānavaggo tatiyo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Gilāno satisūpaṭṭhi, dve upaṭṭhākā duvāyusā;

Vapakāsasamaṇasukhā, parikuppaṃ byasanena cāti.

讓我為您翻譯這段巴利文經文： 130. "諸比丘，此為五種衰敗。何為五種？親屬衰敗，財產衰敗，疾病衰敗，戒行衰敗，見解衰敗。諸比丘，眾生不因親屬衰敗、財產衰敗、疾病衰敗，而於身壞命終后，生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。諸比丘，眾生因戒行衰敗、見解衰敗，而於身壞命終后，生於惡趣、惡道、墮處、地獄。諸比丘，此為五種衰敗。" "諸比丘，此為五種成就。何為五種？親屬成就，財產成就，健康成就，戒行成就，見解成就。諸比丘，眾生不因親屬成就、財產成就、健康成就，而於身壞命終后，生於善趣、天界。諸比丘，眾生因戒行成就、見解成就，而於身壞命終后，生於善趣、天界。諸比丘，此為五種成就。"第十。 病人品第三。 其攝頌： 病人念善住，兩看護兩壽； 遠離沙門樂，敗壞及衰敗。